高中英語必修二 期末復(fù)習(xí)重難點知識集錦 Unit Cultural Heritage知識點

1、Unit 1 Cultural HeritagePart one Vocabulary1. former adj. 以前的； (兩者中）前者的former president 前總統(tǒng)former husband 前夫the former the latter 前者后者2. preserve vt. 保存；保護(hù)；維持n. 保護(hù)區(qū)preservefrom 保護(hù)免于3. promote vt. 促進(jìn)；提升；推銷；晉級promote sb. to 提升某人為4. take part in 參與（某事）； 參加（某活動）take part in = participate inplay a part i

2、n 參與5. give way to 讓步；屈服feel ones way 摸索著前進(jìn)；小心從事make ones way(to) （朝）前進(jìn)6. balance n. 平衡；均勻vt. 使平衡keep a balance between and 保持與之間的平衡balance A with/and B 同等重視/兼顧和7. lead to 導(dǎo)致lead sb. to 引導(dǎo)某人去（地方）lead sb. to do sth. 導(dǎo)致某人做某事8. proposal n. 提議；建議agree to sbs proposal 同意某人的建議9. likely adj. 可能的adv. 可能地be

3、likely to do 可能做某事10. turn to 向求助11. limit n. 限度；限制 vt. 限制；限定limit to 把限制在內(nèi)（to時介詞）There is a limit to 有對的限制12. loss n. 喪失；損失at a loss 茫然；不知所措loss of sight 失明lose vt. 失去be lost in 全神貫注；沉浸于13. contribution n. 捐款；貢獻(xiàn)；捐贈contribute vt. & vi. 捐獻(xiàn)；捐贈contribute to 為.捐獻(xiàn)/撰稿；導(dǎo)致；促成14. conduct n.行為；舉止；管理方法vt. 組織；安

4、排；帶領(lǐng)under the conduct of 在管理/指導(dǎo)下conduct sb. into/to 領(lǐng)某人進(jìn)入/到conduct sb. over/around 引導(dǎo)某人參觀15. donate vt. （尤指向慈善機(jī)構(gòu)）捐贈；贈送；獻(xiàn)（血）donate to 向捐贈16. attempt n. & vt. 企圖；試圖；嘗試attempt to do 努力/嘗試做make an attempt at 嘗試17. worthwhile adj. 值得做的；值得花時間的It is worthwhile doing/ to do sth. 值得做某事18. throughout prep. 各處

5、；遍及；自始至終throughout the world 遍及世界各地19. quality n. 質(zhì)量；品質(zhì)；素質(zhì)；特征 adj. 優(yōu)質(zhì)的；高質(zhì)量的be of good/high quality 高/好質(zhì)量20. tradition n. 傳統(tǒng)；傳統(tǒng)的信仰或風(fēng)俗traditional adj. 傳統(tǒng)的；慣例的It is a tradition to do sth. 做某事是一種傳統(tǒng)21. historic adj. 歷史上著名（或重要）的；有史時期的historical adj. （有關(guān)）歷史的；歷史題材的prehistoric adj. 史前的22. opinion n. 意見；想法；看法

6、in ones opinion 在某人看來have a good/ bad/ high/ low opinion of 對評價好/不好/高/低what is ones opinion (on/about)？ 某人（對）的看法是什么？be of the opinion that 相信；認(rèn)為23. comparison n. 比較；相比by /in comparison (with sb./ sth.) （與某人/某物）相比較a comparison of A and /to / with B A與B的比較24. contrast n. 對比；對照by contrast 對比之下，相反in con

7、trast to/ with 和形成對比，和對照Part two Grammar關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞指代對象例句that作主語或賓語指物1） It is Mount Taithat lies in Shandong Province.（作主語）2） That is the most interesting story (that) I have ever heard of.（作賓語）指人1） Who is the manthat is reading a book over there?（作主語）2） The girl (that) we saw yesterday is his sister.

8、（作賓語）which作主語或賓語指物1） My favorite place is Kunmingwhich is known as the Spring City.（作主語）2） This is the place (which) he would like to visit.（作賓語）who, whom，和whose分別作主語，賓語和定語（先行詞在主句和從句中都作賓語時用whom）指人1） The tall manwho is playing basketball is Yao Ming.（作主語）2） That is the girl (whom) I met at the party

9、yesterday.（作賓語）3） Is this the boywhose parents went to Canada last year.（作定語）when, where和，why分別作時間狀語，地點狀語和原因狀語1） I shall never forget the daywhen we first met in a park.（作時間狀語）2） My favorite city is Beijingwhere I can visit the Great Wall.（作地點狀語）3） This is the reasonwhy you should leave.（作原因狀語）注：tha

