2023英語高考北京卷答案及解析

1、2023年北京高考英語試卷詳細(xì)解析第一局部：聽力略第二局部：知識運(yùn)用共兩節(jié)，45分第一節(jié) 單項(xiàng)填空共15小題；每題1分，共15分從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最正確選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。例：Its so nice to hear from her again. _, we last met more than thirty years agoA. Whats more B. Thats to sayC. In other words D. Believe it or not21. Some animals carry seeds from one place

2、 to another, _ plants can spread to new places.A. so B. or C. for D. but【答案】A【解析】考查并列句中連詞的使用，根據(jù)句意來做題。前半句說“一些動物把種子從一個地方帶到另一個地方，后半句說“植物可以傳播到新的地方，由句意可知，后半句是前半句的結(jié)果，所以我們選擇so。22. Hi, lets go skating. Sorry, Im busy right now. I _ in an application form for a new job.A. fill B. have filled C. am filling D.

3、 will fill【答案】C【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。題目中出現(xiàn)標(biāo)志詞right now，要使用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，所以我們選am filling。23. Jane is in a hurry because the train to the airport leaves _ half an hour.A. by B. in C. for D. until【答案】B【解析】考查介詞?！癑ane很匆忙，因?yàn)槿C(jī)場的列車在半小時(shí)之內(nèi)就要運(yùn)行了?！霸诙嚅L時(shí)間之內(nèi)，使用in。24. _ carefully if any change occurs when doing experiments in the lab.

4、A. Observe B. To observe C. Observed D. Observing【答案】A【解析】考查祈使句。祈使句要使用動詞原形，所以選擇observe。25. Last night, there were millions of people _ the opening ceremony live on TV.A. watch B. to watch C. watched D. watching【答案】D【解析】考查非謂語。非謂語的動作跟謂語動詞同時(shí)發(fā)生，表伴隨，選doing。26. I borrowed the book Sherlock Holmes from the

5、 library last week, _ my classmates recommended to me.A. who B. which C. when D. where【答案】B【解析】考查非限定性定語從句。定語從句中缺少賓語，所以選擇關(guān)系代詞，關(guān)系代詞指代的是一件事，所以which。27. _ I have a word with you? It wont take long.A. Can B. Must C. Shall D. Should【答案】A【解析】考察情態(tài)動詞。Can表示允諾，許可。28. There are still many problems _ before we a

6、re ready for a long stay on the Moon.A. solving B. solved C. being solved D. to be solved【答案】D【解析】考查非謂語。非謂語的動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞之后，所以要用to do，又因?yàn)榉侵^語的動作與邏輯主語many problems構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系，所以選擇to be solved。29. _ the forest park is far away, a lot of tourists visit it every year.A. As B. When C. Even though D. In case【答案】C【解

7、析】考查并列句中連詞的使用，根據(jù)句意來做題。as“正如，when“當(dāng)時(shí)候，even though“雖然，即使，in case“以防。根據(jù)句意，表讓步，所以選擇even though。30. The best moment for the football star was _ he scored the winning goal.A. where B. when C. how D. why【答案】B【解析】考查表語從句。從句中缺少表時(shí)間的連接副詞，所以選when。31. What time is it? I have no idea. But just a minute, I _ it for

8、 you.A. check B. checked C. will check D. would check【答案】C【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。Just a moment，要對方等一等，說明這個動作還沒有做，應(yīng)中選擇將來的時(shí)態(tài)，所以選will check。32. I found the lecture hard to follow because it _ when I arrived.A. started B. was starting C. would start D. had started【答案】D【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。我arrived是過去時(shí)，lecture是在我到達(dá)之前開始的，發(fā)生在過去的過去，

9、所以選had started。33. Some people believe _ has happened before or is happening now will repeat itself in the future.A. whatever B. whenever C. wherever D. however【答案】A【解析】考查賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。賓語從句中缺少主語，所以選擇連接代詞，只有A選項(xiàng)是連接代詞。34. We _ back in the hotel now if you didnt lose the map.A. are B. were C. will be D. woul

