非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞做題技巧市公開課金獎(jiǎng)市賽課一等獎(jiǎng)?wù)n件

1、Non-finite Verb1. to do 2.-ing 3.done非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞復(fù)習(xí)專題第1頁(yè)1.謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞：概述：2. 非謂語(yǔ)詞：在句子中擔(dān)任謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是動(dòng)詞特殊形式，在句中能夠作除謂語(yǔ)外全部成份非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞講解一 ：謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞判別謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞及非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞方法1. She got off the bus, _ (leave) her handbag on her seat.2. She got off the bus, but _ (leave) her handbag on her seat.leavingleft第2頁(yè)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞使用條件一個(gè)句子當(dāng)中，已經(jīng)存在一個(gè)主句（謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞）,又沒(méi)

2、有連詞情況下, 還有別動(dòng)詞出現(xiàn)時(shí)。 1. The man took out the key, _ (open) the door and entered the room.2. The man sat there, _ (read) a book.3. _ (work) hard, and you will succeed.4. The question _ (discuss) at the meeting yesterday is of great importance.5. _(improve) his spoken English, Mr. Zhang goes to the Engli

3、sh corner every Saturday.openedreadingWork discussedTo improve 第3頁(yè)非謂語(yǔ)不定式（to do)分詞動(dòng)名詞（-ing)過(guò)去分詞(-ed)現(xiàn)在分詞(-ing)v- ingv-ed非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞講解二：組成第4頁(yè)動(dòng)詞不定式基本形式主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)普通式完成式進(jìn)行式 to doto be doneto have doneto have been doneto be doing由不定式符號(hào)to加動(dòng)詞原形組成。其否定式由not+不定式組成有時(shí)為了強(qiáng)調(diào)也可用never第5頁(yè) 不定式時(shí)態(tài)使用方法 1. 不定式動(dòng)作與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞同時(shí)發(fā)生時(shí)，或之后發(fā)生,用普

4、通時(shí)態(tài) 1) He wanted _ (see) you. 2) I hope _(see) you again.to seeto seeto be readingto have writtento have been working4. 強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作從過(guò)去某時(shí)開始，一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，并可能連續(xù)下 去時(shí)，用完成進(jìn)行式 She is said (work) on the problem for many years.3. 強(qiáng)調(diào)不定式動(dòng)作在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前發(fā)生時(shí)，用不定式完成時(shí) He is said _ (write) a novel last year. 2. 強(qiáng)調(diào)不定式動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行時(shí)， 用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài) Wh

5、en I came in, he pretended (read) a book. 第6頁(yè)分詞基本形式被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)完成式 主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)普通式過(guò)去分詞現(xiàn)在分詞doingbeing donehaving donehaving been donedone及物動(dòng)詞（do)不及物動(dòng)詞(go)主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)having gonegonegoing第7頁(yè)3）否定形式“not+分詞”。 Not having found her child, the mother was very worried.注意1) 現(xiàn)在分詞 普通式表示和謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生或此時(shí)正在進(jìn)行行為； 完成式（having +過(guò)去分詞)表示在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞

6、所表示動(dòng)作之前發(fā)生動(dòng)作。Seeing from here, we can have a good view of the Birds Nest. Having finished the lessons, all the students went back home.2) 過(guò)去分詞 表示在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作之前發(fā)生，本身表示被動(dòng)含義，沒(méi)有完成式。第8頁(yè)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞主語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)賓補(bǔ)狀語(yǔ)不定式動(dòng)名詞現(xiàn)在分詞過(guò)去分詞非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞講解三：句法作用 第9頁(yè)動(dòng)詞不定式To do that sort of thing is foolish。I want to see you this eveningAll you

7、 have to do is to finish it quickly.We found a house to live in.She came here to study English.I warned the patient not to drink cold water after the operation. 主語(yǔ) 賓語(yǔ)表語(yǔ) 定語(yǔ) 狀語(yǔ) 賓補(bǔ)第10頁(yè)動(dòng)詞不定式動(dòng)詞-ing 形式動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞普通式to dodoingdone普通被動(dòng)式to be donebeing done完成式to have donehaving done完成被動(dòng)式to have been donehaving be

