2021屆高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)題型突擊專題07閱讀理解之新聞報道類含解析

1、2021屆高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)題型突擊專題07閱讀理解之新聞報道類含解析2021屆高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)題型突擊專題07閱讀理解之新聞報道類含解析2021屆高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)題型突擊專題07閱讀理解之新聞報道類含解析專題07 新聞報道類序號內(nèi)容Part 1題型總覽題型綜述 技巧點撥 讀相關(guān)詞Part 2真題感悟真題詳解 強重難詞 析長難句.Part 3專題強化真題自測 新題模擬Part 1題型總覽【題型綜述】在信息時代的今天，我們必須關(guān)注國內(nèi)外的重要事件。因而時文報道類（也稱新聞報道類)文章也是閱讀理解中必不可少的。時文報道類文章一般以記敘文為主。文章的特點是用非常簡練的語言清楚地向讀者闡述一件事。這類文

2、章的寫作思路往往是這樣的:簡述某個事件（何時、何地、何人、何事、結(jié)果)具體描述該事件(細節(jié)內(nèi)容）-作者或其他人的看法和評價。不過，在表達方式上,作者會運用各種表達方式，如倒敘、插敘等,思維的跳躍性較大?！炯记牲c撥】在做題時，既要重視時文類的標(biāo)題和導(dǎo)語，也要重視每個段落的銜接。另外,這種文章中往往出現(xiàn)大量的陌生的人名或地名，在閱讀時，要學(xué)會排除干擾.【讀相關(guān)詞】journalist n記者,新聞工作者publish vt。 出版；發(fā)行professional adj。 專業(yè)的approve vt。 贊成，批準statement n。 聲明，陳述announce v。 宣布;宣告witness v

3、。 見證；目擊comment vt。n. 評論the media 新聞界news summary 新聞?wù)猲ews release 新聞發(fā)布press conference 記者招待會reliable source 可靠新聞來源anecdote n. 趣聞軼事body n。 新聞?wù)腷rief n. 簡訊column n專欄；欄目contributor n投稿人cover vt采訪；采寫daily n日報deadline n截稿時間digest n文摘feedback n信息反饋folo (=followup） n連續(xù)報道headline n新聞標(biāo)題；內(nèi)容提要highlights n。 要聞j

4、ournaslism n新聞業(yè)；新聞學(xué)mass media 大眾傳播媒介press n報界;新聞界article n。 文章photophotograph n。 照片title n. 標(biāo)題，題目report n vt. 報道，報告feature n. 特寫,花絮criticism n。 評論current affairs 時事announcer n. 播音員columnist n. 專欄作家editor n. 編輯producer n。 制作人publisher n。 發(fā)行人update vt。 更新；校正expose vt. 揭露advertise vt. 做廣告advertising si

5、gns 廣告牌advertise for sth. 登廣告征求/尋找arouse wide public concern/draw wide public attention引起廣泛的公眾關(guān)注arrange an interview 安排采訪cover an event 報道事件Part 2真題感悟Passage 1【真題詳解】【2020全國新高考II山東卷】According to a recent study in the Journal of Consumer Research, both the size and consumption habits of our eating com

6、panions can influence our food intake. And contrary to existing research that says you should avoid eating with heavier people who order large portions(份)， its the beanpoles with big appetites you really need to avoid.To test the effect of social influence on eating habits, the researchers conducted

7、 two experiments. In the first， 95 undergraduate women were individually invited into a lab to ostensibly(表面上）participate in a study about movie viewership. Before the film began, each woman was asked to help herself to a snack. An actor hired by the researchers grabbed her food first. In her natura

8、l state, the actor weighed 105 pounds. But in half the cases she wore a specially designed fat suit which increased her weight to 180 pounds.Both the fat and thin versions of the actor took a large amount of food。 The participants followed suit， taking more food than they normally would have. Howeve

9、r, they took significantly more when the actor was thin。For the second test， in one case the thin actor took two pieces of candy from the snack bowls。 In the other case, she took 30 pieces。 The results were similar to the first test： the participants followed suit but took significantly more candy w

