發(fā)動機(jī)曲軸工藝設(shè)計(jì)及其中兩道工序的夾具設(shè)計(jì)畢業(yè)論文

1、發(fā)動機(jī)曲軸工藝設(shè)計(jì)及其中兩道工序的夾具設(shè)計(jì)摘 要本文主要介紹了發(fā)動機(jī)曲軸工藝設(shè)計(jì)及其中兩道工序的夾具設(shè)計(jì)。本文作者是在保證產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量、提高生產(chǎn)率、降低成本、充分利用現(xiàn)有生產(chǎn)條件、保證工人具有良好而安全勞動條件的前提下進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)的。在工藝設(shè)計(jì)中，作者結(jié)合實(shí)際進(jìn)行理論設(shè)計(jì)，對曲軸傳統(tǒng)生產(chǎn)工藝進(jìn)行了改進(jìn)，優(yōu)化了工藝過程和工藝裝備，使曲軸的生產(chǎn)加工更經(jīng)濟(jì)、合理。在夾具設(shè)計(jì)部分，作者在收集加工所用機(jī)床、刀具及輔助工具等有關(guān)資料后，對工件材料、結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)、技術(shù)要求及工藝分析的基礎(chǔ)上，按照夾具設(shè)計(jì)步驟設(shè)計(jì)出符合曲軸生產(chǎn)工藝及夾具制造要求的夾具。關(guān)鍵詞：發(fā)動機(jī) 曲軸 工藝 夾具AbstractThis text i

2、ntroduce engine crankshaft technological design and two of them jig of process design mainly. The author of this text is guaranteeing product quality, boost productivity, lower costs, utilize existing working condition, guaranteeing worker to have good work prerequisite of terms to design . In techn

3、ological design, the author combine carrying on theory design, improve the traditional production technology of the crankshaft actually, optimize craft course and craft equip, enable economy rational even more of production and processing of the crankshaft. Designing in the jig , the author collect

4、the relevant materials, such as lathe, cutter and handling tool，etc. At the foundation of the analyse of work piece material, specification requirement and craft, and make jig of request according to jig measure design and cankshaft production technology and jig.目 錄 TOC o 1-3 h z u HYPERLINK l _Toc2

5、61722996 摘 要1 HYPERLINK l _Toc261722997 Abstract2 HYPERLINK l _Toc261722998 第1章 緒論 水平分力： QUOTE 垂直分力： QUOTE 在計(jì)算切削力時，必須考慮安全系數(shù)，安全系數(shù) QUOTE 基本安全系數(shù)， QUOTE QUOTE 加工性質(zhì)系數(shù)， QUOTE QUOTE 刀具鈍化系數(shù)， QUOTE QUOTE 斷續(xù)切削系數(shù)， QUOTE 因此， QUOTE 按照夾具設(shè)計(jì)原則合理確定夾緊力的作用點(diǎn)和作用方向，即應(yīng)計(jì)算夾緊力的大小。計(jì)算夾緊力是很復(fù)雜的問題，一般只能粗略的估計(jì)。因?yàn)樵趭A緊過程中，工件受到切削力、重力、沖擊

6、力、離心力和慣性力等的作用，從理論上講，夾緊力的作用必須與上述作用力（矩）平衡。但是在不同條件下，上述作用力在平衡系中對工件所起的作用是各不相同的。為了簡化夾緊力的計(jì)算，通常假設(shè)工藝系統(tǒng)是剛性的，切削過程是穩(wěn)定的，在這些假設(shè)條件下，根據(jù)切削力試驗(yàn)計(jì)算公式求出切削力，然后找出加工過程中最不利的瞬時狀態(tài)，按靜力學(xué)原理求出夾緊力的大小。夾緊力大小的計(jì)算通常表現(xiàn)為夾緊力矩與摩擦力矩的平衡。夾緊力的計(jì)算公式： QUOTE 式中 QUOTE 在最不利條件下由靜力學(xué)平衡計(jì)算求出夾緊力； QUOTE 實(shí)際需要的夾緊力；安全系數(shù)，一般取 QUOTE QUOTE 。粗加工取大值，精加工取小值。本夾具采用螺旋聯(lián)動夾