8、en done進(jìn)行式to be doing完成進(jìn)行式to have been doing非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式（以do為例）第11頁(yè)Tom returned from the managers office, telling me that the boss wanted to see me at once.2. The news meeting, to be held in that hall, has already been crowded with reporters. 3. Having reached the very peak of the Everest, the climbers c

9、heered against the fierce north wind. 4. He keeps buying expensive maps. 5. I heard the girl singing in the classroom.6. The man talking with my father is Mr. Wang.7. As soon as she entered the room, the girl caught sight of the flowers bought by her mother.8. To live is to struggle. (生活就是斗爭(zhēng)。)找出以下句子

10、中非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞（含短語(yǔ)）第12頁(yè)下面從二個(gè)方面來(lái)復(fù)習(xí)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞1.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞七大經(jīng)典標(biāo)準(zhǔn)2.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞解題四大步驟第13頁(yè)一.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 七大經(jīng)典標(biāo)準(zhǔn)第14頁(yè)原則一：用作目狀語(yǔ)，原則上要用不定式標(biāo)準(zhǔn)二：用作伴隨狀語(yǔ)，標(biāo)準(zhǔn)上要用現(xiàn)在分詞標(biāo)準(zhǔn)三：用作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，可用-ing或不定式標(biāo)準(zhǔn)四：凡是含有被動(dòng)意義時(shí)，標(biāo)準(zhǔn)上要用過(guò)去分詞。標(biāo)準(zhǔn)五：非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，其邏輯主語(yǔ)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)上應(yīng)與 主句主語(yǔ)保持一致標(biāo)準(zhǔn)六：強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作之前時(shí)，標(biāo)準(zhǔn)上要用完成式標(biāo)準(zhǔn)七：用于名詞后作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是：用不定式，表示動(dòng)作還未發(fā)生; 用-ing，表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行; 用過(guò)去分詞，表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生，同時(shí)表示被動(dòng)意義英語(yǔ)非謂

11、語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞題七條經(jīng)典標(biāo)準(zhǔn)第15頁(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)一：用作目標(biāo)狀語(yǔ)，標(biāo)準(zhǔn)上要用不定式When asked why he went there， he said he was sent there _ for a space flight. （江西卷） A. training B. being trained C. to have trained D. to be trained【解析】因?yàn)檫M(jìn)行航空飛行訓(xùn)練是他被派往那兒目標(biāo)，所以 要用不定式，所以可排除 A 和 B。另外，因?yàn)椤八迸c“訓(xùn)練” 為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故選 D。 如：She got up very early to catch up the first bu

12、s.2. _ this cake， youll need 2 eggs， 175 g sugar and 175 g flour.（廣東卷） A. Having made B. Make C. To make D. Making to catch up the first bus.第16頁(yè)3.As the light turned green， I stood for a moment， not _， and asked myself what I was going to do. (湖南卷)A. moved B. moving C. to move D. Being moved4. He s

13、at _ to her _ the stairs. A. to listen; to climb B. listening; to climb C. listening; climb D. listening; to climbing 【解析】listen是伴隨sat而同時(shí)由主語(yǔ)he發(fā)出，所以用-ing 作伴隨狀語(yǔ)；listen to 后跟不帶to不定式/-ing作賓補(bǔ)?！窘馕觥恳?yàn)榕c句子主語(yǔ)之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，且表示當(dāng) 時(shí)連續(xù)了一會(huì) 兒，故用-ing。句意為：當(dāng)信號(hào)燈變綠時(shí)，我站在那兒一會(huì)兒沒(méi)動(dòng)，心想自己該怎么辦。 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)二： 用作伴隨狀語(yǔ)，標(biāo)準(zhǔn)上要用-ing. listen to do/doin

