高考英語形容詞、副詞講解

1、高考英語形容詞、副詞講解高考英語形容詞、副詞講解高考英語形容詞、副詞講解PART 形容詞的語法功能形容詞的基本用法高考中常出的考察熱點(diǎn)和答題技巧：2021/4/132大飛囊2021/4/133形容詞用法：The gorgeous car looks / is awesome！His idea sounds reasonable.The barber dyed her hair red. The naughty boy made his sister cry.The old have been taken good care of.定語 表語 賓語補(bǔ)足語 The+ adj表示一類人，做主語或賓語

2、 表語 2021/4/1341.名詞+后綴 形容詞1) ful: help-helpful, use-useful2) al: naturenatural3) able :reasonreasonable4)ce-t: patience-patient2.動(dòng)詞+后綴 形容詞：interestinterestedinterestingamazeamazedamazing常見形容詞后綴：-ing形容詞一般修飾事物。 -ed形容詞主語一般是人。5) ty- ious: curiosity - curious 2021/4/135練習(xí)1.She is a _ (nature) musician. 2

3、The man is a worker _(retire) last year. 3 .It will not be _(suit) for us to live in the world in the future.4.The kid was very _ (interest) in physics.5.We all find it _(importance) to learn English well . 6.Mary felt _(please), because there were many empty seats in the room. (2016年廣東高考語法填空) 2natu

4、ralretiredsuitableinterestedimportantpleased2021/4/136在英語里,一般定語前置時(shí)的次序?yàn)?限定詞，形容詞、分詞、動(dòng)名詞和名詞性定語。但當(dāng)幾個(gè)形容詞同時(shí)出現(xiàn)在名詞之前,我們要注意其次序。其形容詞遵循的詞序?yàn)椋合抻^形齡色國材，指：限定詞（包括冠詞，指示詞數(shù)量）, 外觀（美麗等）,形狀（大小高矮肥瘦）,年齡；顏色；國籍；材料；用途。a famous American universityan interesting small old Italian paintinga new plastic bucket多個(gè)定語形容詞排列順序：2021/4/13

5、7其形容詞排列遵循的詞序?yàn)椋合抻^形齡色國材，指：限定詞（包括冠詞，指示詞數(shù)量）, 外觀（美麗等）,形狀（大小高矮肥瘦）,年齡；顏色；國籍；材料；用途?？h官行令殺國才。2021/4/138。縣官行令殺國才。一輛漂亮的黃色意大利小車。 那位魅力十足的年輕苗條的女士。a gorgeous small yellow Italian car that charming slim young lady. 2021/4/139表語形容詞：它指的是那些只用于連系動(dòng)詞后作表語，而不能用于名詞前作定語的形容詞。英語中的表語形容詞非常有限，歸納起來，主要有以下幾類：1.某些以a-開頭形容詞: absent缺席的，a

6、fraid 害怕的 alive活著的 alone 單獨(dú)的，ashamed 羞愧的 ， asleep 睡著的 ,awake 醒著的 ， alike 相似的請看實(shí)例： Dont be afraid of it. 別怕。He was alone in the house.他獨(dú)自一人在家里。若要用作定語且具有以上意義，可改用其他形容詞：誤：an asleep child, an ashamed girl, an alive poet正：a sleeping child， a shy girl， a living poet2、某些表示健康的形容詞fine 健康的ill 有病的well 健康的 faint

7、昏迷的 請看實(shí)例：he was ill and couldnt come 他病了，所以不能來。2021/4/13102021/4/1311 注意 ：very不能用來修飾表語形容詞； afraid 害怕的，ashamed 羞愧的，除外。 He fell asleep completely. They were very ashamed of his behavior.Friends ， supper is ready now.They are fond of global tour.The twins look alike so much .English is well worth learn

8、ing.2021/4/1312 改正下列句中的錯(cuò)誤I have to stay at home to look after my ill sister, who caught a bad cold the other day.解析：ill表示“生病的”意思時(shí)，只用作表語形容詞，不能作定語。什么是表語形容詞？sick2021/4/1313b表語形容詞作定語要后置。把括號(hào)中的詞放入恰當(dāng)?shù)奈恢肁ll the people at the party were his supporters. （present）2021/4/1314c形容詞修飾不定代詞something,everything,anyth

9、ing, nothing，nobody等時(shí)，要位其于后面。如：Is there anything important in todays newspaper? 3任何聰明人 ： anybody smart ； 2.今天的報(bào)紙上有什么重要新聞嗎？1.美好的東西:Something nice2021/4/1315D. enough做副詞修飾形容詞時(shí)，放在其修飾的形容詞后面。 They are strong enough to performance the fierce game. The singer was wealthy enough to buy such a luxury vehicle