7、緊，增力比公式為：扳手長 QUOTE 螺紋中徑螺紋升角 QUOTE 螺紋摩擦角由螺紋直徑12及手柄長200mm（ QUOTE 、 QUOTE 可查到）求得：為克服水平切削力，實(shí)際夾緊力N應(yīng)為式中， QUOTE 和 QUOTE 為夾具定位表面及夾緊表面上的摩擦系數(shù)， QUOTE ，螺桿作用力為：因此本夾具安全可靠。4.1.5夾具精度分析夾具放在機(jī)床上必然會有一定的夾具定位誤差，所謂的定位誤差是由于定位不準(zhǔn)造成的某工件在工序尺寸（通常是指加工表面對工序基準(zhǔn)的距離尺寸）或位置度要求表面的加工誤差。夾具的定位誤差通常包括兩方面：夾具各元件之間的位置誤差；夾具中各定位元件的磨損。曲軸在定位時，主要依靠定

8、位支柱來定位，而定位支柱在定為過程中又包括兩部分配合，襯套2和夾具體的配合 QUOTE 和襯套2與定位支柱的配合 QUOTE QUOTE 。定為誤差關(guān)鍵就在這兩部分的配合公差。 QUOTE 的公差為 QUOTE QUOTE 的公差為 QUOTE 則，其公差為 QUOTE ； QUOTE 的公差為 QUOTE QUOTE 的公差為 QUOTE 則，其公差為 QUOTE 所以其最大間隙為：通常，對某一定位方案，經(jīng)分析計(jì)算其可能產(chǎn)生的定位誤差，只要小于有關(guān)尺寸或位置公差的 QUOTE ，一般即認(rèn)為定位方案能滿足該工序的加工要求。而曲軸在該夾具上的允許誤差為 QUOTE ，因此，該夾具定為滿足要求。工

9、件在夾具中的位置是由定位元件確定的，當(dāng)工件上的定位表面一旦與夾具上的定位元件相接觸或相配合，作為一個整體的工件的位置也就確定了。當(dāng)對于一批工件來說，由于在各個工件的有關(guān)表面之間，彼此在尺寸及位置上均有著在公差范圍內(nèi)的差異，但每個被定位元件的某些表面都會有自己的位置變動量，從而造成在工序尺寸和位置要求上的加工誤差。該零件在本工序的精度要求為自由公差，而本工序的主要定位面主軸頸3，尺寸精度要求也為自由公差，根據(jù)經(jīng)驗(yàn)，其對加工誤差的影響在要求范圍內(nèi)。4.1.6夾具設(shè)計(jì)及操作的簡要說明如前所述，在設(shè)計(jì)夾具時首先著眼于定位精確，裝卸方便。在定位過程中，由于主軸頸3及其主側(cè)面已經(jīng)粗磨過，已經(jīng)達(dá)到較高的精度

10、（ QUOTE ），以其作為定位基準(zhǔn)，以定位鐵2作為定位部件，對其進(jìn)行定位能夠達(dá)到要求的定位精度（ QUOTE ）；再把它放在其工作平臺墊鐵1上，然后通過手柄與壓板螺栓驅(qū)動壓板推動曲軸向墊鐵2移動并將其壓緊。鉆孔的過程是通過鉆模板的定位，在襯套1內(nèi)的襯套的導(dǎo)向作用下，采用6高速鋼錐柄加長麻花鉆對曲軸進(jìn)行鉆削，形成通孔，從而完成打直油孔工參考文獻(xiàn)1 張洪波. HYPERLINK /kns50/detail.aspx?filename=2004126767.nh&dbname=CMFD2005&filetitle=4102%e7%b3%bb%e5%88%97%e6%9f%b4%e6%b2%b9%e

