課標(biāo)版高考英語(yǔ)總復(fù)習(xí)專題十三《閱讀補(bǔ)全(七選五)（試題練）》教與學(xué)

1、高考英語(yǔ)總復(fù)習(xí)PAGE PAGE 31學(xué)好一門外語(yǔ)很重要。第四部分閱讀補(bǔ)全(七選五)專題十三閱讀補(bǔ)全(七選五)探考情 悟真題【考情探究】卷名語(yǔ)篇類型主題考點(diǎn)主題語(yǔ)境主題語(yǔ)境內(nèi)容細(xì)節(jié)句主旨句過(guò)渡句2019課標(biāo)全國(guó)說(shuō)明文人與自然人與環(huán)境1312018說(shuō)明文人與自我家庭生活3112017記敘文人與自我個(gè)人生活1132016說(shuō)明文人與社會(huì)技術(shù)創(chuàng)新2122015說(shuō)明文人與社會(huì)人際關(guān)系221合計(jì)9882019課標(biāo)全國(guó)說(shuō)明文人與自我完善自我1132018說(shuō)明文人與自我健康的生活方式2212017說(shuō)明文人與社會(huì)人際交往2122016說(shuō)明文人與自然人與動(dòng)植物1132015說(shuō)明文人與社會(huì)體育活動(dòng)212合計(jì)8611

2、2019課標(biāo)全國(guó)說(shuō)明文人與社會(huì)社會(huì)交往3112018記敘文人與自我個(gè)人生活1222017說(shuō)明文人與自我個(gè)人生活2122016說(shuō)明文人與自我個(gè)人生活311合計(jì)956分析解讀1.閱讀補(bǔ)全主要考查考生對(duì)文章整體內(nèi)容、結(jié)構(gòu)以及上下文邏輯的理解和掌握。2.五年高考課標(biāo)全國(guó)、卷閱讀補(bǔ)全試題文章的體裁以說(shuō)明文為主,記敘文為輔。3.五年高考課標(biāo)全國(guó)、卷閱讀補(bǔ)全文章結(jié)構(gòu)清晰,過(guò)程完整,適合考查標(biāo)題概括、主題句和過(guò)渡句等,以考查考生的綜合閱讀能力。4.五年高考課標(biāo)全國(guó)、卷閱讀補(bǔ)全文章主題語(yǔ)境包括了課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中的人與自我、人與社會(huì)、人與自然三大主題,語(yǔ)境內(nèi)容真實(shí),有助于學(xué)生理解。5.設(shè)空類型一般有標(biāo)題類、段落主題句類

3、、過(guò)渡句類、細(xì)節(jié)類;選項(xiàng)大多為完整句子,句型不一。閱讀補(bǔ)全以考查補(bǔ)全細(xì)節(jié)句為主,以考查過(guò)渡句、主旨句為輔?！菊骖}探秘】根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Is Fresh Air Really Good for You?We all grew up hearing people tell us to “go out and get some fresh air.”36According to recent studies, the answer is a big YES, if the air quality in your camping are

4、a is good.37If the air youre breathing is cleanwhich it would be if youre away from the smog of citiesthen the air is filled with life-giving, energizing oxygen. If you exercise out of doors, your body will learn to breathe more deeply, allowing even more oxygen to get to your muscles(肌肉)and your br

5、ain.Recently, people have begun studying the connection between the natural world and healing(治愈).38In these places patients can go to be near nature during their recovery. It turns out that just looking at green, growing things can reduce stress, lower blood pressure, and put people into a better m

6、ood(情緒).Greenery is good for us. Hospital patients who see tree branches out their window are likely to recover at a faster rate than patients who see buildings or sky instead.39It gives us a great feeling of peace.40While the suns rays can age and harm our skin, they also give us beneficial vitamin

7、 D. To make sure you get enough vitamin Dbut still protect your skinput on sunscreen right as you head outside. It takes sunscreen about fifteen minutes to start working, and thats plenty of time for your skin to absorb a days worth of vitamin D.A.Fresh air cleans our lungs.B.So what are you waiting

