高中英語寫作講座

1、高中英語寫作講座比較下面兩段文字1：I got up very early this morning. I went to visit a farm with my classmates.Wewalked to the farm. The workers welcomed us at the gate and we went to many places. They were very beautiful. And then we had a picnic lunch. Wewere dancing and singing in the party. Finally we said goodb

2、ye to the farmers there.2:I got up very early this morning because I would pay a visit to a farm with my classmates. After about twenty minutes walk, we arrived at the farm, where some workers gave us a warmwelcome. Then they showed us around the farm so that we enjoyed the beautiful scenery and the

3、 harvest there. At noon, we had a picnic lunch and after that we held a party, singing and dancing happily. Whenthe sun set , we said goodbye to the workers. This visit really left me a beautiful memory. 高分作文策略1、結(jié)構(gòu)清新合理：一篇好的書面表達(dá)要有合理的段落層次， 讓人感覺條理清新， 易得高分。 每一段落要有 一個(gè)主題句和幾個(gè)支撐句。 一般文章有三段： 主題段提出問題或論點(diǎn)； 發(fā)展段圍繞

4、主題 討論、論據(jù)或列舉；結(jié)尾段得出結(jié)論，即論證。2、用詞準(zhǔn)確得體：我們常常提到“亮點(diǎn)詞匯”， 這不等于使用頻率較低的偏詞、 怪詞或大詞； 而是要使用 生動(dòng)具體形象的詞匯， 關(guān)鍵是要準(zhǔn)確得體。 如： The Musuemis very beautiful 中的 beautiful 很抽象；改為 The Musuem is magnificent 就更形象具體； 說 The job is very difficult to do 不如說 The job is very challenging. 詞匯彰顯深厚的語言功底。要注意閱讀中留 心積累富有表達(dá)力的詞匯。I decided I would pi

5、oneer a new way, explore unknown powers, and unfold to the world the deepest mysteries of nature.I read all the books I could find that threw light upon these matters.Located in southern Austria, Kitzbuhel is a paradise for skiers.Even though the altitude of the city is not enough to guarantee snow,

6、 the good weather and breath-taking scenery make it a world-class ski resort.3、語句簡(jiǎn)潔流暢：“簡(jiǎn)潔流暢”不等于句子簡(jiǎn)單呆板， 無變化， 而是指意思表達(dá)清楚，語言地道精練，讀起來通暢上口。 高考書面表達(dá)要求100 詞左右，所以不能說廢話、 說糊話； 每句話都必須精練。例如：Li Hua is a student. He comes from Wuhan. He speaks Wuhan dialect. We findit hard to understand. 這段話看似簡(jiǎn)潔，其實(shí)很呆板?？梢孕薷娜缦拢?Li Hu

7、a , a student from Wuhan, speaks Wuhandialect, which we find hard to understand. 修改后的句子，除了簡(jiǎn)潔流暢，更加地道精練，句中既有同位語，又有非限定性定 語從句，表達(dá)靈活，富有變化，體現(xiàn)了良好的語言表達(dá)技巧。4、邏輯銜接自然：為了使文章結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊， 自然流暢， 段落之間要使用適當(dāng)?shù)倪^度語； 句子之間要使用合理的邏輯銜接詞。如： It was very noisy, I could hardly go to sleep.這句話可以修改為： It was so noisy that I could hardly go

8、to sleep / I could hardly go to sleep because it was very noisy / As a result of the noise, I could hardly go to sleep/ Wirh so much noise, I could hardly go to sleep等等。5、表達(dá)靈活多變：一篇好的文章， 要盡可能使用較多的詞語和句式結(jié)構(gòu)， 如： 定語從句、 插入語、 倒裝句、強(qiáng)調(diào)句、被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)和其他常見句型。如： Many people believe that we should keep our own tradition 可

9、以換成 It is widely believed that we should keep our own tradition.We know very little about the accident可改進(jìn)為 Very little is known about theaccident.This is the best hotel you can find here 可以改為 You can t find a better hotel here 或 Nowhere else can you find a better hotel.Wecan solve the problem only w

10、hen everybody takes action 改為 Only when everybody takes action can we solve the problem 會(huì)更好。6、深刻的引語：在文章的開頭和結(jié)尾適當(dāng)使用名言和諺語， 可以起到畫龍點(diǎn)金、 深化主題的作用， 提高 文章品味。Charging entrance fees will no doubt keep some people away. What is more, it will become necessary to build gates and walls, which will do harm to the im

11、age of a city.On the other hand, the rest 40% think that fees should be charged, because you need money to pay gardeners and other workers, and to buy plants and young trees. They suggest, however, fees should be charged low.Everything has two sides. In my opinion, fees should be charged as long as