10、. 2021/4/1316例: _ to take this adventure course will certainly learn a lot of useful skills. (全國)Brave enough studentsB. Enough brave students C. Students brave enoughD. Students enough braveenough修飾形容詞時(shí)要放在形容詞之后，enough修飾名詞時(shí)放在前后都可。2021/4/1317原級(jí)比較句型結(jié)構(gòu):1.“as+adj/adv+as” 一樣 等級(jí)比較 2. not so(as)+adj/adv+as

11、.” 不如不等級(jí)比較 該句型常用來描述兩個(gè)比較對(duì)象的 程度上的相似或不同(即平時(shí)說的“等級(jí)比較和 不等級(jí)比較”)。例如： My computer is not so(as) heavy as yours. 我的電腦不如你的重。2021/4/13182.“as many/few+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)+as”或 as much/ little(少的) +不可數(shù)名詞+as。 前者描述數(shù)目上接近，后者描述量相近。例如： You may get as many books as you can.你能借多少書就借少。 “Drink as much water as you can.”the doctor said

12、 to him.醫(yī)生對(duì)他說：“你要盡可能的多喝些水。2021/4/13192021/4/1320 You can t be too careful.You cant be careful enough.你越仔細(xì)越好。越就越好；怎么也不為過分：主語+cant be too+adj =主語+cant be+adj+enough2021/4/1321littleless不規(guī)則變化形式 much/manymore most farfartherfarthest bad/ill/badlyworse worstgood/wellbetterbestleast82021/4/1322詞 尾 變 化原級(jí)比較

13、級(jí)最高級(jí)單音節(jié)詞在詞尾加-er(比較級(jí))或-est(最高級(jí))以不發(fā)音的字母e結(jié)尾的詞加-r或-sttall hard large wide重讀閉音節(jié)單音節(jié)詞如末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母，須先雙寫這個(gè)一個(gè)輔音字母，再加er或estbig hot thin fat wet 以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞，變y為i,再加-er,或-esthappy dry early narrow clever able多音節(jié)詞和多數(shù)雙音節(jié)詞在其前面加more 和most difficult popular taller harder larger wider tallest hardest largest wides

14、tbigger hotter fatter wetterbiggest hottest fattest wettest happier drier earlierhappiest driest earliestnarrower clevererablernarrowest cleverestablestmore difficult more popular most difficult most popular少數(shù)以-er,-ow,-able結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞,末尾加-er或-est規(guī)則變化 2021/4/1323原級(jí)goodwellbadillmanymuchlittlefarold比較級(jí)最高級(jí)

15、better bestworseworstless more mostfarther/furtherolder/ elderleast farthest/furthestoldest/ eldest不規(guī)則變化巧記：特殊形式比較級(jí)共有三對(duì)二合一壞病兩多并兩好little意思不是小一分為二有兩個(gè)一是老來二是遠(yuǎn)2021/4/1324latelaterlatestfatfatterfattesthappyhappierhappiestdifficultmore difficultthe most difficultcarefulinterestingdeliciousbeautifulImportan

16、tpopularfine, nice, large,safe / big,thin heavy ,pretty, easy, thirsty,healthy 72021/4/1325比較級(jí)的用法:表一方超過另一方時(shí), 用“比較級(jí)+than”結(jié)構(gòu)；表一方不如另一方時(shí), 用“l(fā)ess+原級(jí)+than”結(jié)構(gòu). This park is better than that one. This park is less cute than that one. 2. 比較級(jí)前可加修飾詞much, even, a lot, a bit, a little, still, far, yet, by far, r

17、ather. 注意: by far通常用于強(qiáng)調(diào)最高級(jí), 用于比較級(jí)時(shí)一般放在比較級(jí)后面; 如放在前面, 應(yīng)在中間加the.2021/4/1326比較級(jí)考點(diǎn)：1. 表示“比.更”。用 比較級(jí)形容詞+than+比較成分, than后的動(dòng)詞往往省略, 非正式用法than后人稱代名詞可用賓格。He is younger than me. 他比我年輕。I am a better swimmer than he（him）.2. 表“較.低; 不及.”用 less+原級(jí)形容詞+than+比較成分。I am less young than he （is）.我不比他年輕。 3. 表兩者之中“較.”, 用 the

