人教版英語(yǔ)八年級(jí)上冊(cè)第一單元短語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)

人教版英語(yǔ)八年級(jí)上冊(cè)第一單元短語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法學(xué)問(wèn)點(diǎn)總結(jié)人教版英語(yǔ)八年級(jí)上冊(cè)第一單元短語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法學(xué)問(wèn)點(diǎn)總結(jié)Unit1Wheredidyougoonvacation?①?gòu)?fù)習(xí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)②復(fù)合不定代詞的用法③反身代詞的用法④系動(dòng)詞的用法⑤動(dòng)詞后的tododoing的區(qū)分一、詞組、短語(yǔ)：、goonvacation02、stayathome呆在家，03、gotothemountains上山/進(jìn)山，04、gotothebeach05、visitmuseums參觀博物館，06、gotosummercamp07、quiteafew08、studyfor

⑥ed形容詞和ing⑦本單元中的主謂全都現(xiàn)象⑧動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式的構(gòu)成及不規(guī)章動(dòng)詞表⑨用同義短語(yǔ)轉(zhuǎn)換同義句時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式全都性的培育。⑩感慨句的構(gòu)造和連詞的選擇09、goout10、mostofthetime大局部時(shí)間/絕大多數(shù)時(shí)間，11、tastegood嘗起來(lái)味道好，12、haveagoodtime13、ofcourse……/想要,15、goshopping16、inthepast17、walkaround18toomany〔可數(shù)名詞前面19、becauseof由于，20、onebowlof一碗……,21、findout/

22、goon23、takephotos照相，24somethingimportant25、upanddown26、comeup二、重要句子〔語(yǔ)法〕：Wheredidyougoonvacation?你到哪里去度假了？IwenttoNewYorkCity.我去了紐約城Didyougooutwithanyone?你出去帶人嗎？No,Noonewashere.Everyonewasonvacation.不，沒有人在這兒。大家度去度假了。Didyoubuyanythingspecial?你買了什么特別的東西嗎？Yes,Iboughtsomethingformyfather.對(duì)，我給父親買了一些東西。Howwasthefood?食物怎么樣？ Everythingtastedreallygood.每一樣?xùn)|西真的都好吃。Dideveryonehaveagoodtime?大家玩的快活嗎？Oh,yes.Everythingwasexcellent.對(duì)，一切都很精彩。三、習(xí)慣用法、搭配buysth.forab./buysb.sth.為某人買某物taste+adj.事nothing….but+V.(原形)除了……之外什么都沒有

stopdoingsth.look+adjdislikedoingsth.Whynotdosth.為什么不做…….seem+(tobe)+adj看起來(lái)arrivein/arriveat+小地方到達(dá)某地decidetodosth.trydoingsth./trytodosth.enjoydoingsth.wanttodosth.10.startdoingsth.四、詞語(yǔ)辨析：