8、 for?C.Being in nature refreshes us.D.Another side benefit of getting fresh air is sunlight.E.But is fresh air really as good for you as your mother always said?F.Just as importantly, we tend to associate fresh air with health care.G.All across the country, recovery centers have begun building Heali

9、ng Gardens.注意本句中的“the answer is a big YES”,由此可推知36題為疑問(wèn)句。注意37題的位置,說(shuō)明文首句往往是該段落的主題句。本句為段落主題句,主題句后設(shè)空往往考查細(xì)節(jié)句。注意本句中的It,它指代前面設(shè)空處內(nèi)容。和37題一樣,本空位于段首,應(yīng)為本段主題句。主題句一般具有短小、精悍的特點(diǎn)。36.E 過(guò)渡句。設(shè)空處前句提到 “go out and get some fresh air”，空格處馬上針對(duì)呼吸新鮮空氣這件事情進(jìn)行提問(wèn)，然后設(shè)空處后一句就是針對(duì)提問(wèn)的回答 “the answer is a big YES”，所以選擇E項(xiàng)。37.A 主題句。設(shè)空處后面一整

10、段都是在闡述呼吸新鮮空氣的好處，尤其兩次提到oxygen（氧氣），且設(shè)空處位于段首，所以設(shè)空處是整段的主題句，而且話題需要一致，oxygen與A項(xiàng)中的lungs有聯(lián)系，所以選擇A項(xiàng)。38.G 細(xì)節(jié)句。設(shè)空處前一句中的關(guān)鍵詞healing與G項(xiàng)中的Healing對(duì)應(yīng)，G項(xiàng)中的recovery與設(shè)空處后一句中的recovery對(duì)應(yīng)。此外，G項(xiàng)中出現(xiàn)Healing Gardens，后一句馬上出現(xiàn)In these places來(lái)指代Healing Gardens，因此答案是G項(xiàng)。39.C 主題句。根據(jù)本段的第三句In these places patients can go to be near na

11、ture during their recovery.可知，此段講了接近大自然有助于病人的康復(fù)，而下文對(duì)有哪些幫助進(jìn)行了進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明，所以在本段的最后再次進(jìn)行總結(jié)，話題依然是與大自然有關(guān)，而且是總結(jié)性質(zhì)的句子，所以選擇C項(xiàng)。C項(xiàng)中nature與話題一致，與設(shè)空處后一句均是對(duì)本段話題的收尾。40.D 主題句。根據(jù)設(shè)空處位置可以推測(cè)此處為主題句，是對(duì)本段話題的開(kāi)啟。設(shè)空處后一句中的the suns rays與D項(xiàng)中的sunlight對(duì)應(yīng)。而D項(xiàng)中的Another side benefit of getting fresh air又是對(duì)前面段落中闡述呼吸新鮮空氣有好處的延伸，因此D項(xiàng)是最佳選項(xiàng)。解題技

12、巧：1.通過(guò)設(shè)題位置判斷 （1）段首設(shè)空一般找能概括該段中心意思的選項(xiàng)。（2）段尾設(shè)空一般找能總結(jié)歸納該段的選項(xiàng)。2.通過(guò)標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)判斷當(dāng)設(shè)空處后為逗號(hào)且逗號(hào)后面的句子結(jié)構(gòu)完整時(shí)，可判斷該空應(yīng)為狀語(yǔ)從句。3.根據(jù)語(yǔ)境線索判斷語(yǔ)境線索主要指反映上下文關(guān)系的銜接手段，如篇章結(jié)構(gòu)、詞語(yǔ)重現(xiàn)、邏輯、連接、指代、同構(gòu)等。（1）“詞語(yǔ)重現(xiàn)”不僅指詞語(yǔ)的簡(jiǎn)單出現(xiàn)，而且指某詞語(yǔ)可能以不同詞類、詞性、數(shù)、格、時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)等形式出現(xiàn)。 （2）“邏輯”指事物之間存在的必然的關(guān)系，包括時(shí)間先后關(guān)系、空間位置關(guān)系、因果關(guān)系、歸納總結(jié)關(guān)系、總分關(guān)系等。 （3）“指代”是指用代詞代替前文提到過(guò)的人物、事件、物品等，如 it，h