10、d be【答案】D【解析】考查虛擬語氣。主句中對現(xiàn)在的虛擬，要用would do，所以選D。35. The film star wears sunglasses. Therefore, he can go shopping without _.A. recognizing B. being recognizedC. having recognized D. having been recognized【答案】B【解析】考查非謂語。非謂語的動作與邏輯主語he構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系，所以要用被動，with是介詞，介詞后跟doing，所以選擇being done。第二節(jié) 完形填空共20小題；每題1.5分，共3

11、0分閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A,B,C,D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出最正確選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。The fitting-in of Suzy KhanThe first time I saw Suzy Khan, I knew I had to help her. She was really small for her age of 12. The boys in my class often 36 about her and laughed their heads off. She would open a book, pretending to read, with tear

12、s dropping on the open page.All I knew was that she was an orphan (孤兒), from Africa. She had just been adopted by a family in town who 37 that the best way for her to learn American ways of life was to be with American kids. I looked down at this 38 girl, and promised myself that somehow I would hel

13、p her.But how I would help her 39 in with us? There had to be a 40 .One day, when I went into the classroom. I saw that Suzy had 41 her geography book to a picture of a train, and in her notebook, she had made a (an) 42 copy.I was surprised and thought that she could do something in the coming 43 sh

14、ow. So, I took her to see the art teacher, Miss Park, and showed her what Suzy had 44 . “Why, its wonderful, said On the day of the talent show, Suzys 47 were everywhere - all over the hall and all over the school, each one different.“And finally, said Mr. Brown, the schoolmaster, at the end of the

15、show, “we have a (an) 48 award. Im sure youve all noticed the wonderful posters. Everyone nodded. “One of your own students 49 them.I could hear everyone whispering, “Who in our school could draw 50 well?Mr. Brown waited a while before saying, “ 51 this student worked so hard on the posters, she des

16、erves a 52 , too. Our mystery (神秘的) artist is our new student, Suzy Khan!Mr. Brown thanked her for all the wonderful posters and gave her a professional artists set. “Thank you, she cried.I 53 , at that time when I was looking at her excited face, shed probably never 54 anything in her whole life.Ev

17、eryone started to 55 their hands, Suzy Khan gave them a shy smile and the applause was deafening. I knew then Suzy was going to be all right.36. A. jokedB. cared C. forgotD. worried37. A. reportedB. decidedC. complained D. questioned38. A. richB. proudC. tinyD. popular39.A. comeB. fall C. fitD. tie4

18、0.A. mannerB. patternC. choiceD. way41.A. readB. takenC. openedD. put42.A. freeB. perfectC. finalD. extra43.A. artB. talkC. quizD. talent44.A. coloredB. writtenC. carvedD. drawn45.A. atB. afterC. forD. around46.A. roomB. timeC. paperD. interest47.A. giftsB. booksC. photosD. posters48.A. specialB. ac

19、ademicC. nationalD. royal49.A. paintedB. foundC. printedD. collected50.A. veryB. thatC. quiteD. too51.A. IfB. ThoughC. UnlessD. Since52.A. prizeB. rankC. restD. place53.A. repliedB. realizedC. rememberedD. regretted54.A. offeredB. valuedC. ownedD. controlled55.A. clapB. waveC. raiseD. shake2023高考完形填