12、the price is reasonable.Yours trulyLi Hua書面表達(dá)常用步驟一、審題；定要點(diǎn)：注重表達(dá)要點(diǎn)的用詞。用詞體現(xiàn)語言基本功。用詞要生動(dòng)具體形象；避免抽象普通詞匯。二、連句；串要點(diǎn)：注重連詞和句式變化。句與句之間盡可能使用連接詞，使文章連貫流暢；盡可能使句子多樣化，避免呆版。三、組篇；重結(jié)構(gòu)：注重過度語和主題句。適當(dāng)分段和過度語使結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊，思路清晰。示例講解最近一項(xiàng)調(diào)查顯示，我們學(xué)校40%以上學(xué)生不吃早餐。原因：熬夜，早晨沒有胃口；早晨時(shí)間來不及；女孩為保持身材。危害：課堂精神不振，打瞌睡；影響身體和學(xué)習(xí)。建議：自己寫范文參考A recent survey sho

13、ws that over 40% of students in our school go without breakfast, which is indeed a worrying problem.Different reasons account for this phenomenon. On the one hand, many students have the habit of staying up too late at night, as a result, they are not so spiritual and have no appetite for breakfast

14、the next morning. A lot of girls, on the other hand, starve themsekes on purpose just for keeping a good shape.Ignoring breakfast is very harmful to both our health and study. For one thing, they are still growing , for another, they cannot concentrate their attention in class through lack of sleep.

15、To solve this problem, we should have a scientific study plan and keep a balance between study and relaxation. Only in this way can we guarantee a happier life and better study.經(jīng)典賞析1In Western countries, the dragon is an evil （ 邪惡的）animal. It often kills good people. So, a Shanghai professor said th

16、at the dragon was no longer a suitable symbol for China. He thought the image of a dragon might lead Westerners to have a negative opinion of China. What do you think of this issue?Please write an article of no less than 100 words entitled “Is the Dragon a Suitable Symbol for China?”O(jiān)rganize your wr

17、iting in the following pattern:Present （呈現(xiàn)）the problemGive your opinion or attitude and explain your reasonsDraw a conclusionRecently there has been a heated discussion on whether we should continue to use the dragon as China s symbol. Opinions vary from person to person; some people claim that the

18、dragon is no longer a suitable symbol for China.Whereas others don t think so.Those who hold the former view think that it shouldn t be the symbol ofChina. For one thing, in western countries, the dragon is an evil animal.It often kills good people. For another, they think the image of a dragon may

19、lead westerners to have a negative opinions of China.In spite of all the mentioned above, some people still believe that the dragon is beneficial to other symbols. On the one hand, dragon has been a symbol of China since thousands of years ago. It s part of Chinese culture. On the other hand, in Chi

20、na, dragon means the most powerful things.Weighing the pros and cons, I minc lined to side with the latter view. There is no denying that we shouldn t change our culture because of others thoughts. It is obvious that it s just the differences between Chinese and Western cultures!經(jīng)典示例賞析2下面是2001-2004年

21、某市交通事故死亡人數(shù)的坐標(biāo)圖（graph）以及原因調(diào)查。請(qǐng)你以A Worrying Problem 為題，為21世紀(jì)英語報(bào)寫一篇110字左右的英文報(bào)道。反映圖表內(nèi)容，說明造成死亡的原因。文章開頭已給出，不計(jì)入總字?jǐn)?shù)。4000300020001000主要原因調(diào)查.4000300020001000主要原因調(diào)查.私家車和新手急劇增多.缺乏嚴(yán)格訓(xùn)練.違規(guī)駕駛Deaths from car accidents have been climbing rapidly year after year. From the graph above, we can see that in the year 2001

22、, about 800 people died from car accidents;in 2002, the number of deaths nearly doubled. By the year 2003, the number reached as many as 2600, and in 2004, it was already over 4000, which is indeed a worrying problem.Study shows that the most contributing factors for the increasing deaths have been

23、the sharp growth of family cars and new drivers in recent years, many of whom lack strict training.What s worse, some drivers pay littleattention to traffic rules. I hope the local authority will take effective measures to solve the problem.經(jīng)典示例賞析3起點(diǎn)考試23分作文You impressed me at first sight, and I was

24、convinced that I could learn a lot from you. From that time on, you really did teach us a lot and always cheered us up. It s undoubted that your class is fascinating, not only because of your terrific teaching skills, but also how you made us learn. Lots of extracurricular activities were organized

25、to arouse our interests to study English, in which everyone was glad to take part.It is still in my mind that every profound sentence said by you like “Will you ever learn to speak E nglish ” , which is from Jazz Chant, stimulated our confidence to speak English; Never say you can t , which is alway