呢？so+adj+that+從句 此……以至于……tellsb.(not)todosth.某人〔不要〕keepdoingsth. 連續(xù)做某事forgettodosth.遺忘去做某事/forgetdoingsth遺忘做過(guò)某事1.Wheredidyougoonvacation?你去哪里度假了？〔P1〕這是有疑問(wèn)副詞wherewhere首。a. doyou ?你從哪里來(lái)？ b. doeshe ?他住在哪里？goonvacationIwant inHainanthiswinter.今年冬天我想去海南度假。2.visitedmyuncle探望了我的叔叔〔P1〕visitvisita.Ivisitedmygrandmotherlastweek.上周我去 了我的外婆。b.DoyouwanttovisitShanghai? 你想 上海嗎？拓展：visitoreg:ThesevisitorscomefromAmerica. buyanythingspecial買特別的東西?！睵2〕1〕buy及物動(dòng)詞，意為“買；購(gòu)置”。其過(guò)去式為 。拓展：buysth.forsb.=buysb.sth.意為“給某人買某物”。Myuncle abike.=Myuncle forme.anything不定代詞，意為“某事；某件東西”，主要用于疑問(wèn)句或否認(rèn)句中。a.Doyouwantanythingfromme? b.Ican’tsayanythingaboutit.anthingspecial表示“特別的東西”，形容詞修飾不定代詞時(shí)后置。Isthere inthisbook?這本書里有的內(nèi)容嗎？Oh,didyougoanywhereinteresting?哦，你去好玩的地方了嗎？〔P2〕1〕本句是did開頭的一般疑問(wèn)句 方”。eg：Didyougoanywhereduringthesummervacation？辨析：anywheresomewhereanywhereeg:Ican’tfinditanywhere.somewhereeg:Ilostmykeysomewherenearhere.Wetookquiteafewphotosthere.我們?cè)谀抢锱牧瞬簧僬掌??！睵2〕takephotos意為“照相；拍照”。eg:We ontheGreatWall.我們?cè)陂L(zhǎng)城上照了相。辨析：quiteafewquitealittlequiteafew意為“很多;不少”，修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)；quitealittlea.Hestaysherefor days.b.Thereis waterinthebottle(瓶子).Ijuststayedathomemostofthetimetoreadandrelax.〔P2〕mostofthetimemostmostof…意為“……中的大多數(shù)”，它作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞取決于mostof所修飾的名詞。Mostofus (be)goingtothepark.Mostofthefood (go)bad.7.Everythingtastedreallygood!全部的東西嘗起來(lái)真的很好吃！〔P3〕tastea.Thefoodtastesreallygreat.食物嘗起來(lái)棒極了。Dideveryonehaveagoodtime?大家都玩得很快活嗎？〔P3〕haveagoodtime=enjoyoneself=havefun〔+doing〕eg:WehadagoodtimevisitingthetheGreatWall.=WeenjoyedourselvesvisitingthetheGreatWall.=WehadfunvisitingthetheGreatWall.Howdidyoulikeit?你覺得它怎么樣？〔P3〕Howdo/didyoulike……?意為“你覺得……怎么樣？”，用來(lái)詢問(wèn)對(duì)方的觀點(diǎn)或看法，相當(dāng)于Whatdoyouthinkof……?eg:Howdoyoulikeyournewjob?=

