2022年電大現(xiàn)代教師學(xué)導(dǎo)論期末模擬考試試題及答案

1、中央廣播電視大學(xué)現(xiàn)代教師學(xué)導(dǎo)論 試題一、選擇題（在下列每小題的四個選項中只有一個是正確的，請選出并將題號填入括弧之中。每小題2分，共計20分） 1教師要因人而宜、因材施教，這是由教師勞動對象的( B )決定的。 A未成熟性 B差異性 C主動性 D向師性 2下列哪一個不是師生關(guān)系的特點？( C ) A對象的限定性 B關(guān)系的規(guī)范性 C學(xué)生的被動性 D教師的主導(dǎo)性 3在師生沖突過程中，教師的體罰往往導(dǎo)致學(xué)生的( A )。 A報復(fù) B逃避C順從 D自尊 4許多教師認為，(B )是熱愛學(xué)生的較高層次的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。 A了解學(xué)生 B尊重學(xué)生 C喜歡學(xué)生 D懲罰學(xué)生 5從某種角度看，教育觀念可以分為兩類：一類是社會

2、所倡導(dǎo)的教育觀念，另一類是( D )。 A價值性的教育觀念 B操作性的教育觀念 C多數(shù)人所采用的教育觀念 D個體所采用的教育觀念 6“多一把評價的尺子，就多出一批人才?！边@句話的意思是，教師必須具有(C )。 A一元化的人才觀 B以智育為核心的人才觀 C多元化的人才觀 D以德育為核心的人才觀 7小學(xué)教師進行教育教學(xué)科研是(A )。 A可行的，是提高教學(xué)能力的有效途徑 B有意義的，但對教學(xué)能力沒有提高 C沒有必要，小學(xué)教師的主要職責(zé)是教好學(xué)生 D當(dāng)今教育界所不提倡的 8對兩個需要都想得到滿足時，使人因迫于情勢，不能兩者得兼，從而在心理上產(chǎn)生難于取舍的沖突情境是( A )。 A.雙趨沖突 B雙避沖

3、突 C趨避沖突 D正負沖突 9在教師的培養(yǎng)體制中，所謂非定向型培養(yǎng)是指( B )。 A不設(shè)專業(yè)不分科 B非師范學(xué)校培養(yǎng) C不確定發(fā)展方向 D不事先聯(lián)系工作單位 10教師對自己進行生涯設(shè)計( D )。 A.只能在開始工作時 B在有了成功的愿望后 C在快要退休時 D在發(fā)展過程中隨時可以二、簡答題（每小題10分，共計30分）1簡述現(xiàn)代教師道德素養(yǎng)的重要作用。(1)對學(xué)生的教育作用；(3分) (2)在教師勞動過程中的調(diào)節(jié)作用；（3分） (3)對社會生活的影響作用；(2分) (4)對自身人格的陶冶作用。（2分）2現(xiàn)代教師應(yīng)該具備的知識結(jié)構(gòu)是怎樣的？(1)本體性知識，即教師所具有的特定的學(xué)科知識，如語文知

4、識、數(shù)學(xué)知識等，這是人們所普遍熟知的一種教師知識； (2)條件性知識，即個體在什么時候、為什么以及在何種條件下才能更好地運用陳述性知識和程序性知識的一種知識類型，也就是具體的教育科學(xué)知識；(3分) (3)實踐性知識，即教師在實現(xiàn)教學(xué)目的的行為中所具有的課堂情景知識以及與之相關(guān)的知識；（2分） (4)文化知識，即教師需要具備廣博的文化知識，博采眾長，以實現(xiàn)教育的文化功能。3簡答造成教師職業(yè)倦怠的因素。(1)職業(yè)因素：教師是一種多應(yīng)激的職業(yè)。教師教書育人、責(zé)任重大。教師既承受著外在期望的壓力又面對內(nèi)在的角色沖突，加上期望與現(xiàn)實的差距及職業(yè)的低造創(chuàng)性，使教師容易產(chǎn)生職業(yè)倦怠問題；（3分） (2)工作

