基礎語法及長難句嚴老師講義

1、基礎語法及長難第一部分語一、非謂語動詞（V+ing,1. Sayingis nWeget基礎語法及長難第一部分語一、非謂語動詞（V+ing,1. Sayingis nWegetpleasurefromlovingandbeing。2. （1）ThebeginningstudentshouldbegivenmoreAbalanceddietprovidesnutritionforyour（2）ThoselivingonamountainliveofftheChildrendisciplinedwhentheyareyoungegood3. Hearingthenews,theyysetorSee

2、nfromthepagoda,thesouthfootofthePurpleMountainisaseaofedwhite,thehouselooksHavingwrittenanimportantletter,Iedtothe musicfora 4. Marycomingback,theydiscussedittogether.(=Whenmarycame ndpersistencegiven,onecandogreatthings.(=IfndpersistenceareThemoonhavingrisen,theytookaMarycomingback,theydiscusseditt

3、ogether.(=Whenmarycame ndpersistencegiven,onecandogreatthings.(=IfndpersistenceareThemoonhavingrisen,theytookahefields.(=WhenthemoonhadSo much time having been spent, the work is only half done. (=Though so much time has been A，HehasonesisterwhoisB，Hehasonesister,whoisheheC，AlltheD，Alltheheauditoriu

4、mwhohadenoughofclassicalmusicstarttohe auditorium,whohadenoughofclassicalmusic,starttoE，ThebookstorewhichsellsthisbookisthelargestoneinF，ThebookstorewhereIworkisthe largestoneinA:Thethe putforward istobe discussedatthe 他。B: The t we should import more equipment from abroad is to be discussed at 口1,P

5、artofthefameofAllensbookisitsreveal tdonotrson,1,Heatewhathe paidfor.(=Heate the thepaid2,Thequestionishowwecangettheloan.(=Thequestionis 。3,He toldthemwhohewasandwhathe hadhedefinedand3,He toldthemwhohewasandwhathe hadhedefinedandleasteffectivelywhenwhatistobemeasuredorpredictedcanbenotwell。5, The

6、Greeks t the structure of language had some connection with the s thought,whichtookrootinEuropelongbeforepeoplerealizedhowdiverselanguagescould6, searchcan leak n0.2and7.0 gramsof CO2, depending onhow manyareneededtogetthe“right”0.27.0克的第二部分：其它語法現(xiàn)象1. Ivebeenwaitingforanhourbutshestillhasnt2. He the

7、wouldwait forusatthebus3. Theconcertwillbeginlfpasteight.Theywillhaveplayedhalfanhourwhenyou it1.Itispainfultoreadtheseroundaboutaccounts2.Itmaybe tthemeasureoftheworthofanylinstitutionisitseffectinenlargingimprovingexperience,butthiseffectisnotapartofitsoriginal3. It eresting to t in countries wher

8、e the national diet contains ties unrefinedflourandvegetables,certaindiseasesarecomparatively1.Ifhewereherethisevening,wewouldplay2.IfIhadknownheraddress,Iwouldhavevisitedher3.Weretheygot1.Ifhewereherethisevening,wewouldplay2.IfIhadknownheraddress,Iwouldhavevisitedher3.Weretheygotmarried,theywouldbe

9、 4.Hadyouinformedmer, Ivesignedthe5. Coke town was a town of red brick, or of asheshadallowedt would have been red if the smoke and 6.Theydolhowableanrivilegedyoungstervebeen,hadhegrownupmorefavorable.7. If circumstanalwaysdeterminedthelifeandprospectsofpeople,thenhumanity wouldnever have progressed

10、. （2011）8.Those withdegreesfromeliteuniversitiescatchupfairlyquicklytowhere theyotherwisewould have been if they had graduated in better times.9.This“braindrain”haslongbotheredpolicymakersinpoorcountries.Theytithurtseconomies, depriving them of much-needed skilled workers who could have taught at un

11、iversities,heir hospitals and come up with clever new products for their factories 1. Railroads typically charge such “captive” shippers 20 to 30 percent more another railroad is competing for the business.n they do 2.Whentheyfound,inattemptingtothought,tthehumanbrainsroughlynpreviouslyoretalented a