20、空按照慣例出的是一片記敘文，屬于心靈雞湯類，難度不大，與2023年持平。文章的線索和情感脈絡(luò)比較好把握。完形中絕大多數(shù)空都可以通過上下文線索找到正確答案。此外，根據(jù)考點(diǎn)分布不難看出動詞和名詞仍然是完形填空的考察重點(diǎn)。不過明顯動詞的數(shù)量遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)多余名詞和其他詞性考點(diǎn)。選詞均是根底考綱詞匯，更加側(cè)重學(xué)生對于根底詞匯知識的考察。可見平時(shí)認(rèn)真背詞并掌握完形解題法的學(xué)生在這里一定會提升自信的。36.【答案】A【解析】考查動詞。joke表示“取笑，可由該句話中and后動詞laugh推得此處為近義詞，班上的男孩經(jīng)常取笑她。37.【答案】B【解析】考查動詞。decide 表示“決定，拿主意。收養(yǎng)她的家庭拿定主意覺

21、得和美國孩子一起長大是最好的融入美國生活的方式。report“報(bào)告，complain“抱怨，question“質(zhì)疑，提問均不符合語境。38.【答案】C【解析】考查形容詞。由語境此處暗含同情，且與開頭 “she was really small for her age of 12照應(yīng)。39.【答案】C【解析】考查動詞。根據(jù)標(biāo)題及語境，此處應(yīng)為“融入選得。40.【答案】D【解析】way“出路。考查名詞，找復(fù)現(xiàn)。與前文the best way重復(fù)。C選項(xiàng)choice“選擇，應(yīng)有范圍，不要誤選。41.【答案】C【解析】open，此處譯為“正好翻到那一頁。與后文介詞to搭配也可選出正確答案。A選項(xiàng)rea

22、d易誤選，她在畫畫，不是在閱讀。42.【答案】B【解析】perfect“完美的，考查形容詞。與后文名詞copy搭配可選得，以及下段句首“我對其的驚訝贊美等情感，也可推得答案。43.【答案】D【解析】考查名詞，talent show既是常見短語搭配，也可由后文45空后同詞復(fù)現(xiàn)可以推得。44.【答案】D【解析】考查動詞。前文what指代Suzy的畫，所以此處動詞與名詞搭配，其余選項(xiàng)color“上色，write“書寫，carve“雕刻均不符合語境。45.【答案】C【解析】考查介詞。與名詞搭配易得。46.【答案】B【解析】考查名詞。根據(jù)語境，其余選項(xiàng)room“空間，paper“紙張，interest“

23、興趣均不符合。47.【答案】D【解析】考查名詞，同詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。根據(jù)后文the wonderful posters可知。48.【答案】A【解析】考查形容詞，與名詞搭配。其余選項(xiàng)academic“學(xué)術(shù)的，national“國際的，royal“皇室的均不符合語境。49.【答案】A【解析】動詞的考查。與名詞搭配，以及根據(jù)語境，是Suzy畫了這些海報(bào)。50.【答案】B【解析】考查副詞，與形容詞搭配?！澳敲春?，暗含感慨，驚訝的意思。51.【答案】D【解析】考查介詞，since此處譯為“因?yàn)榛蛘摺凹热?，其余選項(xiàng)if“如果，though“盡管，unless“除非均不符合語境。52.【答案】A【解析】考查名詞，同義

24、復(fù)現(xiàn)。由前文award可推得此處應(yīng)選“獎項(xiàng)。53.【答案】B【解析】考查動詞。realize “意識到，其余選項(xiàng)reply“回復(fù)，remember“記起，regret“懊悔均不符合語境54.【答案】C【解析】考查動詞。own“擁有，A選項(xiàng)“offer易誤選，但是offer應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)。55.【答案】A【解析】考查名詞。根據(jù)后文applause同義復(fù)現(xiàn)，可選得。第三局部： 閱讀理解40分第一節(jié) 共15小題；每題2分，共30分閱讀以下短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出最正確選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。ASea Life Melbourne Aquarium水族館The all-ne

25、w Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium, situated in the heart of Melbournes CBD, is one of Victorias leading visitor attractions and an unforgettable outing for the whole family. Having 12 amazing zones of discovery, Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium is the very place that you cannot miss when you visit the city.O