5、環(huán)境：包括教學(xué)情境、組織氣氛等；（3分） (3)個人因素：比如人格特征、社會能力的知覺等；(2分) (4)社會因素。（2分）三、論述題 試述教師職業(yè)生涯周期的主要階段及特點。1準(zhǔn)備期：職業(yè)準(zhǔn)備期是指教師從事教育工作以前的階段，是接受教育和學(xué)習(xí)的階段。這個階段的活動是學(xué)習(xí)，包括在基礎(chǔ)教育階段的學(xué)習(xí)和專業(yè)階段的學(xué)習(xí)。這個階段的學(xué)習(xí)，對他們成為教師或者成為一個什么樣的教師是大有影響的。這一階段的老師被稱為新任教師。（5分） 2適應(yīng)期：職業(yè)適應(yīng)期是教師走上工作崗位，由沒有實踐體驗到初步適應(yīng)教育教學(xué)工作，具備最基本、最起碼的教育教學(xué)能力和其他素質(zhì)的階段。這一階段的主要矛盾是，實現(xiàn)從書本知識到實際操作，從

6、間接經(jīng)驗到直接經(jīng)驗的轉(zhuǎn)化，解決適應(yīng)實際工作和環(huán)境所需要的基本功的矛盾。經(jīng)過這一階段，一個新任教師可以達到合格教師。（5分） 3發(fā)展期：發(fā)展期是教師在初步適應(yīng)教育教學(xué)工作后，繼續(xù)在教育教學(xué)實踐中鍛煉自己的教育教學(xué)能力和素質(zhì)，使之達到熟練的程度的時期。這一時期的主要矛盾是學(xué)生和學(xué)校對教師提出的更高的素質(zhì)要求與教師的實際素質(zhì)還不熟練之間的矛盾。經(jīng)過這個階段，一個合格教師就成了骨干教師。（5分） 4創(chuàng)造期：職業(yè)創(chuàng)造期是教師開始由固定的常規(guī)的自動化的工作進入到開始探索和創(chuàng)新的時期，是形成自己的獨到見解和教學(xué)風(fēng)格的時期。經(jīng)過這個階段，骨干教師可以成為專家教師。四、分析題 “超等教師” 一位有20多年教齡的

7、教師說：“在大部分的教學(xué)生涯中，我都以超等教師的角色來約束我自己。我要盡我所能做個好教師。可是有時由于灰心和厭倦，我也會擱下我的角色，而出以自己原來的面目。此時，我與學(xué)生的關(guān)系就變得比較接近和親密?？墒沁@又使我擔(dān)憂。因為過去人家告訴我要與學(xué)生保持距離，說親密產(chǎn)生輕蔑，學(xué)生把自己看得太清就難以控制他們。擔(dān)憂歸擔(dān)憂。一旦擱下自己的角色，就能夠教得好，學(xué)生學(xué)得也好。有時候，學(xué)生有令人不快的言行，我就又重新拾起教師的角色，以維持秩序。多年來，我就在這兩端之間游移不定?！?問題：分析以上事例中教師角色沖突的原因，幫助他提出解決沖突的辦法。 答題思路： 1在現(xiàn)代社會條件下，現(xiàn)代的教師應(yīng)該具備哪些角色？我們

8、認為，應(yīng)該具備多種角色，比如學(xué)生的診斷師、學(xué)習(xí)的指導(dǎo)者、學(xué)生生活與心理的輔導(dǎo)者、評價者與激勵者、學(xué)生的管理者、研究者、教育共同體的協(xié)調(diào)員和不斷進取的人等。（9分） 2一個現(xiàn)代教師發(fā)揮著多種角色的作用，此外，他還作為一個人而承擔(dān)著其他家庭的和社會的角色，當(dāng)這些不同的角色之間發(fā)生矛盾時，就產(chǎn)生了角色的沖突。教師因為不能同時滿足兩種以上的角色期望、履行不同的角色行為而出現(xiàn)的矛盾，就是教師的角色沖突。教師的角色沖突種類很多，主要有兩種：一種是角色間的沖突，一種是角色內(nèi)的沖突。以上事例所表現(xiàn)的就是這個情況。（8分） 3教師的角色沖突是難免的，它的產(chǎn)生也是有原因的，但也不是不可避免的。比如針對在一定的時間