10、hen the thin actor took 30 pieces.The tests show that the social environment is extremely influential when were making decisions. If this fellow participant is going to eat more， so will I。 Call it the “Ill have what shes having” effect. However， well adjust the influence。 If an overweight person is

11、 having a large portion， Ill hold back a bit because I see the results of his eating habits. But if a thin person eats a lot, Ill follow suit。 If he can eat much and keep slim, why cant I？12What is the recent study mainly about?AFood safety。BMovie viewership。CConsumer demand.DEating behavior。13What

12、does the underlined word “beanpoles” in paragraph 1 refer to?ABig eaters.BOverweight persons。CPicky eaters。DTall thin persons。14Why did the researchers hire the actor?ATo see how she would affect the participants。BTo test if the participants could recognize her。CTo find out what she would do in the

13、two tests。DTo study why she could keep her weight down.15On what basis do we “adjust the influence” according to the last paragraph？AHow hungry we are.BHow slim we want to be。CHow we perceive others.DHow we feel about the food.【答案】12D13D14A15C【解析】本文是說明文.最近的研究表明：我們的飲食伙伴的大小和消費習(xí)慣都會影響我們的食物攝入量。文章詳述了這個實驗的

14、過程。12細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“According to a recent study in the Journal of Consumer Research, both the size and consumption habits of our eating companions can influence our food intake可知，根據(jù)消費者研究雜志最近的一項研究，我們的飲食伙伴的大小和消費習(xí)慣都會影響我們的食物攝入量。因此這項研究是關(guān)于飲食行為的.故選D.13詞義猜測題。根據(jù)前半句“And contrary to existing research that says

15、you should avoid eating with heavier people who order large portions（份）可知,現(xiàn)有的研究認為：你應(yīng)該避免和體重較重、點大份飯菜的人一起吃飯。后半句認為，你真正應(yīng)該避免的是the beanpoles with big appetites。由contrary to可推斷出,畫線詞和heavier people(超重的人）相反，結(jié)合選項，D選項（瘦瘦高高的人）正好和heavier people正好相反.故選D。14推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的“To test the effect of social influence on eati

16、ng habits, the researchers conducted two experiments可知， 為了測試社會影響對飲食習(xí)慣的影響，研究人員進行了兩個實驗。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段的內(nèi)容可知，在兩個實驗中，胖的和瘦的演員都吃了大量的食物。參與者也照做,吃的食物比平常多. 然而，當(dāng)演員是瘦的時候，參與者們服用的食物更多。.由此推斷，研究人員雇用演員是為了看看她如何影響參與者。故選A.15推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“If an overweight person is having a large portion, Ill hold back a bit because I see the

17、results of his eating habits。 But if a thin person eats a lot, Ill follow suit. If he can eat much and keep slim， why cant I? 可知，如果一個超重的人吃很大一份，我會忍住一點,因為我看到了他飲食習(xí)慣的結(jié)果。但如果一個瘦的人吃很多,我會跟著做。如果他吃得多保持苗條，為什么我不能呢？ 因此推斷我們是根據(jù)我們對他人的看法（即：如何看待他人）來調(diào)整影響的。故選C?！緩娭仉y詞】appetite n. 食欲；嗜好undergraduate n. 大學(xué)本科生；大學(xué)肄業(yè)生adj。 大學(xué)本

18、科生的；大學(xué)肄業(yè)生的individually adv。 個別地,單獨地participate in參加；參與viewership n。 （電視節(jié)目的)觀眾；收視率version n。 版本；譯文;倒轉(zhuǎn)術(shù)significantly adv。 顯著地；相當(dāng)數(shù)量地influential adj. 有影響的；有勢力的a large portion，一大份consumption habits 消費習(xí)慣 contrary to 與相反【析長難句】1。 But in half the cases she wore a specially designed fat suit which increased h

