2022年考研考博-考博英語(yǔ)-鄭州大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）試卷號(hào)51

住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語(yǔ)-鄭州大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）（圖片可根據(jù)實(shí)際調(diào)整大?。╊}型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.翻譯題

Directions:TranslatethefollowingpartintoEnglish.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.

我們要樹(shù)立必勝信念、繼續(xù)埋頭苦干，貫徹創(chuàng)新、協(xié)調(diào)、綠色、開(kāi)放、共享的發(fā)展理念，著力推進(jìn)結(jié)構(gòu)性改革，著力推進(jìn)改革開(kāi)放，著力促進(jìn)社會(huì)公平正義，著力營(yíng)造政治上的綠水青山，為全面建成小康社會(huì)決勝階段開(kāi)好局、起好步。

【答案】Weshouldremainfirminourconvictiontosucceed,continuetoworkhardandimplementthevisionofachievinginnovative,coordinated,green,openandshareddevelopment.Wewillendeavortocarryoutstructuralreform,acceleratereformandopening-up,promotesocialequityandjustice,andcreateasoundpoliticalenvironment.Doingsowillenableustogetofftoagoodstartinoureffortstofinishbuildingamoderatelyprosperoussocietyinallrespectsinthisdecisivestage.

2.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingpartintoEnglish.

西藏在中國(guó)的西南部。居住在這里的藏族先民，遠(yuǎn)在公元前就與生活在中原的漢族有聯(lián)系。到了唐朝(公元618-907年)，藏漢雙方通過(guò)王室間的聯(lián)姻、會(huì)盟，在政治上形成了團(tuán)結(jié)友好的親誼關(guān)系，在經(jīng)濟(jì)和文化上建立了密切的聯(lián)系，為最終建立統(tǒng)一的國(guó)家奠定了深厚的基礎(chǔ)。十三世紀(jì)中葉，西藏正式歸入中國(guó)元朝版圖。自此以后，盡管中國(guó)經(jīng)歷了幾代王朝的興替，但西藏一直處于中央政權(quán)的管轄之下。

【答案】TibetislocatedinSouthwestChina.ThepeoplewholivedtherestruckuplinkswiththeHanintheCentralPlainslongbeforetheChristianera.BytheTangDynasty(AD618-907),theTibetansandHanshas,throughmarriagesbetweenroyalfamiliesandotheralliances,cementedunityandpoliticalfriendshipandformedcloseeconomicandculturalrelations.Thiscreatedasolidfoundationfortheultimatefoundingofaunifiednation.Inthemid-13thcentury,TibetwasofficiallyincorporatedintotheterritoryofChina’sYuanDynasty.Sincethen,althoughChinaexperiencedseveraldynasticchanges,TibethasremainedunderthejurisdictionofthecentralgovernmentofChina.

3.單選題

Mariowasawardedthemedalfordisplayingprofessional（）ofthehighestorderintherescueattemptstwoweeksago.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.supervision

B.intelligence

C.solution

D.competence

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。supervision“監(jiān)督”；intelligence“智力；才智”solution“解決辦法”；competence“能力，勝任”。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞professional“專(zhuān)業(yè)的”及rescueattempts“救援努力”可推斷此處講的是“專(zhuān)業(yè)能力”，因此選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

4.單選題

Inthatcountry,apersonwhomarriesbeforelegalagemusthaveaparent’ssanctiontoobtainalicense.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.warrant

B.approval

C.malignance

D.affirmation

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)warrant“根據(jù)；證明；正當(dāng)理由；委任狀”；B選項(xiàng)approval“批準(zhǔn)；認(rèn)可；贊成”；C選項(xiàng)malignance“惡意，惡性”；D選項(xiàng)affirmation“主張，肯定；斷言”。句意：在那個(gè)國(guó)家，未到法定年齡結(jié)婚的人必須得到父母的批準(zhǔn)才能獲得結(jié)婚證。本句關(guān)鍵詞sanction表示“制裁，處罰；認(rèn)可；支持”，可和approval做同義替換；因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

5.單選題

Thesenaturalresourceswillbedepletedsoonerorlaterifthepresentrateofexploitationgoeson.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.minimized

B.deployed

C.inclined

D.mingled

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)minimized“使減到最少；小看，極度輕視；最小化”；B選項(xiàng)deployed“配置；展開(kāi)；使疏開(kāi)；部署”；C選項(xiàng)inclined“使……傾向”；D選項(xiàng)mingled“（使）相混，融合；摻和；（在社交場(chǎng)合）相交往，應(yīng)酬”。句意：如果按目前的開(kāi)采速度繼續(xù)下去，這些自然資源遲早會(huì)枯竭。本句關(guān)鍵詞bedepleted表示“被耗盡”，beminimized可以做同義替換，表示被最小化，被減到最少；因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

6.單選題

Theladywhohas（）foranightinthedeadofthewinterlaterturnedouttobeadistantrelationofhis.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.puthimin

B.puthimout

C.puthimon

D.puthimup

【答案】D

【解析】考查短語(yǔ)搭配。putsb.in，一般不單獨(dú)使用;putsb.out“使某人不高興”；putsb.on,一般不單獨(dú)使用；putsb.up“給某人提供食宿”。根據(jù)空格處后面的foranight可知只有選項(xiàng)D符合題意，“給他提供食宿的女士”。

7.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

Therearetwofactorswhichdetermineanindividual’sintelligence.Thefirstisthesortofbrainheisbornwith.Humanbrainsdifferconsiderably,somebeingmorecapablethanothers.Butnomatterhowgoodabrainhehastobeginwith,anindividualwillhavealoworderofintelligenceunlesshehasopportunitiestolearn.Sothesecondfactoriswhathappenstotheindividual-thesortofenvironmentinwhichheisreared.Ifanindividualishandicappedenvironmentally,itislikelythathisbrainwillfailtodevelopandhewillneverattainthelevelofintelligenceofwhichheiscapable.