13、e，she，they等。 （4）“同構(gòu)”是指上下文使用同一結(jié)構(gòu)或類似的句子?！疚迥旮呖肌緼組統(tǒng)一命題課標(biāo)卷題組Passage 1(2019課標(biāo)全國(guó))根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Imagine a child standing on a diving board four feet high and asking himself the question:“Should I jump?”This is what motivation or the lack of it can do. Motivation and goal setting a

14、re the two sides of the same coin. 1 Like the child on the diving board, you will stay undecided.2 More than that, how should you stay motivated to achieve the goal? First, you need to evaluate yourself, your values, your strengths, your weaknesses, your achievements, your desires, etc. Only then sh

15、ould you set your goals.You also need to judge the quality and depth of your motivation. This is quite important, because it is directly related to your commitment. There are times when your heart is not in your work. 3 So, slow down and think what you really want to do at that moment. Clarity (清晰)

16、of thoughts can help you move forward.Another way of setting realistic goals is to analyze your short and long term objectives, keeping in mind your beliefs, values and strengths. Remember that goals are flexible. 4 They also need to be measurable. You must keep these points in mind while setting yo

17、ur goals.Your personal circumstances are equally important. For example, you may want to be a pilot but cant become one because your eyesight is not good enough. 5 You should reassess your goals, and motivate yourself to set a fresh goal.You will surely need to overcome some difficulties, some plann

18、ed, but most unplanned. You cannot overcome them without ample motivation. Make sure that you plan for these difficulties at the time of setting your goals.A.This can affect your work.B.So how should you motivate yourself?C.However, this should not discourage you.D.So why should we try to set specif

19、ic goals?E.They can change according to circumstances.F.Motivation is what you need most to do a good job.G.Without motivation, you can neither set a goal nor reach it.答案1.G2.B3.A4.E5.CPassage 2(2019課標(biāo)全國(guó))根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。In an online class, developing healthy patterns of comm

20、unication with professors is very important. 1 While I have only listed two of each, there are obviously many other situations that can arise. Students should be able to extend the logic(邏輯) of each to their particular circumstance.Dos2 Questions about subject content are generally welcomed. Before

21、asking questions about the course design, read the syllabus(教學(xué)大綱) and learning management system information to be sure the answer isnt hiding in plain sight.Participate in discussion forums(論壇), blogs and other open-ended forums for dialogue. 3 Be sure to stay on topic and not offer irrelevant info

22、rmation. Make a point, and make it safe for others to do the same.DontsDont share personal information or stories. Professors are not trained nurses, financial aid experts or your best friends. If you are in need of a deadline extension, simply explain the situation to the professor. 4Dont openly ex

23、press annoyance at a professor or class. 5 When a student attacks a professor on the social media, the language used actually says more about the student. If there is truly a concern about a professors professionalism or ability, be sure to use online course evaluations to calmly offer your comments

24、.A.Thats what they are for.B.Turn to an online instructor for help.C.If more information is needed, they will ask.D.Remember that online professors get a lot of emails.E.Below are some common dos and donts for online learners.F.Everyone has taken a not-so-great class at one time or another.G.Ask que

25、stions, but make sure they are good, thoughtful questions.答案1.E2.G3.A4.C5.FPassage 3(2018課標(biāo)全國(guó))根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Color is fundamental in home designsomething youll always have in every room. A grasp of how to manage color in your spaces is one of the first steps to creating roo

26、ms youll love to live in. Do you want a room thats full of life?Professional?Or are you just looking for a place to relax after a long day?1, color is the key to making a room feel the way you want it to feel.Over the years, there have been a number of different techniques to help designers approach

27、 this important point.2, they can get a little complex. But good news is that therere really only three kinds of decisions you need to make about color in your home:the small ones, the medium ones, and the large ones.3. Theyre the little spots of color like throw pillows, mirrors and baskets that mo

28、st of us use to add visual interest to our rooms. Less tiring than painting your walls and less expensive than buying a colorful sofa, small color choices bring with them the significant benefit of being easily changeable.Medium color choices are generally furniture pieces such as sofas, dinner tabl

