亨利詹姆斯Henry-James-課件

1、Henry James1843-1916Henry James1843-1916Henry JamesTraveled extensively around Europe and America Believed in the importance of being able to present your view of the world freely and without restraints Major author of Realist Fiction and Trans-Atlantic Literature Henry JamesTraveled extensivelLiter

2、ary ThemesCross-cultural communication between Europeans and Americans Differences between the Old World and New World (European and America) Self-perception Psychological examination of the human mind Social Issues/Social Commentary Romance Literary ThemesCross-cultural Stream of ConsciousnessJames

3、s contributions to the novel helped transform it to an art form of penetrating analysis of individuals confronting society.Jamess style of writing encompassed both Europe and America. He is a master of character portrayal and has extensively used the stream of consciousness method in his fictional w

4、riting.Stream of ConsciousnessJamessHenry JamesStream of consciousness, as a term, was first used by William James (Henry Jamess brother), the American philosopher and psychologist, in his book The Principles of Psychology (1890).Henry JamesStream of consciousHenry JamesStream of Consciousness, lite

5、rary technique, first used in the late 19th century, employed to show subjective as well as objective reality. It reveals the characters feelings, thoughts, and actions, often following an associative rather than a logical sequence, without commentary by the author.Henry JamesStream of ConsciousHenr

6、y JamesStream of consciousness is often confused with interior monologue, but the latter technique works the sensations of the mind into a more formal pattern: a flow of thoughts inwardly expressed, similar to a soliloquy. Henry JamesStream of consciousHenry JamesThe technique of stream of conscious

7、ness, however, attempts to portray the remote, preconscious state that exists before the mind organizes sensations. Consequently, the re-creation of a stream of consciousness frequently lacks the unity, explicit cohesion, and selectivity of direct thought. Henry JamesThe technique of stThe Portrait

8、of a Lady ThemesOld world versus New World: Contrast between European and American lifestyles and culture. Emphasizing liberty of America and the social constraints of Europe.Psychological: An experiment to see what happens when an idealistic young woman suddenly becomes very rich. Exploring the mai

9、n characters thought process. Freedom vs. Responsibility: Isabel Archers freedom diminishes as she inherits a great deal of money.Social Maturation: through loss, disappointment, and suffering, Isabel finally matures and realizes she must do what is expected of her. The Portrait of a Lady ThemesOHen

10、ry JamesIsabel Archer-The novels protagonist, the Lady of the title.Her mother died when she was a young girl, and her father raised her in a haphazard manner, allowing her to educate herself and encouraging her independence. As a result, the adult Isabel is widely read, imaginative, and confident i

11、n her abilities.Isabel Archer is portrayed as an innocent American. Her innocence is the primary element of her sense of her freedom. James seems to be saying that Isabel only thinks she is free and capable of living her life freely.Henry JamesIsabel Archer-The Henry JamesCharactersMrs. Touchett- Is

12、abels aunt. Mrs. Touchett is an indomitable, independent old woman who first brings Isabel to Europe.Caspar Goodwood - The son of a prominent Boston mill owner, Isabels most dedicated suitor in America. Goodwoods charisma, simplicity, capability, and lack of sophistication make him the books purest

13、symbol of Jamess conception of America. Henry JamesCharactersHenry JamesCharactersGilbert Osmond -A cruel, manipulative, narcissistic gentleman of no particular social standing or wealth, who seduces Isabel and marries her for her money. An art collector, Osmond poses as a disinterested aesthete, bu

14、t in reality he is desperate for the recognition and admiration of those around him. Henry JamesCharactersHenry JamesCharactersMadame Merle- An accomplished, graceful, and manipulative woman, Madame Merle is a popular lady who does not have a husband or a fortune. Motivated by her love for Gilbert O

15、smond, Merle manipulates Isabel into marrying Osmond, delivering Isabels fortune into his hands and ruining Isabels life in the process. Henry JamesCharactersHenry JamesCharactersRalph Touchett- Isabels wise, funny cousin, who is ill with lung disease throughout the entire novel, which ends shortly

16、after his death. Ralph acts as a dedicated spectator, resolving to live vicariously through his beloved cousin Isabel Henry JamesCharactersPlotIsabel Archer, journeys to Europe with her Aunt (Mrs. Touchett) shortly after Isabels father dies.She receives a visit from Mrs. Touchett, who currently live

17、s in Europe, and she offers to take Isabel on a trip to Europe.Isabel eagerly agrees, telling Caspar that she cannot tell him whether she wishes to marry him until she has had at least a year to travel in Europe with her aunt.The narrative is set mainly in Europe, especially in England and Italy.PlotIsabel Archer, journeys toPlotThe result is a richly imagined study of an American heiress who turns away her suitors in an effort to first establishand then protecther independence. But Isabels pursuit of spiritual freedom collapses when she meets the