Theimportanceofenvironmentindetermininganindividual’sintelligencecanbedemonstratedbythecasehistoryoftheidenticaltwins,PeterandMarkX.Beingidentical,thetwinshadidenticalbrainsatbirth,andtheirgrowthprocesseswerethesame.Whenthetwinswerethreemonthsold,theirparentsdied,andtheywereplacedinseparatefosterhomes.Peterwasrearedbyparentsoflowintelligenceinanisolatedcommunitywithpooreducationalopportunities.Markwasrearedinthehomeofwell-to-doparentswhohadbeentocollege.Hewasreadtoasachild,senttogoodschools,andgiveneveryopportunitytobestimulatedintellectually.Thisenvironmentaldifferencecontinueduntilthetwinswereintheirlateteens,whentheyweregiventeststomeasuretheirintelligence.Mark’sI.Q.was125,twenty-fivepointshigherthantheaverageandfullyfortypointshigherthanhisidenticalbrother.Givenequalopportunities,thetwins,havingidenticalbrains,wouldhavetestedatroughlythesamelevel.

1.Thisselectioncanbestbetitled（）.

2.Thebeststatementofthemainideaofthispassageisthat（）.

3.Accordingtothepassage,theaverageI.Q.is（）.

4.Thecasehistoryofthetwinsappearstosupporttheconclusionthat（）.

5.Thispassagesuggeststhatanindividual’sI.Q.（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.MeasuringYourIntelligence

B.IntelligenceandEnvironment

C.TheCaseofPeterandMark

D.HowtheBrainInfluencesIntelligence

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.humanbrainsdifferconsiderably

B.thebrainapersonisbornwithisimportantindetermininghisintelligence

C.environmentisvitaltodetermineaperson’sintelligence

D.personshavingidenticalbrainswillhaveroughlythesameintelligence

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.85

B.100

C.110

D.125

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.individualwithidenticalbrainsseldomtestatsamelevel

B.anindividual’sintelligenceisdeterminedonlybyhisenvironment

C.lackofopportunityblocksthegrowthofintelligence

D.changesofenvironmentproducechangesinthestructureofthebrain

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.canbepredictedatbirth

B.staysthesamethroughouthislife

C.canbeincreasedbyeducation

D.isdeterminedbyhischildhood

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:C

【解析】第1題:推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段Therearetwofactorswhichdetermineanindividual’sintelligence.Thefirstisthesortofbrainheisbornwith...Sothesecondfactoriswhathappenstotheindividual-thesortofenvironmentinwhichheisreared（有兩個(gè)因素決定一個(gè)人的智力。首先是他與生俱來(lái)的大腦……所以第二個(gè)因素是個(gè)體發(fā)生了什么——他成長(zhǎng)的環(huán)境）可知B選項(xiàng)“智力與環(huán)境”最符合題意；A選項(xiàng)“衡量你的智力”，C選項(xiàng)“彼得和馬克的案例”以及D選項(xiàng)“大腦如何影響智力”都是文章內(nèi)容中的一部分，沒(méi)有概括全文；因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

第2題:推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段Butnomatterhowgoodabrainhehastobeginwith,anindividualwillhavealoworderofintelligenceunlesshehasopportunitiestolearn.Sothesecondfactoriswhathappenstotheindividual-thesortofenvironmentinwhichheisreared.Ifanindividualishandicappedenvironmentally,itislikelythathisbrainwillfailtodevelopandhewillneverattainthelevelofintelligenceofwhichheiscapable（但是，無(wú)論一個(gè)人的大腦有多好，如果沒(méi)有學(xué)習(xí)的機(jī)會(huì)，他的智力水平也會(huì)很低。所以第二個(gè)因素是個(gè)體發(fā)生了什么——他成長(zhǎng)的環(huán)境。如果一個(gè)人在環(huán)境上有缺陷，他的大腦很可能無(wú)法發(fā)展，他將永遠(yuǎn)無(wú)法達(dá)到他所能達(dá)到的智力水平）以及第二段Theimportanceofenvironmentindetermininganindividual’sintelligencecanbedemonstratedbythecasehistoryoftheidenticaltwins,PeterandMarkX（環(huán)境在決定個(gè)人智力方面的重要性，可以從同卵雙胞胎彼得x和馬克x的歷史中得到證明）可以得知C選項(xiàng)“環(huán)境對(duì)決定一個(gè)人的智力至關(guān)重要”符合題意；A選項(xiàng)“人類(lèi)的大腦有很大的不同”和D選項(xiàng)“擁有相同大腦的人會(huì)有大致相同的智力”未在文章內(nèi)提及；雖然文章內(nèi)提到Therearetwofactorswhichdetermineanindividual’sintelligence.Thefirstisthesortofbrainheisbornwith（有兩個(gè)因素決定一個(gè)人的智力。首先是他與生俱來(lái)的大腦）但是并沒(méi)有表達(dá)出B選項(xiàng)“一個(gè)人天生的大腦在決定他的智力方面很重要”的含義，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