19、er weight to 180 pounds?！窘馕觥勘揪渲械膚hich increased her weight to 180 pounds。是定語從句，修飾前面的先行詞fat suit?！咀g文】但在一半的案例中,她穿了一套特別設(shè)計的肥胖套裝，使她的體重增加到180磅?！痉聦憽縚2。 And contrary to existing research that says you should avoid eating with heavier people who order large portions（份), its the beanpoles with big appetites y

20、ou really need to avoid.【解析】本句是個主從復(fù)合句。其中contrary to短語做狀語，that引導(dǎo)同位語從句;say后面是省略了引導(dǎo)詞that的賓語從句，賓語從句中又包含一個who引導(dǎo)的定語從句，這個定語從句修飾heavier people?！咀g文】現(xiàn)有的研究表明，你應(yīng)該避免和點大份量飯的大胖子一起吃飯，相反，你真正需要避免的是與食量大的卻又高又瘦的人一起吃飯。【仿寫】_3. The tests show that the social environment is extremely influential when were making decisions.【

21、解析】本句中的that the social environment is extremely influential是賓語從句，when引導(dǎo)的是時間狀語從句?！咀g文】測試表明，社會環(huán)境對我們做決定的影響非常大。【仿寫】_Passage 2【真題詳解】【2019浙江卷】Money with no strings attached. Its not something you see every day。 But at Union Station in Los Angeles last month, a board went up with dollar bills attached to it

22、 with pins and a sign that read, “Give What You Can, Take What You Need.”People quickly caught on. And while many took dollars， many others pinned their own cash to the board。 “People of all ages, races， and socioeconomic(社會經(jīng)濟的） backgrounds gave and took,” said Tyler Bridges of The Toolbox, which cr

23、eated the project. “We even had a bride in her wedding dress come up to the board and take a few dollars。 Most of the bills on the board were singles， but a few people left fives， tens and even twenties。 The video clip(片段) shows one man who had found a $ 20 bill pinning it to the board。“What I can s

24、ay for the folks that gave the most, is that they were full of smiles，” Bridges said。 “Theres a certain feeling that giving can do for you and that was apparent in those that gave the most. Most people who took dollars took only a few， but Bridges said a very small number took as much as they could.

25、While the clip might look like part of a new ad campaign, Bridges said the only goal was to show generosity and sympathy. He added that he hopes people in other cities might try similar projects and post their own videos on the Internet?！癆fter all， everyone has bad days and good days，” he said. “Som

26、e days you need a helping hand and some days you can be the one giving the helping hand.”21What does the expression “money with no strings attached” in paragraph 1 mean？AMoney spent without hesitation.BMoney not legally made.CMoney offered without conditions.DMoney not tied together.22What did Bridg

27、es want to show by mentioning the bride？AWomen tended to be more sociable.BThe activity attracted various people.CEconomic problems were getting worse。DYoung couples needed financial assistance.23Why did Bridges carry out the project?ATo do a test on peoples morals。BTo raise money for his company.CT

28、o earn himself a good reputation.DTo promote kindness and sympathy。21C22B23D【解析】這是一篇新聞報道.短文報道了上個月在洛杉磯的聯(lián)合車站，一塊牌子上用別針別滿了美元,上面寫著“給予你所能給與的，拿走你所需要的”。這樣的活動吸引了各種各樣的人，組織者希望通過這樣的活動來提倡仁慈和同情。21詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第一段中But at Union Station in Los Angeles last month, a board went up with dollar bills attached to it with pins

29、 and a sign that read, “Give What You Can， Take What You Need.”可知，但是上個月在洛杉磯的聯(lián)合車站，一塊牌子上用別針別滿了美元，上面寫著“給予你所能給與的，拿走你所需要的”.所以通過下文的語境,判斷出第1段中的money with no strings attached是“無條件提供的錢”的意思.故C項正確。22推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段照片沒給“People of all ages， races, and socioeconomic（社會經(jīng)濟的) backgrounds gave and took,” said Tyler Bridg

