Unit1Grammerandusage-完整精講版課件

1、 Unit 1 Laughter is good for you Grammar and usage Overview : infinitive, verb-ing and verb-edMade by Nikistand up fortalk straight todepend onrely onreact toa variety of trip overmake fun ofgo on to dothe Academy Awardshave affection forReviewa technical problemamuse peopletell jokeshave an/a effec

2、t onhowl with laughterfollow in the footsteps of sbfight painIt seems appropriate that pass awaycast, lines, wing, prop, acts, scenes, script,costume, curtain, actress infinitive非謂語動詞 verb-ing verb-edBrainstorming1. I would like _(thank) you for your invitation.2. I am so glad that I have persuade y

3、ou _(apologize) to her.3. Isnt is wonderful _(have) good friends.4. I decide to write rather than _(phone)5. It is very nice _you _(help) me .6. She invite me _(go) to her house and _(watch) CDs.7. She always lets me _(borrow) her Maths notes.8. I would rather _(visit) the dentist than study algebra

4、.9. Why not _(come) to London next Easter ?to thankto apologizeto havephoneofto helpto gowatchborrowvisitcomeExerciseLydia doesnt feel like _(study) abroad. _(gather) around the fire, the tourists dancing with the local people. Sarah pretended to be cheerful, _(say) nothing about the argument. _(fin

5、d) a hotel, we looked for somewhere to have dinner. _(give) good health, I hope to finish the work this year. The plane crashed, _(kill) all 200 people aboard. I was made_(wait) 4 hours before I was examined by a doctor. ExercisestudyingGatheringsayingHaving foundkillingGivento waitTsinghua Universi

6、ty, _(found) in 1911, is home to a great number of outstanding figures._(offer) an important role in a new movie , Andy has got a chance to be famous.Claire had her luggage _(check) an hour before her plane left.Im calling to enquire about the position _(advertise) in yesterdays China Daily.So far n

7、obody has claimed the money _(discover) in the library.A great number of students _(question) said they were forced to practise the piano. ExercisefoundedquestionedcheckedadvertiseddiscoveredOfferedOverview: infinitive, verb-ing and verb-ed (I) Grammar and usageLead-inThe infinitive, verb-ing and ve

8、rb-ed are called non-finite verbs. They can function as different elements in the sentence.The to infinitive and verb-ing forms can be used as the subject as a sentence. * the to infinitive is often used as the subject of a sentence. When we talk about a general idea, we sometimes use the verb-ing f

9、orm as the subject. 籠統(tǒng)概念e.g. To see is to believe. Laughing helps your body stay healthy and can even help you fight pain. * When the subject is a to infinitive, we can use the preparatory subject it at the beginning of the sentence.e.g. It is important to respect people.OverviewThe to infinitive an

10、d verb-ing forms can be used as the subject as a sentence. * After Its no use/ good, we often use the verb-ing form as the real subject.e.g. Its no use crying over split milk. Its no good worrying about it. *We can use for+ object pronoun before the to infinitive as its logical subject.在to 不定式前用“ fo

11、r + 賓格代詞” 作為不定式的邏輯主語。e.g. Its necessary for me to know how to use a computer.Overview2. Non-finite verbs can be used as the attributive. * When used as the attributive, the to infinitive often refers to an action that will happen in the future, the verb-ing form often refers to an action that is con

12、tinuing, and the verb-ed form often refers to a past action or expresses a passive meaning.to - 將來會發(fā)生的動作 v-ing -持續(xù)進(jìn)行的動作v-ed - 過去發(fā)生的動作/被動意義I have some letters to write.The man performing on the stage is a famous comedian.John took many photos of leaves fallen to the ground.In 1975, George Burns acted

13、 in a film called The Sunshine Boys.Overview2. Non-finite verbs can be used as the attributive. * We use being + verb-ed to form the continuous passive. 進(jìn)行時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)e.g. The underground system being built in the city will be open next year. * When the to infinitive is used as the attributive, the noun

14、that it modifies is often the logical object of the to infinitive. Sometimes the noun can be its logical subject, or used in apposition.to 不定式作定語時， 它修飾的名詞通常是帶to 的不定式的邏輯主語。有時也是帶to 不定式的邏輯賓語， 或者用于同位語中。When Jack was young, he had no friends to play with.Tom is often the first one to arrive at school.You

15、 can expect to hear a lot more from Billy Crystal-he has no plans to stop making films.Overview3. Non-finite verbs can be used as the object complement in the sentence. In this case, the to infinitive often refers to an action that will happen in the future, the v-ing form refers to an action that i

16、s taking place, and the v-ed form has a passive meaning.to - 將來會發(fā)生的動作 v-ing -正在發(fā)生的動作v-ed - 被動意義We invite you to watch our performance tomorrow evening.They could only see him standing there moving his lips.After getting off the stage, the actor felt a great weight lifted from him.Overviewlaughing /

17、to laugh (2) to understand(3) participating (4) produced(5) To enjoy/ Enjoying (6) to read/readingExerciseJ: How often do you perform your stand-up routine ?C: I do it quite often. Performing seven days a week isnt a difficult thing for me _.J: Do you need to be fit to be a stand-up comedian ?C: I s

18、hould think so. I travel a lot and, you know, people _ on stage have got to be energetic. I go to the gym quite often.J : Do you write your own material ?C: Yes. I read a lot, and I watch TV, because doing so often gives me something _ about.J ： Do you have to practise your routine ?C : Thats for su

19、re. _is the only way to guarantee a successful performance. Its hard work, but its worth it, because you can see the audience enjoying whatever you say.J: What topics are you most interested in ?C: Social problems. I try to find foolishness in things _ to us as the truth, or, I try to get people _ in a ne