14、g 第17頁(yè)ing形式作伴隨狀語(yǔ)與 to do作目標(biāo)狀語(yǔ)區(qū)分：作伴隨狀語(yǔ)ing形式與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生且前面經(jīng)常帶一逗號(hào);而作目標(biāo)狀語(yǔ)不定式動(dòng)作要在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作后發(fā)生,且前面不能用逗號(hào)。用括號(hào)里詞適當(dāng)形式填空1. Write to the editor, _ that the editor would be able to help her（ hope ）2.She reached the top of the hill and stopped there _ on a big rock( rest )3.The secretary worked late into night , _ a

15、long speech. ( prepare )4. _ warm, we shut all the windows. ( keep )preparingto resthopingTo keep,第18頁(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)三：用作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，可用-ing或不定式，其標(biāo)準(zhǔn)區(qū)分是，普通用-ing，表示一定邏輯結(jié)果，即結(jié)果在意料之中。不定式用作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)表示非邏輯結(jié)果，即結(jié)果在意料之外。5. The glass doors have taken the place of the wooden ones at the entrance，_ in the natural light during the day. （天

16、津卷） A. to let B. letting C. let D. having let 【解析 此處用-ing 表示自然而然結(jié)果。 如：It rained heavily， causing severe flooding in that place. 6. Oil prices have risen by 32 percent since the start of the year，_ a record US$ 57. 65 a barrel on April 4. （山東卷） A. have reached B. reaching C. to reach D. to be reachin

17、g 第19頁(yè) 8. He hurried to the booking office only _ that all the tickets had been sold out. （陜西卷） A. to tell B. to be told C. telling D. told 7.He hurried to the station, only _ that the train had left. (廣東卷) A. to find B. finding C. found D. to have found【解析】only to do sth 在此表示出人意料結(jié)果。第20頁(yè)練一練：The capt

18、ain got me to believe that the water was so warm so I went off into the Pacific to swim ashore to an island, only _(discover) his idea of warm wasnt quite the same as mine.He left his hometown 20 years ago , never _(see) again.He left his hometown 20years ago, never _ (return)to be seento returnto d

19、iscover擴(kuò)展：S + V + , + never to do sth / to be done 某人做從未/再也不/ 不被第21頁(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)四：凡是含有被動(dòng)意義時(shí)，標(biāo)準(zhǔn)上要用過(guò)去分詞。不過(guò)，假如所包括動(dòng)作還未發(fā)生，則用不定式被動(dòng)式；假如所包括動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行，則用-ing被動(dòng)式.9.The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle _. （浙江卷） A. to be heard B. to have heard C. hearing D. being heard 【解析】依據(jù)句意，此處指是“被聽見”，故要用被

20、動(dòng)式，所以 可排除 B 和 C。另外，因?yàn)椤霸O(shè)法被聽見”為目標(biāo)狀語(yǔ)，動(dòng)作在 當(dāng)初還未發(fā)生，故用不定式，即選 A。 第22頁(yè)11. When she came in, she was surprised to find a stranger _ at the back of the classroom with his eyes _ upon her. A. seating; fixing B. to seat; fixing C. having seated; fixed D. seated; fixed10. At the beginning of class, the noise of d

21、esks _ could be heard outside the classroom.A. opened and closed B. to be opened and closedC. being opened and closed D. to open and close【解析】of 后應(yīng)接-ing，desks 與open and close 之間存在邏輯上被動(dòng)關(guān)系，又因could be heard，所以選-ing被動(dòng)式表正在被進(jìn)行動(dòng)作。of a stranger his eyessittingseat vt. fix ones eyes upon=I was seated.I seate

22、d myself.=I sat down第23頁(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)五：非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，其邏輯主語(yǔ)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)上應(yīng)與主句主語(yǔ)保持一致.12. Faced with a bill for $10,000，_. （陜西卷）A. John has taken an extra jobB. the boss has given John an extra jobC. an extra job has been takenD. an extra job has been given to John 13. While watching television，_. （全國(guó)卷III） A. the door bell rang

23、 B. the doorbell rings C. we heard the doorbell ring D. we heard the doorbell ringswatchingfaced with(be) faced with第24頁(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)六：強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作之前時(shí)，標(biāo)準(zhǔn)上要用完成式（依據(jù)情況可用不定式完成式或ing完成式） 14._ from other continents for millions of years， Australia has many plants and animals not found in any other countries in the w

