高中英語(yǔ)必修二 3.3 Discovering Useful Structure 教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)

1、Unit 3 The InternetPeriod 3 Discovering Useful StructureThe Present Perfect Passive Voice教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)This unit is about the Internet, which has a great influence to our humans and our lives. During the Listening & Speaking & Talking and Reading and Thinking section, the influence in examples has been shown.

2、 Thus, use the Present Perfect Tense is appropriate. However, in order to show the justice or weaken the doer of the behavior/action, its better to use the Present Perfect Passive Voice than the Present Perfect Tense. Besides, having learned to use the Present Perfect Passive Voice, students can bea

3、utify their language in their writing. Learn the structure of the Present Perfect Passive Voice and its functions. Learn to change the sentences with the Present Perfect Passive Voice into the sentences with the Present Perfect Passive Voice. Learn to write sentences with the Present Perfect Passive

4、 Voice flexibly according to the context. Learn the structure of the Present Perfect Passive Voice and its functions. Learn to change the sentences with the Present Perfect Passive Voice into the sentences with the Present Perfect Passive Voice. Learn to write sentences with the Present Perfect Pass

5、ive Voice flexibly according to the context. Step 1 Observe the following sentences, then change the sentences into passive voice.Jans life has been greatly improved by the Internet.(教材P28）The Internet has greatly improved Jans life.Much has been written(by People) about the wonders of the World Wid

6、e Web.(教材P28）( 教材P28）People have written much about the wonders of the World Wide Web.A kind of new PC has been built (by them) with more functions.They have built a kind of new PC with more functions. The software has been downloaded(by me) to help my phone last longer. I have downloaded the softwa

7、re to help my phone last longer.Step2 Summarize the structureVerb formPassiveActivehave/has+been+v-edhave/has+v-edFrom above the pictures, we can know that the structure : Other structures:肯定結(jié)構(gòu)have/hasbeen done否定結(jié)構(gòu)have/hasnotbeen done一般疑問(wèn)結(jié)構(gòu)have/has主語(yǔ)been done特殊疑問(wèn)結(jié)構(gòu)特殊疑問(wèn)詞have/has主語(yǔ)been doneHe has been

8、 selected to take part in the sports meeting(肯定句)他已被挑選出來(lái)參加運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)。The ink has not been removed from his overcoat(否定句)墨跡還沒(méi)有從他外套上去掉。Has the date for the next meeting been decided?(一般疑問(wèn)句)下次會(huì)議的日期已確定了嗎？How long has the battery not been changed?(特殊疑問(wèn)句)電池多久沒(méi)有更換了？Step 3 The usage or functions1表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的影響和

9、結(jié)果，且這個(gè)動(dòng)作與句子的主語(yǔ)有邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。I have been told the sports meet will be put off.我已被告知運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)將要被推遲。(結(jié)果：現(xiàn)在我已經(jīng)知道運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)要被推遲)All the preparations for the task have been done，and were ready to start.這項(xiàng)任務(wù)的一切準(zhǔn)備都已就緒，我們準(zhǔn)備好要開(kāi)始了。(影響：我們現(xiàn)已具備開(kāi)始的條件) 2表示一個(gè)被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)從過(guò)去開(kāi)始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，并且有可能繼續(xù)持續(xù)下去。常與for時(shí)間段或since時(shí)間點(diǎn)等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，此時(shí)，該被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的動(dòng)詞應(yīng)使用延續(xù)性動(dòng)

10、詞。The machine has been repaired for two hours.這臺(tái)機(jī)器已被修了兩小時(shí)了。(持續(xù)：兩小時(shí)前開(kāi)始修，現(xiàn)在可能已經(jīng)修好，也可能沒(méi)有修好，還要繼續(xù)修)She hasnt been heard from since then.從那時(shí)候起，她就沒(méi)來(lái)過(guò)信。(持續(xù)：從那以后，一直沒(méi)收到她的信，以后也可能收不到) 3在狀語(yǔ)從句中，常用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)代替將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。I will go home when my homework has been finished.當(dāng)我完成家庭作業(yè)時(shí)我就回家。(將來(lái)某時(shí)處于被完成的狀態(tài))Step 4 Special case

11、s1現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中has/have been不可漏掉。The plan has been studied by the experts for three times.這個(gè)計(jì)劃已經(jīng)由專(zhuān)家研究三次了。The dirty clothes have been washed.臟衣服已經(jīng)被洗好了。2現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去發(fā)生的事與現(xiàn)在有聯(lián)系；而一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)所表示的動(dòng)作只與過(guò)去有關(guān)，與現(xiàn)在沒(méi)有關(guān)系。The library has been built.這座圖書(shū)館已經(jīng)建好了。(圖書(shū)館可以用了)The library was built last year.這座圖書(shū)館是去年建成的。(圖書(shū)

12、館現(xiàn)在是否能用是未知的)3含有非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，如begin，start，buy，borrow，finish等的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的肯定式不能與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用。這些動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的否定式則可以與for或since構(gòu)成的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。The work has been finished for two days.()This book has not been borrowed since last week.()4動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，動(dòng)詞后面的副詞或介詞不可漏掉或省略。The injured bird has been looked after since i

13、t was saved.(after不可漏掉)受傷的小鳥(niǎo)被救后一直被照看著。并不是所有的動(dòng)詞都有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。如happen, occur, take place, break out, belong to, cost, last等不及物動(dòng)詞或詞組, 就沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。試比較: Some of the best conversations have ever been happened around the dinner table. (X)Some of the best conversations have ever happened around the dinner table. ()Ste

14、p 5 Practice他的小說(shuō)還沒(méi)有出版。His novel _(publish)所有的信都已經(jīng)寄出去了嗎？_ all the letters _？(post)他的工作尚未完成。His work _新的訂票制度已在使用中了嗎？_ the new booking systems for tickets _？They have built many houses in the village in the past few years.Many houses _ _ _ in the village in the past few years.We have planted many trees on the hill in the past 5 years.Many trees _ _ _ on the hill in the past 5 years.His sister left home in 1998，and _ since.(hear)工作一完成我們就立即動(dòng)身。Well start as soon as the work _你可以出去，除非你的作業(yè)已經(jīng)完成了。You can go out unless your homework _新的鐵路一旦建成，到達(dá)北京的用時(shí)就會(huì)更短。Once the new railway _，it will take a shorter tim