人教版高中英語選修9：Unit 2 Sailing the oceansGrammar課件

人教課標高三選修9Unit2Unit2SailingtheoceansThePredicate謂語用來說明主語的動作或狀態(tài),由動詞或動詞詞組擔任。及物動詞不及物動詞連系動詞情態(tài)動詞動詞可分為:需要跟有賓語的動詞叫及物動詞,及物動詞后可跟一個賓語、直接賓語和間接賓語或一個賓語和賓語補足語。例如：及物動詞直接賓語

Childrenseekindependence.Thetrialraisedanumberofquestions.HemadetheshortestspeechIhaveeverheard.Acouplewerehavingadrinkatatablebythewindow.HetookphotographsofVitainhersummerhouse.直接賓語和間接賓語。例如：Theygaveusawonderfullywarmwelcome.Mr.SchellwrotealettertheotherdaytotheNewYorkTimes.(…wrotetheNewYorkTimesaletter.)Itookouttheblackboxandhandedittoher.(…h(huán)andedherthebox.)Ihadlentmyapartmenttoafriendfortheweekend.Heleftthenoteforheronthetable.一個賓語帶賓語補足語。例如：Willis’sjokesmadeheruneasy.Lastyeartheymadehimcaptainoftheteam.Thepeoplenamedtheplace“TurboKutu”.Ithoughtitrighttogotherewithoutdelay.Haveyoufound

itdifficulttospeak?不需要跟賓語的動詞叫不及物動詞。例如：Herwholebodyached.Donaldwaslyingonthebed.Bobcoughedallnight.Alltheleaveshavefallenandwinteriscoming.有幾個不及物動詞后可以跟有與之同形的名詞,這叫同源賓語。例如：Theyarelivingapeacefullife.=Theyarelivingpeacefully.Hediedaheroicdeath.=Hediedheroically.Thegirllaughedamerrylaugh.=Thegirllaughedmerrily.Hesighedadeepsigh.=Hesigheddeeply.許多動詞往往既是不及物動詞又是及物動詞。例如：GusaskedmewhetherI’dliketohavedinnerwithhim.Iaccepted.(vi.)Iacceptedtheinvitation.(vt.)Hepaintedeveryday.(vi.)Hepaintedvividportraitsoffriendsandacquaintances.(vt.)Heranasfastashecould.(vi.)Sheranahotelinthecentreofthecity.(vt.)Fatherneversmokedordrankallhislife.(vi.)Hedrankagooddealofcoffee.(vt.)Atlastshethankedthemandleft.(vi.)AllIknowisthatMichaelandIneverleftthehouse.(vt.)連系動詞雖具有詞匯意義,但需要帶有表語才能構(gòu)成動詞謂語。例如：Thestationseemsaverysmallone.Theyhave

remainedloyaltothegovernment.Theirhallwaslargerthanhiswholeflat.Thetaskofinspectingitprovedto

beexcitingandinteresting.Itsoundsunnaturaltous.MymemoriesofaLondonchildhoodarehappyones.Hisbodywasthecolorofbronze.動詞詞組或稱短語動詞,可以擴展或改變動詞的意義,它們的構(gòu)成是：·動詞+副詞Marywentawayforafewdays.·動詞+介詞TheotherdayIcameacrossaletterfromBruneiwritteninthelastyearofhislife.·動詞+副詞+介詞Youmayhavecomeup

againstunexpecteddifficulties.情態(tài)動詞與動詞連用構(gòu)成的謂語。例如：Imustleaveverysoon.Therichoughttopaytuitionfeesfortheirchildren.Youmayhaveheardofhim.Youshouldnothavedoneso.下面我們通過近年來的高考題共同復習一下謂語的?？键c。1.單個動詞作謂語【考例1】Thereportswentmissingin2012andnobody_____themsince.A.seesB.sawC.hasseenD.hadseen【考例2】Ifnothing_____,theoceanswillturnintofishdeserts.A.doesB.hadbeendoneC.willdoD.isdone【考例3】—Dr.Jacksonisnotinhisofficeatthemoment.—Allright.I_____himlater.A.willcallB.havecalledC.callD.willbecalling【考點透視】簡單謂語有人稱和數(shù)的變化,有各種時態(tài)、語態(tài)和語氣,故高考題中對簡單謂語的考查主要體現(xiàn)為對各種時態(tài)、語態(tài)和語氣的考查?？祭?中,根據(jù)句末的since可知,此處要用現(xiàn)在完成時。考例2中,nothing與do之間是被動關(guān)系,且由willturninto可知,do表示將來發(fā)生的動作。因為條件狀語從句中要用一般現(xiàn)在時表將來,故用一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)?？祭?中,由“現(xiàn)在不在辦公室”可知,答話者會晚些時候再打電話過來,故call表示將來發(fā)生的動作,故用一般將來時。2.短語動詞作謂語【考例1】Don'tworry.I'msureyourmissingglasseswill_____soonerorlater.