yournewjob?Didyougoshopping?你們?nèi)ベ?gòu)物了嗎？〔P3〕goshoppingdosomeshopping.eg:IusuallygoshoppingonSundays.我通常星期天去購(gòu)物。拓展：“go+doing”形式表示“去做某事”，常用于表達(dá)從事某一體育活動(dòng)或休閑活動(dòng)。goskating去滑冰 gohiking去 gosightseeing去觀光gofishing去釣魚 goswimming去游泳 goboating去劃船11.Iwenttoafriend’sfarminthecountrysidewithmyfamily.我和家人一起去了鄉(xiāng)下一個(gè)朋友的農(nóng)場(chǎng)?！睵3〕afriend’sfarm一般狀況下，表示“有生命的人或物”的名詞后面加’s，表示所屬關(guān)系。eg:TheredbikeisAlice’s.那輛紅色的自行車是愛麗斯的。拓展：名詞全部格的構(gòu)成：?jiǎn)螖?shù)名詞詞尾加’s，復(fù)數(shù)名詞詞尾沒有s,也要加’sthegirl‘spen女孩的鋼筆 women’sshoes女鞋 Children’sDay復(fù)數(shù)名詞以sthestudents’readingroom學(xué)生閱覽室 Teachers’Day教師節(jié)3假設(shè)兩個(gè)名詞并列并且分別有’s則表示“分別有”只后一個(gè)名詞有一個(gè)則表示“共有”：John’sandKate’srooms.約翰和凱特〔各自〕的房間。LilyandLucy’sfather. 莉莉和露西的爸爸〔同一個(gè)爸爸〕。4〕表示無(wú)生命的名詞一般以...of...構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)，表示全部關(guān)系。amapofChina一幅中國(guó)地圖 thenameofthestory那個(gè)故事的名字12.Stillnooneseemedtobebored.〔P3〕1〕seemeg：Everythingseemseasy.一切好似很簡(jiǎn)潔。拓展a.seem+adj.“看起來(lái)……”。 Youseemhappytoday.你今日看起來(lái)很快活。b.seem+todosth.“好似，好似做某事”。 Iseemtohaveacold.我好似感冒了。c.Itseems/seemedItseemsthatnoonebelievesyou.看起來(lái)好似沒有人信任你。2〕辨析：boredboringboredboring意為“無(wú)聊的；令人厭煩的”，一般在句中修飾事或物。eg：a.I’m withwhathesaid.我對(duì)他說(shuō)的話厭煩極了。b.Ifindthestoryvery .我覺察這個(gè)故事太無(wú)聊了?！捕砈ectionBWhatactivitiesdoyoufindenjoyable?你覺察什么活動(dòng)讓人歡快？〔P5〕1〕activitiesactivityStudentslikeoutdooractivities. 2〕enjoyableI’msurewewillhaveanenjoyablevacation.我確信我們將會(huì)有一個(gè)開心的假期。IarrivedinPenanginMalaysiathismorningwithmyfamily.我和家人到達(dá)了馬來(lái)西亞的檳城?！睵5arrivearrivein市等；arriveat較小的地方，如機(jī)場(chǎng)、商店、廣場(chǎng)、村莊等。〔注：地點(diǎn)副詞home，here，there介詞省略〕辨析：①arrivein+大地點(diǎn)/arriveat+小地點(diǎn) ②getto+地點(diǎn) ③reach+地點(diǎn)eg：I (到達(dá))schoolat8：00o’clockyesterday.…sowedecidedtogotothebeachnearourhotel…因此我們打算到旅館四周的海灘上去?！睵5〕decidetodosth.意為“打算做某事”。eg:They 他們打算去參觀博物館。when (leave)他不能打算何時(shí)動(dòng)身。MysisterandItriedparagliding.姐姐和我嘗試了滑翔傘運(yùn)動(dòng)?！睵5〕try努力”Sheistryingmybicycle.她正在試騎我的自行車。try“haveatry”Iwanttohaveatry.我想試一試。辨析：trydoingsth./trytodosth.trydoingsth.嘗試做某事，表示一種嘗試、做做看的想法，不肯定付出很多努力。trytodosth.盡力、設(shè)法去做某事，表示想盡一切方法要把事情辦成，強(qiáng)調(diào)付出努力設(shè)法去完成。I

