英語二翻譯強(qiáng)化講義

1、第V語20102015英Sustainability e a popular word these days, but to Ted Ning, the concept alwaysal meaning.Havingenduredapainfulperiodofunsustainabilityin hisown made itclear toand 第V語20102015英Sustainability e a popular word these days, but to Ted Ning, the concept alwaysal meaning.Havingenduredapainfulp

2、eriodofunsustainabilityin hisown made itclear toand tsustainability-orientedvaluesmustbeexpressedthrougheverydayNing recalls spending aconfusing he late linginsurance. Hed been boomandburstand,desperateforajob,signedonBoulderIt didnt go well. It was a really bad move tsnot my , says Ning, dilemmaabo

3、utthejob translated, oa lackof sales.Iwasmiserable. I had sot I would wake he middle of the night and stare at the ceiling. I had no andneededthejob.Everyonesaid,Justwait,youllturnthecorner,giveitsomeWhowould have t, globally, the ITindustry about the same volumes greenhouse gasesas the worlds airli

4、nes d4roughy2 percent ofall CO Many everyday tasks take a surprising toll on the environment. search can n0.2and7.0gramsofCO,dependingonhowmanyattemptsareneededtogettheanswer. To deliver results to its users quickly, has to ain vast data ties of around the world, packed erful computers. While produc

5、ing these computers emit a great deal of heat, so the centers need to be well air-conditioned, usesevenmoreand other big tech providers monitor their efficiency closely and improvements. Monitoring is andnotjustby bigstep on the road to reduction, but there is much to be When people in countries wor

6、ry about migration, they are usually concerned the prospect of their best and brightest departure to Silicon Valley or to hospitals and in the developed world. These are the kind of t countries like Britain, Canada AustraliatrytoattractbyusingimmigrationtprivilegecollegeLots of studies have t well-e

7、ducated people from countries particularly likely to emigrate. A big survey n households carried out in 2004 tnearly 40% of emigrants had n a high-school education, compared round 3.3% of25.ThisbarindrainhaslongbotheredpolicymakersinpoornsThey t it hurts theireconomies, depriving them ofmuch-needed

8、skilled workers who have theiruniversities,heirhospitalsandcomeupwithclevernewfortheirfactoriestoIcanpickadatefromthepast53yearsandknowinstantlywhere Iwas,ppenedthenewsandeventhedayofk.IvebeenabletodothissinceIwas Ineverfeel overwhelmedwith theamount ofinformationmy brainabsorbs. Mymind to be able t

9、o cope and the information is stored away ney. When I think of a sad memory, I do what everybody does 3 try to put it to one side. I dont Ineverfeel overwhelmedwith theamount ofinformationmy brainabsorbs. Mymind to be able to cope and the information is stored away ney. When I think of a sad memory,

10、 I do what everybody does 3 try to put it to one side. I dont think its harder for me just because memory is erful memory doesnt make my emotions any more acute or vivid. I recall the day my grandfather died and the sadness I felt when we went to the hospital the before. I also t the musical Hair op

11、ened on Broadway on the same day 3 they justomyhesameMost people would define optimism as being endlessly happy, ts half full. ts exactly the kind of false titive psychologists mend. Healthy optimism means being in touch with reality, says Tal Ben-Shahar, Harvard professor. According to Ben-Shahar,

12、realistic optimists are those who make the best ppen,butnotthosewhoveeverythinghappensfortheBen-Shahar uses three optimistic exercises. When he feels na after giving a ecue4egrantshimselfto be human. Hereminds t not every lecture bea Nobelwinner, some willbe less n others. Nextis reconstruction. yze

13、s weak lecture, learning lessons for the future about what works and what doesnt. Finally, there , which involves doesntthe grand scheme of life, one lecture Think about drivinga ts veryfamiliar. It couldbe your comminutes to work,a o town or the wayhome. Whichever it is, you know everytwist step tu

14、rn like the back of hand. On these steps of trips its easy to lose concentration t you t the trip takenlessnitactuallyThisisthewell-travelledroadeffect.PeopletendtounderestimatethetimeittakestotravelThe effect is caused by the way we allocate our attention. When we travel down well-known route, beca

15、use we ve to concentrate much, time seems to flow more And afterward, when we come to think back on it, we cant remember the journey well wedidntpaymuchattentiontoit.Sowemeitwas文2010 每的行和選擇o能得到體他急需到一份因m就2他急需到一份因m就22q發(fā)愣2q身無V文需要份2大家都說等等看過一段時(shí)間情況b好轉(zhuǎn)的 信o術(shù)行業(yè)的許多常對境p了意想O到的t害2每用谷歌搜索一k就b l要好的空調(diào)境而又b考 許多研表明發(fā)展中家