30、es of The Toolbox， which created the project. “We even had a bride in her wedding dress come up to the board and take a few dollars。”可知，發(fā)起該項活動的泰勒布里奇斯說：“所有年齡、種族和社會經(jīng)濟背景的人都會付出和索取?！鄙踔劣幸晃淮┲榧喌男履飦淼搅伺谱忧?拿走了一些錢.所以泰勒布里奇斯提到新娘是想說明這項活動吸引了各種各樣的人.故B項正確.23細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段While the clip might look like part of a new a

31、d campaign, Bridges said the only goal was to show generosity and sympathy.可知，盡管這段視頻看起來像是一項新的廣告活動的一部分，但是布里奇斯說這次活動唯一的目標(biāo)是表現(xiàn)出慷慨和同情。所以布里奇斯開展這個活動是為了提倡仁慈和同情。故D項正確?！緩娭仉y詞】string n. 線,弦，細繩;一串，一行be attached to喜愛;附屬于socio-economic adj。 社會經(jīng)濟的come up to v。 達到;等于apparent adj. 顯然的;表面上的campaign n. 運動；活動；戰(zhàn)役，軍事行動；競選s

32、how generosity and sympathy表現(xiàn)出慷慨和同情give the helping hand. 伸出援助之手【析長難句】1. What I can say for the folks that gave the most, is that they were full of smiles,【解析】句中的What I can引導(dǎo)主語從句，其中又含有一個that引導(dǎo)的定語從句，修飾先行詞the folks;整個句子是主系表結(jié)構(gòu)，that they were full of smiles是個表語從句.【譯文】對于那些付出最多的人，我能說的是,他們充滿了微笑?！痉聦憽縚2。 He

33、added that he hopes people in other cities might try similar projects and post their own videos on the Internet.【解析】句中的that he hopes people in other cities是賓語從句，其中and連接的try similar projects。 和post their own videos是兩個并列的謂語?！咀g文】他補充說，他希望其他城市的人們也可以嘗試類似的項目，并將自己的視頻發(fā)布到互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上.【仿寫】_3。 Theres a certain feeling

34、that giving can do for you and that was apparent in those that gave the most?！窘馕觥勘揪涫莻€復(fù)合句，a certain feeling 后面的that giving can do for you 和that was apparent in those that gave the most是兩個并列的同位語從句，其中that gave the most又是一個定語從句，修飾前面的先行詞those?！咀g文】有一種感覺,付出可以為你帶來好處，這在那些付出最多的人身上表現(xiàn)得很明顯?！痉聦憽縚Part 3專題強化Passage

35、 1【真題自測】【2020全國卷3】When Rise of the Planet of the Apes was first shown to the public last month, a group of excited animal activists gathered on Hollywood Boulevard。 But they werent there to throw red paint on furcoat-wearing film stars. Instead， one activist， dressed in a full-body monkey suit， had

36、arrived with a sign praising the filmmakers: ”Thanks for not using real apes （猿)!”The creative team behind Apes” used motion-capture (動作捕捉) technology to create digitalized animals, spending tens of millions of dollars on technology that I records an actors performance and later processes it with co

37、mputer graphics to create a final image （圖像)。 In this case, one of a realistic-looking ape.Yet ”Apes is more exception than the rule. In fact, Hollywood has been hot on live animals lately。 One nonprofit organization, which monitors the treatment or animals in filmed entertainment， is keeping tabs o

38、n more than 2，000 productions this year。 Already， a number of films, including Water for Elephants,” The Hangover Part and ”Zookeeper,” have drawn the anger of activists who say the creatures acting in them havent been treated properly。In some cases, its not so much the treatment of the animals on s

39、et in the studio that has activists worried； its the offset training and living conditions that are raising concerns。 And there are questions about the films made outside the States， which sometimes are not monitored as closely as productions filmed in the Sates.24。 Why did the animal activists gath

40、er on Hollywood Boulevard？A. To see famous film stars.B。 To oppose wearing fur coats.C。 To raise money for animal protection.D。 To express thanks to some filmmakers。25. What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about?A。 The cost of making ”Apes。”B。 The creation of digitalized apes。C. The publicity about “Ap