12、ndhumanperceptionfarmorecomplicated 第三部英語長難句1. The merits of competition by examination are somewhat2.Whentheyfound,inattemptingtothought,tthehumanbrainsroughlynpreviouslyoretalented andhumanperceptionfarmorecomplicated 第三部英語長難句1. The merits of competition by examination are somewhat questionable, k

13、nowledgeilureitively2. ection for the caring s, lly medicine, could be made less by gradesinchemistryandmorebysuchconsiderationsassensitivityand3.Itservesdirectlytoassistafirmhome marketandsomakingdistributionofgoodsatreasonableprice,therebyestablishingsibletoprovidefor .4. Apart from the t twenty-s

14、even acts of ern the terms of advertising, regularadvertiserdarepromoteatfailstoliveuptothepromiseofhis5. If its messagewereconfined merelyto information tin itselfwouldbe difficult if sibletoachieve,forevenadetailsuchasthechoiceofthecolourofashirtadvertising wouldbesotouldpayany6.Theworkerwhogetsap

15、romotion,thestudentwhosegradesimprove,theforeignerwholearnsnew language all these are les of people who have measurable results to show for societieswith patterns of prolonged education coupled with laws against child labor, the period of adolescence is much longer and may include most of the second

16、 decade of ones life.1.Even today, in our industrial life, apart from certain values of industriousness and thrift, ellectualandemotionalreactionoftheformsofhumantionunderwhichtheworldsiscarriedonreceiveslittleattentionascomparedwithphysical2.Themainburdenofttheoftheernmentarewellmanagedonrelatively

17、fewofthefivemillionmenandwomenwhomit500 1.It tends to ignore, and thus eventually to eliminate, many he land tlacklvalue,tareessentialtoitshealthy2.He thenbyasking1.It tends to ignore, and thus eventually to eliminate, many he land tlacklvalue,tareessentialtoitshealthy2.He thenbyaskingmoralquestions

18、,finallybysuggestingactionwhichseemsthefactualandmoralinformationwhichhehashelight3. For the friendships I have and the friendships I see are conducted at many levels serve many different functions, meet different needs and range from those as all-the-way as friendshipofthesoulsistersmentionedabovet

19、ofthemostnonchalantandcasual4. he exclusive economic zone all nations enjoy the right to exercise the high seas freedoms of navigationand over-flight, of the laying of submarine cables and andofallothertraditionalhighseasusesbyshipsandaircraftwhichare notresource。5. The 11 euro members rights to inf

20、late, to finance budget deficits by ing money, to exports temporarily by currency devaluation are being handed over to the new European he erfulsible,by11 6. This seems a justification for neglect of those in need, and a rationalization of exploiion,ofthe superiority of those at the top and the infe

21、riority of those at the bottom.1.Thesystemalsofailedtoregularlyincludewomenonjuriesuntilthemid-20thcentury.servedonejuriesinUtahin1898,itwasnotuntilthetamajorityofmadewomeneligible for juryduty. Even then several es automatically exemptedwomenjurydutyunlessthey throughthellyaskedtohavetheirnamesincl

22、udedonthejurylist.Thispracticehe1960s,womenwereseldomonthejurylistinsomees theywereautomaticallybannedbye theyfellfarshortoftherequiredCtheywereedtoperformdomesticDtheytendedtoevadepublic2. Consequently, he1960s,womenwereseldomonthejurylistinsomees theywereautomaticallybannedbye theyfellfarshortofth

23、erequiredCtheywereedtoperformdomesticDtheytendedtoevadepublic2. Consequently, discovery claims should be thought of as protoscience. Similar ly miningclaims,theyarefullofpotential.Butittakescollectivescrutinyandacceptancetoadiscoveryoamaturediscovery.ThisisthecredibilityItcan be tcredibilitysAstrict

24、inspection. Bshared efforts.individualpersistent3. A century ago, the immigrants from across included settlers and sojourners. he United es came those who with the many folks looking to rmanent entiontostay,and7millionpeoplearrivedwhileabout2milliondeparted.Aboutaquarterall Italian immigrants, for e

25、xanmle, eventually returned to Italy for good. They even had affectionatenickname,“uccellidipassaggio,”birdsof“Birdsofpassage”referstothoseimmigrateacrossleavetheirhomecountries.stayina foregincountryfindpermanentjobs4. Once a discovery es public, the discoverer ellectual credit. But, withminingclai