第3題:事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段倒數(shù)第二句Mark’sI.Q.was125,twenty-fivepointshigherthantheaverageandfullyfortypointshigherthanhisidenticalbrother（馬克的智商是125，比平均水平高出25分，比他同父異父的哥哥整整高出40分），可知平均水平為100；因此B選項(xiàng)“100”符合題意。

第4題:推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第二句Beingidentical,thetwinshadidenticalbrainsatbirth,andtheirgrowthprocesseswerethesame（由于同卵，這對(duì)雙胞胎在出生時(shí)就擁有相同的大腦，他們的成長(zhǎng)過(guò)程也相同）以及第二段Peterwasrearedbyparentsoflowintelligenceinanisolatedcommunitywithpooreducationalopportunities.Markwasrearedinthehomeofwell-to-doparentswhohadbeentocollege.Hewasreadtoasachild,senttogoodschools,andgiveneveryopportunitytobestimulatedintellectually.Thisenvironmentaldifferencecontinueduntilthetwinswereintheirlateteens,whentheyweregiventeststomeasuretheirintelligence.Mark’sI.Q.was125,twenty-fivepointshigherthantheaverageandfullyfortypointshigherthanhisidenticalbrother（得是在一個(gè)受教育機(jī)會(huì)很少的與世隔絕的社區(qū)里，由智力低下的父母撫養(yǎng)長(zhǎng)大的。馬克是在上過(guò)大學(xué)的富裕家庭長(zhǎng)大的。他還是個(gè)孩子的時(shí)候，就有人給他讀故事，送他去好學(xué)校，給他一切機(jī)會(huì)去激發(fā)他的智力。這種環(huán)境差異一直持續(xù)到雙胞胎十幾歲時(shí)，當(dāng)他們接受智力測(cè)試時(shí)。馬克的智商是125，比平均水平高出25分，比他同父異父的哥哥整整高出40分）可以得知C選項(xiàng)“缺乏機(jī)會(huì)阻礙了智力的成長(zhǎng)”符合題意；A選項(xiàng)“具有相同大腦的個(gè)體很少接受相同水平的測(cè)試”和D選項(xiàng)“環(huán)境的變化產(chǎn)生大腦結(jié)構(gòu)的變化”未在文章內(nèi)提及；根據(jù)第一段第一句Therearetwofactorswhichdetermineanindividual’sintelligence.Thefirstisthesortofbrainheisbornwith（有兩個(gè)因素決定一個(gè)人的智力。首先是他與生俱來(lái)的大腦）可知B選項(xiàng)“一個(gè)人的智力只取決于他所處的環(huán)境”錯(cuò)誤，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

第5題:推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段第三句Butnomatterhowgoodabrainhehastobeginwith,anindividualwillhavealoworderofintelligenceunlesshehasopportunitiestolearn（但是，無(wú)論一個(gè)人的大腦有多好，如果沒(méi)有學(xué)習(xí)的機(jī)會(huì)，他的智力水平也會(huì)很低。）可以得知C選項(xiàng)“可以通過(guò)教育增加”正確；A選項(xiàng)“在出生時(shí)就可以預(yù)測(cè)”和B選項(xiàng)“在他的一生中保持不變”未在文章內(nèi)提及；根據(jù)第二段所描述的雙胞胎的例子可知D選項(xiàng)“是由他的童年決定的”錯(cuò)誤，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

8.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingpartintoEnglish.

建設(shè)生態(tài)文明，是關(guān)系人民福祉、關(guān)于民族未來(lái)的長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)大計(jì)。面對(duì)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)退化的嚴(yán)峻形勢(shì)，我們必須樹(shù)立尊重自然、保護(hù)自然的生態(tài)文明理念，把生態(tài)文明建設(shè)放在突出地位，融入經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)、文化建設(shè)、社會(huì)建設(shè)各個(gè)方面和全過(guò)程，努力建設(shè)美麗中國(guó)，實(shí)現(xiàn)中華民族的永續(xù)發(fā)展。

【答案】Promotingecologicalprogressisalong-termtaskofvitalimportancetothepeople’swellbeingandChina’sfuture.Facedwithadeterioratingecosystem,wemustraiseourecologicalawarenessoftheneedtorespectandprotectnature.Wemustgivehighprioritytomakingecologicalprogressandincorporateitintoallaspectsandthewholeprocessofadvancingeconomic,cultural,andsocialprogress,workhardtobuildabeautifulcountry,andachievelastingandsustainabledevelopmentoftheChinesenation.