26、s on your lips, gave us remarkable impression. Moreover, your “Team Spirit concept made us communicate and share. And I am looking forward to your advent to China again.寫作技能的培養(yǎng)詞匯表達(dá)技能的培養(yǎng)句子表達(dá)技能的培養(yǎng)篇章結(jié)構(gòu)技能的培養(yǎng)一、詞匯表達(dá)技巧的培養(yǎng)1、用精確形象的詞匯代替普通抽象的詞匯：I like animals / birds / parrots.He is a good/honest/ generous/sym

27、pathetic/selfish personAfter the match, people ran / poured out of the stadium.The cover of the book is very nice /artistic.His new job is very difficult / challenging.Heavy snow is interesting / exciting.2、避免不必要的詞匯：Have you received the letter that I mailed to you on the 15th of April?Have you rece

28、ived my letter of April 15?The reason that Paul failed in the exam was because of carelessness.The reason Paul failed in the exam was carelessness.He gave many reasons for the failure, but the reasons he gave were not convincing.In my opinion, I think your plan is practical.There was a pine tree tha

29、t stood like a giant on the top of the mountain. It towered over the trees aroundThe giant pine tree on the top of the mountain towered over the trees around it.Mr. Smith usually likes to drink all kinds of wines that are produced inMr. Smith prefers wines produced in France.Mr. Smith prefers French

30、 wines.3、盡量使用習(xí)語：The problem is being discussed.The problem is under discussion.He is finding a new job.He is hunting for / in search of a new job.Most Chinese like tea better than coffeeMost Chinese prefer tea to coffee.He enjoys learning knowledge.He is thirsty for knowledge.4、盡可能使用修辭My love for yo

31、u is very strong.My love for you is like a red rose.I m too busy at present.I m as busy as a bee.People s Republic of China was founded in 1949.The year 1949 saw the founding of the People s Republic of China.二、句子表達(dá)技巧的培養(yǎng)1、注意句子的完整性Those who against the plan raise your hands.Nobody likes being laughed

32、.There were many students attended the lecture.The people went there were mostly students.2主意使用正確的語法結(jié)構(gòu)It was reported that another coal mine accident has happened.With time passed by, technology became more complex.To keep up with the times, English and computer must be learnt.Looking out of the win

33、dow, the grassland stretches as far as the eye can reach. Last weekend, I visited friends, playing computer games and had a game of tennis.His voice is clear, deep and with passion.There are many things you can do here, such as go boating, go swim, and go fishing.A man is judged not only but what he

34、 says but also by his deeds.We thought she was a charming, intelligent, and a very capable woman.We have great faith and hope for her.3盡量使用并列句和復(fù)合句He is good at music and sports-?It was very noisy. I could hardly go to sleep-?I was born in a small village. There was no school in it-?I didn t pass the

35、 exam, John didn t pass either -?He is young, but he knows a lot-?Li is a student. He comes from a southern province. He speaks a dialect. We find it hard to understand-?4盡量使用不同的句型不要總是以人開頭作主語Many people believe that it is important to keep our own tradition.-It is widely believed that Nobody can den

36、y that he is a honest boy.-There is no denying that he When London zoo received rep ort that When report came into London zoo that The monitor is walking ahead of the team, with a flag on his shoulder.- Walking ahead of the team is the monitor, with不要總是用主動(dòng)式We know very little about the accident.Very

37、 little is known about the accident.I ve said much about the problem.Much has been said about the problem.We must pay great attention to environment problem.Great attention must be paid to People hope that the government will take effective measure toIt is hoped that effective measures will be taken

38、 to 3、盡可能使用名詞結(jié)構(gòu)或非謂語動(dòng)詞代替從句If we only apply book knowledge, we can t solve all the problem.The application of book knowledge alone can t solve all the problem.When the girl saw a snake, she let out a cry of surprise.The sight of a snake made the girl Because he didn t study hard, he failed in the exam

39、.The lack of hard work made him fail in If I am given another five minutes, I can finish the work.Given another five minutes, I can After he had done all his homework, he went to bed.Having done / With all his homework done, he went to bed.The professor walked into the classroom and carried a bag of

40、 books with him-?不要總是使用肯定句This is the best hotel you can find here.You can t find a better hotel here.Nowhere else can you find a better hotel.All of us want to improve our writing.There is none of us who doesn t want to improve our writing.We are always fascinated by cats.Cats never fail to fascina

41、te us.5、適當(dāng)使用強(qiáng)調(diào)句和倒裝句Luckily, the accident didn ctause any death or any injuries.Luckily, the ，nor did it cause any injuries.I have never heard of such a strange thing before.Never before have I heard such We can solve the problem when everybody takes action.Only when everybody takes action can we sol

42、ve the problem.People began to pay close attention to the problem when it became so serious.It was when the problem -that people began to pay 三、篇章結(jié)構(gòu)技能的培養(yǎng)Basic structures of an article：Mostly three basic parts:a beginning, a body and an end. 這三部分也稱作： the introduction, the discussion and the conclusio