18、 +比較級(jí)+of the two。This one is the bigger of the two houses.這所房子是兩座房子中較大的。4. 定冠詞/ 指示形容詞+比較級(jí)+名詞表示比較意義。The taller boy is John.那個(gè)身材較高的男孩子是約翰。5. 有少數(shù)以ior結(jié)尾的形容詞, 如inferior（次于）, junior（年幼的;下級(jí)的）, prior（之前）, senior（年長的,上級(jí)的）, superior（優(yōu)于）等及介詞to連用。This method is superior to that one.這種方法優(yōu)于那種方法2021/4/1327如: He is

19、 taller by far than his brother. He is by far the taller of the two brothers.His explanation is _.by far clearer B. clearer by farC.the clearer by far D. the clearer2021/4/1328比較形容詞可以被副詞如a little（一點(diǎn)）,much（得多）, even（更加）, still（更加）, far（.的多） , a lot, a bit, a great deal , rather，a little ，等修飾, 翻譯: 現(xiàn)在的

20、生活簡單得多了。Life is very easier than it was twenty years ago.Life is very much easier than it was twenty years ago.注意;fairly, very, quite 不修飾比較級(jí),quite better除外。 凡是不能修飾比較級(jí)的副詞，也不能用在too前面。2021/4/1329例：- How did you find your visit to the museum?- I thoroughly enjoyed it. It was _ than I had expected.A. far

21、 more interesting B. even much interesting C. more interesting D. a lot much interesting修飾比較級(jí)的副詞有much , far, even, still, a lot, a little, yet, a bit, by far etc.2021/4/1330此時(shí)形容詞都按多音節(jié)對(duì)待。2021/4/1331?？即钆洌?.the+比較級(jí), the+比較級(jí) 越，就越The harder you learn, the better your scores will be.The busier he is , the

22、 happier he feels.The more difficult the question is , the funnier the students appear. more and more. 越來越As summer is drawing near , daytime is getting longer and longer.2021/4/13323倍數(shù)表示法： 1) 倍數(shù) + as +形容詞原級(jí) + as； 2)倍數(shù) + 形容詞比較級(jí) + than； 3)倍數(shù)+ the+size/length/width/height/depth/cover+of。The dining hal

23、l is 3 times as large as that one.The dining hall is 2 times larger than that one.The dining hall is 3 times the size of that one.2021/4/13332021/4/1334倍數(shù)表達(dá)法特殊訓(xùn)練：2021/4/13352021/4/13364 .no more than Vs not more thanThis book is no more interesting than that one.這本書不比那本書更有意思。（兩者一樣沒意思。）This book is n

24、ot more interesting than that one.這本書還不如那本書有意思。（還比不上本書有意思）2021/4/1337 5“否定 + 比較級(jí)” 表達(dá)的意思相當(dāng)于最高級(jí)。 Wait until we get a satisfactory reply, will you? I couldnt agree more. The idea sounds great to me. “a + 比較級(jí) + 名詞（than）” 結(jié)構(gòu)出現(xiàn)在以 never構(gòu)成的完成時(shí)態(tài)的動(dòng)詞后面。 How beautifully she sings！ I have never heard a better vo

25、ice.最高級(jí)2021/4/1338-Are you satisfied with his answer?-Not at all. It couldnt have been_ (bad). worse2021/4/1339(2016) “The water was simply the container for an act of kindness and love. Nothing could be _ (sweet).”思路點(diǎn)撥: 這是否定詞nothing及比較級(jí)連用表示最高級(jí)的概念，故填sweeter。句意是：“沒有什么東西比這個(gè)更甜了”，也就是說“這是世界上最甜的水”。sweeter

26、2021/4/1340形容詞最高級(jí) ：(三個(gè)以上比較才有最高級(jí)) the+adj最高級(jí) +of / in / amongeg. Their English teacher is the cleverest of all the teachers/ in the school/ among all the teachers. 有時(shí)形容詞最高級(jí)前不是定冠詞the，而是a/an,此時(shí)不是比較結(jié)果而是一種修辭手法，意為：極其，非常。 eg. She is a best friend of mine.2021/4/13411、 one of + the +adj.最高級(jí) + n.（復(fù)）of / amon

27、g / in 意思“最 的之一” eg. Paper-making is one of the greatest inventions of ancient China. 2、the + 序數(shù)詞 + adj.最高級(jí) + n.（單） + in短語 “ 第幾（長、大、遠(yuǎn)）” eg. The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.3、adj.最高級(jí) 可用在選擇疑問句中，常用句型：Which/ Who A, B or C? eg. Which city is the biggest, Beijing, Shanghai or Chongqi

28、ng?4、當(dāng)adj.最高級(jí) 前有物主代詞、指示代詞、名詞所有格修飾時(shí)， 省掉最高級(jí)前的定冠詞the。eg. Linda is my sisters best friend最高級(jí)?？伎键c(diǎn)：2021/4/1342 答題技巧2021/4/13431. (2014全國1語法填空) Finally, that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is (clean) than ever.2.( 2015四川 ) Andy is content with the toy. It is the (good) he ever got.3.(201