10、t和which都可指物，且在句中都可作主語和賓語，多數(shù)情況下可以互換。但在以下情況中，關(guān)系代詞只能用that，不能用which。1.先行詞既指人又指物。2.先行詞被all, every, any, little, only, much, no等不定代詞修飾時，或先行詞本身是all, much, everything, anything, no以及no構(gòu)成的復(fù)合詞。3.先行詞被形容詞最高級或序數(shù)詞修飾。4.先行詞被the only, the very, the last, the same修飾。5.有兩個或兩個以上分別表示人和物的先行詞。6.主句以who, what, which開頭的特殊疑問句

11、。關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的判定方法：關(guān)系副詞和關(guān)系代詞的選擇是根據(jù)先行詞在定語從句中做的成分。若是做狀語，則用關(guān)系副詞或“介詞+which”; 若是做主語和賓語，則用關(guān)系代詞。“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語從句：關(guān)系代詞做介詞的賓語時，為了使關(guān)系代詞與先行詞的關(guān)系詞更加緊湊，可以將從句中的介詞提前到關(guān)系代詞之前，形成“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)。該結(jié)構(gòu)中的關(guān)系代詞可用which或whom；介詞可以依據(jù)從句中的謂語的搭配、與先行詞的搭配或句子意義來確定。 Is this the car for which you paid a high price?這是你畫大價錢買的車嗎？（根據(jù)從句中謂語動詞pay的搭配來

12、定）注：（1）有些“動詞+介詞”短語，如 look for, look after, call on等不可拆開而把介詞置于關(guān)系代詞之前。（2）有時候“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”前還會有名詞、代詞等。The river, the bank of which are covered with trees, flows to the seas.定語從句需要注意的問題：1. as引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句時，常用于下列句式中：such+名詞+as像一樣的；the same+名詞+as 和同樣的。2.當(dāng)先行詞是time時，若time表示“次數(shù)”，應(yīng)用that引導(dǎo)定語從句，并且that可以省略；若time表示“一段時間”講

13、，應(yīng)用when或“at/during + which”引導(dǎo)定語從句。This is the second time（that）the president has visited the country.這是這位總統(tǒng)第二次訪問這個國家。This is at a time when/during which there were no radios，no telephones or no TV sets.這是在一個沒有收音機(jī)，沒有電話，也沒有電視機(jī)的時代。3.定語從句中的主謂一致當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞在從句中做主語時，從句中謂語動詞的數(shù)原則上要與先行詞保持一致，但要注意以下幾點：先行詞是“one of+復(fù)數(shù)名

14、詞”結(jié)構(gòu)時，關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句中的謂語動詞一般用復(fù)數(shù)形式；但如有the very，the only，the first，the last，the right 等修飾one時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。This is one of the most interesting questions that have been asked.這是被問過的最有意思的問題之一。4. stage表示“階段”，occasion表示“場合”，后接的定語從句既可接when也可接where。The baby has reached the stage when he can stand up.嬰兒到了能站立的階段了。Par

15、t three Sentence1. There comes a time when the old must give way to the new.there表示方位，位于句首，其后句子用倒裝；when引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞a time。there引起的完全倒裝句（1）表示地點的副詞 there，here位于句首時，其后用完全倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，即“There/Here+謂語+主語”。這類倒裝句的謂語通常是系動詞be和come，go等表示移動的不及物動詞或stand，lie，live，appear，seem，exist，main，follow，happen，arise等表示狀態(tài)的動詞。The

16、re came the disturbing news.傳來令人憂心的消息。注：there，here引起的完全倒裝句，謂語動詞是come，go時，常用一般現(xiàn)在時表示正在進(jìn)行的動作。up，down，in，on，away，of等表方位的副詞和表示地點的介詞短語置于句首以示強(qiáng)調(diào)時，需用完全倒裝句，即“謂語+主語”；若主語是代詞，則不用倒裝。Up went the price.價格上漲。2. Not only had the counties found a path to the future that did not run over the relics of the past, but the

17、y had also is learnt that it was possible for countries to work together to build a better tomorrow.本句含有“not onlybut also”結(jié)構(gòu)。not only后的句子had the countries found是部分倒裝句，but they had also learnt.是正常語序的句子。（1）not only.but also意為“不僅而且”，用作并列連詞，相當(dāng)于“not just.but also”。當(dāng)連接句子時，not only后的句子用部分倒裝，but also后的句子不用倒裝。Not only/just does he speak English correctly，but he also speaks it flu