24、orld. （湖北卷）Being separated B. Having separatedC. Having been separated D. to be separated 15. The manager，_ it clear to us that he didnt agree with us， left the meeting room. （江西卷） A. who has made B. having made C. made D. makinglefthas第25頁(yè)16.Li Ming is said _ abroad. Do you know what country Yes, I

25、n London. A. to have studied B. to study C. to be studying D. to have studyinghe studied in ?he will study in?he studies in?CABisSb is said to do 聽說(shuō)第26頁(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)七：用于名詞后作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是： 用不定式，表示動(dòng)作還未發(fā)生; 用-ing，表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行; 用過(guò)去分詞，表示動(dòng)作被動(dòng)、完成。17.There will be more than three hundred scientists attending the meeting _ the da

26、y after tomorrow. A. hold B. holding C. held D. to be held 18. There are hundreds of visitors _ in front of the Art Gallery to have a look at Van Goghs paintings.（上海卷） A. waited B. to wait C. waiting D. wait the meeting the day after tomorrowvisitors第27頁(yè)19. “Things _ never come again!”I couldnt help

27、 talking to myself. （湖南卷） A. lost B. losing C. to lost D. have lost 20. The last one _ pays the meal. Agreed!（全國(guó)I） A. arrived B. arrives C. to arrive D. arriving ThingsThe last onelose vt.lose sb/sth注：受 the first， the second . the last 修飾名詞或代詞后標(biāo)準(zhǔn)上要用不定式作定語(yǔ)。練一練：你是第二個(gè)犯這錯(cuò)誤人。 You are the second to make t

28、he mistake. 第28頁(yè)Translate the following sentences into English.1. 這是一個(gè)已經(jīng) 討論了問(wèn)題。2. 這是一個(gè)正在 討論問(wèn)題。3. 這是一個(gè)將要 討論問(wèn)題。This is a problem discussed. （已經(jīng)完成被動(dòng)動(dòng)作）This is a problem being discussed. （正在進(jìn)行被動(dòng)動(dòng)作）This is a problem to be discussed. （將要進(jìn)行被動(dòng)動(dòng)作）discussed being discussed to be discussed已經(jīng)正在將要第29頁(yè)原則一：用作目狀語(yǔ)，標(biāo)

29、準(zhǔn)二：用作伴隨狀語(yǔ)，標(biāo)準(zhǔn)三：用作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)，標(biāo)準(zhǔn)四：凡是含有被動(dòng)意義時(shí)，標(biāo)準(zhǔn)五：非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，標(biāo)準(zhǔn)六：強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作 之前時(shí)，標(biāo)準(zhǔn)七：用于名詞后作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，原則一：用作目狀語(yǔ)，原則上用不定式.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)二：用作伴隨狀語(yǔ)，標(biāo)準(zhǔn)上用-ing.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)三：用作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)，可用-ing/ to do ,標(biāo)準(zhǔn)區(qū)分是：-ing 表示一定邏輯結(jié)果，to do 表示非邏輯結(jié)果。標(biāo)準(zhǔn)四：凡是有被動(dòng)意義時(shí)，標(biāo)準(zhǔn)上要用過(guò)去分詞。 假如動(dòng)作還未發(fā)生，則用不定式被動(dòng)形式； 假如動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行，則用-ing被動(dòng)形式。標(biāo)準(zhǔn)五：非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，標(biāo)準(zhǔn)上其邏輯主語(yǔ)應(yīng)與主句主語(yǔ)保持一致。標(biāo)準(zhǔn)六：強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作之前，

30、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)上要用完成式（-ing 完成式或不定式完成式）標(biāo)準(zhǔn)七：用于名詞后作定語(yǔ)，標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是：不定式表示動(dòng)作尚未發(fā)生；-ing表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行：過(guò)去分詞表示動(dòng)作完成，被動(dòng)。第30頁(yè)二. 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞解題四大步驟第31頁(yè)（一）分析句子結(jié)構(gòu),區(qū)分“謂語(yǔ)與非謂語(yǔ)”_many times , but he still couldnt understand it .2. _many times , he still couldnt understand it .Having been told B. Being told C. He had been told D. Though he was toldC_A注意連