11、6%9c%ba%e6%9b%b2%e8%bd%b4%e8%ae%be%e8%ae%a1%e4%b8%8e%e5%b7%a5%e8%89%ba%e5%88%86%e6%9e%90 t _top 4102系列柴油機(jī)曲軸設(shè)計(jì)與工藝分析D. 天津大學(xué), 2003. 2 李玉森. HYPERLINK /kns50/detail.aspx?filename=2004126446.nh&dbname=CMFD2005&filetitle=%e5%85%ad%e7%bc%b8%e6%9f%b4%e6%b2%b9%e6%9c%ba%e6%9b%b2%e8%bd%b4%e6%9c%ba%e6%a2%b0%e5%8

12、8%b6%e9%80%a0%e5%b7%a5%e8%89%ba%e7%a0%94%e7%a9%b6%e5%8f%8a%e5%ba%94%e7%94%a8 t _top 六缸柴油機(jī)曲軸機(jī)械制造工藝研究及應(yīng)用D. 天津大學(xué), 2003. 3 紀(jì)有君. HYPERLINK /kns50/detail.aspx?filename=2006166178.nh&dbname=CMFD2006&filetitle=%e4%b8%ad%e5%a4%a7%e5%8a%9f%e7%8e%87%e5%86%85%e7%87%83%e6%9c%ba%e6%9b%b2%e8%bd%b4%e5%88%b6%e9%80%a

13、0%e5%b7%a5%e8%89%ba%e6%8a%80%e6%9c%af%e7%a0%94%e7%a9%b6 t _top 中大功率內(nèi)燃機(jī)曲軸制造工藝技術(shù)研究D. 山東大學(xué), 2006. 4 孫麗. HYPERLINK /kns50/detail.aspx?filename=2005136684.nh&dbname=CMFD2005&filetitle=%e5%9f%ba%e4%ba%8ePro%2fE%e4%ba%8c%e6%ac%a1%e5%bc%80%e5%8f%91%e7%9a%84%e6%9b%b2%e8%bd%b4%e8%ae%be%e8%ae%a1%e7%b3%bb%e7%bb

14、%9f t _top 基于Pro/E二次開發(fā)的曲軸設(shè)計(jì)系統(tǒng)D. 東北林業(yè)大學(xué), 2005. 5 蔡雪凌. HYPERLINK /kns50/detail.aspx?filename=2004126412.nh&dbname=CMFD2005&filetitle=%e9%ab%98%e7%b2%be%e5%ba%a6%e5%86%85%e7%87%83%e6%9c%ba%e6%b0%94%e7%bc%b8%e4%bd%93%e5%8f%8c%e8%bd%b4%e5%ad%94%e7%b2%be%e9%95%97%e7%bb%84%e5%90%88%e6%9c%ba%e5%ba%8a%e8%ae%

15、be%e8%ae%a1%e6%8e%a2%e8%ae%a8 t _top 高精度內(nèi)燃機(jī)氣缸體雙軸孔精鏜組合機(jī)床設(shè)計(jì)探討D. 天津大學(xué), 2002. 6 褚守云. HYPERLINK /kns50/detail.aspx?filename=2007153904.nh&dbname=CMFD2007&filetitle=16V280%e6%9b%b2%e8%bd%b4%e5%8a%a0%e5%b7%a5%e5%b7%a5%e8%89%ba%e7%a0%94%e7%a9%b6 t _top 16V280曲軸加工工藝研究D. 上海交通大學(xué), 2007. 7 郭東國. HYPERLINK /kns50/

16、detail.aspx?filename=2004126636.nh&dbname=CMFD2005&filetitle=CY4112%e6%9f%b4%e6%b2%b9%e6%9c%ba%e6%9c%ba%e4%bd%93%e5%8a%a0%e5%b7%a5%e5%b7%a5%e8%89%ba%e7%9a%84%e8%ae%be%e8%ae%a1%e7%a0%94%e7%a9%b6 t _top CY4112柴油機(jī)機(jī)體加工工藝的設(shè)計(jì)研究D. 天津大學(xué), 2003. 8 劉鳳彬. HYPERLINK /kns50/detail.aspx?filename=2006053221.nh&dbnam