26、ms,thecommunitytakescontrolofppensnext.hecomplexstructure of the scientific community, researchers make discoveries; editors and gatekeepersbycontrollingthepublications;otherscientistsusethenewfindingtosuitown es; and finally, the public (including other scientists) receives the new discovery eracti

27、on panying technology. As a discovery claim works it through the community, n shared and competing fs about the science and technology involved transforms an individuals discovery o the communitys Itistadiscoveryescredibleafter eralAhasattractedtheattentionofhasbeenexaminedbythe scientifichasreceive

28、drecognitionfromeditorsandreviewers. Dhas been frequently quoted by peer scientists.1.Althoughe-moneymightbemoreconvenientandmaybemorenapaymentsbasedon r,severalfactorsworkagainstthedisappearanceofther 。2.Inspiteof“endlesstalkofdifference,”Americansocietyisanamazingmachinehomogenizing1.Althoughe-mon

29、eymightbemoreconvenientandmaybemorenapaymentsbasedon r,severalfactorsworkagainstthedisappearanceofther 。2.Inspiteof“endlesstalkofdifference,”Americansocietyisanamazingmachinehomogenizing3.Insteadimateshopscateringtoaknowledgeableelite,thesewerestoresanyonecouldregardlessofclassor 4. n dismissing our

30、selves as unchangeable creatures of habit, we can instead direct ownchangebyconsciouslynew5. The jury is also said to be the best ive democracy.surviving le direct democracy ntdbeendespitethetitquestionedthelegalbasisranting3002005 IBM 的7.SomeWallStreetinvestmentarmedthemselveswithpatentsforlproduct

31、s,eventhey itionsincourtcasesingthe六、whilewhereas1. Throughout the evening one man had been particularly talkative frequently offering ideas and anecdotes, while his wife sat silently beside him on the couch.2.WhileproducingtiesofCO2,thesecomputersemitagreatdealof 3.While itiseasytoignoreinourcontac

32、twiththemtheeffectofouractsupontheirition,isnotsoeasyasindealing4.WhereastheSupreme stesdohavesomeregulatoryauthority overer, legal scholars erst Vermont case will offer a precedent-setting test of how far 1. Thus, the anthropological concept of “culture”, like the concept of athematics, is 4.Wherea

33、stheSupreme stesdohavesomeregulatoryauthority overer, legal scholars erst Vermont case will offer a precedent-setting test of how far 1. Thus, the anthropological concept of “culture”, like the concept of athematics, is abstractconceptsibleimmenseamountsofconcreteresearchand2.Ontheotherhand,hedidnot

34、acceptaswellfoundedthechargemadebysomeofhiswhilehewasagoodobserver,hehaderof 3. Jack London o his writings all the pain of his life, the fierce hatred of the t ad producedin him,andtheconvictiond broughtto tthe worldcouldbe lacetoliveiniftheexploitedwouldriseupandtakethemanagementofsocietyoutofhands

35、ofthe4. Along with them goes l mobility, ambition to rise in the urban world, a main factor bringingdownthebirthsinhenineteenth 。5.Soinvolvedwiththeircomputersdotheoftenhavetoforcethemtobreakforsportsandetleadersatsummercomputers。6.Onlyafterstudiesprovidedevidenceoftheharmfuleffectsofsuchprogramshas

36、ittomodifyTVprogramming7. Only when humanity began to get its food in a more productive way was there time for other 8. Scientists do not know exactly how the damages the immune system, nor do understandwhythenaturalantibodiesdevelopedtodestroyare9.Onlygraduallywastheby-productoftheinstitutionnoted,

37、andonlymoregraduallystillwaseffectconsideredasadirective8. Scientists do not know exactly how the damages the immune system, nor do understandwhythenaturalantibodiesdevelopedtodestroyare9.Onlygraduallywastheby-productoftheinstitutionnoted,andonlymoregraduallystillwaseffectconsideredasadirectivehecon

38、ductofthe 1. Nervous ns should bet, ime when cars andcomponents all oneanother,anationalidentitye avitalpartofthe 2. Nor, if regularity and conformity to a standard pattern are as desirable to the scientist as writingofhisthe “odd balls”among researchers in favor of more conventionalthinkerswho work wellwith 3. I have