大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四六級(jí)英語(yǔ)段落翻譯：中國(guó)文化特色詞

1、PAGE 中國(guó)文化常見(jiàn)翻譯風(fēng)水 Fengshui; geomantic omen陽(yáng)歷 Solar calendar陰歷 Lunar calendar閏年 leap year十二生肖zodiac春節(jié) the Spring Festival元宵節(jié) the Lantern Festival清明節(jié) the Tomb-sweeping Day端午節(jié) the Dragon-boat Festival中秋節(jié) the Mid-autumn Day重陽(yáng)節(jié) the Double-ninth Day七夕節(jié) the Double-seventh Day春聯(lián) spring couplets廟會(huì) temple fair爆

2、竹 firecracker年畫(huà)(traditional) New Year pictures壓歲錢 New Year gift-money舞龍dragon dance元宵 sweet sticky rice dumplings花燈 festival lantern燈謎 lantern riddle舞獅 lion dance踩高蹺 stilt walking賽龍舟 dragon boat race胡同hutong山東菜 Shandong cuisine川菜 Sichuan cuisine粵菜 Canton cuisine揚(yáng)州菜 Yangzhou cuisine月餅 moon cake年糕 ric

3、e cake油條 deep-fried dough sticks豆?jié){ soybean milk饅頭 steamed buns花卷 steamed twisted rolls包子 steamed stuffed buns北京烤鴨 Beijing roast duck拉面 hand-stretched noodles餛飩 wonton (dumplings in soup)豆腐 tofu? bean curd麻花 fried dough twist燒餅 clay oven rolls皮蛋 100-year egg; century egg蛋炒飯 fried rice with egg糖葫蘆 tom

4、atoes on sticks火鍋hot pot長(zhǎng)城 the Great Wall of China烽火臺(tái) beacon tower秦士臺(tái)皇陵 the Mausoleum of Emperor Qinshihuang兵馬俑 Terracotta Warriors and Horses大雁塔 Big Wild Goose Pagoda絲綢之路the Silk Road敦煌莫高窟M(jìn)ogao Grottoes華清池 Huaqing Hot Springs五臺(tái)山Wutai Mountain九華山 Jiuhua Mountain蛾眉山Mount Emei泰山 Mount Tai黃山 Mount Huan

5、gshan; the Yellow Mountain故宮 the Imperial Palace天壇 the Temple of Heaven午門 Meridian Gate大運(yùn)河 Grand Canal護(hù)城河the Moat回音壁Echo Wall居庸關(guān) Juyongguan Pass九龍壁 the Nine Dragon Wall黃帝陵 the Mausoleum of Emperor Huangdi十三陵 the Ming Tombs蘇州園林 Suzhou gardens西湖 West Lake九寨溝 Jiuzhaigou Valley日月潭 Sun Moon Lake布達(dá)拉宮Potal

6、a Palace鼓樓 drum tower四合院 quadrangle; courtyard complex孔廟 Confucius Temple樂(lè)山大佛 Leshan Giant Buddha十八羅漢 the Eighteen Disciples of the Buddha喇嘛L(fēng)ama轉(zhuǎn)世靈重 reincarnated soul boy 中藥 traditional Chinese medicine黃帝內(nèi)經(jīng)Emperor Huangdi，s Canon of Traditional Chinese Medicine神農(nóng)本草經(jīng)Shennong，s Herbal Classic本草綱目Compe

7、ndium of Materia Medica針灸 acupuncture推拿 medical massage切脈 feeling the pulse五禽戲 five-animal exercises舊石器時(shí)代 the Paleolithic Age新石器時(shí)代 the Neolithic Age; New Stone Age母系氏族社會(huì) matriarchal clan society封建的feudal朝代 dynasty秦朝 Qin Dynasty漢朝 Han Dynasty唐朝 Tang Dynasty宋朝 Song Dynasty元朝 Yuan Dynasty明朝 Ming Dynast

8、y清朝 Qing Dynasty秦士臺(tái)皇帝 Emperor Qinshihuang; the First Emperor of Qin皇太后 Empress Dowager漢高祖劉邦 Liu Bang, Emperor Hangaozu, founder of the Han Dynasty成吉思汗Genghis Khan春秋時(shí)期 the Spring and Autumn Period文成公主 Tang Princess Wencheng慈禧太后 Empress Dowager Ci Xi皇帝，君主 emperor; monarch諸侯vassal皇妃 imperial concubine丞

