商務(wù)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)口譯第四單元-Unit-4-Business-Travel

PAGE13UnitFourBusinessTravelUnitObjectives(單元目標(biāo))Afterreadingthisunit,youshouldunderstandthewaystoidentifythemainideasofthesourcetext.findwaystoimproveyourinterpretingskillsandperformance.masterthebasicwordsandexpressionsaboutbusinesstravel.knowsomeculturalbackgroundknowledgeaboutbusinesstravel.PreparingI.InterpretingSkills(口譯技能)Readthefollowingpresentationaboutdiscourseanalysisandtrytounderstandthefourspeechtypesandknowhowtoidentifythemainideasofthesourcetext.Thencompletethefollowingtask:1.Listentothepassage,“MyfirstdayinNewYork”,andanswerthefollowingquestions:1). WhendidtheauthorfirstarriveintheUS?2). Whatdidtheauthordoonthewaytohishotel?3). Wheredidtheauthorgetsomethingtoeatafterhisfriendhadleft?4). Whycouldn’thehavewhathereallywantedattherestaurant?5). Whatdidtheauthordoafterdinner?2.Listentothepassageagainandtrytocatchmoredetails,thenretellthestoryinyourownwords.DecodingTraining(II):DiscourseAnalysis（語(yǔ)篇分析）Interpretingisto“understandandmakeunderstood”.Tointerpretthespeech,onemustfirstunderstandthemessageofthespeech.However,comprehension（理解）ofthesourcediscoursegoesbeyondthesimplerecognitionofwordsandlinguisticstructures.Theinterpretershallmakeananalysisofthesourcediscourse.Moreimportantly,theinterpretershallidentify（識(shí)別）thespeechtypeandknowhowtoidentifythemainideasoftheoriginalspeeches.IdentificationoftheSpeechTypesSpeechesarediversifiedservingdifferentoccasionsandpurposes.Itwillbeofgreathelptotheinterpretersiftheyknowthespeaker’sstyle.Inmostcases,speechesarepreparedbeforehand.Therefore,astudyofthedifferenttypesofwritinghelpsaninterpreteridentifythemainideaofagivenspeech.Followingarethebasictypesofwriting.1.DescriptiveWritingDescriptive（描述性的）writinginvolvesagreatdealofdetailedinformation.Adescriptivediscussionaimedatprovidingdetailsofanevent,ascene,aprocedure,orasituation.Thisspeechtypedemandsathoroughbackgroundinvestigationofthespeakerandtherelevantsituationbytheinterpreter.2.NarrativeWritingNarrative（敘述性的）writingfocusesonthedevelopmentofevents.Thereisnodoubtthattheinterpretershouldbeverysensitivetodates,timephrases,andverbtenseswhenanarrativespeechisdealtwith.3.ExpositiveWritingExpositive（說(shuō)明性的）writingdealswithitssubjectmatterinsuchordersaschronological,spatial,comparison,anddefinition.Itwouldbetotheadvantageoftheinterpretertoconductabackgroundinvestigationofthespeakerandthesituation,forthatwouldprovidetheinterpreterwithnotonlythenecessaryglossarybutalsothespeaker’sstandpoint（立場(chǎng)）.4.PersuasiveWritingPersuasive（勸說(shuō)性的）writersalwayswanttomaketheirargumentsclear,strongandconvincing.Whenthepurposeistoconvince,writersofpersuasivewritingmainlyemploytwotechniques--induction（歸納）anddeduction（推論）.Inductivewritingstartswithspecificexamplesorpointstodrawageneralconclusion,whiledeductivewritingillustratesitsthesisatfirstandthensupportsandreinforcesthethesisthroughspecificexamplesorsubordinateideas.IdentificationoftheMainIdeasInthecontextofinterpreting,themainideasofthesourcespeechcanbeidentifiedatthesentencelevelandatthediscourselevel.Priorityshouldalwaysbeattachedtoidentifyingthemainideaatthesentencelevel.Wearguethatidentificationofmainideasbedoneonthebasisofsentences.Traininginidentifyingthemainideasininterpretingshouldnaturallytakeplacefirstatthesentencelevel.1.SentenceLevelThemostimportanttaskforaninterpretertoidentifythemainideasatthesentencelevelistodiscern(洞悉）thesubject,verbandobject(SVO).ItishighlysignificantfortheinterpretertocatchtheSVOofthesentencewhilelisteningtothesourcetext,astheSVOusuallycarriesthemajorinformationofthesentence.Forexample,whenlisteningto“Thebestwaytocarrymoneywhiletravelingistohaveamajorcreditcard”,theinterpreterisexpectedtocatch“Thebestwayistohaveacreditcard.”IftheinterpreterisabletocatchtheSVOofthesentence,hethenwillproduceacompletesentencewiththemajorinformationinthetargetlanguage.2.DiscourseLevelTherearealsosomeskillsaninterpretermightemployondifferentoccasionsforgraspingthegist（要點(diǎn)）ofaspeechatthediscourselevel.Inawell-organizedspeech,thespeakerusuallyexplainshispointinthefirstfewsentences.Therefore,oneofthewaystogetthemainideaofaspeechistoattachprioritytothebeginningofthespeech.Secondly,iftheinterpreterencountersaspeechthatisinductivelyconstructed,theinterpretershould,tothebestoftheirability,conductastudyofthespeaker'sbackgroundandviewpointssothattheycanfollowthespeaker'slogicalguidelines.II.PhraseInterpreting(短語(yǔ)口譯)Workonthefollowingwordsandphrases.InterpretthemintoChineseandEnglishrespectively.A.EnglishtoChinese1.Haveapopulationof…2.Coveranareaof…3.Datebackto…4.Haveahistoryof…5.Besituatedin…6.Thegrossdomesticproduct7.Dive-inrestaurant 8.Quarantinecertificate9.Durationofstay10.ResidencepermitB.ChinesetoEnglish1、日程安排2、旅行路線 3、起飛時(shí)間 4、機(jī)場(chǎng)大樓 5、候機(jī)室 6、貴賓室 7、問(wèn)訊處 8、安全檢查 9、免稅店 10、個(gè)人物品 III.SentenceInterpreting（句子口譯）Workonthefollowingsentences.InterpretthemintoChineseandEnglishrespectively.A. EnglishtoChinese1. Ibelieveyou'regoingoutofyourwayforus.2. Wouldn'tyouliketospendanextradayortwohere?3. I'mafraidthatwon'tbepossible,muchaswe'dliketo.4. Iwonderifitispossibletoarrangeshoppingforus.5. Iwillkeepyouposted.B. ChinesetoEnglish1. 我特地為你們安排，使你們?cè)诒本┑亩毫粲淇臁?. 如果你們感到方便的話，我想現(xiàn)在討論一下日程安排的問(wèn)題。3. 我們的活動(dòng)在晚上也安排滿(mǎn)了嗎？4. 我們已經(jīng)很順利地把活動(dòng)日程安排好了。5. 這是我們?yōu)槟愫湍愕呐笥褦M定的活動(dòng)日程安排。請(qǐng)過(guò)目一下，好嗎？