9.單選題

Thedesignofthegymnasiumshowsagreatdealof（）.Wehaveneverseenabuildingofsuchatypebefore.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.invention

B.fascination

C.solidarity

D.originality

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。invention“發(fā)明，發(fā)明物”；fascination“魅力，魔力”；solidarity“團(tuán)結(jié)”；originality“創(chuàng)意，獨(dú)創(chuàng)性”。根據(jù)后面提到的內(nèi)容“我們從來(lái)沒(méi)有見(jiàn)過(guò)這類(lèi)型的建筑”可知該建筑的設(shè)計(jì)是非常富有創(chuàng)意的，因此選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

10.單選題

Thewalkersinfrontcrossedtheledgeeasily,seemingly（）ofthefactthattherewasa3000-footdroponeitherside.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.pretentious

B.remindful

C.attentive

D.oblivious

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。pretentious“炫耀的，做作的”;remindful“提醒的，留意的”；attentive“注意的，體貼的”；oblivious“遺忘的；不注意的”。前半句的句意是：前面的人輕松地跨過(guò)了巖架，與后文“巖架兩側(cè)深達(dá)3000英尺”形成對(duì)比，可推測(cè)空格處是要表達(dá)“好像沒(méi)有注意到……”，選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

11.單選題

Fundamentally,incomedisparitydescribestwodisparategroups:richandpoor.Itishardlynewsthatthericharegettingricher.Theunderlyingstoryisafamiliarone:thewealthiesthouseholdsownthemostassets,namelystocks,andassetpriceshaverisenataferociouspaceinrecentyears.Beyondthestandardexplanation,itisalsothecasethattheemergenceoftechnology,risingproductivity,andanexpandingglobalmarkethavebroughtforthanewupperclassamongcorporations.Thesenewlywealthyfirmspayskilledemployeeswellandinanever-tighterlabormarket,theyareforcedtoconstantlysweetentheiremployees’compensation.

Thentherearethepoor,whereconditionsarealittlemurky.Fallingunemployment,anecdotalevidenceofrisingstartingwagesforlow-levelservicejobs,andtherelativenon-eventofwelfarereformsofarsuggestthatconditionsatthelowendareimproving.Yetatthesametime,wholecommunitiesundersiegebycrimeandhopelessnesscannotbeignored.

Thatsaid,incomeinequalityasablanketindictmentonoureconomicsystemdoesnotfly.Incomedisparityisthegasthatrunsoureconomicengine.Theabilitytosomedayearnmore,toliveatahigherstandard,iswhatgetspeopleoutofbedinthemorning,particularlyinourconsumer-orientedeconomy.Incomedisparityonlybecomesaproblemifitwidenstotheextentthatthelaborforcebelievesthatgreaterwealthcanonlybeachievedbythealreadywealthy.

Indeed,itisunreasonabletostatethatincomedisparityiserodingthelaborforce’swilltoimproveproductivityandmoveahead.Increasinglaborforceparticipation,recordhomeownership,surgingconsumerconfidenceandspending,near-recordlevelsofimmigration,andurbanrenewalareallanecdotalevidencethathopesarehigh.AlltypesofpeopleareflourishingintheNewEconomyandthereissufficientevidencetosuggestthatmoststillwanttheirshotatthebrassring.

Sowhyaretherestillverypoorhouseholdsinthiscountry?Therearemanyreasons.Oureconomyisshiftingtowardstheproductionofhighervaluegoodsandservices.Unskilledlaborisnotvaluedtothedegreethatitoncewas,andunskilledworkersarepaidaccordingly.TherehasalsobeenarecentsurgeofimmigrationintotheU.S.Manymigrantstothiscountry,particularlythosewhoareunskilledorlanguagechallenged,requiretimetobeabsorbedintooureconomy.Ifskillsarelacking,itmaytakeagenerationortwotomoveahead.

Itisalsoimportanttorememberthatitisnottheultimategoalofeverypersontobefabulouslyrich.Oneofthefundamentalsofeconomicsisthatonedecideshowhardtowork,wheretowork,andwhatriskstotake.Monetarywealthisnotthesolemeansofmaximizingutility.Eachpersonhasafinitelifespanandfiniteabilities;itisuptotheindividualtoapplythoseastheyseefit.Thewealthygettingwealthierisnotalwaysevidencetoothersthattheythemselvesarefallingbehind.

1.Intheauthor’scountry,（）maybenefitfromthedevelopmentofitseconomy.

2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?

3.Theauthorbelievesthatincomedisparitywill（）.

4.Themainideapresentedinthelastparagraphisthat（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.thewealthyratherthanthepoor

B.alltheimmigrants

C.onlyskilledemployees

D.allthepeople

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Everypersonwantstobecomerich.

B.Unskilledpeopletendtobepoor.

C.Mostimmigrantsareverypoor.

