定語(yǔ)從句（5）定語(yǔ)從句的翻譯（上）課件-高三英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)

1、考點(diǎn)解讀牛刀小試專題 定語(yǔ)從句的翻譯 1.前置法 2. 后置法 3.融合法4. 分句法 學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)前置法（短的定語(yǔ)從句）Only those he knew well could be enrolled in the course. 只有那些他很了解的人才能注冊(cè)學(xué)習(xí)這門學(xué)科。He has made as much progress as is admirable. 他取得了驚人的進(jìn)步。We have arrived at the same conclusion as they have .我們已經(jīng)得出了與他們相同的結(jié)論 前置法（短的定語(yǔ)從句） Objects that do not transf

2、er light cause shadows.不透光的物體會(huì)造成陰影。Every man is rich or poor according to the degree in which he can afford to enjoy the necessaries, conveniences, and amusements of human life.一個(gè)人是富還是貧，要看他能獲得生活必需品、舒適品和娛樂(lè)品的程度如何。前置法（短的定語(yǔ)從句）出于漢語(yǔ)行文的需要和邏輯關(guān)系方面的考慮，可以將定語(yǔ)從句提在主與之前進(jìn)行翻譯，用來(lái)說(shuō)明情況，但不作為被修飾名詞的定語(yǔ)。 I suffered agonies

3、that no one suspected.誰(shuí)也想不到，我內(nèi)心經(jīng)歷了多么大的痛苦。There are also great advantages that come from the variety of culture brought by settlers from other lands.移民從各地帶來(lái)了多種文化，產(chǎn)生了極大的好處。后置法（長(zhǎng)的定語(yǔ)從句）重復(fù)先行詞A Swedish-born, Paris-resident, Britt Karlsson is organizing the third Scandinavian Wine Fair to take place this m

4、onth next door to the Louvre, whose novelty this year is the wine and spirit competition. 出生在瑞典、現(xiàn)居住在巴黎的布里特卡爾松本月在盧浮宮旁邊要組織舉辦第三屆斯堪的納維亞葡萄酒展銷會(huì)，本年度展銷會(huì)的新鮮之處就是葡萄酒和白酒之爭(zhēng)。A Swedish-born, Paris-resident, Britt Karlsson is organizing the third Scandinavian Wine Fair to take place this month, whose novelty this y

5、ear is the wine and spirit competition. 出生在瑞典、現(xiàn)居住在巴黎的布里特卡爾松本月要組織舉辦第三屆斯堪的納維亞葡萄酒展銷會(huì)，本年度展銷會(huì)的新鮮之處就是葡萄酒和白酒之爭(zhēng)。后置法（長(zhǎng)的定語(yǔ)從句）重復(fù)先行詞A Swedish-born, Paris-resident, Britt Karlsson is organizing the third Scandinavian Wine Fair to take place this month next door to the Louvre, whose novelty this year is the wine

6、and spirit competition. 出生在瑞典、現(xiàn)居住在巴黎的布里特卡爾松本月在盧浮宮旁邊要組織舉辦第三屆斯堪的納維亞葡萄酒展銷會(huì)，本年度展銷會(huì)的新鮮之處就是葡萄酒和白酒之爭(zhēng)。Fun-filled Darling Harbor is a great place to spend a day visiting attractions that cater to all ages and tastes. 充滿樂(lè)趣的達(dá)令港是人們花上一天去游覽景觀的好地方，它滿足各種年齡和品味的人的需求。重復(fù)先行詞Our war against terror is a contest of will in

7、 which perseverance is power.我們的反恐戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)是一場(chǎng)意志力的較量。在這場(chǎng)較量中，不屈不撓的精神就是力量。 后置法（長(zhǎng)的定語(yǔ)從句）后置法（長(zhǎng)的定語(yǔ)從句）重復(fù)先行詞Two factors are particularly important in the history of inventions .One is the part played by inspiration , which can be far more vital than that of careful research.在發(fā)明史上有兩個(gè)因素特別重要。其一是靈感的作用，這可能比苦心鉆研的作用要重要的多

8、。后置法（長(zhǎng)的定語(yǔ)從句）省略先行詞如果把定語(yǔ)從句翻譯在先行詞后面，在通順完整的前提下，有時(shí)候可以不重復(fù)先行詞。Many stones are set in jewelry such as earrings and rings, while others are fashioned into interesting trinkets that make wonderful Australian souvenirs. 許多寶石嵌入到像耳環(huán)、和戒指之類的珠寶中，而其他寶石則塑造成有趣的小飾物，成為了澳大利亞的紀(jì)念品。后置法（長(zhǎng)的定語(yǔ)從句）I propose to offer a theory whi

9、ch , as far as I am aware , has not previously been set forth，that only those animals capable of speech are capable of laughter , and that therefore man,being the only animal that speaks , is the only animal that laughs.我試圖提出一種理論, 這種理論就我所知，還未曾有人提出過(guò)，那就是:只有能說(shuō)話的動(dòng)物才會(huì)笑。人是唯一能說(shuō)話的動(dòng)物，所以也是唯一會(huì)笑的動(dòng)物。后置法（長(zhǎng)的定語(yǔ)從句）B

10、oth picnics and barbeques are friendly , informal social events that offer an opportunityto enjoy a meal outside in pleasant surroundings.野餐和燒烤都是友情洋溢、不拘禮節(jié)的社交活動(dòng)，可以讓大家在戶外一個(gè)怡情的環(huán)境里高高興興地美餐一頓。融合法（限制性定語(yǔ)從句）把定語(yǔ)從句和它所修飾的先行詞結(jié)合在一起翻譯。多用于限制性定語(yǔ)從句。定語(yǔ)從句在主句里有there be, to be等動(dòng)詞時(shí)，可以把原句中的主語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ)從句融合在一起，譯成簡(jiǎn)單句。There is a man

11、 downstairs who wants to see you. 樓下有人要見你。This is the very knife which he used to murder the victim. 他就是用這把刀謀殺了受害人。如果定語(yǔ)從句的動(dòng)詞在整個(gè)復(fù)合句中分量較重，可將其主句壓縮成詞組譯作主語(yǔ)，而把定語(yǔ)從句的動(dòng)詞譯作其謂語(yǔ)。He had great success in football which made him an idol in the eyes of every football player. 他在足球領(lǐng)域取得的成就使他成為每一個(gè)足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員的偶像。融合法（限制性定語(yǔ)從句）分

12、譯法（長(zhǎng)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句）一般將主句和從句分開，通常也需要重復(fù)先行詞。To do business in the global marketplace, CEOs believe there are two things you need from your organization, that is, highly capable people and effective communications, both of which are vital for managing the complexity of global business. 想要在全球市場(chǎng)中做生意，首席執(zhí)行官們認(rèn)為在你的企業(yè)里必須具備兩樣?xùn)|西，即有能力的人和有效的通訊設(shè)施，這兩者在應(yīng)對(duì)全球貿(mào)易的復(fù)雜性中