PerformingI.Decoding--NotesTaking（筆記記錄）ListentotherecordingsofTextA.Trytocatchthemainideasofthespeech.Notedownthekeypointswhileyouarelistening.Thentellthemainideasofthespeechwiththehelpofyournotes.II.Memorizing--StoryRetelling（故事復(fù)述）ListentotherecordingsofTextAagain.Trytocatchmoredetailsandimproveyournotes.Thenretellthespeechinyourownwordswiththehelpofyournotes.III.Encoding--MessageReconstructing（信息重組）ListentotherecordingsofTextAparagraphbyparagraph.Takenoteswhennecessaryandstartinterpretingduringthepauses.TextALadiesandGentlemen:Iamextraordinarilyhappytohavewitnessedthissigningceremonytodaybecauseitsymbolizes,forme,exactlythetypeofcooperationthatweneed,whichisacooperativeendeavorwhichwillbringinmoreinvestmentandleadtomorecooperation.Onbehalfoftheforeignguestsattendingthisworkshop,letmesayamostsincere“thankyou”foryourwarmandgraciouswelcome.FromthelittleI’veseenintheshorttimewhenI’vebeenhere,I’dhavetosayChinaisaverybeautifulcountryandyourpeopleareveryfriendly.IknowthatIcanspeakforeveryonewhenIsaythat,fromthemomentwhenwearrivedattheairport,therehavebeenmanyhelpfulandconsideratepeopletotakecareofallthelittlethingsthatmakethedifferencebetweenanhecticandarelaxingtrip.Theaccommodationsyouhaveprovidedareverycomfortableandthesettingforthisworkshopisrelaxed,yetbusinesslike.Weareallgladtobeheretoparticipateinthisworkshoponcomputertechnology.We’veallreadaboutthephenomenalsuccesswithcomputersinChinaandwe’veallseenthenumbersonhowhealthytheindustryishere,andnowwegettheopportunityforacloserlook.IknowwehavealottolearnfromyourexperiencehereinChina,andhopeourexperiencewillbehelpfultoyouheretoo.Thisisanexcitingtimeforthecomputerindustryworldwide,andweareexcitedtohavetheopportunitytoparticipateinthisworkshop.Thankyoufortheinvitationandthewarmreception.IV.Coordinating—FieldInterpreting（現(xiàn)場(chǎng)口譯）ListentotherecordingsofTextB.Takesomenoteswhennecessaryandinterpretthetextwiththehelpofyournotes.TextBJean: HeyKyle,guesswhat!ThebossissendingmetotheWestcoastforamarketingseminarnextmonth.Kyle: 啊哈，你肯定很高興。你想出差都想好幾個(gè)月了。Jean: Yeah,andhesaidthere’llbemorecomingup,soIshouldgetacorporatecard.Problemis,Idon’tknowhowtoproceed,andIdidn’twantthebosstoknowthat.Canyoufillmein?Kyle: 當(dāng)然了，沒(méi)問(wèn)題。首先去找秘書(shū)，告訴她你要去哪兒？什么時(shí)候去？她會(huì)通過(guò)我們的旅行代理，為你安排交通和酒店，并在幾天內(nèi)給你旅程表。同時(shí)問(wèn)她要一張信用卡申請(qǐng)表。Jean: WillIusethecardforeverything?Kyle: 不，我們和一些主要航空公司和酒店都有公司信用協(xié)議。這次旅行你也許只會(huì)用它來(lái)吃飯。但并不是所有的飯店都接受這一信用卡。你也許要付現(xiàn)金。Jean: DoIpayoutofmyownpocket?Kyle: 恐怕是。我們以前是預(yù)支差旅費(fèi)，但自從公司使用信用卡后，就停止了。Jean: Willthecompanyreimburseeverything?Kyle: 不，有每日最高限額。我會(huì)給你一個(gè)表。當(dāng)然私人用品不算在內(nèi)。而且必須保留所有收據(jù)。回來(lái)后，你必須把他們貼在報(bào)銷(xiāo)單上。Jean: Anythingelse?Kyle: 既然你要經(jīng)常飛行，去申請(qǐng)一張飛行積分卡。積累飛行里程是商務(wù)旅行的額外補(bǔ)貼之一。到時(shí)候告訴我你是怎么帶著旅行包生活的。PackagingI.InterpretingandAssessment（口譯與評(píng)估）Workingroups.ListentotherecordingsofTextC.Takesomenoteswhilelistening.Interpretthetextwiththehelpofyournotes.Theothermembersareexpectedtoevaluatetheinterpreters’performancewiththepeer’sassessmentform.TextC下午好，以下是我們這次商務(wù)旅行的日程的簡(jiǎn)單安排：第一天上午我們參觀深圳市經(jīng)濟(jì)技術(shù)開(kāi)發(fā)區(qū)、座談，下午參觀中國(guó)硅谷—深圳科技園，商務(wù)洽談。