29、5全國II)-Mr.Stevenson is great to work for.I really couldnt ask for a (good) boss.cleanerbetterbest形容詞比較級(jí)的標(biāo)志詞 形容詞最高級(jí)的標(biāo)志詞否定詞+比較級(jí)相當(dāng)于最高級(jí)口訣:兩者比較than相連,三者比較the在前。小結(jié)：一些題目可以直接通過 得到答案。標(biāo)志詞2021/4/13444.(2016山東)Be (reason)-you cant expect me to finish all this wok in so little time.5.(2014全國II) While there are (

30、amaze) stories of instant transformation .6.(2014年全國I改錯(cuò)題)The teachers here are kind and helpfully.helpful系動(dòng)詞后面用形容詞作表語reasonable名詞前面用形容詞作定語系動(dòng)詞后面用形容詞作表語amazing小結(jié):形容詞通常放在 后作表語 前作定語。系動(dòng)詞名詞2021/4/1345合作探究 1.哪些小題及形容詞有關(guān)？ 2.分別考查哪一個(gè)考點(diǎn)？ A.比較等級(jí) B.形容詞后綴 C.變?yōu)楦痹~2021/4/1346高考鏈接2021/4/1347(2014全國新課標(biāo)I 語法填空)Are you fa

31、cing a situa-tion that looks impossible to fix? In 1969,the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River Cleveland, Ohio. It 61 (be) unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up. The river was so polluted that it 62 (actual) caught fire and burned. Now, years later, this river is one of 63 most

32、out-standing examples of environmental clean up. But the river wasnt changed in a few days64 even a few months. It took years of work 65 (reduce ) the industrial pollution and clean the water. wasactuallytheorto reduce2021/4/1348 Finally, that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is66 (

33、clean) than ever.Maybe you are facing an impossible situation. Maybe you leave a habit 67 isdriving your family crazy. Possibly you drink too much or dont know how to control your credit card use. When you face such an im-possible situation ,dont you want a quick fix and something to change immediat

34、ely? While there are68 (amaze) stories of instant transformation , for most of us the 69 (change) are gradual and require a lot of effort and work, like cleaning up a polluted river. Just be 70 . (patience)cleaner amazingchanges patientthat/which 2021/4/1349 2016全國新課標(biāo)I Are you facing a situation tha

35、t looks impossible to fix? In 1969,the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River Cleveland, Ohio. It 61(be)unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up. The river was so polluted that it 62 (actual)caught fire and burned. Now, ears later, this river is one of 63 most outstanding examples of e

36、nvironmental cleanup. But the river wasnt changed in a few days 64 even a few months. It took years of work 65 (reduce ) the industrial pollution and clean the water. Finally, that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is 66 (clean) than ever. Maybe you are facing an impossible situation

37、. Maybe you leave a habit 67 is driving your family crazy.(刪減兩句) While there are 68 (amaze) stories of instant transfor-mation, for most of us the 69 (change) are gradual and require a lot of effort and work,like cleaning up a polluted river.Just be 70 . (patience)62.考點(diǎn)一：及副詞互換63.考點(diǎn)二：比較等級(jí)66.考點(diǎn)二：比較等級(jí)6

38、8.考點(diǎn)三：形容詞后綴70.考點(diǎn)三：形容詞后綴2021/4/13501什么是副詞？ 翻譯下列句子，劃出句中的副詞。1. When the lights are on, the city looks marvelous.2. Though frequently beaten by his opponent, he didnt lose heart. 3. He is pretty clever when it comes to repairs.4. Obviously, the murderer had a good knowledge of the crime situation.修飾動(dòng)詞，表

39、示動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、方式、程度等或表達(dá)狀態(tài)的詞叫副詞。2021/4/1351副詞2021/4/1352副詞用來修飾動(dòng)詞, 形容詞, 其他副詞或整個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)。They always get up early. 修飾動(dòng)詞。 The kid was strong enough to lift such a rock 修飾 形容詞。1什么是副詞？2021/4/1353副詞的位置：1） 在動(dòng)詞之后。2） 在be動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞之后。3） 多個(gè)助動(dòng)詞時(shí)，副詞一般放在第一個(gè)助動(dòng)詞后。4) 幾個(gè)副詞 程度 方式 地點(diǎn) 時(shí)間 We study hard at school every day.2副詞的位置？2021