17、e=CMFD2006&filetitle=%e6%9f%b4%e6%b2%b9%e6%9c%ba%e6%9c%ba%e4%bd%93%e7%bc%b8%e5%ad%94%e5%8f%8a%e7%bc%b8%e5%a5%97%e5%ad%94%e5%8a%a0%e5%b7%a5%e8%b4%a8%e9%87%8f%e9%97%ae%e9%a2%98%e6%8e%a2%e8%ae%a8 t _top 柴油機(jī)機(jī)體缸孔及缸套孔加工質(zhì)量問題探討D. 天津大學(xué), 2005. 9 孔江波. HYPERLINK /kns50/detail.aspx?filename=2006053220.nh&dbname=

18、CMFD2006&filetitle=CYQD32%e6%9f%b4%e6%b2%b9%e6%9c%ba%e6%9c%ba%e4%bd%93%e5%8a%a0%e5%b7%a5%e7%ba%bf%e7%9a%84%e8%ae%be%e8%ae%a1%e4%b8%8e%e5%ae%9e%e6%96%bd t _top CYQD32柴油機(jī)機(jī)體加工線的設(shè)計(jì)與實(shí)施D. 天津大學(xué), 2005. 10 譚達(dá)輝. HYPERLINK /kns50/detail.aspx?filename=2006023665.nh&dbname=CMFD2006&filetitle=YC6105ZLQ%e6%9f%b4%e

19、6%b2%b9%e6%9c%ba%e6%9b%b2%e8%bd%b4%e5%89%8d%e7%ab%af%e7%bb%93%e6%9e%84%e7%a0%94%e7%a9%b6 t _top YC6105ZLQ柴油機(jī)曲軸前端結(jié)構(gòu)研究D. 吉林大學(xué), 2005.11 楊寶田. HYPERLINK /kns50/detail.aspx?dbname=CMFD2005&filename=2004125933.nh&filetitle=4D%e5%9e%8b%e6%9f%b4%e6%b2%b9%e6%9c%ba%e6%9b%b2%e8%bd%b4%e5%8a%a0%e5%b7%a5%e5%b7%a5%

20、e8%89%ba%e8%ae%be%e8%ae%a1 4D型柴油機(jī)曲軸加工工藝設(shè)計(jì)D. 天津大學(xué),200412 孫文亮. HYPERLINK /kns50/detailref.aspx?filename=2005013463.nh&dbname=CMFD2005&filetitle=%e6%9f%b4%e6%b2%b9%e6%9c%ba%e9%9b%b6%e9%83%a8%e4%bb%b6%e5%8e%bb%e6%af%9b%e5%88%ba%e6%8a%80%e6%9c%af%e7%a0%94%e7%a9%b6 t _top 柴油機(jī)零部件去毛刺技術(shù)研究D吉林大學(xué), 2004. 13 陸俊利.

21、 HYPERLINK /kns50/detailref.aspx?filename=2006132896.nh&dbname=CMFD2006&filetitle=%e6%9c%ba%e5%ba%8a%e4%b8%bb%e4%bc%a0%e5%8a%a8%e7%b3%bb%e7%bb%9f%e8%be%85%e5%8a%a9%e8%ae%be%e8%ae%a1 t _top 機(jī)床主傳動系統(tǒng)輔助設(shè)計(jì)D哈爾濱工程大學(xué), 2006. 14 劉鳳彬. HYPERLINK /kns50/detail.aspx?dbname=CMFD2006&filename=2006053221.nh&filetitl

