名詞性從句PPT-英語

1、關于名詞性從句PPT-英語第1頁，共76頁，2022年，5月20日，3點51分，星期四Point out the function of each noun in the following sentences: 1.The world loves nature. 2.Knowledge is power .3.We Chinese are peace-loving.subjectobjectpredicativesubjectsubjectappositionpredicative第2頁，共76頁，2022年，5月20日，3點51分，星期四名詞性從句名詞性從句在功能上相當于名詞主語 His

2、job is important.What he does is important.表語This is his job.This is what he does every day. 第3頁，共76頁，2022年，5月20日，3點51分，星期四賓語 I dont like his job.I dont like what he does every day.同位語 I dont know about the man, Mr. White.I dont know about the fact that he is Mr.White.第4頁，共76頁，2022年，5月20日，3點51分，星期四什

3、么叫名詞性從句？在句子中起名詞作用的句子叫名詞從句 (Noun Clauses）名詞從句的功能相當于名詞詞組, 它在復合句中能擔任主語、賓語、表語、同位語等因此根據它在句中不同的語法功能，名詞從句又可分別稱為主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句第5頁，共76頁，2022年，5月20日，3點51分，星期四What are noun clauses? His story is interesting. What he said is interesting. I heard his story. I heard what he said. I listen to his story. I li

4、sten to what he said. This is his story. This is what he said. The idea of going there is good. The idea that we go there is good.Subject clauseObject clauseObject clause after a prepositionPredictive clauseAppositive clause第6頁，共76頁，2022年，5月20日，3點51分，星期四Practice time：指出下列各名詞性從句的種類At lunchtime, the r

5、adio weatherman reported that the mist would become a thick fog in the afternoon.2. She wondered if the buses would still be running.3. The truth is that the fog is too thick for the bus to run that far.4. When we will start is not clear.5. I had no idea that you were her friend.Object clauseObject

6、clausePredicative clauseSubject clauseAppositive clause第7頁，共76頁，2022年，5月20日，3點51分，星期四名詞性從句中的連接詞有:連詞: that / whether / as if(though);連接代詞: what / who/ which / whose / whatever / whoever / whomever / whichever，連接副詞: where / when / why / how / wherever / whenever。 第8頁，共76頁，2022年，5月20日，3點51分，星期四引導詞句型轉換1

7、.They are good doctors. He told us. 2. He hadnt said anything at the meeting. The fact surprised us.He told us that they were good doctors.The fact that he hadnt said anything at the meeting surprised us.總結：當從句原來是陳述句時，變成名詞性從句用that引導。第9頁，共76頁，2022年，5月20日，3點51分，星期四3.Does your sister get up early? Do y

8、ou know? 4.Do animals have the same senses as humans? I often wonder. Do you know if/ whether your sister gets up early?I often wonder if/ whether animals have the same senses as humans.總結：當從句原來是一般疑問句時，變成名詞性從句用if或whether引導。第10頁，共76頁，2022年，5月20日，3點51分，星期四5.When did he buy this new bike? Could you tel

9、l me? 6.My question is this: where will the lecture be given? Could you tell me when he bought this new bike?My question is where the lecture will be given.總結：當從句原來是特殊疑問句時，變成名詞性從句還用原來的特殊疑問詞來引導。第11頁，共76頁，2022年，5月20日，3點51分，星期四總結：名詞性從句必須用陳述句語序。另外，一般情況下，名詞性從句均看作單數概念。由what引導的一般看后面的表語。賓語從句的時態(tài)一般與主句保持一致。1.W

10、hat we need more time.2.What we need more English dictionaries.areis第12頁，共76頁，2022年，5月20日，3點51分，星期四Practice time.單句改錯1.That the earth turns around the sun are known to all.2.When the meeting will be held havent been known yet.3.I didnt know that you will come.4.He said that he is writing a story.5.C

11、ould you tell me when will he arrive?6.You can begin to see why does English have such strange rules._ is_ hasnt_would_was_ he will_ English has第13頁，共76頁，2022年，5月20日，3點51分，星期四Object Clauses 賓語從句第14頁，共76頁，2022年，5月20日，3點51分，星期四 I know him . 2. I know who he is . 主語謂語賓語（簡單句）主語謂語賓 語 從 句連詞從句主語 從句謂語 主 句（復

