大豆食用油加工主要工藝中英文

1、 PAGE PAGE 62、各車間工藝流程簡述Brief explanation of process diagram of each plantChief process flow diagram大豆Soya預處理粕包裝Pretreatment預處理粕包裝料坯浸出Extraction of extruded flakes料坯浸出Mealpacking成品大豆粕Finished product meal浸出毛豆油Extracted crude Soya oilEach plants process flow diagram油料預處理車間 Pretreatment plant of oil se

2、ed大豆Soya計量除鐵去石軟化計量除鐵去石軟化清理Cleaning清理RemovingsteelRemovingstone軋坯Softening軋坯Soya flakesCooling烘干Drying烘干冷卻Flaking冷卻計量 measuring：連續(xù)自動計量進入生產線的原料Measure input material andcontinuously.Remove grass, branches, leaves orotheragriculture impurity from material；removing steel：去除油料中的鐵質雜質 Remove steel from mat

3、erial去石 removing stone：去除油料中的砂、石 Removesand and stone in the materialHeat material and adjust moisture contentflaking:：壓料成薄片，縮短油路 Press material toflakes to shorten oilpath：坯片受熱升溫、去水，同時內部組織發(fā)生變化 Heat flakes to removemoisture. At the same time internal structure of flakes has been changed.冷卻：烘干后坯料溫度較高

4、，通過風冷降溫，同時去除局部水分 Temperature ofheated flakes is high, cool them by air and remove moisture inside.Extraction plantMiscella evaporationSteam strippingVacuum drying大豆坯浸出混合油蒸發(fā)溶劑冷凝回收汽提真空枯燥尾氣 Tail gas浸出毛油Extracted crude oilSoya flakesExtraction石蠟回收濕粕脫溶Solvent condensing and recycling濕粕脫溶Mineral oil absor

5、ption排放VentWetmealdesolventising大豆粕Dry mealExtract extruded Soya flakes by hexane to get oil and separate oil from wet meal evaporation：加熱混合油(含正已烷的油脂)，使其中的正已烷Heat miscella (oil with hexane) to evaporate hexane Evaporate hexanefarther by direct steam真空枯燥 Vacuum drying：在確定溫度和真空的條件下，脫除油中水分。 Underspecia

6、l conditions of temperature and vacuum, remove water away.Wet meal desolventizin By heating and toasting wet meal to remove hexane in the meal and recycling：用冷凝和吸取等方法回收蒸發(fā)、汽,By condensation , absorption and otherways to recycle hexane volatizing from evaporation, steam stripping and desolventizing fo

7、r circulation系統(tǒng)產生的含溶尾氣經石蠟回收后排放。 Hexane in the tail gas from extraction system will be absorbed first, and be vented later.大豆粕包裝車間 Soya meal packing plant除塵器風機除塵器風機輸送冷卻粉碎機定量包裝成品粕排空粕MealTransportationCoolingMealbreakingQuantifyingandpackingProductmeal輸送 Transportation:：粕從浸出車間輸送到粕冷卻車間Transport meal fro

8、mextraction plant to meal cooling plant冷卻：粕進入冷粕機再一次得到冷卻,以便保證貯藏質量。 利用粉碎機粉碎大豆粕，以便貯藏包裝 Break Soya meal bybreaker for convenient packing and storage packing： 按kg/包80kg/包自動打包 Automaticallypack meal as 50kg per bag80kg per bag除塵 Dust removing: 設備運轉時氣流帶走一些粕粉，利用除塵器進展捕集coming from machines carries lots of me

9、al powder, and collect them by cloneOur industry processes different kinds of oleaginous seeds, beans, fruits and nuts for theproduction of vegetable oils mainly for human consumption but also for animal feeding and for technical purposes and for the production of oilseed meals which are used as pro

10、tein richfeeding stuffs. Usually crushing plants have integrated refining facilities that produce fattyproducts which can be intended for food, feed or technical usages.The flow charts here below illustrate the various steps of the oilseeds processing for theproduction of meals, crude and refined oi

