湘雅兒科精品-xulun課件

1、DEPARTMENT OF PEDIATRICSTHE SECOND XIANG-YA HOSPITALCENTRAL SOUTH UNIVERSITY中南大學(xué)兒科學(xué)教研室同學(xué)們來我科學(xué)習(xí)祝同學(xué)們身體健康學(xué)業(yè)有成兒科學(xué) PEDIATRICS 緒 論 Introduction第一章PURPOSE To understand the pediatric features To master the age stage and features in childPEDIATRICS目的 To study regular rule of growth & development To improve

2、health level To improve quality of prevention & treatmentMEDICAL SCIENCEPEDIATRICS定義all health problems in children 預(yù)防兒科學(xué) Preventive Pediatrics 發(fā)育兒科學(xué) Developmental Pediatrics 臨床兒科學(xué) Clinical PediatricsPEDIATRICS范圍 Features of Objects different from adultContinuous growth & developmentPEDIATRICS研究對(duì)象特點(diǎn)

3、Basic Medical Features Anatomy from small to large Functions physiologic & biochemistric functions are gradual perfection Pathology response to germ is different for different age stage Immunology immunologic functions are gradual perfection psychology continuity & plasticityPEDIATRICS基礎(chǔ)醫(yī)學(xué)特點(diǎn)Clinical

4、 Medical Features Category of disease Clinical Manifestation Diagnosis Treatment Prognosis PreventionPEDIATRICS臨床醫(yī)學(xué)特點(diǎn)胎兒期 Fetal Period from fertilized ovum to delivery (about 40 weeks)Feature easy abortion or malformation formed by any risk factor 年齡分期新生兒期 Neonatal Periodfrom umbilical ligation to 28

5、th day Features Beginning living independently Lack the ability of physiological regulation and to adapt to circumstances Morbidity & mortality are very high 年齡分期 嬰兒期 Infancy from delivery to 1 year oldFeatures rapid growth period fastest brain growth nutrition & energy requirements are more digesti

6、ve & absorbing functions are poor passive immunity gradually diminishes年齡分期 幼兒期 Toddler Agefrom 1 to 3 years oldFeatures growth becomes slower more activity and more contact with the outer world intelligence development becomes faster poor ability to identify danger年齡分期 學(xué)齡前期 Preschool Agefrom 3 year

7、s old to 6-7 years oldFeatures growth becomes slower, intelligence development becomes more mature strong desire of knowledge, imitation of adults behavior poor ability to identify danger 年齡分期 學(xué)齡期 School Age from 6-7 years old to adolescenceFeature growth becomes steadier intelligence development becomes more mature increasing desire of knowledge decreasing incidence of diseases年齡分期 青春期 Adolescencefrom the appearance of 2nd sexual character to genitality maturity and growth completiongirl 11-12yrs-17-18yrsBoy 13-14yrs-18-20yrsFeature growth