12、合句）第15頁，共76頁，2022年，5月20日，3點51分，星期四賓語從句的概念：賓語從句在復合句中作主句的賓語。句子結構：主句 +連詞（引導詞）+ 簡單句或其一部分第16頁，共76頁，2022年，5月20日，3點51分，星期四一、連詞（引導詞） 1. 當賓語從句是陳述句時（包括肯定句和否定句），連詞由that引導，因為that在從句中不作任何成分，也沒有任何具體意思，因此在口語或非正式文體中常省略She says (that) she wont take part in the sports meeting next Sunday.Jim thought (that) the train

13、was like a big moving party.第17頁，共76頁，2022年，5月20日，3點51分，星期四2.賓語從句中的連接詞that在以下三種情況下不能省略：（1）當that 從句與另一名詞性從句并列作賓語時，第二個that不能省；（2）當that作介詞賓語時，that不可省掉。（3）用it做形式賓語的賓語從句Everyone knew what happened and that she was worried. The reason lies in that she works harder than the others do.I think it necessary t

14、hat you should read English aloud.第18頁，共76頁，2022年，5月20日，3點51分，星期四3.在主句為動詞be加某些形容詞（如sorry, sure, afraid, glad等）作表語時，后面所跟的省略that的從句也可算是賓語從句Im sorry (that) I dont know .Were sure (that) our team will win .Im afraid (that) he wont pass the exam .第19頁，共76頁，2022年，5月20日，3點51分，星期四4. 當賓語從句是一般疑問句時，由連詞whether或

15、if引導（口語中常用if），因為if/whether翻譯成：“是否”，具有一定的意義，所以不能省略Lily wanted to know if /whether her grandma liked the handbag .Lets see if /whether we can find out some information about that city .She asked me if /whether she could borrow these books .第20頁，共76頁，2022年，5月20日，3點51分，星期四whether與if的辨用表“是否”時，在下列情況下用whet

16、her。a. 主語從句b. 表語從句c. 同位語從句d. 介詞后的賓語從句e.后接動詞不定式 (whether to do sth.) f .whether or not 連在一起引導賓語從句時不用if第21頁，共76頁，2022年，5月20日，3點51分，星期四Practice timeif / whether1. I asked her _ she had a bike.3. Were worried about _ he is safe.4. I dont know _ he is well or not.5. I dont know _ or not he is well.8. I d

17、ont know _ to go. if / whetherwhetherwhether /ifwhetherwhether第22頁，共76頁，2022年，5月20日，3點51分，星期四5. 當賓語從句是特殊疑問句時，由連接代詞（what, who, whom, whose）或連接副詞（when, where, how, why）引導，因為連接代詞或連接副詞在從句中擔任一定的句子成分，具有一定的意義，所以不可以省略Do you know what he said just now ? I dont remember when we arrived . I asked him where I c

18、ould get so much money . Please tell me who (whom) we have to see . Do you know what time the plane leaves ?第23頁，共76頁，2022年，5月20日，3點51分，星期四 帶how的詞組也都可以引導賓語從句Could you tell us how often you go abroad for a holiday ?Could you tell us how long the meeting will last ?I dont know how far it is to the cin

19、ema .Please tell us how many students there are in your school ?Can you tell us how old his brother is ?Please tell us how soon you will be ready .Could you tell us how much it costs to fly to Hainan ?第24頁，共76頁，2022年，5月20日，3點51分，星期四二、時態(tài)1. 如果主句是現(xiàn)在的時態(tài) （包括一般現(xiàn)在時 ， 現(xiàn)在進行時，現(xiàn)在完成時），從句的時態(tài)可根 據實際情況而定，（包括一般現(xiàn)在時，一

20、般過 去時，一般將來時，現(xiàn)在完成時等）I know he lives here .I know he lived here ten years ago . I have heard that he will come tomorrow .第25頁，共76頁，2022年，5月20日，3點51分，星期四2.如果主句是過去的時態(tài)（包括一般過去時，過去進行時），那么從句的時態(tài)一定要用相對應的過去的某種時態(tài)（包括一般過去時，過去進行時，過去將來時， 過去完成時）I knew who lived here. I saw she was talking with her mother. He asked w

21、hether his father would come back tomorrow. He said that he had seen it .第26頁，共76頁，2022年，5月20日，3點51分，星期四3.當從句是客觀真理，定義，公理，定理 時用一般現(xiàn)在時。The teacher said that the earth travels around the sun.第27頁，共76頁，2022年，5月20日，3點51分，星期四The radio says it _ cloudy tomorrow. (be)The headmaster hopes everything _ well. (

22、go)Tom says that they _ (play) basketball at six oclock yesterday evening. I hear they _ (return) it already. He said that they _ members of the Party since 1948. (be) will be goes were playing have returned had been 第28頁，共76頁，2022年，5月20日，3點51分，星期四6. I didnt know what time he _ the letter. (write)7.