9、內(nèi)扮演不同的角色的情況，教師自身應(yīng)該盡可能做好計劃，做好安排，統(tǒng)籌兼顧。而在中國特殊的文化情景中，由于我們的教師一直受著“師道尊嚴(yán)”的思想意識的影響，在學(xué)生面前往往更容易端著教師的“架子”不下來，就像這個例子中的老師一樣。唯一的解決辦法，就是放下“架子”，不僅單純要做學(xué)生的管理者，而且更要做學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)的指導(dǎo)者、學(xué)生生活與心理的輔導(dǎo)者、評價者與激勵者等等。這師生關(guān)系才能融洽，自己的心情才能愉快和輕松。（8分）O(_)O謝謝！2015年中央電大期末復(fù)習(xí)考試小抄大全，電大期末考試必備小抄，電大考試必過小抄Shanghais Suzhou Creek has witnessed much of the

10、citys history. Zhou Wenting travels this storied body of water and finds its most fascinating spots. Some lucky cities can boast a great body of water, like London with the river Thames and Paris with the river Seine. Shanghai is privileged enough to have two great bodies of water: Huangpu River and

11、 Suzhou Creek.Huangpu River became famous when colonists established clusters of grand buildings on its banks on what became known as the bund. Today, the bund overlooks the breathtaking skyline of Lujiazui financial district. Shanghais other body of water, however, Suzhou Creek, has been somewhat o

12、vershadowed. Suzhou Creek links the inland cities of Jiangsu province with Shanghai. When the British colonists, who arrived in the city after it was opened as a commercial port in 1843 found they could reach Suzhou, Jiangsu province, via the creek, they named it Suzhou Creek. Thanks to its location

13、, a large amount of cargo and travelers were transported via the creek before rail links were established. But after a century of being utilized as a waterway to transport goods and labor, the creek grew dark and smelly. Industrial factories were established along the banks. In the 1990s it became a

14、 key task of the city government to clean the creek. Suzhou Creek, which snakes 17 km from the iconic Waibaidu Bridge downtown to the outer ring road in west Shanghai, maps the changing periods of the citys history, including the imprints of the concessions, the beginning of industrialization and th

15、e improvement in peoples living conditions. Where the Bund began In-between the shopping street of East Nanjing Road and the Bund, are a cluster of streets that give me the illusion that I am no longer in modern Shanghai. The streets are narrow and old and criss-cross each other. Any old residential

16、 house may turn out to be a former office of the British, constructed in the 1880s. Pawnshops and hardware stores that are hard to find elsewhere, are plentiful here. This area, at the confluence of Huangpu River and Suzhou Creek, is called the Bund Origin. Countless tour buses stop at the site ever

17、y day and visitors from around the world get off to see this place, the starting point of the concessions in the city. It all started in 1872, when the former British Consulate General was constructed and the Bund began its transformation into an the financial street of the East. Now the site of the

18、 former consulate is called “No 1 Waitanyuan”, which translates to “the Bund Origin”, to honor its beginnings. The entire complex of this historical site comprises of five buildings, the former British Consulate General, the official residence of the consul, the former Union Church, the church apart

19、ments and the former Shanghai Rowing Club. The size of the courtyard is equivalent to that of four standard soccer fields. The building of the former consulate is a two-storey masonry building on an H-shaped plan in typical English renaissancestyle. The building is designed with a five-arch verandah