22、e=%e6%9f%b4%e6%b2%b9%e6%9c%ba%e6%9c%ba%e4%bd%93%e7%bc%b8%e5%ad%94%e5%8f%8a%e7%bc%b8%e5%a5%97%e5%ad%94%e5%8a%a0%e5%b7%a5%e8%b4%a8%e9%87%8f%e9%97%ae%e9%a2%98%e6%8e%a2%e8%ae%a8 柴油機(jī)機(jī)體缸孔及缸套孔加工質(zhì)量問題探討D. 天津大學(xué),200515 孫云山. HYPERLINK /kns50/detail.aspx?dbname=CMFD2005&filename=2005031373.nh&filetitle=%e5%a4%a7

23、%e5%8a%9f%e7%8e%87%e6%9f%b4%e6%b2%b9%e6%9c%ba%e6%9b%b2%e8%bd%b4%e6%a0%91%e8%84%82%e7%a0%82%e9%93%b8%e9%80%a0%e5%b7%a5%e8%89%ba%e7%9a%84%e7%a0%94%e7%a9%b6 o 大功率柴油機(jī)曲軸樹脂砂鑄造工藝的研究 相似度 3% t _blank 大功率柴油機(jī)曲軸樹脂砂鑄造工藝的研究D. 南京理工大學(xué), 200516 鄧文英. 金屬工藝學(xué)D. 高等教育出版社，200517 關(guān)文達(dá). 汽車構(gòu)造.吉林大學(xué)D，199918 紀(jì)名剛. 機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì).西北工業(yè)大學(xué)，20011

24、9 陳小復(fù). 連鑄機(jī)械設(shè)備操作、維修及20常見故障處理與自動化控制實(shí)用手冊.清華大學(xué)D.200120 機(jī)械工程手冊委員會. 機(jī)械工程手冊.2版.北京；國防工業(yè)大學(xué)出版社，199021 成大先.機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)圖冊：第一卷.化學(xué)工業(yè)出版社，2000 總結(jié)曲軸是發(fā)動機(jī)中的關(guān)鍵零件之一，其材質(zhì)大體分為兩類：一是鋼鍛曲軸，二是球墨鑄鐵曲軸。由于采用鑄造方法可獲得較為理想的結(jié)構(gòu)形狀,從而減輕質(zhì)量，且機(jī)加工余量隨鑄造工藝水平的提高而減小。球鐵的切削性能良好，并和鋼制曲軸一樣可以進(jìn)行各種熱處理和表面強(qiáng)化處理，來提高曲軸的抗疲勞強(qiáng)度和耐磨性。而且球鐵中的內(nèi)摩擦所耗功比鋼大，減小了工作時的扭轉(zhuǎn)振動的振幅和應(yīng)力，應(yīng)力集中

25、也沒有鋼制曲軸來的敏感。所以球墨鑄鐵曲軸在國內(nèi)外得到廣泛采用。本次設(shè)計(jì)中曲軸的材質(zhì)為球鐵。目前，國內(nèi)大部分專業(yè)廠家普遍采用普通機(jī)床和專用組合機(jī)床組成的流水線生產(chǎn)，生產(chǎn)效率、自動化程度較低。曲軸的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)項(xiàng)目仍與國外相差12個數(shù)量級。但我相信我們會趕上并超過國外曲軸熱處理的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)是表面強(qiáng)化處理。一般均正火處理，為表面處理作好組織準(zhǔn)備。表面強(qiáng)化處理一般采用感應(yīng)淬火或氮化工藝，少數(shù)廠家還引進(jìn)了圓角淬火技術(shù)和設(shè)備。球鐵曲軸具有諸多優(yōu)點(diǎn)，國內(nèi)外廣泛采用。但整體水平與國外還有相當(dāng)差距，除生產(chǎn)規(guī)模小、管理落后外，主要差距仍是制造工藝的落后。借鑒國外的先進(jìn)技術(shù)和工藝方法是提高我國曲軸制造水平的捷徑。制定工藝

