大學(xué)英語(yǔ)-情態(tài)動(dòng)詞2-優(yōu)質(zhì)課件

1、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞/Modal Auxiliary情態(tài)動(dòng)詞/Modal Auxiliary什么是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞？情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和助動(dòng)詞一樣，都是輔助性的動(dòng)詞，用來(lái)幫助構(gòu)成不同的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)，表示說(shuō)話者的某種情態(tài)，沒(méi)有人稱和數(shù)的變化may mightcan couldshall shouldwill wouldMust 無(wú)變化什么是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞？情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和助動(dòng)詞一樣，都是輔助性的動(dòng)詞，用來(lái)Will和Would1. 表示請(qǐng)求Will you give her the letter?Would you please tell me your telephone number?2.表示習(xí)慣或傾向，與used to 進(jìn)行對(duì)比Sca

2、rf used to be heavy smokerFather used not to be so forgetfulWill和Would1. 表示請(qǐng)求Scarf used to2. Would強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去某種特定情況下的動(dòng)作，是完全過(guò)去的事情，與現(xiàn)在沒(méi)有聯(lián)系。She used to get up at six in the morningShe would get up at six in the morningMan used to think that the earth was flatMan would think that the earth was flat2. Would強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去

3、某種特定情況下的動(dòng)作，是完全過(guò)去的事In those days, whenever I had difficulties, I_Mr. Shen for help.A. Used to go to B. Was used to go toC. Would go to D. Used to going toHe_up at five, but now he gets up at six.A. Used to getting B. Would getC. Was used to get D. Used to getIn those days, whenever I had 3.表示推測(cè)It wil

4、l be Mr. Wang knocking at the door.It would be about ten oclock when he left homeThey_in New York by now.A. will arrive B. will be arrivingC. will have arrived D. are arriving3.表示推測(cè)4. 表示命令、強(qiáng)迫All will arrive before 7:455. 表示意愿或者固執(zhí)地堅(jiān)持。She wont lend me the moneyThe window wont open4. 表示命令、強(qiáng)迫6.表示能力（擬人化）

5、The hall will seat 1000 people7.表示客觀事實(shí)Fish will die out of water8.表示意圖或允諾You wii have your share6.表示能力（擬人化）9Would ratherWould rather(sooner).thanHe would rather_than_the secret.A. die.telling B. die.to tellC. dead.tell D. die.tellI would rather you _her the bike the other day.A. didnt lend B. hadnt

6、lentC. should not lend D. wouldnt have lent9Can/could1）表示許可You can borrow two books at a time from the library2）表示可能性I cant guess whose book it is3）表示能力She couldnt climb the mountainCan/could1）表示許可注意：Cant help和couldnt bear中的不能變成be able to.The weather was able to clear upThe fire was not able to be p

7、ut out注意：Can(could)+have+過(guò)去分詞有時(shí)等于may(might)+have+過(guò)去分詞意思為可能Can they have missed the trainHe couldnt have been swimming all dayShe couldnt have heard you knocking at the doorCan(could)+have+過(guò)去分詞有時(shí)等于may(mi第二單元Have to 和 must1)have to 強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀需要，must強(qiáng)調(diào)主觀看法I must learn another languageI have to learn another

8、languageSomeone must have lost the game.Someone had to lose the game第二單元Have to 和 must注意以下兩句Though she didnt need to , she must go.You dont have to come again, but you must2.have to 表示義務(wù)或習(xí)慣動(dòng)作，must表示重要或急迫的事情。We have to care for the youngShe has to be at the office before eight every day.You must go t

9、o the manager at once, or youll be dismissed.注意以下兩句3) have to 可用于不同時(shí)態(tài)，must一般只用于現(xiàn)在時(shí)I have to leave nowWell have to buy another TV setThey had to put off the sports meet because of the bad weather3) have to 可用于不同時(shí)態(tài)，must一般只用于現(xiàn)在4.must可以表示推測(cè)，have to 不能This must be Jims penThere must be something wrong wi

10、th the machine注意:Have to 的否定式和疑問(wèn)式可以按照助動(dòng)詞的變化規(guī)則構(gòu)成，也可以按照通用變化規(guī)則Have you to finish the work before supper?Do you have to finish the work before supper4.must可以表示推測(cè)，have to 不能Must need 和 need notMust not 表示禁止, 所以在回答must 引導(dǎo)的問(wèn)題時(shí)，如果否定，該怎么回答？Must needs 和needs mustNeeds為副詞,相當(dāng)于necessarily, of necessity二者均可表示必須，必

11、定，不得不，但must needs 還可以表示偏偏，偏要。I must needs go there nowNeeds must when the devil drives.She must needs go away when I want her.Must need 和 need notNeedNeed可以做助動(dòng)詞，也可以做行為動(dòng)詞Father sent me the book, so I didnt need to write to him for it.Father sent me the book, so I neednt have written to him for it. Sh

12、e didnt need to comeShe neednt have comeNeedNeed可以做助動(dòng)詞，也可以做行為動(dòng)詞注意:作助動(dòng)詞用，need只用于疑問(wèn)句和否定句，肯定句中用must, have to, should, ought to等。Need you do it right now? I neednt, but he must.注意:作助動(dòng)詞用，need只用于疑問(wèn)句和否定句，肯定句中用mOught toOught to沒(méi)有詞性變化，通用于所有人稱和時(shí)態(tài)。He knew he_ tell her that.A. ought not B. ought to notC. didnt

13、ought to D. ought not toOught toOught to沒(méi)有詞性變化，通用于所有人稱Ought to表示義務(wù)或責(zé)任，提醒某人義務(wù)或提出勸告，指出一個(gè)正確、明智的行為。Must強(qiáng)調(diào)主觀愿望，涉及說(shuō)話人的權(quán)威Have to表示由某種情況或環(huán)境所迫而不得不做的事Should和ought to完全相同，但ought to語(yǔ)氣更重。Ought to表示義務(wù)或責(zé)任，提醒某人義務(wù)或提出勸告，指出You ought to respect the oldYou must do it at onceWell have to reconsider the matterWe should (o

14、ught to) do more for the countryYou ought to respect the oldShall1.表示征求意見(jiàn)或請(qǐng)求指示Shall we meet in the evening?How shall I start the machine?2.表示意圖、意志、允諾或命令等，但shall所表示的意志是說(shuō)話人的意志，并非句子主語(yǔ)的意志I shall give you a lot of moneyEach citizen shall carry his identification card when travelling.She shall get this paper in the eveningHe shall get what he deservesShall1.表示征求意見(jiàn)或請(qǐng)求指示Should1. 用于疑問(wèn)句或感嘆句，表示“推斷”How should I know?Why should you be worryi