人教版高一英語Unit4 語法 定語從句 講解加練習(xí) 新課標(biāo) 人教

1、2021/8/9 星期一1Attributive Clause（定語從句）2021/8/9 星期一2定語從句定語從句在句子中起定語作用，修飾一個名詞或代詞，有時可修飾一個句子。被定語從句修飾的詞叫作先行詞，定語從句必須放在先行詞的后面，由關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)。關(guān)系詞充當(dāng)從句的成分。2021/8/9 星期一3定語從句限定性定語從句非限定性定語從句引導(dǎo)詞關(guān)系代詞：關(guān)系副詞:that, which, who, whom, whose, aswhen, where, why2021/8/9 星期一4限定性定語從句和非限定性定語從句1）限制性定語從句是先行詞在意義上不可缺少的定語從句，如果去掉，主句的

2、意思就不完整或失去意義。起限定作用。這種從句和主句的關(guān)系十分密切， 寫時不可用逗號分開。 Eg:The accident happened on the day when I lost my job.Eg: I spent a whole holiday with John, who was very friendly and helpful. 2) 非限制性定語從句和主句的關(guān)系不是十分密切，只是對先行詞作些附加的補(bǔ)充說明， 如果去掉， 主句的意思仍然很清楚。 這種從句和主句之間往往用逗號分開，一般不用 that 引導(dǎo)。2021/8/9 星期一5關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞 的作用指代作用連接句子的作用

3、That tall man is Toms father and he works in a shoe factory.That tall man is Toms father, _ works in a shoe factory.who2021/8/9 星期一6that賓語(2)指物時，that與which可以互換，但要注意在特定情況下that與which的選用。關(guān)系代詞的用法： 1. that 和 which (1) that , which 都可以指物， 還可以指人，在從句中作主語或賓語， 作_ 時可以省略。2021/8/9 星期一7True or falseAll which you

4、need to do is to press the button . I have read all the books that you gave me.3. This is the best novel that I have read.that2021/8/9 星期一84. This is the very book which I want to look for.5. The last place that we visited was the chemical works.6. They talked about the teachers and schools which th

5、ey had visited.thatthat2021/8/9 星期一9只用that 的情況:1.先行詞為不定代詞或有不定代詞修飾的如:everything,anything,all,much,nothing,any等.2.先行詞被最高級修飾的.3.先行詞被the only,the very,the right 修飾的4.先行詞既包括人又包括物時.2021/8/9 星期一10(6)主句是以who或which開頭的特殊疑問句時,一般用that引導(dǎo)定語從句(而不用who, whom, which)。(5)that 還可以在定語從句中作表語，(而which, who, whom, whose 不能）

6、 that此時可以省略。She is no longer the girl_ she used to be.thatWhich is the book_you need?that2021/8/9 星期一11用which 的情況：1.用于非限定定語從句中.2.用于介詞后I have rent a house , which is very big.I want to rent a house which/that is very big.The chair on which he is sitting is made of plastics.The chair (which/that) he i

7、s sitting on is made of plastics.2021/8/9 星期一122. who 和 whom(1)who指人，是主格，在定語從句中作主語或賓語。(2)whom指人，是賓格，在定語從句中只能作賓語。(3)who不可以用在介詞后,而whom可以。2021/8/9 星期一13Do you know the man _I talked to just now.who/whom/that/-Do you know the man to_I talked to just now.whomThe number of people _lost homes reached as ma

8、ny as 250,000.who/that2021/8/9 星期一143. whose的用法(1)whose即可以指人也可以指物，在定語從句中作定語。(2) whose指物時可以與of which互換。whose + n. = the + n. + of whichof which + the + n.2021/8/9 星期一154. as 的用法 as 在定語從句中作主語，賓語或表語。一般用在 the sameas ，as many (much)as 或suchas結(jié)構(gòu)中。 Such teachers as he know are all kind to him.I want to buy