26、規(guī)程的思路是：收集和熟悉制定工藝規(guī)程的有關(guān)資料圖樣，進(jìn)行零件的結(jié)構(gòu)工藝性；確定毛坯的類型及制造方法；選擇定位基準(zhǔn)；擬定工藝路線；確定各工序的工序余量、工序尺寸及其公差；確定各工序的設(shè)備，刀具、夾具、量具和輔助工具；確定各工序的切削用量及時間定額；確定主要工序的技術(shù)要求及檢驗(yàn)方法；進(jìn)行技術(shù)經(jīng)濟(jì)分析，選擇最佳方案；編制工藝文件。夾具設(shè)計(jì)的思路是：明確設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù)，收集設(shè)計(jì)資料；擬訂夾具的結(jié)構(gòu)方案、繪制結(jié)構(gòu)草圖；繪制夾具總裝圖。繪制夾具總裝圖的順序和方法：用雙點(diǎn)化線或紅色筆繪出工件的輪廓外形和主要表面，并用網(wǎng)紋線表示出加工余量；視工件輪廓為透明體，分別繪出定位、導(dǎo)向、夾緊及其他元件或裝置，最后繪制夾具體

27、，形成一個夾具整體；標(biāo)注尺寸、公差與配合和技術(shù)要求；對零件進(jìn)行編號，填寫零件明細(xì)欄和標(biāo)題欄；繪制夾具零件圖。通過本次的畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)，使我能夠?qū)镜闹R做進(jìn)一步的了解與學(xué)習(xí)，對資料的查詢與合理的應(yīng)用做了更深入的了解，本次進(jìn)行電火花加工機(jī)的設(shè)計(jì)，對我們在大學(xué)期間所學(xué)的課程進(jìn)行了實(shí)際的應(yīng)用與綜合的學(xué)習(xí)。致 謝隨著這篇畢業(yè)論文的完成，我四年的大學(xué)生活也即將劃上一個圓滿的句號?；貞涍@四年生活的點(diǎn)點(diǎn)滴滴，從入學(xué)時對大學(xué)生活的無限憧憬到課堂上對各位老師學(xué)術(shù)學(xué)識的深沉沉湎，從奔波于教室圖書館的來去匆匆到業(yè)余生活的五彩繽紛，一切中的一切都是歷歷在目，讓人倍感留戀，倍感珍惜。 四年大學(xué)的學(xué)習(xí)生活注定將成為我人生中的

28、一段重要旅程。四年來，我的師長、我的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)、我的同學(xué)給予我的關(guān)心和幫助，使我終身收益，我真心地感謝他們。 在本文的撰寫過程中，李燕老師作為我的指導(dǎo)老師，他治學(xué)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)，學(xué)識淵博，視野廣闊，為我營造了一種良好的學(xué)術(shù)氛圍。 在此特向李燕老師致以衷心的謝意！置身其間，耳濡目染，潛移默化，使我不僅接受了全新的思想觀念，樹立了明確的學(xué)術(shù)目標(biāo)，領(lǐng)會了基本的思考方式，掌握了通用的研究方法，而且還明白了許多待人接物與為人處世的道理。其嚴(yán)以律己、寬以待人的崇高風(fēng)范，樸實(shí)無華、平易近人的人格魅力，與無微不至、感人至深的人文關(guān)懷，令人如沐春風(fēng)，倍感溫馨。正是由于他在百忙之中多次審閱全文，對細(xì)節(jié)進(jìn)行修改，并為本文的撰寫提供

29、了許多中肯而且寶貴的意見，本文才得以成型。在這次畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)中也使我們的同學(xué)關(guān)系更進(jìn)一步了，同學(xué)之間互相幫助，有什么不懂的大家在一起商量，聽聽不同的看法對我們更好的理解知識，所以在這里非常感謝幫助我的同學(xué)。 此外，本文參考了大量雜志期刊和專業(yè)叢書，由于參考期刊太多，不能一一注明，敬請?jiān)彶⑾蛩凶髡吆涂镏乱哉\摯的謝意！由于本人水平有限，紕漏之處在所難免，懇請各位老師不吝賜教。外文翻譯Crank the engine of development of processing technology trendsAfter entering the 21st century, the engine c