41、es。D。 The performance of real apes.26. What does the underlined phrase keeping tabs on” in paragraph 3 probably mean？A. Listing completely。B。 Directing professionally.C。 Promoting successfully。D。 Watching carefully。27. What can we infer from the last paragraph about animal actors?A。 They may be badl

42、y treated。B。 They should take further training.C。 They could be traded illegallyD. They would lose popularity.【答案】24.D25。B26。D27.A【文章大意】本文是一篇新聞報道。短文報道了電影“猩球崛起”上個月首次與公眾見面。動物愛好者聚集在好萊塢前，感謝電影制作者，在電影拍攝時，沒有使用真的類人猿.現(xiàn)在的動物拍攝使用的是數(shù)字化人猿的創(chuàng)造技術(shù)，而一些電影的拍攝卻存在著虐待動物的現(xiàn)象，這讓一個非盈利的組織密切關(guān)注此事.但有些拍攝也是不能夠被監(jiān)測到的。24。細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“In

43、stead, one activist ，dressed in a full -body monkey suit ,had arrived with a sign praising the filmmakers:“Thanks for not using real apes可知,相反，一名身穿全套猴服的活動人士來到現(xiàn)場,手里拿著一塊牌子,稱贊電影制作人：“感謝你們不用真正的猿猴。所以動物保護者聚集在好萊塢大道是為了向電影制作者表示感謝。故選D項.25.主旨大意題.根據(jù)第二段“The creative team behind ”Apes” used motioncapture (動作捕捉) te

44、chnology to create digitalized animals, spending tens of millions of dollars on technology that I records an actors performance and later processes it with computer graphics to create a final image (圖像)。”可知，“人猿”背后的創(chuàng)作團隊利用動作捕捉技術(shù)創(chuàng)造數(shù)字化的動物，在記錄演員表演的技術(shù)上，花費數(shù)千萬美元，然后用電腦圖形處理,以產(chǎn)生最終的影像。由此可知,第二段主要是關(guān)于數(shù)字化人猿的創(chuàng)造。故選B項

45、。26.詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第三段劃線前的句子“One nonprofit organization, which monitors the treatment or animals in filmed entertainment(一個非營利組織，監(jiān)控動物在電影娛樂中的待遇）以及下文Already， a number of films, including ”Water for Elephants，” The Hangover Part and Zookeeper，” have drawn the anger of activists who say the creatures acting in

46、 them havent been treated properly。（許多電影,包括“大象的眼淚”，“宿醉”和“管理員”，引起了動物保護人士的憤怒，他們說影片中的動物沒有遭到很好的對待。）由此可知，其中一家監(jiān)控動物待遇的非營利組織，今年正密切關(guān)注著2000多部影片。由此判斷出，劃線詞的意思是“密切關(guān)注”.故選D項。27。推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段In some cases, its not so much the treatment of the animals on set in the studio that has activists worried; its the off-set t

47、raining and living conditions that are raising concerns. And there are questions about the films made outside the States， which sometimes are not monitored as closely as productions filmed in the Sates.(在某些情況下，讓活動人士擔(dān)心的并不是電影棚里對動物的待遇；讓人擔(dān)憂的是訓(xùn)練和生活條件。還有一些關(guān)于在美國以外拍攝的電影的問題，這些電影有時不像在美國拍攝的電影那樣受到嚴密的監(jiān)控。）可知，在某些情

48、況下，讓活動人士擔(dān)心的并不是工作室里動物的待遇；令人擔(dān)憂的是訓(xùn)練和生活條件.由此判斷出動物演員可能受到虐待。故選A項。Passage 2【真題自測】【2016全國卷1】 Grandparents Answer a CallAs a thirdgeneration native of Brownsville， Texas, Mildred Garza never planned to move away。Even when her daughter and son asked her to move to San Antonio to help with their children， she

49、politely refused.Only after a year of friendly discussion did Ms.Garza finally say yes.That was four years ago。Today all three generations regard the move as a success， giving them a closer relationship than they would have had in separate cities.No statistics show the number of grandparents like Ga