11、ls. Beneath, the main individual processing steps are described in further detail.Oilseeds crushingCleaning, Drying and Preparation of the seeds/beansAs a first step the seed/bean is cleaned and dried. Foreign material (like stones, glass and metal)is taken out by sieving and magnets and disposed of

12、 outside the feed chain.Drying is performed by avoiding contact with combustion gasses unless natural gas is used. The preparation of the seeds before an extraction step depends on the kind of seed/bean and therequired quality of the meal.Some oilseeds, like soybeans and sunflower seed, may be dehul

13、led after the cleaning step. Afterdehulling the meal will have a lower crude fibre content, and hence a higher protein content.The hulls can also be used for feeding purposes, as such or in pelletized form.Crushing and HeatingIn the past, crushing was done between mill stones that later became steel

14、 rolls. Hence thefactories are known as oil mills and the process as oil milling or oil crushing.Seeds with a high oil content, like rape seed and sunflower seed, are usually mechanicallypressed in expellers after a preheating step in indirectly heated conditioners. The expeller cake (or pressed cak

15、e) will then be further treated in the extractor, since it might still content from 4 to 8 or even 10 percent of oil. Although in some cases the expeller cake is not further extracted but after deep expelling sold as such for feed purposes.The expeller works as follows: the oil bearing material is f

16、ed into one end of a cylinder withinwhich a power-driven worm conveyor forces the material to the other end of the cylinder and out against resistance. The pressure exerted in the process squeezes out the oil.Soybeans, with a relatively low oil content, are thermally treated, mechanically crushed an

17、dused as raw material/flakes for further extraction.Sometimes the raw material is pressed without heating; such oils are known as cold-pressed oils.Since cold pressing does not extract all the oil, it is practiced only in the production of a few special edible oils, i.e. olive oil.DegummingCrude oil

18、s having relatively high levels of phosphatides (e.g., soybean oil) may be degummedprior to refining to remove the majority of those phospholipid compounds.During the degumming process the crude oil is treated with a limited amount of water in order to hydrate the phosphatides and then separate them

19、 by centrifugation. After the degummingprocess, the crude oil is dried.Soybean oil is the most common oil to be degummed; the phospholipids are often recovered andfurther processed to yield a variety of lecithin products.Pressed crude oilThe resulting pressed crude oil can be consumed as such or be

20、further refined.Solvent extractionSolvent extraction is used to separate oil from seeds/beans with the principle is to employ avolatile liquid in which the oil is freely soluble. The common solvent used by crushers is hexane*. The pre-processed seeds/beans are treated in a multistage counter-current

21、 process withsolvent until the remaining oil content is reduced to the lowest possible level.* Hexanein accordance with Council Directive 88/344/EEC on extraction solventsused inthe production of foodstuffs and food ingredients.Removing of solvent by distillationThe miscella, a mixture of oil and so

22、lvent, is separated by distillation into two components, oiland solvent. The solvent is recycled into the extraction process.Extracted crude oilCrude oils obtained by pressing and/or extraction are sometimes used directly for food and feedpurposes. In most cases, however, the crude oils are refined

23、in a multistage process.Crude oils might contain substances and trace components, which are undesirable for taste,stability, appearance, and odour or may interfere with further processing. These substances and trace components include seed particles, impurities, phosphatides, carbohydrates, proteins

24、, and traces of metals, pigments, waxes, oxidation products of fatty acids, polycyclic aromatichydrocarbons and pesticide residues.Internal specifications developed by the oils and fats sector stipulate that crude oils should meetcertain quality requirements. In fact, this is a key step in ensuring

25、that when refining is applied to this raw material, the fully refined oil is suitable for human consumption.Desolventing and ToastingThe hexane-containing meal is treated in the desolventising toaster with the help of indirectheating and steam. The desolventising toasting process serves three purposes. Firstly, to winback the solvent from the meal, second