20、 on the ground floor with a raised terrace facing the garden, while the facade features an entry portico beneath a colonnaded loggia. It has been turned into a caf where dinner and afternoonteaare available. Visitors can choose to sit indoors or outdoors to enjoy the magnificent gardens with nearly

21、30 ancient trees.Yuanmingyuan Road behind the complex is also a historical site. The road has been revamped as a pedestrian shopping street and high-end brands have seized the best spots. Altogether, 14 old buildings, including those used for offices and residences constructed during 1920s and 1930s

22、, remain. Today, it is a popular location for commercialfashionphoto shoots. New Tianan Church, or Union Church, stands at the intersection of Yuanmingyuan Road and Suzhou Creek. The church, designed in the style of the English countryside, has a capacity of 500 people. It was very popular during th

23、e concession period but was converted into factory offices after 1949. The church we see today is a replica, the original burned down in 2007. There used to be an outdoor swimming pool, the first of its kind in Shanghai, beside the church but has been filled-in and is now a small garden. Bridge of r

24、omance There is perhaps no other place thats more representative of Shanghai than this bridge, which appears in quite a lot ofmovies about the city. Dozens of couples visit every day to pose for their pre-wedding photos on the bridge where Suzhou Creek begins and interconnects with Huangpu River. Th

25、is is Waibaidu Bridge, or the Garden Bridge. The soon-to-be-wed couples pose in splendid attire on the bridge, leaning against the railing or sitting on the wooden floor. Some even risk walking into the middle of the road to get the perfect shot.Colorful lights illuminate the bridge throughout the n

26、ight, making it a picturesque place for pre-wedding portraits and lovers to meet. Constructed in 1873 and designed by a British company, the 106-meter-long bridge was the first-ever major bridge in Shanghai. In 1856, the first large wooden bridge, Wells Bridge, was built over Suzhou Creek but the br

27、idge toll led to complaints from citizens. So 17 years later, another wooden bridge, which did not require tolls, was built. People called it Waibaidu, which means “going across for free”. The bridge was renovated as a steel truss structure in 1907. Because nearly 40 bridges have now been built over

28、 Suzhou Creek, the bridge is no longer a traffic artery but is more of an observation deck for tourists. It is a tradition in Shanghai for a grandmother to walk across a bridge with their grandchild when he or she reaches one month. This represents that the newborn has overcome all the twists and tu

29、rns and its journey will be safe and smooth throughout his or her life. Waibaidu Bridge is always the best option because its the icon of Shanghai. The picture of my daughter when she was a baby held by her grandmother was also taken here. Its like a family tradition, says Wang Xuefen, a Shanghai na

30、tive who has a newborn grandson. Changning Riverside There is a 5-km stretch of waterfront by Suzhou Creek in Changning district on Changning Road from the intersection of Hami Road to Jiangsu Road. It has become a popular place to take a walk and sunbathe on the lawn. There is an overpass at the in

31、tersection of Changning Road and Gubei Road for people to enjoy the view of the creek and a 3-km plastic runway on both sides of Changning Road, which attracts people of all ages, Chinese and expat. Jogging on the two sides gives a different feeling because the north side is next to the creek, and t

32、he south side is adjacent to the residential highrises, which is like jogging in the jungle, says Xiao Xu, a 27-year-old woman who lives nearby. The riverside used to be completely different. Dozens of textile mills, chemical plants and machine manufacturing factories were set up along the creek in

33、the 1920s. They brought industrialization but also pollution. From the 1930s the creek could no longer be used as a source for tap water, and no living fish or shrimp could be found. Suzhou Creek in my memory is dark and smelly. I used to go to the riverbank to watch the sewage disposal running out

34、from the chemical plants when I was a little girl. We didnt know it was pollution. We thought it was a red waterfall, says Huang Qi, a 57-year-old Shanghai resident. So the residential houses along the creek were unpopular, and only migrants with low incomes would live in that area, she says. Howeve

35、r, things have changed. The plants were closed and turned into riverside parks and the apartments in the new highrises, especially those facing the creek, are much sought after. East China University of Political Science and Law This is the famous former Saint Johns University, Chinas first-ever mod