16、過好教育的人尤w可2 對s家庭的大規(guī)表明將40%移居外的人過高中P教育而P之形p對的是 考 是期幾2四歲q就有了種能力夠得祖2014P2 據(jù)他的的PO者是去極情而O是等情b自2之的了P的O個(gè)階段2他心情P落時(shí)44如一個(gè)糟糕都要求貝爾標(biāo)準(zhǔn)有將來累驗(yàn)2最一個(gè)階段是前瞻q們要認(rèn)識到在生命的宏_藍(lán)中k 2015 2015 P O需要z中精力b感覺時(shí)間流逝較快2一回想段路程因注意力沒有部考英 的英語 譯2012520132010201020192010 O解; 英46)Yetwhenonelooksatthephotographsofthegardencreatedbythehomeless,/it d

17、et,foralltheirdiversityofstyles,/thesegardensspeakofvariousotherfundamentalftofdecorationandcreativeg.(39d整個(gè)子是一個(gè)復(fù)合wn 引一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語t中t 引的是一個(gè)語e詞短語狀語2t中t 引的是一個(gè)語e詞短語狀語2 does the idea strike you?個(gè)意你覺得怎N?4decoration是裝潢1裝飾1裝飾等意思ewhen one looks at the photographs of the garden created by the homeless是when 引的時(shí)間狀語2

18、語 one 表示泛指一個(gè)人1q們1大家2he gardens 直譯花園就了2when one looks at the photographs of the garden 可直qw的時(shí)候the homeless 是無家可_的人1流浪漢2raed by the homeless 直aren到 garden花園2個(gè)部Vqq無家可_者建來的2O妨P的譯文調(diào)整然而q們看到的照wet strikes 2srke qO是打但是聯(lián)系PQ文O能 it strikes 它打了q們它而是形式語真l的的t的內(nèi)容shtese gardensspeak of tofdecorationandcreative花園道了ot

19、herfundamentalurges,超了2是q們看照w的體b strike one 最q象或者說深深的震撼了q們 e. diversity 是多的意思syes 是風(fēng)格2個(gè)部意的their指的是Qgardens由Q文bfhese gardens speak of various other fundamental urges aea q 的意思2花園道了X種w他的q需求2個(gè)譯文可接但是部V可直種w他的q需求意思表達(dá)O明確2可返回原文看看既然說w他的需求P就有一個(gè)對的需求2l好P文有eslf-is a basic human urge自q表達(dá)X花園道了人類有很多w是詞短語狀語2beyond 是

20、1tofdecorationandcreative decoration 然而q們看到的照w看到那無家可_者建的花園之時(shí)感到了深深然而q們看到的照w看到那無家可_者建的花園之時(shí)感到了深深考小 第2015 年英譯漢aesad behaviors are formed. It Peoplehavewonderedforalongtimehowelligent and another is nor why one is cooperative noteasytoexplainwhyanotherisl scientists aef ceeehese types of questions. want

21、to explain ossess certaincharacteristics and exhibit certain behaviors. There are clear answersyebuttwo distinct schools of thoughtonthe matter have developed. As one might expectthetwo approaches are very different from each other. The controversy is often convenientlyreferredtoasnaturevs.nurture.(

22、62)Thosewho support the nautre side of t alities tours ebehaviorpatternsarelargelydeterminedbybiologicalfactors.if anyhno do with our abescacerscs and behavior is central to this theory. Taken anexreehstheorytourbehaviorispredeterminedtosuchagreattarealmosterned byour Thosewhosupportthenutrureeor ts

23、eyadvocateeduaonaeoftenbehaviorists. They t our environment is more n our biologically earSredbytheirsurroundings.Thebehavioristswhosebehaviorisalmosty like chnehuans respond to environmental stimuli as the basis of their Let us examine the different explanations about one human caacersc eeeofferedb

24、ythetwotheories.Supportersofthenautretheorytwearebornt is biologically determined. Needless to aye dont tcapacity for factors in the environment have much influence on what is basically a characteristic. On the other hadehavrss telligencelevelsaretheproductour . t the child who is raised in an envir

25、onment therearemanystimuliwhichdevelophisorhercapacityforappropriateresponseswillgreater ellectualheUnitedThe landpoliticalimplicationsofthesetwotheoriesareelligence tests. This leads some blacks often score below whites on proponentstotblacks arebiologicallyinferiorto whites. (5)havrssn ca t in sco