30、rankshaft manufacture process, tools in all aspects. Leadership for nearly half a century of many knives cutting process and manual process, due to the low and the poor flexible machining precision, is gradually from the stage of history. High-speed, high efficient compound processing technology and

31、 equipment quickly into the automobile and automobile parts manufacturing, high efficient compound processing technology in the crankshaft production process in a degree of application, and will be the inevitable developing trend.The crankshaft processing technology and equipment statusAt present, t

32、he domestic older crankshaft production by ordinary machine and the most special machine, production efficiency and automation is relatively low. Balancing device generally adopted the crankshaft lathe cutting knife shaft neck and neck connecting shaft, working procedure quality stability, easy to p

33、roduce large processing stress, difficult to achieve reasonable limits.but. Widely used as ordinary precision MQ8260 crankshaft grinding machine for the coarse grinding and fine grinding, polishing, grinding, usually by artificial operation, the processing quality instability, dimension tolerance.On

34、e of the main characteristics of old line is too common, processing equipment, ductile iron crankshaft assembly line has 35 to 40 sets of equipment. The author examines the domestic a crankshaft forging steel production, the neck and the milling spindles and nc precise neck connecting shaft neck and

35、 neck car after a number of processes to finishing processes. Grinding side So this line of more than 60 sets of equipment, product line, site turnaround occupied large area, the production efficiency is completely by multiple devices decomposition processes and allowance to improve.But todays car e

36、ngine crankshaft manufacture is facing the following problemsIt is based on the above situation, since the beginning of the 21st century, high-speed, high precision, high efficient compound processing technology and equipment in automobile crankshaft manufacture rapidly, production efficiency improv

37、ed, so the crankshaft production line production equipment engine number was reduced. The author once in a car engine crankshaft production line equipment, including heat treatment, surface strengthening) only 13 equipment, product line, short cycle of high efficiency, easy machining quality control

38、.The crankshaft compound machining technology developmentIn the late 1980s, Germany BOEHRINGER company and HELLER company developed perfect crankshaft car - car pulled machine, this process is turning process and crankshaft crankshaft wheeled craft perfect combination, high production efficiency and

39、 machining precision, good flexibility, high automation degree, in short time, especially for the sword of the crankshaft is heavy cutting groove, processing can be directly after the crankshaft jingmo, save the coarse grinding process. Therefore, the crankshaft car - car pull processing technology

40、is an international popular in balancing the crankshaft processing.In the mid 1990s appeared new CNC milling machine makes the crankshaft high-speed balancing process and the crankshaft on a new step. CNC milling and CNC within the crankshaft speed milling, internal and external crankshaft mill has

41、disadvantages: not easy to knife and cutting speed is low (usually less than 160m/min), the cutting time longer, more investment, circulation machine for a long time. And CNC milling speed, has the following advantages of the crankshaft, high speed cutting ($350m/min), cutting time is shorter, proce

42、ss cycle time is shorter, cutting force is lesser, low temperature workpiece, the tool life, high in fewer knife, machining accuracy is higher, flexible better. Therefore, CNC milling is outside the crankshaft high-speed balancing the development direction of the crankshaft. According to expert intr

43、oduction, crankshaft car, car, suitable for shaft neck is heavy cutting groove, the balance blocks side of the crankshaft; without processing But the milling process is not high axial have heavy cutting slots of the crankshaft. The milling machine for Germany BOEHRINGER company VDF 315 OM - 4 with t

44、he high-speed milling machine, it is specially designed for the German BOEHRINGER automobile engine crankshaft design and manufacture of CNC milling machine, the flexible application of workpiece and milling equipment for servo control technology, can a year-end clamping dont change the crankshaft r