9、相，宰相 prime minister太監(jiān) court eunuch少數(shù)民族 ethnic minority祭祀 offer sacrifices西域 the Western Regions戰(zhàn)國(guó) the Warring States中華文明 Chinese civilization文明的搖籃 cradle of civilization秦始皇統(tǒng)一中國(guó) unification of the country by Emperor Qinshihuang鴉片戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)the Opium War太平天國(guó) the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom戌戌變法 the Reform Movement

10、 of 1898辛亥革命 the 1911 Revolution新民主主義革命 New-democratic Revolution五四運(yùn)動(dòng) the May 4th Movement of 1919南昌起義 Nanchang Uprising918 事變 September 18th Incident長(zhǎng)征 the Long March西安事變 Xian Incident南京大屠殺Nanjing Massacre抗日戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng) the War of Resistance Against Japan毛澤東 Mao Tse-tong孫中山 Sun Yat-sen蔣介石 Chiang Kai-shek國(guó)民黨

11、Kuomingtang中華人民共和國(guó) the Peoples Republic of China (PRC)滿族 Manchu蒙古人Mongol士大夫 scholar-officials學(xué)者 scholar詩(shī)人 poet政治家statesman社會(huì)地位social status中國(guó)社會(huì)詞匯多元文化論 cultural pluralism 文化適應(yīng) acculturation 社會(huì)保障 social security 班車 shuttle bus相定遷戶 a relocated unit or household 大齡青年 single youth above the normal matrim

12、onial age獨(dú)生子女 the only child in a family 單親 single parent 福利彩票 welfare lotteries 家政服務(wù) household management service 民工 migrant laborers 名人 celebrity農(nóng)村剩余勞動(dòng)力 surplus rural labor/laborers 青春期 puberty全民健身運(yùn)動(dòng) nationwide fitness campaign 全國(guó)人口普查 nationwide census 社會(huì)保險(xiǎn) social insurance 暫住證 temporary residence

13、 permit/card 青少年犯罪 juvenile delinquency 性騷擾 sexual harassment 走私 smuggling*性另歧視 gender/sexual discrimination 年齡歧視 age discrimination 工作歧視 job discrimination 享樂(lè)主義hedonism 文盲 illiteracy貧富分化 disparity between the rich and the poor 盜版 pirated/illegal copies 一國(guó)兩制 One Country, Two Systems 三個(gè)代表 the Three R

14、epresents Theory 兩會(huì)（人大、政協(xié)）Two Conferences (NPC and CPPCC)南南合作 South-South Cooperation南北對(duì)話 North-South Dialog人大常委會(huì) Peoples Congress Standing Committee法制觀念 awareness of law法制國(guó)家 a country with an adequate legal system改革開(kāi)放 reform and opening-up公務(wù)員 civil servants官僚主義作風(fēng) the bureaucratic style of work 和諧并存

15、 harmonious coexistence 計(jì)劃生育 family planning計(jì)劃生育基本國(guó)策 the basic state policy of family planning4青才申文明建設(shè) the construction of spiritual civilization 居委會(huì) neighborhood committee科教興國(guó) national rejuvenation through science and education 可持續(xù)發(fā)展 sustainable development 廉潔高效 honesty and high efficiency 兩岸關(guān)系 cro

16、ss-straits relations 兩岸談判 cross-straits negotiations 領(lǐng) 土完整 territorial integrity 民族精神 national spirit 普選制 general election system求同存異 seek common ground while shelving differences 人大代表NPC member物質(zhì)文明和精神文明 material and spiritual civilization小康社會(huì) a well-off society小康水平 a well-off standard一個(gè)中國(guó)原則 the one

17、-China principle與時(shí)俱進(jìn) keep pace with the times綜合國(guó)力 overall national strength共同愿望common desire“走出去”（戰(zhàn)略）going global不結(jié)盟 non-alignment單邊主義 unilateralism多邊政策 multilateralism多極世界 multipolar world人 口 老齡化 aging of population人口出生率birth rate社區(qū)月服務(wù) community service道德法庭 court of ethics盜用公款embezzlement成人夜校 night

18、 school for adults在職進(jìn)修班 on-job training courses政治思想教育 political and ideological education畢業(yè)生分酉己 graduate placement; assignment of graduate充電 update ones knowledge初等教育 elementary education大學(xué)城 college town大學(xué)社區(qū) college community高等教育 higher education高等教育“211 工程” the “211 Project” for higher education高等學(xué)

19、府 institution of higher education綜合性大學(xué) comprehensive university文科院校 colleges of (liberal) arts理工科大學(xué) college / university of science and engineering師范學(xué)院 teachers college; normal college高分低能 high scores and low abilities高考(university/college) entrance examination高校擴(kuò)招 the college expansion plan教育界 educ