him,butnooneanswered.人接聽。I’m

Englishwell.IfeltlikeIwasabird.Itwassoexciting!我感覺自己就像一只小鳥。太刺激了！〔P5〕feellikeeg:Hefeelslikeheisswimming.拓展：feellike還可意為“想要……”，其后可接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞。即：feellikesth.想要某物 feellikedoingsth.想要做某事eg：Doyoufeellikeacupofteanow?Doyoufeellike

(take)awalkintheparkwithme?閑逛嗎？辨析：excitingexcitedexcitingexcited 意為“感到興奮的，感動(dòng)的”，一般修飾某人。Eg：a.Thestoryis (exciting,excited).b.Hetoldmethe (exciting,excited)news.c.Sarahwas (exciting,excited)toseethesinger.Therearealotofnewbuildingsnow…現(xiàn)在有很多的建筑物……〔P5〕building可數(shù)名詞,意為“建筑物；樓房”。build動(dòng)詞，“建筑，建筑”〔built，built〕，Theworkersbuiltmanytallbuildingsinourschoollastyear.Iwonderwhatlifewaslikehereinthepast.是什么樣的?！睵5〕wonderwho,what,why詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。Eg：1.Iwonder 我想知道那個(gè)男孩是誰(shuí)。A.theboyiswho whotheboyis2.Iwonderwhattheyweredoinghere.我想知道他去哪里了。enjoyedwalkingaroundthetown.我真的很寵愛在鎮(zhèn)上處處走走?！睵5〕1〕enjoy動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。Doyouenjoyyourjob?Ienjoyreadingbooks.(enjoydoingsth.寵愛做某事)enjoyoneself=haveagoodtimehave玩得快活〔+doingsth.〕2〕walkaroundHe’sjustwalkingaroundthevillage.他只是在村莊里任憑走走。Whatadifferenceadaymakes!〔P5〕同的；有差異的”。Eg:a.Whatisthedifferencebetweenthisbookandthatbook?b.Myschoolbagisdifferentfromyours. bedifferentfrom意為“與……不同”)Wewantedtowalkuptothetop,butthenitstartedrainingalittlesowedecidedtotakethetrain.〔P5〕wanttodosth.startdoingsth.starttodosth.Eg:TomstartedlearningEnglishlastyear.3〕alittle意為“一點(diǎn)兒”，在句中修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞或副詞。也可以修飾不行數(shù)名詞。Eg:a.Icandrawalittle,butonlyasahobby.b.It’salittlecoldoutside. c.HecanspeakalittleEnglish. takethetraintakeWewaitedoveranhourforthetrainbecausethereweretoomanypeople.由于人太多，所以我們等了一個(gè)多小時(shí)的火車?！睵5〕waitforTomwaswaitingforabusoverthere.overmorethan。Eg:Myfatherisover40yearsold.Thereareovereighthundredstudentsinourschool.3)toomanyHealwayshastoomanyquestionstoaskme.辨析：toomany+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù) 意為“太多...”toomuch+不行數(shù)名詞 意為“太多...”muchtoo+形容詞 意為“太...”eg：Ihave homeworktodotoday.Andbecauseofthebadweather,wecouldn’tseeanythingbelow.而且由于壞天氣，我們也沒能看到下面的任何風(fēng)光〔P5〕辨析：becauseofbecausebecauseofHelosthisjobbecauseofhisage.becauseIdidn’tbuytheshirtbecauseitwastooexpensive.Myfatherdidn’tbringenoughmoney…〔P5〕1〕辨析：bringtakebringtake2〕enough用來(lái)修飾形容詞或副詞，一般置于被修飾詞之后。用來(lái)修飾名詞時(shí)可放在形容詞前面或后面。Eg：a.Wehaveenoughtimetodoourhomework.b.Theboxisbigenough.…becauseweforgottobringanumbrella…由于我們忘了帶雨傘?！睵6〕辨析：forgettodosth.與forgetdoingsth.forgettodosth.意為“遺忘要做某〔事情還沒做” eg:Don’ttoclosethewindow.forgetdoingsth.意為“遺忘做過(guò)某事〔事情已經(jīng)做過(guò)了〕”eg:Iforgetclosingthewindow.Aboutonehourlater,westoppedanddranksometea.們停下來(lái)喝了些茶?！睵6〕onehourlater一小時(shí)后；一小時(shí)前 stop動(dòng)詞，意為“停頓；中斷”，過(guò)去式 ，現(xiàn)在分詞 ；drinkDidyoudislikeanything?〔P7〕dislikeEg：a.Mary

thehamburgers.b.I

computer我不寵愛玩電腦玩耍。Whynot? 為什么不帶呀？〔P8〕whynot動(dòng)詞原形。注“Whynot+動(dòng)詞原形?”相當(dāng)于“Whydon’tyou+動(dòng)詞原形?”Whynotgotothepartywithme?=Whydon’tyougotothepartywithme?為什么不和我一起去參與聚會(huì)呢？

takeawalk?=

takeawalk?為什么不去閑逛呢？Everyoneinourclasstookabagwithsomefoodandwater.每一個(gè)人都隨身帶了裝有食物和水的提袋?！睵8〕withwithsomefoodandwater作bag的后置定語(yǔ)。拓展：with“和……一起’ Ioftengotoschool

myfriend.我經(jīng)常和朋友們一起去上學(xué)。以〔手段、材料〕，用〔工具〕， Cuttheapplewithaknife.用刀切蘋果。MylegsweresotiredthatIwantedtostop.我的雙腿太累了以至于我都想停下來(lái)。〔P8〕so…that…/such…that…〔如此…以致〕引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句so+adj./adv.+that…Eg：1.Heis lovelyaboy welovehimverymuch.2.Thelittleboyissoyoungthathecan’tgotoschool.20.常用的感慨句的構(gòu)造：1〕What+adj.+/不行數(shù)名詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)！2〕What+a/an+adj.+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)！3〕How+adj.+a/an+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)！4〕How+adj./adv.+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)！eg:1.Whataninterestingbookitis!=Howinterestingabookis!那本書多么好玩??！ aclevergirlsheis! A.Who B.WhatC.How D.Where cleveragirlsheis! A.Who B.What C.HowD.Where4. importantjobstheyhavedone! A.What B.WhoC.HowD.Where5. sweetwateritis! A.Who B.WhatC.WhereD.How6. interestingthedogis! A.Who B.WhatC.Where