A.standoutB.breakupC.getoutD.turnup【考例2】Carolinedoesn'thaveagiftformusic,butshe_____itwithhardwork.A.goesbackonB.takesawayfromC.makesupforD.catchesupwith【考點透視】高考對短語動詞作謂語的考查主要體現(xiàn)在詞義辨析方面?？祭?中,由Don'tworry和I'msure可知,眼鏡遲早會出現(xiàn)（turnup）。考例2中,由doesn'thaveagiftformusic及并列連詞but可知,她是在用努力來彌補（makesupfor）。3.“系動詞+表語”構(gòu)成的復合謂語【考例1】Generally,students'innermotivationwithhighexpectationsfromothers_____essentialtotheirdevelopment.

A.isB.areC.wasD.were【考例2】Mum,IwaswonderingifyoucouldlendmeafewdollarsuntilI_____onFriday.

A.getpaidB.gotpaidC.havepaidD.hadbeenpaid【考點透視】系動詞有一定的詞義,但不能單獨作謂語,要與作表語的名詞、形容詞、介詞短語、過去分詞等連用。常見的系動詞有be,look,appear,keep,taste,feel,stay,become,get,remain,go,turn,grow等?？祭?中,句子的主語是students'innermotivation,故系動詞用單數(shù)形式,又因為描述的是通常的情況,故用一般現(xiàn)在時。考例2中,從句中用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來,且I與pay之間是被動關(guān)系,故選getpaid。4.“動詞+不定式”構(gòu)成的復合謂語【考例】Theenginejustwon'tstart.Somethingseems_____wrongwithit.A.togoB.tohavegoneC.goingD.havinggone【考點透視】用于本結(jié)構(gòu)的動詞本身具有一定的詞義,但不能單獨表達一個完整的意義,必須同不定式結(jié)合起來才能使意義完整,所以這類動詞又被稱為半助動詞。常見的這類動詞有appear,come,fail,get,happen,seem等。高考題中對此類謂語的考查主要是考查不定式。要注意不定式根據(jù)不同的語境有不同的形式：一般式、進行式和完成式。在該考例中,發(fā)動機出問題是“發(fā)動不起來”之前發(fā)生的事,且因為seem后接不定式,故在此用不定式的完成式。5.“be+形容詞+不定式”構(gòu)成的復合謂語【考例1】Whatareyoudoingoutofbed,Tom?You're_____tobeasleep.A.supposedB.knownC.thoughtD.considered【考例2】Studiesshowthatpeoplearemore_____tosufferfrombackproblemsiftheyalwayssitbeforecomputerscreensforlonghours.A.likelyB.possibleC.probableD.sure【考點透視】這部分的“be+形容詞”結(jié)構(gòu)也是半助動詞,本身雖有詞義,但不能獨立作謂語,要與不定式一起構(gòu)成復合謂語。常見的這類結(jié)構(gòu)有beableto,beanxiousto,beboundto,becertainto,bedeterminedto,beeagerto,belikelyto,bereadyto,besureto等。6.“情態(tài)動詞+實義動詞”構(gòu)成的復合謂語【考例1】I______haveworriedbeforeIcametothenewschool,formyclassmateshereareveryfriendlytome.

A.mightn'tB.mustn'tC.needn'tD.couldn't【考例2】Lifeisunpredictable;eventhepoorest_____becometherichest.

A.shallB.mustC.needD.might【考點透視】“情態(tài)動詞+實義動詞”構(gòu)成的復合謂語,在高考題中主要體現(xiàn)為對情態(tài)動詞的考查?？祭?中,由“這里的同學們對我非