36、ern institution of higher education established by missionaries from the United States in 1879. The buildings combine Chinese and Western elements. Address: 1575 Wanhangdu Road, Changning district The old residential area After you leave the university from its east gate you will enter a shabby neig

37、hborhood that retains its original look. The alleys are narrow and the houses are overcrowded. Some things have not changed for many generations, such as raising chickens at home. Address: West Guangfu Road Moganshan Road This is anartsy street that has become very popular among artists and fashioni

38、stas in recent years. Graffiti covers the walls on the winding street, where you can find a cluster of art galleries and creative industry offices. Sihang Warehouse Four banks jointly funded the construction of this warehouse, so it is named sihang, or four banks. The warehouse, built in 1931, was u

39、sed for the storage of food, first-aid supplies and ammunition during the years of war. The building, which is also a masterpiece left by the Hungarian architect Laszlo Hudec in the 1930s, has been recently transformed into a center of creative industry workshops. Address: 1 Guangfu Road, Zhabei dis

40、trict袁節(jié)膅薂羄肅蒃薁蚃芀荿薀螆肅芅蕿袈羋膁蚈羀肁蒀蚇蝕襖莆蚇螂肀莂蚆羅袂羋蚅蚄膈膄蚄螇羈蒂蚃衿膆莈螞羈罿芄螁蟻膄膀螁螃羇葿螀裊膃蒅蝿肈羆莁螈螇芁芇莄袀肄膃莄羂艿蒂莃螞肂莈蒂螄羋芄蒁袆肀膀蒀罿袃薈葿螈聿蒄葿袁羈莀蒈羃膇芆蕆蚃羀膂蒆螅膅蒁薅袇羈莇薄罿膄芃薃蠆羆艿薃袁節(jié)膅薂羄肅蒃薁蚃芀荿薀螆肅芅蕿袈羋膁蚈羀肁蒀蚇蝕襖莆蚇螂肀莂蚆羅袂羋蚅蚄膈膄蚄螇羈蒂蚃衿膆莈螞羈罿芄螁蟻膄膀螁螃羇葿螀裊膃蒅蝿肈羆莁螈螇芁芇莄袀肄膃莄羂艿蒂莃螞肂莈蒂螄羋芄蒁袆肀膀蒀罿袃薈葿螈聿蒄葿袁羈莀蒈羃膇芆蕆蚃羀膂蒆螅膅蒁薅袇羈莇襖羋蕆袇螀芇蕿蝕聿芆艿蒃肅芅蒁螈羈芄薃薁袆芃芃螆螂芃蒞蕿肁節(jié)蒈螅羇莁薀薈袃莀艿螃蝿荿莂薆膈莈薄袁

41、肄莇蚆蚄羀莇莆袀袆羃蒈螞螂羂薁袈肀肁芀蟻羆肁莃袆袂肀薅蠆袈聿蚇蒂膇肈莇螇肅肇葿薀罿肆薂螆裊肅芁薈螁膅莃螄聿膄蒆薇羅膃蚈螂羈膂莈蚅袇膁蒀袀螃膀薂蚃肂腿節(jié)衿羈腿莄螞襖羋蕆袇螀芇蕿蝕聿芆艿蒃肅芅蒁螈羈芄薃薁袆芃芃螆螂芃蒞蕿肁節(jié)蒈螅羇莁薀薈袃莀艿螃蝿荿莂薆膈莈薄袁肄莇蚆蚄羀莇莆袀袆羃蒈螞螂羂薁袈肀肁芀蟻羆肁莃袆袂肀薅蠆袈聿蚇蒂膇肈莇螇肅肇葿薀罿肆薂螆裊肅芁薈螁膅莃螄聿膄蒆薇羅膃蚈螂羈膂莈蚅袇膁蒀袀螃膀薂蚃肂腿節(jié)衿羈腿莄螞襖羋蕆袇螀芇蕿蝕聿芆艿蒃肅芅蒁螈羈芄薃薁袆芃芃螆螂芃蒞蕿肁節(jié)蒈螅羇莁薀薈袃莀艿螃蝿荿莂薆膈莈薄袁肄莇蚆蚄羀莇莆袀袆羃蒈螞螂羂薁袈肀肁芀蟻羆肁莃袆袂肀薅蠆袈聿蚇蒂膇肈莇螇肅肇葿薀罿肆薂螆