26、res are duetherearemanystimuliwhichdevelophisorhercapacityforappropriateresponseswillgreater ellectualheUnitedThe landpoliticalimplicationsofthesetwotheoriesareelligence tests. This leads some blacks often score below whites on proponentstotblacks arebiologicallyinferiorto whites. (5)havrssn ca t in

27、 scores are due to the t blacks are often deprived of many of educationalandotherenvironmental twhitesMostpeoplethinkneitherofthesetheoriescanyetfullyexplainhuman漢Thefactt the energy rsswhh ddenly been lly annoucdas with us for a long time noand will be with us for an even longer time. Whether Arab

28、oil freelyor notit isclear totworldindustrycannotbeallowedtodependonsofragilebase.(71)The supplyof oil can be shut off unexpectedlyatany eand in anyasee oil willallrun hirtyyearsorsoatthepresentrateof(72)Newofenergy mustbe fundand this will take ebut it is not likely toresultin any t will ever se of

29、 cheap and plentiful energy we have times past. For an indefinite period from here ind is going to advance ayaconsideritselftitcanadvance atTo make the situation worsee is as yet no t any slowing of the populationisinsight.Althoughthebirthratehasdroppedinsomenaonsncudngtheeshe population of the worl

30、d retopasssixbillionandperhapsevensevenbillionthecentury(73) The food supply will not increase nearly enough to match hswhiheading o a crisis he matter of producing and marketing food.Taking all thiso acountwhatmight we reasonably estimate supermarkets to be like in the year2001? twe To begin whe wo

31、rld food supply is going esteadilytighter overthe next yereven heUnitedes.y2001e population of the United eswillsibly dred seventy onand the nation will find dred fifty million difficult to expand food production to fill the additional mouths. (74)This will be particularly since energy pinch will ma

32、ke it difficult to continue he high energy tmakes sibletocombinefewfarmerswithhighItseems almost hat by2001the Unitedes will no longer be a greatfood nationtf sityexorst will be at the price of belt tightening at Infactas fooditemswillendtodeclineinqualityanddecreaseinvarietythereisveryto beincreasi

33、nguseofflavouringadditives.(75)Untilsuch timeasindhasthe sense toits population to the po where the planetcan provide a comfortable supportfor aeopewill have toacceptmore unnautralfood.漢 ligenceatbestisanmptive consruc4he meaning of the word has never clear. (71)There is more agreement on the kinds

34、of behavior referred to by the term n there on how retorclassifythem.Butitisgenerallytrsonof elligence hocanea cea caa mathematical symbols in solving problems. a rough measure of a capacity for learning the kinds of things required in school. It does not measure rladusenphscaenuraceaua skillsor edt

35、4thocanea cea caa mathematical symbols in solving problems. a rough measure of a capacity for learning the kinds of things required in school. It does not measure rladusenphscaenuraceaua skillsor edt4twasdesigned for such es.(72)Tocriticize itfor suchfailure is roughly comparable toathermometerforno

36、tmeasuringwindThe other thing we have to notice essentiallyacomparativet the assessment of elligence of any subject (73)Now since the assessment of elligence is a comparative matter we must be tthe scalewithwhichwearecomparingoursubjectsprovidesaavlidorafircomparison.Itt some of the difficulties ere

37、st us begin. Any test performed involves at three factors: ention to do ones bete knowledge required for understanding what have to ond ellectual ability t. two must be equal for all who being coaedf any ermselligenceistobemade.Inschoolpopulationsmptions can be made fair and aea the value our cultur

38、e these testing has been proved thoroughly. Its of corsen its providinga satisfactory for prediction. No one he he marks a little child gets on his test; what erested in is whetherwe canconclude from his mark on the t the child will do or n other children of his age at tasks which we think require c

39、anbedrawn cec(75)On thewholesuch the child can be med to have had the same attitude towards the test as the others with he is beingcoaedand only if he was not punished by lack of relevant information which 漢(71)The method of scientific investigation is nothing but the of the mode of working of the h

40、uman mind; it is simply the mode by which all phenomena are about and given precise and exact explanation. There is no more deenebut there is just same kind of een the mental operations of a man of science and those of a there is n the operations and methods of a baker or of a weighing out his goods

41、 in common caesa the operations of a chemist in performing difficult and ysis by means of his balance and finely graded weights. (72)It is t the scales in the one aea the balance in the oherdfr in the principles of construction or manner of working; t the latter is much finer apparatus and of course

42、 moreaccurateinits ntheYouderstand this beerprhapf I give you some familiar allhearditt men of science work by means of ncto_納法and ecntby the help of these oeaonseyn a sort of seneaage to extract from Nature wndt out of teby some lskillof their oty build up their (74)And it is imagined by comparedwi