50、rza who are moving closer to adult children and grandchildren。 Yet there is evidence suggesting that the trend is growing.Even President Obamas motherinlaw, Marian Robinson, has agreed to leave Chicago and move into the White House to help care for her granddaughters. According to a study by ， 83 pe

51、rcent of the people said Mrs.Robinsons decision will influence grandparents in the American family。Twothirds believe more families will follow the example of Obamas family。“In the 1960s we were all a little wild and couldnt get away from home far enough or fast enough to prove we could do it on our

52、own,”says Christine Crosby, publisher of Grand， a magazine for grandparents. “We now realize how important family is and how important it is to be near them, especially when youre raising children.”Moving is not for everyone. Almost every grandparent wants to be with his or her grandchildren and is

53、willing to make sacrifices, but sometimes it is wiser to say no and visit frequently instead。Having your grandchildren far away is hard， especially knowing your adult child is struggling， but giving up the life you know may be harder。5Why was Garzas move a success？AIt strengthened her family ties。BI

54、t improved her living conditions。CIt enabled her to make more friends。DIt helped her know more new places.6What was the reaction of the public to Mrs.Robinsons decision?A17% expressed their support for it.BFew people responded sympathetically。C83% believed it had a bad influence.DThe majority though

55、t it was a trend.7What did Crosby say about people in the 1960s？AThey were unsure of themselves。BThey were eager to raise more children。CThey wanted to live away from their parents.DThey had little respect for their grandparents。8What does the author suggest the grandparents do in the last paragraph

56、？AMake decisions in the best interests of their own.BAsk their children to pay more visits to them.CSacrifice for their struggling children.DGet to know themselves better.【答案】5A6D7C8A【解析】本文是一篇關(guān)于人與社會問題的報道類夾敘夾議文。通過描述部分祖父母選擇搬去和孩子們生活在一起，以便為孩子們提供幫助，引發(fā)更多人的選擇與思考。5細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“Today all three generations

57、 regard the move as a success， giving them a closer relationship than they would have had in separate cities.”可知這次搬家給他們帶來了更緊密的家庭聯(lián)系。故選A.6細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段結(jié)尾處“.。83 percent of the people said Mrs. Robinsons decision will influence grandparents in the American family。 Twothirds believe more families will foll

58、ow the example of Obamas family.”可知83的人認為Mrs。 Robinson的決定會影響美國家庭，2/3的人相信更多家庭會效仿,所以“多數(shù)人認為這是一種趨勢。故選D。7推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第一句“In the 1960s we were all a little wild and couldnt get away from home far enough or fast enough to prove we could do it on our own，”可知那時的人們一心希望離家越遠越好、越快越好。本題出錯主要原因在于考生對“cant。.enough表示越越

59、好”不熟悉，而按字面理解成了“沒能力離家足夠遠”。故選C.8推理判斷題。第四段首句“Moving is not for everyone”已經(jīng)說明“移居并非適合每一個人”，再結(jié)合下文“Having yourgrandchildren far away is hard， especially knowing your adult child is struggling, but giving up the life you know may be harder。”可知“（祖父母）得知孩子們在異地艱苦的生活，是很難過的,但（祖父母）放棄自己熟悉的生活也許會更難過”，所以推斷出作者建議“作選擇時要慎

60、重，要以自己最大的需求為衡量標(biāo)準”。故選A?！军c睛】社會現(xiàn)象類的文本是備考的重要部分，此類文本不僅要求學(xué)生讀懂事實信息,還要理解作者的意圖態(tài)度。所以備考中注意掃清用詞句式等閱讀障礙，更要教會學(xué)生讀懂字里行間話外之音。題目設(shè)置上既關(guān)注細節(jié)信息，又關(guān)注推理判斷和觀點態(tài)度。Passage 3【新題模擬】（2021山西太原市高三期末） Ant Forest， a green initiative by the worlds leading payment and lifestyle platform Alipay， received the “U.N。 Champions of the Earth”