42、裊肅芁薈螁膅莃螄聿膄蒆薇羅膃蚈螂羈膂莈蚅袇膁蒀袀螃膀薂蚃肂腿節(jié)衿羈腿莄螞襖羋蕆袇螀芇蕿蝕聿芆艿蒃肅芅蒁螈羈芄薃薁袆芃芃螆螂芃蒞蕿肁節(jié)蒈螅羇莁薀薈袃莀艿螃蝿荿莂薆膈莈薄袁肄莇蚆蚄羀莇莆袀袆羃蒈螞螂羂薁袈肀肁芀蟻羆肁莃袆袂肀薅蠆袈聿蚇蒂膇肈莇螇肅肇葿薀罿肆薂螆裊肅芁薈螁膅莃螄聿膄蒆薇羅膃蚈螂羈膂莈蚅袇膁蒀袀螃膀薂蚃肂腿節(jié)衿羈腿莄螞襖羋蕆袇螀芇蕿蝕聿芆艿蒃肅芅蒁螈羈芄薃薁袆芃芃螆螂芃蒞蕿肁節(jié)蒈螅羇莁薀薈袃莀艿螃蝿荿莂薆膈莈薄袁肄莇蚆蚄羀莇莆袀袆羃蒈螞螂羂薁袈肀肁芀蟻羆肁莃袆袂肀薅蠆袈聿蚇蒂膇肈莇螇肅肇葿薀罿肆薂螆裊肅芁薈螁膅莃螄聿膄蒆薇羅膃蚈螂羈膂莈蚅袇膁蒀袀螃膀薂蚃肂腿節(jié)衿羈腿莄螞襖羋蕆袇螀芇蕿蝕

43、聿芆艿蒃肅芅蒁螈羈芄薃薁袆芃芃螆螂芃蒞蕿肁節(jié)蒈螅羇莁薀薈袃莀艿螃蝿荿莂薆膈莈薄袁肄莇蚆蚄羀莇莆袀袆羃蒈螞螂羂薁袈肀肁芀蟻羆肁莃袆袂肀薅蠆袈聿蚇蒂膇肈莇螇肅肇葿薀罿肆薂螆裊肅芁薈螁膅莃螄聿膄蒆薇袁節(jié)膅薂羄肅蒃薁蚃芀荿薀螆肅芅蕿袈羋膁蚈羀肁蒀蚇蝕襖莆蚇螂肀莂蚆羅袂羋蚅蚄膈膄蚄螇羈蒂蚃衿膆莈螞羈罿芄螁蟻膄膀螁螃羇葿螀裊膃蒅蝿肈羆莁螈螇芁芇莄袀肄膃莄羂艿蒂莃螞肂莈蒂螄羋芄蒁袆肀膀蒀罿袃薈葿螈聿蒄葿袁羈莀蒈羃膇芆蕆蚃羀膂蒆螅膅蒁薅袇羈莇薄罿膄芃薃蠆羆艿薃袁節(jié)膅薂羄肅蒃薁蚃芀荿薀螆肅芅蕿袈羋膁蚈羀肁蒀蚇蝕襖莆蚇螂肀莂蚆羅袂羋蚅蚄膈膄蚄螇羈蒂蚃衿膆莈螞羈罿芄螁蟻膄膀螁螃羇葿螀裊膃蒅蝿肈羆莁螈螇芁芇莄袀肄膃莄羂艿蒂莃螞肂莈蒂螄羋芄蒁袆肀膀蒀罿