29、es or bookshelves.4. They require a bigger commitment than smaller ones, and they have a more powerful effect on the feeling of a space.The large color decisions in your rooms concern the walls, ceilings, and floors. Whether youre looking at wallpaper or paint, the time, effort and relative expense

30、put into it are significant.5.A.While all of them are usefulB.Whatever youre looking forC.If youre experimenting with a colorD.Small color choices are the ones were most familiar withE.Its not really a good idea to use too many small color piecesF.So it pays to be sure, because you want to get it ri

31、ght the first timeG.Color choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major ways答案1.B2.A3.D4.G5.FPassage 4(2018課標(biāo)全國(guó))根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。If you are already making the time to exercise, it is good indeed!With such busy lives, it can be hard to try and find the t

32、ime to work out.1Working out in the morning provides additional benefits beyond being physically fit.Your productivity is improved. Exercising makes you more awake and ready to handle whatever is ahead of you for the day.2Your metabolism(新陳代謝)gets a head start.3If you work out in the mornings, then

33、you will be getting the calorie(卡路里)burning benefits for the whole day, not in your sleep.4Studies found that people who woke up early for exercise slept better than those who exercised in the evening. Exercise energizes you, so it is more difficult to relax and have a peaceful sleep when you are ve

34、ry excited.5If you work out bright and early in the morning, you will be more likely to stick to healthy food choices throughout the day. Who would want to ruin their good workout by eating junk food?You will want to continue to focus on positive choices.There are a lot of benefits to working out, e

35、specially in the mornings. Set your alarm clock an hour early and push yourself to work out!You will feel energized all day long.A.You will stick to your diet.B.Your quality of sleep improves.C.You prefer healthy food to fast food.D.There is no reason you should exercise in the morning.E.You can kee

36、p your head clear for 410 hours after exercise.F.After you exercise, you continue to burn calories throughout the day.G.If you are planning to do exercise regularly, or youre doing it now, then listen up!答案1.G2.E3.F4.B5.APassage 5(2018課標(biāo)全國(guó))根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Before there was th

37、e written word, there was the language of dance. Dance expresses love and hate, joy and sorrow, life and death, and everything else in between.1 We dance from Florida to Alaska, from north to south and sea to sea. We dance at weddings, birthdays, office parties and just to fill the time.“I adore dan

38、cing,”says Lester Bridges, the owner of a dance studio in Iowa. “I cant imagine doing anything else with my life.”Bridges runs dance classes for all ages. “Teaching dance is wonderful. 2 Its great to watch them. For many of them, its a way of meeting people and having a social life.”3 “I can tell yo

39、u about one young couple,” says Bridges. “Theyre learning to do traditional dances. They arrive at the class in low spirits and they leave with a smile. 4”So, do we dance in order to make ourselves feel better, calmer, healthier?Andrea Hillier says, “Dance, like the pattern of a beating heart, is li

40、fe. Even after all these years, I want to get better and better. 5 I find it hard to stop!Dancing reminds me Im alive.”A.So why do we dance?B.Dance in the U.S. is everywhere.C.If you like dancing outdoors, come to America.D.My older students say it makes them feel young.E.I keep practicing even when

41、 Im extremely tired.F.Dancing seems to change their feeling completely.G.They stayed up all night long singing and dancing.答案1.B2.D3.A4.F5.EPassage 6(2017課標(biāo)全國(guó))根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。If anyone had told me three years ago that I would be spending most of my weekends camping, I would

42、have laughed heartily. Campers, in my eyes, were people who enjoyed insect bites, ill-cooked meals, and uncomfortable sleeping bags. They had nothing in common with me. 1The friends who introduced me to camping thought that it meant to be a pioneer. 2 We slept in a tent, cooked over an open fire, an

43、d walked a long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom. This brief visit with Mother Nature cost me two days off from work, recovering from a bad case of sunburn and the doctors bill for my sons food poisoning.I was, nevertheless, talked into going on another fun-filled holiday in the wild

44、erness. 3 Instead, we had a pop-up camper with comfortable beds and an air conditioner. My nature-loving friends had remembered to bring all the necessities of life.4We have done a lot of it since. Recently, we bought a twenty-eight-foot travel trailer complete with a bathroom and a built-in TV set.