20、ation circle教育投入 input in education九年義務(wù)教育 nine-year compulsory education考研 take the entrance exams for postgraduate schools課外活動(dòng) extracurricular activities必修課 required/compulsory course 選修課 elective/optional course 基礎(chǔ)課 basic courses 專業(yè)課 specialized courses 課程表 school schedule 教學(xué)大綱 teaching program; s

21、yllabus 學(xué)習(xí)年限 period of schooling 學(xué)歷 record of formal schooling 學(xué)分 credit啟發(fā)式教學(xué) heuristic teaching 人才交流 talent exchange 人才戰(zhàn) competition for talented people 商務(wù)英語(yǔ)證書(shū) Business English Certificate (BEC) 適齡兒重入學(xué)率 enrollment rate for children of school age升學(xué)率 proportion of students entering schools of a highe

22、r grade; enrollment rate碩博連讀 a continuous academic project that involves postgraduate and doctoral study 素質(zhì)教育 quality-oriented education 填鴨式教學(xué) cramming method of teaching 希望工程Project Hope 走讀生 extern; non-resident student 住宿生boarder研究生 graduate student; post-graduate (student)應(yīng)屆畢業(yè)生 graduating student

23、; current years graduate校園數(shù)字化 campus digitalization校園文化 campus culture學(xué)漢語(yǔ)熱 enthusiasm in learning Chinese學(xué)歷教育 education with record of formal schooling學(xué)齡兒重school-ager學(xué)前教育 preschool education學(xué)生減負(fù) alleviate the burden on students應(yīng)試教育 exam-oriented education職業(yè)道德 work ethics; professional ethics爺己者招待會(huì)pr

24、ess conference國(guó)家教委 State Education Commission國(guó)家統(tǒng)計(jì)局 State Statistical Bureau職業(yè)培訓(xùn)job training職業(yè)文盲 functional illiterate智力引進(jìn) recruit/introduce (foreign) talents智商 intelligence quotient (IQ)助學(xué)行動(dòng) activity to assist the impoverished students 網(wǎng)絡(luò)世界cyber world 網(wǎng)絡(luò)文化cyber culture 網(wǎng)絡(luò)犯罪cyber crime 網(wǎng)上購(gòu)物 online sh

25、opping 高產(chǎn)優(yōu)質(zhì) high yield and high quality 高科技園 high-tech park 工業(yè)園區(qū) industrial park火炬計(jì)劃 Torch Program (a plan to develop new and high technology)信息港info port 信息革命 information revolution 電子貨幣e-currency 人工智能 artificial intelligence (AI)生物技術(shù) bio-technology 克隆 cloning基因工程 genetic engineering轉(zhuǎn)基因食品 genetical

26、ly modified food (GM food)試管嬰兒 test-tube baby基因哭變 genetic mutation網(wǎng)絡(luò)出版e-publishing三維電影 three-dimensional movie光谷 optical valley虛擬銀行virtual bank信息化 informationization信息高速公路 information superhighway新興學(xué)科 new branch of science; emerging discipline納米 nanometer個(gè)人數(shù)字助理 personal digital assistant (PDA)生態(tài)農(nóng)業(yè) e

27、nvironment-friendly agriculture技術(shù)密集產(chǎn)品 technology-intensive product數(shù)碼科技 digital technology同步衛(wèi)星 geostationary satellite神舟五號(hào)載人飛船 manned spacecraft Shenzhou V風(fēng)云二號(hào)氣象衛(wèi)星 Fengyun II meteorological satellite登月艙 lunar module多任務(wù)小衛(wèi)星 small multi-mission satellite (SMMS)多媒體短信服務(wù) Multimedia Messaging Service ( MMS)

28、電子商務(wù) e-business; e-commerce 電子管理e-management 辦公自動(dòng)化 Office Automation (OA)信息高地 information highland信息檢索 information retrieval電話會(huì)議 teleconference無(wú)土栽培 soilless cultivation超級(jí)雜交水稻super-hybrid rice科技發(fā)展 scientific and technological advancement重點(diǎn)項(xiàng)目key project國(guó)家重點(diǎn)工程 national key projects南水北調(diào) South-to-North water diversion 西電東送 West-East electricity transmission project 西氣東輸 West-East natural gas transmission project 網(wǎng)絡(luò)造謠 fabricating online rumors 惡意侵害他人名譽(yù) maliciously harming the reputation of others停止月服務(wù) closure/shutdown of service 公司歇業(yè) closure of business 道路封閉road closure人為操作差錯(cuò) man-made operational