31、詞第32頁(yè)3.It _ a hot day, wed better go swimming. 4. _ a rainy day ; we decided not to go there.is B. to be C. beingD.It being E. It was F. beenCE注意標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)第33頁(yè) 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞雖不能作謂語(yǔ)，但仍含有動(dòng)詞特點(diǎn)，其邏輯上動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者就叫做邏輯主語(yǔ)。（二）找邏輯主語(yǔ)1.Walking along the street one day, she saw a little girl running up to her.2.She is reading a book

32、found on the way.3.Most of the artists invited to the party were from South Africa. 4. Convinced of the truth of the reports, he told his colleagues about it. 普通來(lái)說(shuō)，作狀語(yǔ)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞邏輯主語(yǔ)是句子主語(yǔ)；作賓補(bǔ)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞邏輯主語(yǔ)是賓語(yǔ)；作定語(yǔ)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞邏輯主語(yǔ)是被修飾詞。第34頁(yè) A. to take B. taking C. to be taken D. takenD B1._ everything into consideratio

33、n, they ought to have another chance.2.Everything _into consideration, they ought to have another chance.Everythingthey第35頁(yè)（三）分析語(yǔ)態(tài)分析語(yǔ)態(tài)就是在確定邏輯主語(yǔ)之后，分析非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和邏輯主語(yǔ)在搭配使用時(shí)是主動(dòng)還是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。“You cant catch me !” Jane shouted, _ away. A. run B. running C.to run D. ran 2. _ in the mountains for a week, the two studen

34、ts were finally saved by the local police. A. Having lost B. Lost C. Being lost D. LosingJane the two students第36頁(yè)（四）分析時(shí)態(tài)1. The building _now will be a restaurant .2. The building _ next year will be a restaurant .3. The building _last year is a restaurant.having been built B.to be built C.being bui

35、lt D. built _C_B_D第37頁(yè)二. 找邏輯主語(yǔ)三、分析語(yǔ)態(tài)四、分析時(shí)態(tài)一. 區(qū)分“謂與非謂”三. 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞解題步驟方法總結(jié)：謂非謂，找主語(yǔ)，析語(yǔ)態(tài)，定時(shí)態(tài)第38頁(yè)P(yáng)ractice第39頁(yè)從高考試題看非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞考查方向考點(diǎn)一：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞區(qū)分。1. The sun was setting when my car _31_(break) down near a remote and poor village. 2. While she was getting me _34_(settle) into a tiny but clean room, the head of

36、the village was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to a small town some 20 kilometres away where there was a garage. brokesettled第40頁(yè) 1.For example, the proverb, “plucking up a crop_32_(help) it grow”, is based on the following story. 2.Being too anxious to help an event develop often _40_ (res

37、ult) in the contrary to our intention. to helpresults第41頁(yè)1.She wished that he was as easy _32_ （please）as her mother，who was always delighted with perfume. 2.Besides，shopping at this time of the year was not a pleasant experience: people stepped on your feet or _34_ （push）you with their elbows（肘部），h

38、urrying ahead to get to a bargain. 3.Her mother was excited. “Your father has at last decided to stop smoking,” Jane _40_ （inform).to pleasepushedwas informed第42頁(yè)1.After a four-day journey, the young man_33_ (present) the water to the old man. 2.After the student left, the teacher let another studen

39、t taste the water. He spit it out, _37_(say) it was awful. I got on the bus and found a seat near the back, and then I noticed a man 18 (sit) at the front. He 19 (pretend) that a tiger toy was real and giving it a voice. presentedsayingsitting/sitwas pretending第43頁(yè)考點(diǎn)二：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作定語(yǔ)。例2（高考湖南卷）21. The ability _ （express）an idea is as important as the id