北京市中考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí) 第一篇 教材梳理篇 第01課時(shí) 講義

1、第 1 課時(shí)PART ONE第一篇 教材梳理篇基礎(chǔ)自主梳理必備詞匯1. 能力;才能2. 能夠;有能力的3. 大約;到處;關(guān)于4. 在上面5. 到(在)國(guó)外6. 缺席;不在7. 接受abilityableaboutaboveabroad absentaccept基礎(chǔ)自主梳理必備詞匯8. 事故,意外的事9. 根據(jù),按照,符合10.達(dá)到;取得11.橫過;穿過12.法令;表演;演出,行動(dòng)13.行動(dòng)14.積極的,主動(dòng)的15.活動(dòng)16.演員accidentaccordingachieveacrossactactionactiveactivity actor基礎(chǔ)自主梳理必備詞匯17.女演員18.actual

2、ly19.增添;增加20.地址21.欣賞,佩服22.成年人23.advantage24.advertiseactress實(shí)際上addaddressadmireadult優(yōu)點(diǎn)做廣告基礎(chǔ)自主梳理必備詞匯25.(n.)忠告;勸告;建議26.(v.)忠告;勸告;建議27.負(fù)擔(dān)得起;抽得出時(shí)間28.害怕的;擔(dān)心的29.非洲30.非洲的;非洲人31.后來(lái);在之后adviceadviseaffordafraidAfricaAfricanafter基礎(chǔ)自主梳理必備詞匯32. 下午,午后33.再一次;再,又34.違反,反對(duì)35.年齡;時(shí)代36.以前37.同意;應(yīng)允38. 同意;一致;協(xié)定39.空氣;大氣40.航

3、空站,飛機(jī)場(chǎng)afternoonagainagainstageagoagreeagreementairairport基礎(chǔ)自主梳理必備詞匯41.活著的,存在的42.全部的;所有的;全部;全體成員43.允許,準(zhǔn)許44.幾乎,差不多45.單獨(dú)的,孤獨(dú)的46.向前;一同;沿著;順著47.大聲地48.已經(jīng)49.也50.雖然;盡管aliveallallowalmostalonealongaloudalreadyalsoalthough 基礎(chǔ)自主梳理必備詞匯51.總是;一直;永遠(yuǎn)52.美國(guó);美洲53.美國(guó)人;美國(guó)人的54.在中間;在(三個(gè)以上)之間55.古代的;古老的56.和;又;而57.生氣的,憤怒的58.

4、動(dòng)物59.別的;另一個(gè)60.回答,答復(fù)alwaysAmericaAmericanamongancientandangryanimalanotheranswer 基礎(chǔ)自主梳理必備詞匯61.螞蟻62.任何的;(用于疑問句、否定句)一些63. 任何人,無(wú)論誰(shuí)64.任何事(物)65.不管怎樣66.任何地方67.出現(xiàn)68.蘋果69.面積;地域;區(qū)域;范圍;領(lǐng)域70.辯論;爭(zhēng)吵antanyanybody/anyoneanythinganywayanywhereappearappleareaargue基礎(chǔ)自主梳理必備詞匯71.臂,裝備72.軍隊(duì)73.在周圍;在附近; 在周圍;大約74.到達(dá);送達(dá)75.藝術(shù),

5、美術(shù);技藝76.文章;物品;冠詞77.藝術(shù)家78.像一樣;如同; 作為79.亞洲armarmyaroundarriveartarticleartistasAsia基礎(chǔ)自主梳理必備短語(yǔ)1. 有一點(diǎn),一會(huì)2. 一些,少量3. 一種,一類4. 一點(diǎn),少許5. 許多,大量6. 一些,許多7. 一雙,一副8. 一塊,一張,一根,一片9. 首先,首要10. 根據(jù),按照a bit (of)a fewa kind ofa little a lot ofa number ofa pair ofa piece ofabove allaccording to基礎(chǔ)自主梳理必備短語(yǔ)11.畢竟,終究12. 課后13. 反

6、復(fù)地,再三地14. 同意做某事15. 同意某人的看法16. 各種各樣的after allafter classagain and againagree to do sthagree with sball kinds of核心考點(diǎn)突破 ableadj. 能夠的;有能力的【題1】根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思完成句子他六歲的時(shí)候就能彈吉他和鋼琴了。By the time he was 6, he _ _ _ _the guitar and the piano.【題2】 選擇正確的選項(xiàng)You mustspeak French for the job.A.can B.should C.be able to D.need

7、【歸納拓展】1.unable adj. 不能的; 不會(huì)的; enable v. 使能夠;disabled adj. 殘疾的2.be able to do sth 能夠做某事3.be able to 與 can 的區(qū)別:be able to 表示通過努力而成功地做成某事,可用于各種時(shí)態(tài);can 表示有能力做某事,一般指自身已有的能力,只有現(xiàn)在和過去兩種時(shí)態(tài)。was able to playC核心考點(diǎn)突破 acrossprep. 橫過;穿過; 在的對(duì)面【題3】 選詞填空(1)The railway runs a forest.(across; through)(2)It is dangerous

8、for children to runthe street by themselves.(across; through)【詞義辨析】across 與through的區(qū)別:across表示在物體表面從一端到另一端; through強(qiáng)調(diào)從人群或物體中間或內(nèi)部穿過。throughacross核心考點(diǎn)突破 affordv.買得起,負(fù)擔(dān)得起;抽得出時(shí)間【題4】 選擇正確的選項(xiàng)(1)I cantthe time and money for a long journey.A.spend B.cost C.pay D.afford(2)Im afraid a car is too expensive for