43、ththese ea t the operations of the common mind can be by no tthey have to be acquiredby a sortof ltraining.hear all these large wrdsyu would tthe mindofa manofscience mustbet of his fellow men; but if you will not be frightened by ryou differently t you are quite gt all these terrible apparatus are

44、being used yourselveseverydayandeveryhourofyourThere is a well-known incident in one of Morespaywhretheauthormakesthehero thehadbeentalkingproseh文duringthewholehishe same waI t youwill take cofoand be delighted with eethe t you have been t you are quite gt all these terrible apparatus are being used

45、 yourselveseverydayandeveryhourofyourThere is a well-known incident in one of Morespaywhretheauthormakesthehero thehadbeentalkingproseh文duringthewholehishe same waI t youwill take cofoand be delighted with eethe t you have been acting on the principles of inductive and deductive during the same peri

46、od. (75)Probably there is not one here who has he course of the had to set in motion a complex train of rag the very same ddiffering in egeast which a scientific man goes racing the causes of 漢Accordingtothenewschoolofscientists,technologyisan overlookedforceinexpanding horizons of scientific knowle

47、dge. (71)Science moves forward, they say, not so much through the insights of great men of genius as because of more ordinary things like improved techniques tools.(72)nIshort,aleaderofthenewschoolcontends,htescientificrevolution,aswecallwas largely the improvement and invention and use of a series

48、of t expanded reach of science in innumerable directions. (73) Over the years, tools and technology asa source of fundamentalinnovationhave largelybeenignored byhistoriansandphilosophers science. The modern Maxwell, Einstein, and ils technology t such masters as Galileo, ch as Edison attached great

49、importance to, and derived benefit from, craft information and technological of different t were usable scientific experiments. The iece of the argument of a technology-yes, genius-no was ysis of Galileos role at the start of the scientific revolution. The wisdom of the was derived from Ptolemy, an

50、astronomer of the second century, whose elaborate system of sky put he was t the center of all heavenly motions. (74)Galileos t in to turn the newly invented escope on the heavens to t planets revolve around the sun n around the Earth. But the real hero of the according tothenewschoolofscientists, w

51、asthelong formakinghe improvementofFederal policy is sarily he technology vs. genius dispute. (75)Whether ernment should increase the financing of pure science at the expense of technology or versaoftendependsontheeofwhichisseenasthedriving漢The standardized educational or psychological t are widely

52、used to aid in classifying, assigning, or promoting students, employees, and nel have been of tacksin books, magazines, the daily press, and even in congress. (71) is wrong, for in attacking the tests, critics tentionfrom the t s with ill-petent users. The tests themselves are merely tools, with t c

53、an measured with reasonable under specified conditions. Whether the results will valuable, meaningless, or even misleading depends partly upon the tool itself but largely upon Allinformed predictions of future performance are based upon some knowledge of pastperformance:schoolgradesresearchproductiv

54、e,salesrecords,orwhateverisappropriate.How well the predictions will be validated by later performance depends upon the amount, reliability,andappropriatenessoftheinformationusedandontheskillandwisdomwithwhichis reted. Anyone who keeps careful score t the information available is pletettheprediction

55、sarebjecttoStandardized tests should be considered in this context. They provide a quick, method of getting some kids pastperformance:schoolgradesresearchproductive,salesrecords,orwhateverisappropriate.How well the predictions will be validated by later performance depends upon the amount, reliabili

56、ty,andappropriatenessoftheinformationusedandontheskillandwisdomwithwhichis reted. Anyone who keeps careful score t the information available is pletetthepredictionsarebjecttoStandardized tests should be considered in this context. They provide a quick, method of getting some kids of information abou

57、t what learned, the skills he developed, or the kinds he is. The information so obtained has, ively, the advantages ingsas other kinds of information. (73) Whether to use tests, other of information, or both in a particular situation depends, therefore, upon the evidence experienceconcerningcomparat

58、ivevalidityanduponsuchfactorsascostand(74)In general, the tests work most effectively when the qualities to be measured can be most precisely defined and least effectively when what is to be measured or predicted cannot be defined. Properly used, they provide a means of getting comparable informatio

59、nabout people.Sometimestheyidentify studentswhose highpotential hasnot been previouslybut there are many things they do not do. (75) For le, they do not compensate for linequality,andthusdonotlhowableanrivilegedyoungstervebeenhegrownupundermorefavorable.譯漢 The in relative growthof variousareas of sc

60、ientific researchhave several(71)Some of these causes are yreasonable results of l needs. Others are of particular in science being to some extent self-accelerating. ses of different growth in which preconceptions of the form s in authority, act to alter the growth pattern of however, are less reaso