43、n.The introduction indicates what we are going to talk about; the discussion presents supporting details; the conclusion of cause completes the discussing in a concluding sentence.Sometimes two:An introduction; a story of example1、introductionBackground informationThesis statement(論點(diǎn)陳述)2、bodyTopic s

44、entenceexamples facts Supporting evidence Detailsstatisticsphysical description3、conclusionExample 1Nowadays, the Internet is playing a more and more important role in people s daily life. However, people s opinions are divided on this point.Those who are in favor of the internet claim that it has a

45、 lot of advantages. Firstly, information searching is no longer a tough job with the help of all kinds of search engines. Secondly, we can contact friends or business partners via e-mails or software such as Internet Meeting and Yahoo Messenger.Last but not least, we can take part in groups or maili

46、ng lists to talk with friends of the same interest.Those who are opposed to the Internet hold that disadvantages are many. In the first place, the Internet costs considerable time, money and energy especially for those with less self-control. In the second place, surfing on the Internet for a long t

47、ime harms the eyes a lot. Finally, an increasing number of young people are indulged in online games, which are extremely harmful to their future development.All in all, we can safely come to the conclusion that the pros outweigh the cons. The past twenty years witnessed the past development of the

48、Internet along with national economy. A brighter future is awaiting us if we make good use of the Internet.Other examplesNCN Lesson 5: The Facts:P1: General Introduction:(topic, statement) Editors of newspapers and magazines often go to extreme to provide their readers with unimportant facts and sta

49、tistics. (facts, example) Last year a journalist had been instructed to write P2: A story of exampleNCE Lesson 12: Life on a desert islandThe formation of a paragraph:topic sen.+ supporting sen. + concluding sen.Provide a topic sentence or a general statement for each para：A topic sentence is a brie

50、f statement of the subject of the paragraph, it gives readers a general idea of what you want to say.Go on to develop and support your idea with specific details , facts, and examples.Provide a concluding sentence to restate the main idea.Writing a topic sentenceDon t choose too big an idea:(bad) Pe

51、ople often collect things.(good) People often collect things, such as stamps, books and records.Don t choose too small a subject:(bad) My friend Steve has blue eyes.(good) My friend Steve is jolly, hardworking and kind.The topic sentence must state a fact or an opinion.(bad) Mountain climbing is a g

52、ood sport. (too much to say)(good) Mountain climbing is a good sport because it tests your bravery. (one reason for one paragraph)Writing supporting sentencesMake a list of all the facts or examples you can think of which is related to the statement or topic sentenceSort and choose the most typical

53、ones.(Topic sentence) Autumn is the nicest season of the year in Wuhan. (discussion)The weather in the autumn is very pleasant. The heat of the summer has retreated.A soft and gentle wind blows. In the scenic spots there are many picnickers. The golden stretches of rice and snow-white fields of cott

54、on in the suburbs show that the harvest season is here. (concluding sentence) Indeed, everybody in this city enjoys autumn the most.NCE Lesson 9: Flying cats(statement) Cats never fail to fascinate human beings. (explanations) They can be friendly and affectionate to humans, but they lead mysterious

55、 lives of their own as well. They never become submissive like dogs and horses.(concluding sentence) As a result, humans have learnt to respect felying independence.(topic sentence) Letting off firecrackers should be kept alive. (discussion) It has long been a tradition for the Chinese on their happ

56、y occasions. It not only reflects the heritage of Chinese culture,but adds much to the warmatmosphere of the most important Chinese holidays- the Spring Festival.(concluding sentence) People can t imagine what the holiday would be likewithout such a custom.Unity and coherenceUnity （協(xié)調(diào)一致） :A paragrap

57、h should be unified in that all the sentences in the para. Are focused on one central idea or topic; When you want to introduce a new thought or topic, you should start a new para.Example:Humanscould not survive without rain. All drinking water is supplied by rain.If water supplies become low becaus

58、e of little rain, people must be careful of how they use water. Plants that are used forfood need water, too. Farmers worry all the time about rainfall. Humansand animals need plants to stay alive. Humans also need sunlight too. Sunlight isan importantway to get vitamin D. Plants used for food need

59、sunlight too. It is needed for their growth and to help them bear fruit.Is the above para. unified? Why?Are there any sentences unnecessary?How to improve the para.?Improved oneHumancould not survive without rain. All drinking water is supplied by rain.If water supplies become low because of little

60、rain, people must be careful of how they use water, too. Plants that are used for food need water. Humans and animals need plants to stay alive. Without rainfall life as we know could not exist.Humans also need sunlight. Sunlight is an important way to get vitamin D. Plants used for food need sunlig