23、 Could you tell me who _ away the book already? (take)8. Ling Feng told me he _ to the Great Wall several times. (be) wrote has taken had been 第29頁，共76頁，2022年，5月20日，3點51分，星期四三、語序賓語從句的語序用陳述語序：連接詞+主語+謂語+其他成分第30頁，共76頁，2022年，5月20日，3點51分，星期四1. When will he go to the library? His brother asks when he will

24、 go to the library . His brother asks when will he go to the library . 2. What does he want to buy ? I dont know what he wants to buy . I dont know what does he want to buy . 第31頁，共76頁，2022年，5月20日，3點51分，星期四1could / would是委婉語氣，而不是過去式，因此賓語從句的時態(tài)根據實際情況用不同時態(tài)。注意事項Could you please tell me where we show our

25、 tickets ?Could you tell us which gate we have to go to ?Would you like to know when he will come back ?第32頁，共76頁，2022年，5月20日，3點51分，星期四2. 如果主句的謂語動詞是ask時，連詞不可能是that；如果主句的謂語動詞是say時，連詞用thatShe says (that) she will leave a message on his desk .He said (that) he was going to take care of the child .He as

26、ks if I like playing the piano .You may ask the man over there how you can get to the bus station .第33頁，共76頁，2022年，5月20日，3點51分，星期四3. 否定的轉移:若主語謂語動詞為think, consider, suppose, believe, expect, guess, imagine等,其后的賓語從句若含有否定意義,一般要把否定詞轉移到主句謂語上,從句謂語用肯定式。 I dont think this dress fits you well. (我認為這件衣服不適合你穿。

27、)第34頁，共76頁，2022年，5月20日，3點51分，星期四4. it?？梢苑旁趧釉~think, find, consider, believe, feel, make等后作為形式賓語:it不僅可以作為形式主語，還可以作為形式賓語而真正的賓語-that從句則放在句尾,特別是在帶復合賓語的句子中。 We heard it that she would get married next month.第35頁，共76頁，2022年，5月20日，3點51分，星期四Predicative Clauses 表語從句第36頁，共76頁，2022年，5月20日，3點51分，星期四表語從句是在復合句中作表語

28、的名詞性從句, 放在系動詞之后,一般結構是“主語+系動詞+表語從句”。可以接表語從句的系動詞有be, look, remain, seem等。另外,常用的還有the reason why is that 和It is because 等結構。例如：第37頁，共76頁，2022年，5月20日，3點51分，星期四. 表語從句：從句在句中充當表語成分，一般放在連系動詞之后. 作用:對主語進行解釋說明。連接詞：that / whether /as if /as though（ if 不 引導 表語從句)連接代詞：who / whom / whose / which / what 連接副詞：when /

29、 where / why / how / because The question is whether we can rely on him. Thats because we were in need of money at that time . He looked as if he was going to cry .Thats why I was late .第38頁，共76頁，2022年，5月20日，3點51分，星期四注 意：在表語從句中，表“是否” 時，只能用 “whether”不能用“If”。一般情況下，“that”不能省。 It is /was because . It is

30、 /was why. 3. The reason (why/for)is /was that.4 The reason is because /whythat .第39頁，共76頁，2022年，5月20日，3點51分，星期四名詞主語+be+that引起的表語從句在這種句型中，常用表示事實，真理的名詞，如：fact, truth 或表示看法，觀點的名詞，如：idea,opinion,belief,view,feeling,suggestion,plan等作主語。如：1.The fact is that our team has won the game.2.The truth is that s

31、he was the very person who informed against her husband.第40頁，共76頁，2022年，5月20日，3點51分，星期四注意表語從句的引導詞與主語從句和賓語從句相同. 但: 1. that引導表語從句時不能省. 2. if不能引導表語從句. 第41頁，共76頁，2022年，5月20日，3點51分，星期四1. Thats _ the Party called on us to do. A. why B. what C. how D. that 2. The reason is _ he is unable to operate the mac

32、hine. A. because B. why C. that D. Whether3 .That is _ they separated. A. that B. what C. which D. where 4.Jane is no longer _ she was four years ago. A. what B. which C. that D. when 第42頁，共76頁，2022年，5月20日，3點51分，星期四Subject Clauses 主語從句第43頁，共76頁，2022年，5月20日，3點51分，星期四1. 主語從句：從句在句中充當主語成分1). That he wil