40、/4/1354形容詞變副詞規(guī)則：1.直接在形容詞后面加ly：hopeful2.以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾, 變y為i,再加ly： angry easy 3.以輔音字母+ le結(jié)尾, e變y possible terrible slow slowly hopefullyangrilyeasilypossiblyterribly2021/4/1355especialexcitedamazingnaturalreal形容詞副詞especiallyexcitedlyamazinglynaturallyreally2021/4/1356將下列形容詞轉(zhuǎn)化為副詞形式carefulloudsafequickslow第

41、一組：slowlyquicklycarefullyloudlysafely2021/4/1357第二組 ：happyluckyheavyangryeasyhappilyluckilyheavilyangrilyeasily2021/4/1358第三組：terriblegentlepossiblesimpleterriblygentlypossiblysimply2021/4/1359總結(jié)變化規(guī)則1.直接+ly2.以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的形容詞變y為i再 +ly3.有些以le結(jié)尾的形容詞需要去掉e再+ y注意以下以ly結(jié)尾的形容詞lovelyfriendlyuglylikely2021/4/1360

42、9/16/2022Adverb(副詞)形容詞轉(zhuǎn)換成副詞的規(guī)則副詞的用法2.修飾整個(gè)句子1.修飾形容詞，其他副詞。3.修飾動(dòng)詞1.直接+ly2.以y結(jié)尾的形容詞變y為i再+ly3.以-ble或le結(jié)尾的形容詞去掉e再+ ySummary2021/4/1361副詞的用法修飾形容詞The panda is really lovely.副詞形容詞修飾2021/4/13621.They are really beautiful.2.They acted wonderfully in the TV play . 3.Regretfully,we can not talk to them face to f

43、ace.2021/4/13631.The clothes are_ (extreme) beautiful.2.I am _( terrible) sorry. 3.The boy _(serious) ill.terriblyseriouslyextremely2021/4/1364副詞的用法-修飾全句Surprisingly ,the two little girls can draw so well. 副詞修飾全句2021/4/13651._(natural), our parents are happy to get our phone call.Naturally2._(amazin

44、g), the tree did not die.Amazingly3._(lucky), a policeman found the boy.Luckily2021/4/1366He sings beautifully.副詞的用法修飾動(dòng)詞副詞修飾動(dòng)詞2021/4/13671. I got an A. Tomsaid _(happy).2. My race went _ (wonderful) from start to finish.3. We hope your children grow _ (healthy).happilywonderfullyhealthily2021/4/1368

45、注意：1)方式副詞well; badly糟, 壞; hard等只放在句尾。He speaks English well.be badly ill/hurt/damaged/in need2)副詞very 可以修飾形容詞，但不修飾動(dòng)詞。改錯(cuò)： I very like English. I like English very much.2021/4/1369副詞比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)用法同形容詞基本一樣。只是，副詞最高級(jí)形式前的the 通常要省略。He runs fastest in our class.他在我們班跑地最快。 enough 即可當(dāng)形容詞也可當(dāng)副詞；We have enough time t

46、o finish our class.當(dāng)副詞時(shí)，放在其修飾的形容詞后面： He used to be strong enough to lift a bull.2021/4/13706. Alan is a careful driver, but he drives_ of all my friends. (2017上海). A. more carefully B. the most carefully C. less carefully D. the least carefully2021/4/1371有的副詞有兩種形式： 形容詞原形副詞，和 adj+ly副詞。后者傾向于抽象模糊的感覺：cl

47、ose及closelyclose意思是“近”； closely 意思是仔細(xì)地He is sitting close to me. Watch him closely.late 及l(fā)atelylate意思是“晚”； lately 意思是最近You have come too late. What have you been doing lately?deep及deeplydeep是表空間深度； deeply表感情上的深度,深深地He pushed the stick deep into the mud. Even father was deeply moved by the film.2021/

48、4/1372wide及widelywide表空間寬度； widely意廣泛地，在許多地方He opened the door wide.English is widely used in the world.free及freelyfree的意思是“免費(fèi)”； freely 的意思是無限制地You can eat free in my restaurant whenever you like.You may speak freely; say what you likehigh及highlyhigh表空間高度; highly表程度, 相當(dāng)于much。The plane was flying hig

49、h. I think highly of your opinion2021/4/1373 go to bed late. A late train2021/4/1374 選詞填空： 1. “Open the door _, ”said the teacher. A. very wider, B.much widely. C .much wider D. more wider.2.The monitor told them to read the text _.loud B . aloud C .loudly D. louder.3. Look ， the kites flew so_(high, highly).4. The headmaster praised the boy_(high, highly)2021/4/1375I.形容詞和副詞的誤用Complete the sentences.1. Hearing the news, he s