9、 the same pen as you are using.Dont buy such books as will do you harm.2021/8/9 星期一16(1) 意思不同。as 表示“正如那樣”, which 表示“ 這一點” “這件事”。(2)as 所引導(dǎo)的從句可放在主句前或主句后；而which所引導(dǎo)的從句只可放在主句后。(3)as所引導(dǎo)的從句中，動詞常用know, see, expect, point out, say, tell, report等。5. as 和 which 都可以引導(dǎo)非限定性定語從句，指代主句一句話的內(nèi)容，這時它們的區(qū)別是:2021/8/9 星期一17A

10、s we know , China is a developing country.As is known, China is a developing country.His dog died ,which made him unhappy.2021/8/9 星期一18II. 關(guān)系副詞when, where, why的用法(1)when指時間，在從句中作時間狀語。(2)where指地點，在從句中作地點狀語。(3)why的先行詞只有reason，why在從句中作原因狀語。關(guān)系副詞 =介詞 + 關(guān)系代詞1.I will never forget the day when/on which I r

11、eached here.2.This is the school where/at which I used to teach.2021/8/9 星期一19III 使用定語從句時應(yīng)注意的問題1.在定語從句中，關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞必須充當(dāng)句子成分。2.關(guān)系代詞的人稱，性，數(shù)要和先行詞保持一致，在從句中作主語時，注意其后的謂語動詞與先行詞保持一致。 I, who am a student, study very hard.He is one of the students who believe it.He is the only one of the students who believes i

12、t.2021/8/9 星期一204.the way （方式，方法）作先行詞時，關(guān)系代詞用 that / in which / 不填。 3.在限定性定語從句中，作賓語的關(guān)系代詞可以省略；但在非限定性定語從句中，關(guān)系代詞不可以省略。5.time作先行詞，用when或that引導(dǎo)定語從句均可，而且that常?？梢允÷?。 eg. The last time (that) I saw her was a fine morning in May.2021/8/9 星期一21Exercises:I.Fill in the blanks The man _ you met yesterday is a fri

13、end of mine.2. Did you see the letter _ was put on your table ?3. Here comes the man _ English is excellent.whom/who/thatwhich/thatwhose2021/8/9 星期一224. That is the day _ I was born.5. I dont know the reason _ he was late.6. Who is the girl _ is standing at the door ?7. That is the book _ the cover

14、is blue.8. He was proud, _ I dislike very much. When/on whichwhy / for which thatof whichwhich2021/8/9 星期一23II. Choose the best answers She heard a terrible noise, _ brought her heart into her mouth. (NMET91) A. it B. which C. this D. that2. In the dark street, there wasnt a single person _ she coul

15、d turn for help.(92) A.that B.who C.from whom D.to whomBD2021/8/9 星期一243. The weather turned out to be very good, _ was more than we could expected. (NMET94) A.what B.which C.that D.it4. After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to the small town _ he grew up as a child. (NMET96) A. where B.

16、which C.that D.whenBA2021/8/9 星期一255. Carol said the work would be done by October,_ personally I doubt very much. (NMET1999) A.it B.that C.when D.which6. This is the way _ I am thinking of to do it. A.how B.with which C.by which D.DD2021/8/9 星期一267. He invited ten friends to his home ; _ are foreig

17、ners. A. six of whom B. the six of whom C. six of them D. the six of them8. He invited ten friends to his home , _ are foreigners. A. six of whom B. the six of whom C. six of them D. the six of themCA2021/8/9 星期一279. My hometown is not the same _ it used to be ten years ago. A.like B.as C.that D.whi

18、ch10. Is this the factory _ you work? A.which B.in that C.where D.what11. Is this the factory _ you visited?A.which B.in that C.where D.whatBCA2021/8/9 星期一2812. Is this museum_ you visited last week?/ B.which C.the one D.where13. Is this the museum _ you visited last week?/ B.what C.the one D.whereCA2021/8/9 星期一2914. _ is known to all, Taiwan is part of China.A.As B.Which C.That D.It15. _ is known to all that Taiwan is part of China.A.As B.Which C.That D.It16.All