D.Thewealthyisgettingwealthier

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.begraduallynarrowed

B.disappearsoonerorlater

C.persistaseverbefore

D.bemoreandmorewidened

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.noteverypersoniswillingtobecomeaswealthyaspossible

B.whatapersonpursuesintheworldisnotmonetarywealth

C.eachindividualknowsexactlywhathisultimategoalis

D.itisunderstandableforthewealthytogetwealthier

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:A

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問(wèn)的是“在作者的國(guó)家，哪類(lèi)人受益于經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展？”文章第四段最后一句話(huà)提到“所有人都在新經(jīng)濟(jì)中發(fā)展”(AlltypesofpeopleareflourishingintheNewEconomy)，因此選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問(wèn)的是“下列哪個(gè)表述是正確的？”文章第五段提到“非技術(shù)勞動(dòng)力的償付水平與以前不同了……”（Unskilledlaborisnotvaluedtothedegreethatitoncewas,andunskilledworkersarepaidaccordingly），選項(xiàng)B“非技術(shù)人員傾向貧窮”符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問(wèn)的是“作者認(rèn)為收入差距將……”。文章第三段第一句話(huà)提到“收入差距是驅(qū)動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)引擎的汽油”（Incomedisparityisthegasthatrunsoureconomicengine），因此它不可能消失，所以選項(xiàng)C“一直存在”符合題意。

4.主旨大意題。題目問(wèn)的是“最后一段的主要思想是什么？”文章最后一段第一句提到變得富有并不是每個(gè)人的最終目標(biāo)（Itisalsoimportanttorememberthatitisnottheultimategoalofeverypersontobefabulouslyrich），因此選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

12.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

Formanypeopletoday,readingisnolongerrelaxation.Tokeepuptheirworktheymustreadletters,reports,tradepublications,interofficecommunications,nottomentionnewspapersandmagazine:anever-endingfloodofwords.In（1）ajoboradvancinginone,theabilitytoreadandcomprehend（2）canmeanthedifferencebetweensuccessandfailure.Yettheunfortunatefactisthatmostofusare（3）readers.Mostofusdeveloppoorreading（4）atanearlyage,andnevergetoverthem.Themaindeficiency（5）intheactualstuffoflanguageitself—words.Takenindividually,wordshave（6）meaninguntiltheyarestrungtogetherintophrases,sentencesandparagraphs.（7）,however,theuntrainedreaderdoesnotreadgroupsofwords.Helaboriouslyreadsonewordatatime,oftenregressingto（8）wordsorpassages.Regression,thetendencytolookbackover（9）youhavejustread,isacommonbadhabitinreading.Anotherhabitwhich（10）downthespeedofreadingisvocalization—soundingeachwordeitherorallyormentallyas（11）reads.

Toovercomethesebadhabits,somereadingclinicsusedevicecalledan（12）,whichmovesabar(orcurtain)downthepageatapredeterminedspeed.Thebarissetataslightlyfasterrate（13）thereaderfindscomfortable,inorderto“stretch”him.Theacceleratorforcesthereadertoreadfast,（14）word-by-wordreading,regressionandsubvocalization,practicallyimpossible.Atfirst（15）issacrificedforspeed.Butwhenyoulearntoreadideasandconcepts,youwillnotonlyreadfaster,（16）yourcomprehensionwillimprove.Manypeoplehavefound（17）readingskilldrasticallyimprovedaftersometraining.（18）CharlesAu,abusinessmanager,forinstance,hisreadingwasareasonablygood172wordsaminute（19）thetraining,nowitisanexcellent1,378wordsaminute.Heisdelightedthathowhecan（20）alotmorereadingmaterialinashortperiodoftime.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.applying

B.doing

C.getting

D.offering

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.easily

B.quickly

C.roughly

D.decidedly

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.good

B.curious

C.urgent

D.poor

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.training

B.simulations

C.habits

D.custom

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.combines

B.lies

C.touches

D.involves

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.some

B.alot

C.dull

D.little

問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)

A.Unfortunately

B.Infact

C.Logically

D.Fortunately

問(wèn)題8選項(xiàng)

A.reuse

B.rewrite

C.reread

D.recite

問(wèn)題9選項(xiàng)

A.which

B.what

C.that

D.if

問(wèn)題10選項(xiàng)

A.scales

B.cuts

C.measures

D.slows

問(wèn)題11選項(xiàng)

A.someone

B.he

C.one

D.reader

問(wèn)題12選項(xiàng)

A.actor

B.accelerator

C.amplifier

D.observer

問(wèn)題13選項(xiàng)

A.then

B.as

C.than

D.beyond

問(wèn)題14選項(xiàng)

A.enabling

B.making

C.leading

D.indicating

問(wèn)題15選項(xiàng)

A.meaning

B.gist

C.comprehension

D.regression

問(wèn)題16選項(xiàng)

A.for

B.nor

C.or

D.but

問(wèn)題17選項(xiàng)

A.our

B.your

C.their

D.sucha

問(wèn)題18選項(xiàng)

A.Lookat

B.Take

C.Make

D.Consider

問(wèn)題19選項(xiàng)

A.for

B.in

C.after

D.before

問(wèn)題20選項(xiàng)

A.getthrough

B.goover

C.present

D.master

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:B

第6題:D

第7題:A

第8題:C

第9題:B

第10題:D

第11題:C

第12題:B

第13題:C

第14題:B

第15題:C

第16題:D

第17題:C

第18題:B

第19題:D

第20題:A

【解析】第1題:考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)applying“申請(qǐng)”；B選項(xiàng)doing“做”；C選項(xiàng)getting“得到”；D選項(xiàng)offering“提供”。句意：在得到一份工作或在一份工作中取得進(jìn)步時(shí)。因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