第二天：請(qǐng)深圳市有關(guān)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)介紹深圳市招商引資和投資環(huán)境等情況及專(zhuān)業(yè)考察、下午參觀深圳知名企業(yè)華為和康佳集團(tuán)。第三天全部是游覽活動(dòng)，世界之窗和錦繡中華。第四天：與當(dāng)?shù)仄髽I(yè)家進(jìn)行專(zhuān)業(yè)座談，然后是粵菜風(fēng)味的晚宴會(huì)。非常高興能在整個(gè)旅程中陪伴各位,如果大家現(xiàn)在或在旅行中有什么問(wèn)題請(qǐng)隨時(shí)向我提出來(lái)。Peer'sAssessmentForm1. Delivery A B C D1.1 Isthearticulationorintonationunnatural? □ □ □ □1.2 Arethereanyirritatingoutburstorexaggeratedfillers? □ □ □ □1.3 Arethereanyexcessiverepairsorunfinishedsentences? □ □ □ □1.4 Isthevoiceunpleasantorunconvincing? □ □ □ □2. Language 2.1 Arethereanyirritatingmispronunciations? □ □ □ □2.2 Arethereanyirritatinggrammaticalmistakes? □ □ □ □2.3 Arethereanyunidiomaticexpressions? □ □ □ □3. Coherence3.1 Arethereanyabruptbeginningsorendings? □ □ □ □3.2 Istheperformanceincoherent? □ □ □ □3.3 Isthemessageimplausibleorillogical? □ □ □ □4. Loyalty4.1 Arethereanysignificantomissions? □ □ □ □4.2 Arethereanyunjustifiedchanges? □ □ □ □4.3 Arethereanyunjustifiedadditions? □ □ □ □II. FeedbackandComments（反饋與評(píng)論）Afteryoufinishtheinterpretation,tellyourclassmatesandteacherhowyoufeelaboutyourperformance.Thentheteacherwillmakeanoverallcommentonyourperformanceandgiveyousomesuggestion.AimsofthisUnitStudent’sFeedbackTeacher’sCommentsThecandidatehasmetthestandard,knowledgeandskillrequirements.Candidates:_____________________ Date______________________Assessor:______________________ Date______________________SupplementaryExercises(補(bǔ)充練習(xí))TaskI SimulationExercises（模擬練習(xí)）Workingroups.Role-playthefollowingsituationswithyourpartners,actingastheChinesespeaker,Englishspeakerandtheinterpreterrespectively.Onegroupwillbeinvitedtoperforminclass.SituationAMr.King,thesalesrepresentativeofUniverseToyCompanyinLondonhasabusinessmeetinginSituationAMr.King,thesalesrepresentativeofUniverseToyCompanyinLondonhasabusinessmeetinginChina,thesecretaryinChinesecompanydiscusstheitinerarywithhim.Trytodointerpretingwork.29March0900 MeetingwithExecutiveManager1500 Factoryvisit30March1000 GoingtoTradeFair31March1000 ConferencewithChinesecompany1400 Shopping1April ConferencewithChinesecompany2April SightseeingincitySituationBYouareabusinessmanfromUK,nowcometoChinatoattendanimportantmeeting.Makeaspeechincluding:ThanksforthewelcomeceremonyExpressionstothepurposeofthisjourneyExpectationofthisbusinesstripClosingSamplesentences:Ifeelpleasedtoattendthismeeting…thankyouforyournicewelcome.Ihavebeeninglookingforwardtothistrip,andnowIhavebeenmorethanrewarded.I’msuremystayherewillbeafruitfulandenjoyableoneIdohope…Task2 VocabularyDevelopment（詞匯擴(kuò)展）Readthefollowingwordsandexpressions.Trytokeeptheminmindandfindmoretoenrichyourlanguagebank.A. UsefulWords&Expressions辦理出/入境手續(xù) togothroughtheexit/entryformalities日程安排 schedule旅行路線 itinerary起飛時(shí)間 departuretime機(jī)場(chǎng)大樓 