33、l succeed is certain .2) Whether he will go there is not known .3) What he said is not true .4) Where he hid the money is to be found out .5) Whoever comes is welcome.6) Its certain that he will succeed .7) How we can help the twins will be discussed at the meeting. 8)When theyll start the project h

34、as not been decided yet.第44頁，共76頁，2022年，5月20日，3點51分，星期四 考點一:主語從句后置! 為了避免主語冗長,句子頭重腳輕,經常用it作形式主語,主語從句放在后面作真正的主語. 例:That we shall be late is certain.- Its certain that we shall be late.1. That the earth is round is known to all.- 2. That you missed the chance is a pity.- 由連詞 whether , 連接代詞 what,who,whi

35、ch 和連接副詞 when,where,why,how 等引導.也 常常后置:It is a pity that you missed the chance.Its known to all that the earth is round.第45頁，共76頁，2022年，5月20日，3點51分，星期四It 的用法： （形式主語） It possible/important/necessary/clear that很可能/重要的是/必要的是/很清楚 Its said/ reported that.據說/據報道 Its been announced/declared that.已經通知/宣布 It

36、 seems/appears/happens. that顯然、明顯、 碰巧. Its no wonder that并不奇怪/無疑 Its a pity/a fact /a common knowledge (眾所周知） / a common saying.（俗話說）第46頁，共76頁，2022年，5月20日，3點51分，星期四考點二注意：主語從句中 ，謂語動詞一般用單數What引導的主語從句，可根據表語決定What he needs _is_ that book.What he needs _are_ some books.第47頁，共76頁，2022年，5月20日，3點51分，星期四 wha

37、t引導名詞性從句時在從句中充當句子成分,如主語,賓語,表語,而that則不然,它在句子中只起連接作用。例如：(1) What you said yesterday is right.(2) That she is still alive is a puzzle.What 與 that 引導主語從句 第48頁，共76頁，2022年，5月20日，3點51分，星期四由 that 引導:1. That we shall be late is certain.2. _ is known to all. (地球是圓的)3. _ is a pity. (你錯過了這次機會) that 無意義, 后接一個完整的

38、句子. that 不可省That the earth is roundThat you missed the chance第49頁，共76頁，2022年，5月20日，3點51分，星期四注 意：What you left are only several old books.What you said is of great importance.What he says and does doesnt concern me.What he says and does dont agree.“if” 不能引導主語從句，應有“whether”引導。主語從句的 “that” 一般不能省。“what”

39、引導主語從句時，謂語動詞： 1）常與其后的名詞作表語一致 2）根據句子的語境而定。第50頁，共76頁，2022年，5月20日，3點51分，星期四_ he made an important speech at the meeting was true. A. That B. Why C. What D. How 2. _well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather . A If B Whether C That D Where 3._ is known to us all is that America is a developed count

40、ry_the First World.Which; belong to b. As, belonged to c. What; belonging to d. It; belonging to第51頁，共76頁，2022年，5月20日，3點51分，星期四4. Its known to us all _ a form of energy . A. water is B. that water is C. is water D. that water to 5. It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning gray. A. whether B. that

41、 C. what D. when6.What I say and think _ none of your business. A. is B. are C. has D have第52頁，共76頁，2022年，5月20日，3點51分，星期四Appositive Clauses 同位語從句第53頁，共76頁，2022年，5月20日，3點51分，星期四同位語從句在句中充當同位語從句成分，其一般跟在一些抽象名詞（ idea ；belief ； fact ； truth ； problem ；news 等）后面，對名詞作進一步解釋說明. n.+ 連接詞 + 從句同位語從句常用 that 引導或用連接

42、副詞when / where/why / how / whether 1) The idea that computers can recognize human voices surprises many people .2).Sydney kept his promise that he would always do anything he could for Lucie to make sure of her happiness.第54頁，共76頁，2022年，5月20日，3點51分，星期四注: 1. 同 位語從句多用that 引導2. 在have no idea 之后常用wh-引導同

43、位語從句. I have no idea where he has gone.I have no idea when he did it.I have no idea what he did.第55頁，共76頁，2022年，5月20日，3點51分，星期四I have no idea when he will be back.how he can get the treasure.where the concert will be hold.who can finish the work.why it happened.which pen is mine.what we should do ne

44、xt.whom they are talking about.whether itll rain tomorrow.that our football team won the game. 第56頁，共76頁，2022年，5月20日，3點51分，星期四1.Two thirds of all girls in Britain are on a diet./ The fact worries their parents and teachers a lot.2.The Queen of England was on a three-day visit in China./ We heard the