26、pening TimesSea Life Melbourne Aquarium is open from 9:30 am until 6:00 pm every day of the year, including public holidays. Last admission is at 5:00 pm, one hour before closing.Location(位置)Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium is located on the corner of Flinders Street and King Street, Melbourne. It is sit

27、uated on the Getting to Sea Life Melbourne AquariumTrainSea Life Melbourne Aquarium is a short walk from either Flinders or Southern Cross train stations.Tram(有軌電車)The Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium tram stop is located on the free City Circle Tram route(公交線路) and also routes 70 and 75.City Circle Tram

28、s run every 10 minutes in both directions.Shuttle BusThe Melbourne City Tourist Shuttle is a free bus service, stopping at key tourist attractions in and around the City. Running daily, every 15 minutes from 10:00 am to 4:00 pm.Car ParkingWhile there is no public car parking at Sea Life Melbourne Aq

29、uarium, there are several public car parking lots available only a short walk away.Wheelchair AccessSea Life Melbourne Aquarium provides people in wheelchairs with full access to all 12 zones. Each floor also has wheelchair accessible toilets.TermsTickets will be emailed to you immediately after pur

30、chase or you can download and print your tickets once payment has been accepted. Please print all tickets purchased and present at the front entrance of Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium. No ticket, no entry!56.Sea Life MelbourneA. is located at the center of the CBD in the cityB. has 12 most attractive p

31、laces in MelbourneC. admits visitors from 9:30 am until 6:00 pmD. is beside Crown Entertainment Complex57.Getting to Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium, visitors can take_.A. trains from Southern Cross train stationB. shuttle buses around the train stationC. boats across the YarraD. either tram route 70 or

32、 7558.Sea Life MelbourneA. free car parking B. wheelchair accessC. Internet connection D. transportation service59.Tickets to Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium _.A. are free to all visitors B. can be purchased by emailC. are checked at the entrance D. can be printed at the ticket office【分析】應(yīng)用文。介紹水族館信息。56.

33、【答案】A【解析】選項(xiàng)的有效信息“The all-new Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium situated in the heart of Melbournes CBD，與選項(xiàng)A表述at the center of the CBD in the city一致。B.中“most attractive places與原文表述“zones of discovery不符，屬于夸大事實(shí)，故錯誤。C中“admits visitors from 9:30 am until 6:00 pm違背了原文表述“Last admission is at 5:00 pm,，故錯誤。D中“besi

34、de與原文“opposite不符，故錯誤。57.【答案】D【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干Getting to Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium, visitors can take 鎖定關(guān)鍵詞Getting to, visitors can take定位Getting to Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium這一局部。由“The Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium tram stop is located on the free City Circle Tram route(公交線路) and also routes 70 and 75.得

35、知D正確。58.【答案】B【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干“Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium offers visitors鎖定關(guān)鍵詞offers visitors 由Wheelchair Access可知B正確；A中沒有提到“免費(fèi)的停車場；C、D原文未提到。59.【答案】C【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干“Tickets to Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium “鎖定關(guān)鍵詞Tickets 定位于最后一段。C選項(xiàng)與Please print all tickets purchased and present at the front entrance“一致，A原文未提到票

36、都免費(fèi)“， B 屬于扭曲意思。原文是說購置票后可以通過Email傳過來“，而不是通過Email 買；D 文中未提到可以在售票廳打印票。BThe Brown BearMy wife Laura and I were on the beach, with three of our children, taking pictures of shore birds near our home in Alaska when we spotted a bear. The bear was thin and small, moving aimlessly.Just a few minutes later,

37、I heard my daughter shouting, “Dad! The bear is right behind us! An aggressive bear will usually rush forward to frighten away its enemy but would suddenly stop at the last minute. This one was silent and its ears pinned back-the sign(跡象) of an animal that is going in for the kill. And it was a cold