第2題:考查副詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)easily“輕松地”；B選項(xiàng)quickly“迅速地”；C選項(xiàng)roughly“粗糙地”；D選項(xiàng)decidedly“果斷地”。句意：快速閱讀和理解的能力意味著成功和失敗的區(qū)別。因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

第3題:考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)good“好的”；B選項(xiàng)curious“好奇的”；C選項(xiàng)urgent“急迫的”；D選項(xiàng)poor“差勁的”。句意：我們大多數(shù)人都不善于閱讀。因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

第4題:考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)training“訓(xùn)練”；B選項(xiàng)simulations“模擬”；C選項(xiàng)habits“習(xí)慣”；D選項(xiàng)custom“風(fēng)俗”。句意：我們大多數(shù)人在很小的時(shí)候就養(yǎng)成了不好的閱讀習(xí)慣。因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

第5題:考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)combines“結(jié)合”；B選項(xiàng)lies“在于”；C選項(xiàng)touches“觸及”；D選項(xiàng)involves“涉及”。句意：主要的缺陷在于語(yǔ)言本身的實(shí)質(zhì)。因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

第6題:考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)some“某些的”；B選項(xiàng)alot“許多的”；C選項(xiàng)dull“遲鈍的”；D選項(xiàng)little“很少的”。句意：?jiǎn)为?dú)來(lái)看，單詞在組成短語(yǔ)、句子和段落之前沒(méi)有什么意義。因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

第7題:考查副詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)Unfortunately“不幸地”；B選項(xiàng)Infact“事實(shí)上”；C選項(xiàng)Logically“合乎邏輯地”；D選項(xiàng)Fortunately“幸運(yùn)地”。句意：然而不幸的是，未經(jīng)訓(xùn)練的讀者不會(huì)閱讀一組單詞。因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

第8題:考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)reuse“再次使用”；B選項(xiàng)rewrite“重寫(xiě)”；C選項(xiàng)reread“重讀”；D選項(xiàng)recite“背誦”。句意：常常回頭再讀一些單詞或段落。因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

第9題:考查賓語(yǔ)從句。B選項(xiàng)“what”引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，whatyouhavejustread表示你剛剛讀過(guò)的東西；A選項(xiàng)which“哪一個(gè)”；C選項(xiàng)that“那個(gè)”，D選項(xiàng)“如果”。因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

第10題:考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)scales“衡量”；B選項(xiàng)cuts“削減”；C選項(xiàng)measures“測(cè)量”；D選項(xiàng)slows“減慢”。句意：另一個(gè)減慢閱讀速度的習(xí)慣是發(fā)聲。因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

第11題:考查代詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)someone“某人”；B選項(xiàng)he“他”；C選項(xiàng)one“一個(gè)人”；D選項(xiàng)reader“讀者”。句意：在一個(gè)人閱讀時(shí)。因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

第12題:考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)actor“演員”；B選項(xiàng)accelerator“加速器”；C選項(xiàng)amplifier“放大器”；D選項(xiàng)observer“觀(guān)察者”。句意：使用了加速閱讀的設(shè)備。因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

第13題:考查形容詞比較級(jí)。A選項(xiàng)then“那時(shí)”；B選項(xiàng)as“如同”；C選項(xiàng)than“比”；D選項(xiàng)beyond“超越”。句意：標(biāo)準(zhǔn)設(shè)定在比讀者覺(jué)得舒服的稍快一點(diǎn)的速度。前文的faster和than連用，表示比……更快。因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

第14題:考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)enabling“能夠”；B選項(xiàng)making“使得”；C選項(xiàng)leading“引導(dǎo)”；D選項(xiàng)indicating“表明”。句意：使得逐字閱讀、回過(guò)頭去讀和默讀變得幾乎不可能。因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

第15題:考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)meaning“意義”；B選項(xiàng)gist“要旨”；C選項(xiàng)comprehension“理解”；D選項(xiàng)regression“回歸”。句意：一開(kāi)始為了速度而犧牲了理解。因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

第16題:考查連詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)for“因?yàn)椤?；B選項(xiàng)nor“也不”；C選項(xiàng)or“或者”；D選項(xiàng)but“而是”。句意：你不僅會(huì)讀得更快，你的理解能力也會(huì)提高。前文的notonly和but連用，表示不僅……，而且……。因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

第17題:考查代詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)our“我們的”；B選項(xiàng)your“你的”；C選項(xiàng)their“他們的”；D選項(xiàng)sucha“這樣的”。句意：許多人發(fā)現(xiàn)，經(jīng)過(guò)一些訓(xùn)練后他們的閱讀技能有了很大的提高。their指代前文的manypeople。因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

第18題:考查固定搭配。A選項(xiàng)Lookat“看”；B選項(xiàng)Take“拿”；C選項(xiàng)Make“做”；D選項(xiàng)Consider“考慮”。句意：以業(yè)務(wù)經(jīng)理查爾斯?歐為例。takesth.forinstance是固定搭配，表示以……為例。因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

第19題:考查介詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)for“為了”；B選項(xiàng)in“在……里面”；C選項(xiàng)after“在……之后”；D選項(xiàng)before“在……之前”。句意：他在培訓(xùn)前的閱讀能力相當(dāng)不錯(cuò)。因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