9、 me.But more and more Chinese canto buy one.A.expect B.afford C.choose D.offer 【題5】 根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思完成句子John想要一臺(tái)電腦,但是他的父母負(fù)擔(dān)不起。John wants a computer, but his parents cant _ _ one for him.【歸納拓展】(1)afford常與 can, could或be able to 連用。(2)afford sth.表示“買得起某物”,afford to do sth.表示“有能力做某事,負(fù)擔(dān)得起做某事”。I dont have enough mo

10、ney.I cant afford (to buy) a new house.我沒有足夠的錢,買不起新房子。DBto buy afford核心考點(diǎn)突破 allowv. 允許;許可 【題6】 選擇正確的選項(xiàng)(1)People dont allow on the train.Its dangerous.A.smoking B.to smoke C.people smoking D.people smoke(2)In this country, women to work outside.A.allow B.arent allowing C.arent allowed D.allowed 【題7】

11、根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思完成句子她父母將不允許她去參加聚會(huì)。Her parents wouldnt _ _ _ _to the party.【歸納拓展】ACallow her to go核心考點(diǎn)突破 achievev.達(dá)到;完成;成功 【題8】 用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空Mr.Smiths son has got an impressive , which makes all his family members very proud.(achieve)【歸納拓展】(1)achieve 表示通過努力取得成績(jī)或?qū)崿F(xiàn)目標(biāo)。achieve success取得成功;achieve ones aim 實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)。(2)

12、achievement n. 成就;成績(jī);達(dá)到achievement核心考點(diǎn)突破 admirev. 欽佩;贊賞;欣賞【題9】 選擇正確的選項(xiàng)(1)The oldthe young for their energy and bravery.A.admire B.achieve C.afford D.advise(2)Chinese people like tothe full moon on the Mid-Autumn night.A.miss B.collect C.admire D.sell【題10】 用admire的適當(dāng)形式填空(1)The young man saved the dro

13、wning girl and his action was .(2)The team felt great for the coach.【歸納拓展】(1)admirable adj. 令人欽佩的,值得贊賞的 (2)admiration n. 敬佩;欽佩;羨慕(3)admire sb for sth 因?yàn)槟呈露鴼J佩/羨慕某人ACadmirableadmiration核心考點(diǎn)突破 agreev. 同意;贊同【題11】 用方框中短語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式填空agree onagree withagree to(1)I my mother about most things.(2)Make sure each g

14、roup member understands and _the task given to him or her.(3)Jay phoned me this morning, and we a time and place to meet.【題12】 根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思完成句子我們同意周末幫老人做一些家務(wù)活。We _on weekends.【歸納拓展】agree withagrees toagreed onagree to help the old people do some housework核心考點(diǎn)突破 a bit (of)/a few/a little一點(diǎn)兒;一些【題13】 選擇正確的選項(xiàng)

15、(1)There are apples in the fridge; we dont need to buy any more.A.few B.a few C.little D.a little(2)Im thirsty, but there is water in the bottle.Could you please buy some for me?Sure.A.few B.a few C.little D.a little【詞義辨析】(1)a bit of 后接不可數(shù)名詞; a bit可用作程度副詞短語(yǔ)表示“稍微,有點(diǎn)兒”,用來(lái)修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞或副詞的比較級(jí)。a bit 和 a litt

16、le 可以互換;(2)a few 一些,少量,表示肯定意義,后接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù),與few相對(duì)應(yīng);(3)a little 一點(diǎn)兒,少許,表示肯定意義,后接不可數(shù)名詞,與little相對(duì)應(yīng)。BC核心考點(diǎn)突破 a lot of/a number of許多;大量【題14】 根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思完成句子(1)他們抓了好多魚。They caughtfish.(2)今年北京很多人在這場(chǎng)大雨中受到了影響。 people in Beijing were affected in the heavy rain this year.【歸納拓展】1.a lot of=lots of,后接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞;a number

17、 of 和 many用法相同,后接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。2.the number of 意為“的數(shù)量”,“ the number of+名詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。a lot of/a number ofA number of/A lot of一詞多義積累一詞多義積累(1)The letter was correctly addressed, but sent to the wrong house.(2)Newspapers praised Lincolns address.(3)Whats your name and address? (4)I was surprised when he a

18、ddressed me in English.1.addressA.n.地址B.n.演講C.v.寫(收信人的)姓名地址D.v.向說話根據(jù)語(yǔ)境,判斷單詞在句中的意思(寫出該詞所屬義項(xiàng)的英文大寫字母即可)并翻譯句子答案(1)C句意:信上的姓名、地址寫得都對(duì),但被錯(cuò)送到另一家去了。(2)B句意:報(bào)紙上贊揚(yáng)了林肯的演講。(3)A句意:你的姓名和地址是什么?(4)D句意:當(dāng)他用英語(yǔ)跟我說話時(shí),我很詫異。一詞多義積累(1)Put the piano there, against the wall. (2)The Chinese football team is going to play against the Japanese team next week.(3)Her age is against her.(4)They took action against fire.(5)Are you for or against the plan? 2.against prep.A.反對(duì);與相反;違反;逆B.靠著;倚靠C.對(duì)不利D.預(yù)防E.和比賽答案(1)B句意:把鋼琴放在那兒,靠著墻。(2)E句意:下周中國(guó)足球隊(duì)要和日本隊(duì)比賽。(3)C句意:她的年齡對(duì)她不利。(4)D句意:他們采取了行動(dòng)來(lái)預(yù)防火災(zāi)。(5)A句意:你是贊成還是反對(duì)那個(gè)計(jì)劃?一詞多義積累(1)There are many bir