38、 April day. The bear behaved abnormally, probably because of hunger.I held my camera tripod(三腳架) in both hands to form a barrier as the bear rushed into me. Its huge head was level with my chest and shoulders, and the tripod stuck across its mouth. It bit down and I found myself supporting its weigh

39、t. I knew I would not be able to hold it for long.Even so, this was a fight I had to win: I was all that stood between the bear and my family, who would stand little chance of running faster than a brown bear.The bear hit at the camera, cutting it off the tripod. I raised my left arm to protect my f

40、ace; the beast held tightly on the tripod and pressed it into my side. My arm could not move, and I sensed that my bones were going to break.Drawing back my free hand, I struck the bear as hard as I could for five or six times. The bear opened its mouth and I grasped its fur, trying to push it away.

41、 I was actually wrestling(扭打) with the bear at this point. Then, as suddenly as it had begun, the fight ended. The bear moved back towards the forest, before returning for another attack-the first time I felt panic.Apparently satisfied that we caused no further threat, the bear moved off, destroying

42、 a fence as it went. My arm was injured, but the outcome for us could hardly have been better. Im proud that my family remained clear-headed when panic could have led to a very different outcome.60. The brown bear approached the family in order to _ .A. catch shore birds B. start an attackC. protect

43、 the children D. set up a barrier for itself61. The bear finally went away after it _ .A. felt safe B. got injuredC. found some food D. took away the camera62. The writer and his family survived mainly due to their _ .A. pride B. patienceC. calmness D. cautiousness【分析】記敘文。父親與熊搏斗。60.【答案】B【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干T

44、he brown bear approached the family in order to鎖定關(guān)鍵詞approached,定位原文第二段“The bear is right behind us!.This one was silent and its ears pinned back-the sign(跡象) of an animal that is going in for the kill. ，答案start an attack是對原文for the kill的同義改寫。A、C、D三項(xiàng)原文均沒有提及。61.【答案】A【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干went away，定位原文最后一段“Appar

45、ently satisfied that we caused no further threat, the bear moved off,，答案felt safe 是對原文no further threat的同義改寫。B、C、D三項(xiàng)原文沒有提及。62.【答案】C【解析】推斷題。選項(xiàng)單詞為完型?？紗卧~，用在這里，學(xué)生識別難度不大，但是本身題目在文章中沒有固定答案出處。要結(jié)合父親處理事情方式的細(xì)節(jié)描寫，與熊搏斗的細(xì)節(jié)描寫，原文最后一段“Im proud that my family remained clear-headed when panic could have led to a very

46、different outcome.， 結(jié)合四個詞的意思，選出正確答案。calmness譯為冷靜、鎮(zhèn)靜，是對原文remained clear-headed的同義替換。A選項(xiàng)譯為驕傲；B選項(xiàng)譯為耐心；D選項(xiàng)譯為謹(jǐn)慎、小心，均不符合原文表述。CChoosing the Right ResolutionMillions of Americans began 2023 with the same resolution they started 2023 with, a goal of losing weight. However, setting weight loss as a goal is a

47、mistake.To reach our goal of losing weight-the output, we need to control what we eat-the input(輸入). That is, we tend to care about the output but not to control the input. This is a bad way to construct goals. The alternative is to focus your resolution on the input. Instead of resolving to lose we

48、ight, try an actionable resolution: “Ill stop having dessert for lunch, or “Ill walk every day for 20 minutes. Creating a goal that focuses on well-specified input will likely be more effective than concentrating on the outcome.Recently a new science behind incentives(鼓勵), including in education, ha

49、s been discussed. For example, researcher Roland Fryer wanted to see what works best in motivating children to do better in school. In some cases, he gave students incentives based on input, like reading certain books, while in others, the incentives were based on output, like results on exams. His

50、main finding was that incentives increased achievement when based on input but had no effect when based on output. Fryers conclusion was that the incentives for inputs might be more effective because students do not know how to do better on an exam, aside from general rules like “study harder. Readi