第20題:考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)getthrough“做完”；B選項(xiàng)goover“重溫”；C選項(xiàng)present“展現(xiàn)”；D選項(xiàng)master“掌握”。句意：他很高興自己能在短時(shí)間內(nèi)讀完更多的閱讀材料。因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

13.單選題

WhendoingbusinesswithanArab,youhavetoendurehoursofsmalltalk,waitingforthetopicofcommercetobebroached.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.broken

B.raised

C.solved

D.concluded

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)broken“折斷；打碎；損壞”；B選項(xiàng)raised“提高，舉起；使（面包）發(fā)酵；撫育，撫養(yǎng)”；C選項(xiàng)solved“解決；解答”；D選項(xiàng)concluded“結(jié)束；推斷；作結(jié)論”。句意：當(dāng)你和一個(gè)阿拉伯人做生意時(shí)，你不得不忍受幾個(gè)小時(shí)的閑聊，等待商業(yè)的話(huà)題被提起。本句關(guān)鍵詞bebroached表示“被提出”，beraised可以做同義替換，表示被提出。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

14.單選題

Couldyoupossibly（）meatthenextcommitteemeeting?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.comeupwith

B.makeupfor

C.doawaywith

D.standinfor

【答案】D

【解析】考查短語(yǔ)。comeupwith“提出，想出”；makeupfor“補(bǔ)償，彌補(bǔ)”；doawaywith“廢除，去掉”；standinfor“代替”。將四個(gè)選項(xiàng)代入空格處只有選項(xiàng)D符合。

15.單選題

Theproperty-richbutcredit-starvedhomeownersareeasytargetsforsecond-mortgagecompanies,whosesalespeopleusephonedirectoriesor（）door-to-doorintargetedzipcodes.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.fickle

B.canvass

C.boon

D.deride

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞和動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)fickle“浮躁的，易變的”；B選項(xiàng)canvass“游說(shuō)，推銷(xiāo)”；C選項(xiàng)boon“愉快的，慷慨的”；D選項(xiàng)deride“嘲笑，嘲弄”。句意：那些擁有大量房產(chǎn)但缺乏信貸的房主很容易成為次級(jí)抵押貸款公司的目標(biāo)，這些公司的銷(xiāo)售人員利用電話(huà)號(hào)碼簿或在目標(biāo)郵政編碼地區(qū)挨家挨戶(hù)進(jìn)行推銷(xiāo)。本句表示向目標(biāo)房主進(jìn)行推銷(xiāo)。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

16.單選題

Lifeoffersusamyriadof（）,evenopposingones,andwhatisinvolvedinourdecisionprocessistodiscoverandchoosewhatismostsuitedtoarriveatourobjectives.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.bisociations

B.navigations

C.digerati

D.paradigms

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)bisociations“異類(lèi)聯(lián)想”；B選項(xiàng)navigations“航行，航海”；C選項(xiàng)digerati“電腦專(zhuān)家”；D選項(xiàng)paradigms“范例，范式”。句意：生活給我們提供了無(wú)數(shù)的模式，甚至是對(duì)立的模式，而在我們做出決定的過(guò)程中，我們要發(fā)現(xiàn)并選擇最適合我們達(dá)到目標(biāo)的模式。本句表示生活中的范式。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

17.單選題

Havingweighedupallthefactorsthedepartmentfinallyagreedtoreceiveallthe（）tothecommittee.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.nominations

B.hypotheses

C.rejection

D.resistance

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。nomination“任命；提名”；hypotheses“假定，臆測(cè)”，hypothesis的復(fù)數(shù)形式；rejection“拒絕”；resistance“阻力，電阻”。由thedepartment(部門(mén))與committee(委員會(huì))可知這里是“任命”的意思，選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

18.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingpartintoChinese.

Friendshipisbothasourceofpleasureandcomponentofgoodhealth.Peoplewhohaveclosefriendsnaturallyenjoytheircompany.Ofequalimportancearetheconcreteemotionalbenefitstheyderive.Whensomethingsensationalhappenstous,sharingthehappinessoftheoccasionwithfriendsintensifiesourjoy.Conversely,intimesoftroubleandtension,whenourspiritsarelow,unburdeningourworriesandfearstocompassionatefriendalleviatesthestress.Moreover,wemayevengetsomepracticalsuggestionsforsolvingaparticularproblem.

【答案】友誼既是快樂(lè)的源泉又是健康的要素。有好友的人們總是喜歡友人的陪伴。同樣重要的是，人們能夠從友誼那里獲得實(shí)實(shí)在在的情感方面的益處。當(dāng)有好事發(fā)生的時(shí)候，與朋友分享這份快樂(lè)會(huì)使你的快樂(lè)加倍。相反地，當(dāng)我們身處麻煩和壓力當(dāng)中，情緒低落的時(shí)候，向朋友傾訴憂(yōu)慮和恐懼會(huì)減輕你的壓力。而且，我們甚至還可以從朋友那里獲得實(shí)用的建議來(lái)解決特定的問(wèn)題。

19.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingpartintoEnglish.

