句子成分課件

1、優(yōu)選授課課件設(shè)計|Excellentteachingplan句子成分1、句子成分的定義：構(gòu)成句子的各個部分叫做句子成分。句子成分有主要成分和次要成分；主要成分有主語和謂語；次要成分有表語、賓語、定語、狀語、補足語和同位語主語（subject）:句子說明的人或事物。主語是一個句子所表達的主體，一般位于句首。但在therebe構(gòu)造、疑問句（當(dāng)主語不是疑問詞時）和倒裝句中，主語位于謂語、助動詞或神態(tài)動詞后邊。主語可由名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、不定式、動名詞、名詞化的形容詞和主語從句等表示。比方：1).Thesunrisesintheeast.（名詞）2).Helikesdancing.（代詞）3).Seei

2、ngisbelieving.（動名詞）4).Toseeistobelieve.（不定式）5).Whatheneedsisabook.（主語從句）6).Itisveryclearthattheelephantisroundandtalllikeatree.（It形式主語，主語從句是真實主語)7)Itsnousecryingoverspiltmilk.(v-ing形式)8)Theyoungshouldrespecttheold(形容詞)2、表語（predicative）:系動詞今后的成分，表示主語的性質(zhì)、狀態(tài)和特色。表語用以說明主語的身份、特色和狀態(tài)，它一般位于系動詞（如be,become,get

3、,look,grow,turn,seem等）今后。表語一般由名詞、代詞、形容詞、分詞、數(shù)詞、不定式、動名詞、介詞短語、副詞及表語從句表示。比方：OurteacherofEnglishisanAmerican.（名詞）優(yōu)選授課課件設(shè)計|ExcellentteachingplanIsityours?（代詞）Theweatherhasturnedcold.（形容詞）Thespeechisexciting.（分詞）Threetimessevenistwentyone?（數(shù)詞）HisjobistoteachEnglish.（不定式）Hishobby（喜好）isplayingfootball.（動名詞）T

4、hemachinemustbeoutoforder.（介詞短語）Thetruthisthathehasneverbeenabroad.（表語從句）Heisateacher.（名詞）Seventy-four!Youdontlookit.（代詞）3、賓語：賓語表示動作的對象或承愛者，一般位于及物動詞和介詞后邊動作的承受者動賓IlikeChina.（名詞）Hehatesyou.（代詞）Howmanydoyouneed?Weneedtwo.（數(shù)詞）Weshouldhelptheoldandthepoor.Ienjoyworkingwithyou.（動名詞）Ihopetoseeyouagain.（不定式

5、）Didyouwritedownwhathesaid?（賓語從句）介詞后的名詞、代詞和動名詞-介賓Areyouafraidofthesnake?Underthesnow,therearemanyrocks.優(yōu)選授課課件設(shè)計|Excellentteachingplan雙賓語-間賓（指人）和直賓（指物）Hegavemeabookyesterday.Givethepoormansomemoney.4、賓補：英語中有些及物動詞，除有一個直接賓語以外，還要有一個賓語補語，才能使句子的意義完滿。帶有賓語補足語的一般句型為：某些及物動詞（如make等+賓語+賓補）。賓補可由名詞、形容詞、副詞、不定式、分詞、

6、介詞短語和從句充任。比方HisfathernamedhimDongming.（名詞）Theypaintedtheirboatwhite.（形容詞）Letthefreshairin.（副詞）Youmustntforcehimtolendhismoneytoyou.（不定式短語）Wesawherenteringtheroom.（此刻分詞）Wefoundeverythinginthelabingoodorder.（介詞短語）Wewillsoonmakeourcitywhatyourcityisnow.（從句）Hisfatheradvisedhimtoteachthelazyboyalesson.（不

7、定式）Dontlethimdothat.（不定式）Wewillmakethemhappy.（形容詞）Dontkeepthewindowopen.（形容詞）Dontkeepthelightsburning.（此刻分詞）5、主補：對主語的補充。Hewaselectedmonitor.Shewasfoundsinginginthenextroom.Hewasadvisedtoteachthelazyboyalesson.優(yōu)選授課課件設(shè)計|Excellentteachingplan6、定語：修飾或限制名詞或代詞的詞、詞組或句子。Hewasadvisedtoteachthelazyboyalesson.

8、（形容詞）Heisourfriend.（代詞）Webelongto(屬于)thethirdworld.（數(shù)詞）AiYanlingisachemistryteacher（名詞）TheboystandingisTom.（此刻分詞）Thebookinhishandwasboughtyesterday.(介詞短語）7、狀語：用來修飾v.,adj.,adv.,or句子。表示時間、地點、原因、目的、結(jié)果、程度、條件、方式和退步。Howaboutmeetingagainatsix?（時間狀語）Lastnightshedidntgotothedancepartybecauseoftherain.（原因狀語）I

9、shallgothereifitdoesntrain.（條件狀語）MrSmithlivesonthethirdfloor.（地點狀語）Sheputtheeggsintothebasketcarefufully.（方式狀語）地點：修飾v.時，平常放在所修飾的v.今后或句末。Thegirlsaresinginghappily.Thereisanewbridgeovertheriver.Herunsfast.為了重申可放句首。Overtheriverthereisanewbridge.8、同位語：?練習(xí)一優(yōu)選授課課件設(shè)計|Excellentteachingplan一、指出以下句子劃線部分是什么句子成分：Thestudentsgotontheschoolbus.Hehandedmethenewspaper.Ishallansweryourquestionafterclass.WhatabeautifulChinesepa