45、 There is a separate bedroom, a modern kitchen with a refrigerator. The trailer even has matching carpet and curtains.5It must be true that sooner or later, everyone finds his or her way back to nature. I recommend that you find your way in style.A.This time there was no tent.B.Things are going to b

46、e improved.C.The trip they took me on was a rough one.D.I was to learn a lot about camping since then, however.E.I must say that I have certainly come to enjoy camping.F.After the trip, my family became quite interested in camping.G.There was no shade as the trees were no more than 3 feet tall.答案1.D

47、2.C3.A4.F5.EPassage 7(2017課標(biāo)全國(guó))根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Interruptions are one of the worst things to deal with while youre trying to get work done.1, there are several ways to handle things. Lets take a look at them now.2. Tell the person youre sorry and explain that you have a milli

48、on things to do and then ask if the two of you can talk at a different time.When people try to interrupt you, have set hours planned and let them know to come back during that time or that youll find them then.3. It can help to eliminate(消除)future interruptions.When you need to talk to someone, dont

49、 do it in your own office.4, its much easier to excuse yourself to get back to your work than if you try to get someone out of your space even after explaining how busy you are.If you have a door to your office, make good use of it.5. If someone knocks and its not an important matter, excuse yoursel

50、f and let the person know youre busy so they can get the hint(暗示)that when the door is closed, youre not to be disturbed.A.If youre busy, dont feel bad about saying noB.When you want to avoid interruptions at workC.Set boundaries for yourself as far as your time goesD.If youre in the other persons o

51、ffice or in a public areaE.Its important that you let them know when youll be availableF.It might seem unkind to cut people short when they interrupt youG.Leave it open when youre available to talk and close it when youre not答案1.B2.A3.E4.D5.GPassage 8(2016課標(biāo)全國(guó))根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選

52、項(xiàng)。Secret codes(密碼)keep messages private. Banks, companies, and government agencies use secret codes in doing business, especially when information is sent by computer.People have used secret codes for thousands of years.1Code breaking never lags(落后)far behind code making. The science of creating and

53、 reading coded messages is called cryptography.There are three main types of cryptography.2For example, the first letters of “My elephant eats too many eels”spell out the hidden message“Meet me.”3You might represent each letter with a number, for example. Lets number the letters of the alphabet, in

54、order, from 1 to 26. If we substitute a number for each letter,the message “Meet me”would read“13 5 5 20 13 5.”A code uses symbols to replace words, phrases, or sentences. To read the message of a real code, you must have a code book.4For example, “bridge”might stand for “meet”and“out”might stand fo

55、r “me”.The message“Bridge out”would actually mean“Meet me.”5However, it is also hard to keep a code book secret for long. So codes must be changed frequently.A.It is very hard to break a code without the code book.B.In any language, some letters are used more than others.C.Only people who know the k

56、eyword can read the message.D.As long as there have been codes, people have tried to break them.E.You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out.F.With a code book,you might write down words that would stand for other words.G.Another way to hide a message is to use symb

57、ols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet.答案1.D2.E3.G4.F5.APassage 9(2016課標(biāo)全國(guó))根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。A garden thats just right for youHave you ever visited a garden that seemed just right for you, where the atmosphere of the garden appeared to total more than the sum(總和)of

58、its parts?1.But it doesnt happen by accident. It starts with looking inside yourself and understanding who you are with respect to the natural world and how you approach the gardening process.2Some people may think that a garden is no more than plants, flowers, patterns and masses of color. Others a

59、re concerned about using gardening methods that require less water and fewer fertilizers(肥料).3.However, there are a number of other reasons that might explain why you want to garden. One of them comes from our earliest years.Recall(回憶) your childhood memoriesOur model of what a garden should be ofte

60、n goes back to childhood. Grandmas rose garden and Dads vegetable garden might be good or bad, but thats not whats important.4how being in those gardens made us feel. If youd like to build a powerful bond with your garden, start by taking some time to recall the gardens of your youth.5.Then go outsi