51、ng certain books, on the other hand, is a well-set task over which they have much more control.As long as you have direct control over your goal, you have a much higher chance of success. And its easier to start again if you fail, because you know exactly what you need to do.If yo want to cut down o

52、n your spending, a good goal would be making morning coffee at home instead of going to a cafe, for example. This is a well-specified action-based goal for which you can measure your success easily. Spending less money isnt a goal because its too general. Similarly, if you want to spend more time wi

53、th your family, dont stop with this general wish. Think about an actionable habit that you could adopt and stick to, like a family movie night every Wednesday.In the long run, these new goals could become a habit.63. The writer thinks that setting weight loss as a goal is a mistake because .A. it is

54、 hard to achieve for most AmericansB. it is focused too much on the resultC. it is dependent on too many thingsD. it is based on actionable decisions64. In Roland Fryers research, some students did better than the others because .A. they obeyed all the general rulesB. they paid more attention to exa

55、msC. they were motivated by their classmatesD. they were rewarded for reading some books65. According to the writer, which of the following statements is a good goal?A. “Ill give up dessert. B. “Ill study harder.C. “Ill cut down my expenses. D. “Ill spend more time with my family.66. The writer stro

56、ngly believes that we should .A. develop good habits and focus on the outcomeB. be optimistic about final goals and stick to themC. pick specific actions that can be turned into good habitD. set ambitious goals that can balance the input and output【分析】這是一篇議論文，文章的中心大意：我們在設(shè)定自己的目標(biāo)時(shí)應(yīng)該以過程為導(dǎo)向，而不是以結(jié)果為導(dǎo)向。把注

57、意力放在過程上，更有利于目標(biāo)的實(shí)現(xiàn)。63.【答案】B【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞setting weight loss as a goal定位在文中首段尾句，具體選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容在文中第二段匹配與之對應(yīng)信息。A選項(xiàng)所答非所問，內(nèi)容不匹配題干問題。B選項(xiàng)為第二段第四句同義改寫，文中第二段強(qiáng)調(diào)要focus on input，not output所以正確。C選項(xiàng)細(xì)節(jié)不夠明確。D選項(xiàng)based on過于絕對。64.【答案】D【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞some students did better than the others 定位在文中第三段，具體選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容在文中第二段匹配與之對應(yīng)信息。A選項(xiàng)文中未提

58、及，無事生非。B選項(xiàng)文中為提及，無事生非。C選項(xiàng)張冠李戴，they were motivated by Fryer ,而不是by classmates。D選項(xiàng)對應(yīng)第三段第五句話Fryers conclusion was that the incentives for inputs might be more effective because students do not know how to do better on an exam，所以正確。65.【答案】A【解析】推斷題。根據(jù)題干信息 a good goal回原文定位第五段第一句話， 根據(jù)作者舉例推斷出 a good goal的概念為

59、具體的目標(biāo)，根據(jù)文章中心，好的目標(biāo)一定是以過程為主要導(dǎo)向的。A是講放棄甜點(diǎn)，是減肥中的過程。而BCD都是以結(jié)果為導(dǎo)向。應(yīng)選A。66.【答案】C【解析】主旨大意題。文章最后一句其實(shí)是在照應(yīng)開頭，是起到強(qiáng)調(diào)主旨的作用?！皬拈L遠(yuǎn)來看，這些新的目標(biāo)能夠變成習(xí)慣。 新的目標(biāo)指的正好與首段的相反，要注重過程的行動的目標(biāo)。故C項(xiàng)更能符合主旨。DStore Scent(香味)What is the first thing you notice when you walk into a shop? The products displayed展示 at the entrance? Or the soft bac

60、kground music?But have you ever noticed the smell? Unless it is bad, the answer is likely to be no. but while a shops scent may not be outstanding compared with sights and sounds, it is certainly there. And it is proving be an increasingly powerful tool in encouraging people to purchase.A brand stor