45、otary center, and following the crankshaft connecting shaft neck milling. VDF 315 OM - 4 with high-speed milling and integration of the composite structure of bed, workpiece, electronic synchronization driver ends with dry cutting machining, high precision, high efficient cutting, This machine use 8

46、40D CNC control system, SIEMENS through input parts of basic parameters can be automatically generate processing procedure, can be processed in length and diameter of 4.5-700mm 380mm in all kinds of crankshaft connecting within its axis, 0.02 mm diameter error for.By comparison, balancing the popula

47、r process of crankshaft is: by car and main journal and high-speed milling process, the neck and the high speed milling speed servo tend to outside, adopt dry milling machining. Because the overseas such equipment, product processing cost price is expensive, some domestic tool manufacturers (e.g., q

48、inghai second machine manufacturing Co., LTD) successively developed nc crankshaft lathe, milling machine, high-speed nc crankshaft lathe, nc crankshaft car special machine.The crankshaft grinding precision CNC cylindrical grinder with domestic situation has quite common, product processing precisio

49、n has considerable improvement. To meet the increasing demands of the crankshaft, crankshaft grinding machining forward high requirements. In addition to modern crankshaft grinding machine with high static, dynamic stiffness and high machining accuracy, still require a high grinding efficiency and m

50、ore flexible. In recent years, the more the requirement of crankshaft grinding machine with stable machining precision of the crankshaft grinding machine, therefore, provided the process capability coefficient, which means 1.67 experiment.it Cp requirement of crankshaft grinding machine processing t

51、olerance than the crankshaft given half of tolerance. With modern drive and control technology, measurement and control (cubicborazin CBN grinding and advanced machine), the application of components for crankshaft grinding high-precision grinding efficiency, created conditions. As a kind of connect

52、ing with the grinding process neck. It reflects the comprehensive application of these new technologies specific results achieved. With this technology can significantly improve grinding crankshaft connecting the grinding efficiency, neck and flexible machining precision machining. On the neck for c

53、onnecting with the crankshaft grinding, with spindle rotation axis, neck for clamping down at once and for all the neck. Connecting grinding In grinding process, grinding head swinging into to realize reciprocating the eccentric, tracking the connecting rod neck for turning grinding. To realize the

54、X axis with grinding, but must have high dynamic performance, still must have enough, to ensure the tracking accuracy requirements of neck connecting shape tolerance. The application of CBN wheels is connecting with neck important condition of grinding. Due to the high resistance CBN wheels in the g

55、rinding process, the diameter of the grinding wheel is almost constant, a dressing grinding 600-800 can crank. CBN wheels can also adopts high grinding speed, in general can adopt the crankshaft grinding up to 120 140m/s grinding speed, high grinding efficiency. Fixture systemFixture first appeared

56、in the 18th century fixture later. Along with the science and technology unceasing progress, already from a fixture auxiliary tool development becomes a complete range of process equipment. 1 The machine tools fixtureThe international association for the study of the production of statistics shows t

57、hat in the present, and small batch production of workpiece varieties of workpiece species varieties has total 85%. Modern production requirements of products manufactured by enterprises, in order to adapt to the frequently update market demand and competition. However, general enterprises are still

58、 used the traditional special jig, usually in a medium production capacity of the plant, to have about 10,000 sets of even special jig, On the other hand, in many varieties of production enterprises, every 3 4 years will update 50 80% special jig and fixture actual wear only for 10-20%. Especially i

59、n recent years, nc machine tools and machining center, the group technology, flexible manufacturing systems (FMS) new processing technology, the application of the machine tools fixture to put forward new requirements as follows: 1) can be quickly and easily equipment production of new products, to

60、shorten the production preparation period, lower production cost, 2) can have a group of clamping workpiece similarity characteristics, 3) could be used for precision machining precision machine tool fixtures, 4) to be applicable to all kinds of modern manufacturing technology of the new type of mac