北京奧運(yùn)會(huì)弘揚(yáng)了團(tuán)結(jié)、友誼、和平的奧林匹克精神，成為世界各國(guó)人民共同見(jiàn)證的文化交流的盛會(huì)。北京奧運(yùn)會(huì)的成功，是中國(guó)人民和世界各國(guó)人民共同努力的結(jié)果。榮譽(yù)屬于國(guó)際奧林匹克大家庭，屬于在比賽場(chǎng)上奮勇?tīng)?zhēng)先的運(yùn)動(dòng)員，屬于來(lái)自世界各地的自愿者。北京奧運(yùn)會(huì)的舉辦，將更加有力地促進(jìn)中國(guó)體育事業(yè)向前發(fā)展，將更加廣泛地促進(jìn)中國(guó)同國(guó)際奧林匹克大家庭的交流合作，將更加深入地促進(jìn)中國(guó)人民同世界各國(guó)人民的相互了解和友誼。

【答案】TheBeijingOlympicGameshaspromotedtheOlympicspiritofsolidarity,friendshipandpeace.Ithasbecomeagrandevenofculturalexchangeswitnessedbypeopleofthewholeworld.ThesuccessoftheBeijingOlympicGamesisattributabletotheconcertedeffortsoftheChinesepeopleandpeoplefromtherestoftheworld.TheglorygoestotheOlympicFamily,toathleteswhohavecompetedhard,tovolunteersfromdifferentpartsoftheworld.ThehostingoftheBeijingOlympicGameswillgiveaboosttothefurtherdevelopmentofsportsinChina,promotemoreextensiveexchangesandcooperationbetweenChinaandtheInternationalOlympicFamilyandfurtherenhancethemutualunderstandingandfriendshipbetweentheChinesepeopleandpeopleofallothercountries.

20.單選題

ThoughIhadtriedtoexplainitasclearlyaspossible,myexpectationseemednotto（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.getdown

B.getacross

C.getalong

D.getup

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞組辨析。getdown“吞下，使沮喪”;getacross“通過(guò)；使…被理解”；getalong“與……和睦相處”；getup“起床”。根據(jù)though這個(gè)詞可知前后有一個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，前半句提到“我盡可能的將問(wèn)題解釋清楚”，所以后半句的意思與之形成對(duì)比，因此選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

21.單選題

Theworldmaybebecomingamorefemale-friendlyplacebutcorporateboardroomarenot,withwomenholdingunder3percentoftopmanagementjobsinWesternfirms,accordingtoaUnitedNationssurveyissuedrecently.ThereportentitledBreakingThroughtheGlassCeiling:WomeninManagement,ispublishedbytheInternationalLaborOrganization(ILO).Thereport,subtitledasProgressandobstaclestowomenequalprofessionalandmanagerialstatus,presentsthemostrecenttrendsonthesituationofwomeninprofessionalandmanagerialjobs.Italsohighlightssomeoftheinstitutionalandattitudinalprejudicesthatcontinuetohamper(妨礙)women’sprogressintotopjobs,anditdescribesgoodpracticesinsupportofwomenmanagers.Womenmakeupover40percentoftheworld’sworkforce,butevenwhentheymakeitthroughthe“glassceiling”—aninvisiblebarrierofmale-dominatedprejudicesandnetworks—theyearnfarlessthanmen,theILOreportsaid.

“Almostuniversally,womenhavefailedtoreachleadingpositioninmajorcorporationsandprivatesectororganizations,irrespectiveoftheirresponsibilities,”saidauthorLindaMirth.“Thehighertheposition,themoreglaringthegendergap.”TheILOsaidmentraditionallyrelyon“oldboy”networkstoclimbuptheladder.Womenaremore“invisible”inthecorporateworldbecausetheyarelesskeenoninformalgatherings.Theyarealsofightingalosingbattleagainstsexualharassment.

ABritishstudyfoundthatwomeninonecompanysubjectedtocontinuingsexualharassmentandbullyingfailedtoachievepromotionwhateverstrategytheyused.“Protestingandcomplainingearnedthemthelabelof‘feminist’andwhining（抱怨），whiletryingtobeoneofthemeninvitedfurtherharassment,”theILOreportsaid.

Asurveyof300companiesinBritainlastyearfoundthatjust3percentofboardmemberswerewomen.IntheF1SEtop10companieslistedinBritain,Womenheldjust4percentofdirectors’posts,whilefemalemanagersearnedjust71percentofthesalaryoftheirmalecounterparts,theILOreportsaid.

Britishfemalemanagersasawholeearned83percentofthesalariesoftheirmalecounterparts——puttingthemaheadoftheircounterpartsinmostothercountries.

ThesituationinGermanywasnobetter.Asurveyof70,000largestcompaniesfoundthatwomenthereheldjust1to3percentofthetopexecutiveandboardroompositions.TheILOalsoreportedthatthecomparativelyhighproportionofwomenexecutivesinlargeFrenchcompanies13percent—wasnowfallingagainfromthe80slevels.

1.Whatdoesthereportmeanbytheterm“glassceiling”？

2.AccordingtotheILOreport,（）.

3.TheILOreport（）.

4.Whichofthefollowingstrategiesdidwomennotuseintheirfightagainstsexualharassment?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A