45、 news last night._ The fact that two thirds of all girls are on a diet worries their parents and teachers a lot._We heard the news last night that the Queen of England was on a three-day visit in China.第57頁，共76頁，2022年，5月20日，3點51分，星期四名詞demand, suggestion, proposal, advice 等詞后的同位語從句的語氣要用虛擬語氣,結構為 shoul

46、d + do, should 可省略 He gave me a suggestion that I ( should ) be calm now.第58頁，共76頁，2022年，5月20日，3點51分，星期四I have heard the news that he visited our factory .I have heard the news that he told you the other day .同位語從句和定語從句的區(qū)別：1 同位語從句that 只起連接作用，不作任何成分 定語從句 that 是關系代詞，起連接作用和充 當賓語和主語2同位語從句同位語從句和前面的名詞是同位關

47、系，對名詞進行補充說明 定語從句 定從和前面的名詞是所屬關系，對名詞進行修飾，加以限定3同位語從句that 不能省 定語從句 that 在從句中作賓語時，可以省第59頁，共76頁，2022年，5月20日，3點51分，星期四Practice :判斷下列各句是同位語從句還是定語從句1.They expressed the hope that they would come to visit China again.2. The hope that she expressed is that they would come to visit China again. 3.The fact that

48、she works hard is well known to us all. 同位語從句定語從句同位語從句第60頁，共76頁，2022年，5月20日，3點51分，星期四 Thank you第61頁，共76頁，2022年，5月20日，3點51分，星期四1.The young man asked _ its summer or winter. A. either B. that C. weather D. whether2.We dont know _ they did it . A. how B. who C. what D. which 3. The teacher asks us _ Ji

49、m can come back on time . A. that B. if C. when D. what time 4. Does anybody know _ or not we will have a sports meeting this weekend. A. if B. where C. whether D. thatDABC第62頁，共76頁，2022年，5月20日，3點51分，星期四5. Could you show me _ ? A. how can I get to the station B. where is the station C. how I could g

50、et to the station D. how I can reach the station6. Please tell me _. A. what does he like B. what he does like C. what he likes D. what he like7. My sister told him _ . A. what day was it B. when the train arrived C. who she was waiting D. where did you liveCBD第63頁，共76頁，2022年，5月20日，3點51分，星期四8. Someo

51、ne is ringing the doorbell . Go and see _ . A. who is he B. who he is C. who is it D. who it is 9. Could you tell me how long _ ? A. you have bought the watch B. you have kept this science book C. have you been away from China D. have you been a member of Greener China10. He says that if it _ tomorr

52、ow , he _ fishing . A. will rain , wont go B. rained , wasnt go C. rains , wont go D. rain , will go BCD第64頁，共76頁，2022年，5月20日，3點51分，星期四1. _made the school proud was _more than 90%of the students had been admitted to key universities . A What / because B What / that C That / what D That / because2._s

53、he couldnt understand was _ fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons . A What / why B That / what C What / because D Why / that BAB3. He is absent from school . It is _ he is seriously ill. A. why B. because C. that D. the reason第65頁，共76頁，2022年，5月20日，3點51分，星期四4 _has helped to save the

54、 drowning girl is worth praising . A Who B The one C Anyone D Whoever 5. Information has been put forward _ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities . A that B how C where D what DA第66頁，共76頁，2022年，5月20日，3點51分，星期四6 I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week . - Is that _you h

55、ad a few days off ? A why B when C what D where 7 Are you still thinking about yesterdays game ?- Oh ,thats _. A what makes me feel excited B whatever I feel excited about C how I feel about it D when I feel excited AA第67頁，共76頁，2022年，5月20日，3點51分，星期四._ fashion differs from country to country may refl

56、ect the cultural differences from one aspect . A What B That C This D Which 10. When you answer questions in a job interview ,please remember the golden rule :Always give the monkey exactly _ he wants . A what B which C when D that 11. We made the suggestion that he _ his work . A continues B contin

57、ue C continued D had continued BAB第68頁，共76頁，2022年，5月20日，3點51分，星期四12.There will be a special price for _ buys things in large number here.A. who B. whom C. whoever D. Whomever13. Mary wrote an article on _ the team had failed to win the game .why B. what C. who D. that (05)14.The poor young man is re

58、ady to accept _ help he can get. (05) A. whichever B. however C. whatever D.whenever第69頁，共76頁，2022年，5月20日，3點51分，星期四14.Many newspaper printed the governors statement _ would support a tax cut. and he B. was that he C which he D that he 15._ man must fear when traveling in space is radiation from the sun.Which B. How C. What D. That 16.It i