terminalbuilding航班資料顯示牌 flightinformationboard候機(jī)室 departurelounge貴賓室 VIPRoom問(wèn)訊處 informationdesk安全檢查 securitycheck外交/公務(wù)護(hù)照 diplomatic/servicepassport一次性/多次性入境簽證 single-entry/multiple-entryvisa再入境簽證 re-entryvisa旅行/居留簽證 travel/residencevisa出境/入境/過(guò)境/訪問(wèn)簽證 exit/entry/transit/visitor’svisa簽證有效期 validityofvisa入境日期及口岸 dateandportofentry抵達(dá)/出境日期 dateofarrival/departure衛(wèi)生證明/黃皮書(shū) quarantinecertificate居留事由/期限 purpose/durationofstay旅行/居住證 travel/residencepermit海關(guān) theCustoms海關(guān)關(guān)員 customsofficer關(guān)稅 customsduty填寫(xiě)報(bào)關(guān)單 tofillin/outthedeclarationform免稅/應(yīng)稅商品 duty-free/dutiablegoods/articles免稅店 duty-freeshop個(gè)人物品 personaleffects進(jìn)/出口許可證 import/exportpermit照章納稅 topaycustomsdutyaccordingtotheregulations行李提取處 baggage/luggageclaim行李寄存處 baggage/luggagedepository隨身行李 carry-onbaggage行李牌 luggagecheck;baggage/luggagetag行李手推車(chē) luggagetrolley/handcart/pushcartB. SampleSentencesInquiringaboutflightWhatflightsaretherefromNewYorktoShanghai?Isthereanon-stopflighttoBeijing?Whattimeistheplaneduetoarrive?Whendoestheplanetakeoff?HowmuchdoesitdoesitcosttoflytoLondon?Pleaseletusknowthefullcost,includingtheoverweightcharge.Howmuchisthefare?DoIhavetochangeplanes?BookingArethereanyvacanciesCanIbook/have/reserve/keepasingleroomfortheweekend?I’dliketomakeareservationofadoubleroomfor2nights.Ibooked/reservedasingleroomfortonight.Ibelieveyouhavearoomreserved/reservationforme.Thetravelagencyhasarrangedforadoubleroomforme.SpecificRequirementI’dlikeasingle/doubleroomwithabath.Couldyoumanage/letmehave2doublesand4singlesfor3days?Ipreferaroomfacingsouth/onthesunnyside/withabalcony/withafrontview/onahigherfloor/overlookingtheseaforaweek.I’llbestayingovernightonly.Therewillbethreepeopleinourparty.ServicesCanIhavemybreakfastinmyroom?Doyouhave/provideroomservices?Doesthehotelhaveasauna?Isthereaphoneintheroom?Whatsortofamusements/sundryservicesdoyouoffer?WhatifI’vegotsomethingtobesenttothelaundry?PricesWhatistherateforasingleroom?Whatisthepricedifferencebetweenadoubleroomandatwinroom?Howmuchisasuitefortwonights?Howmuchdoyouchargeforthecheapestpossibletwin-room?Isthereadiscount/reductionforcompanybooking?Dowehavetopaythefullpriceforchildren?Doesthatincludeattendance/theuseoftelephone?CheckingOutIwanttocheckout,please.MynamesisDavidCarsonI’mcheckingouttoday.I’dlikemybillreadythismorning.CouldIsettlemybillnow?I’mleavingaroundten.Task3 CulturalSalon（文化沙龍）Readthefollowingpresentationandtrytogetsomeculturalknowledgeaboutbusinesstravel.TravelArrangementsInalargecompanyorfirmthereisadepartmentwhichisinchargeofthetravelarrangementsforthestaff.Inmanycompanies,however,mostofthearrangementsfortheboss’stravelisusuallymadebythesecretary.Beforemakingthereservations,thesecretaryshouldfirsttakethefollowinginformationintoconsideration:DeparturetimeanddatePlacestobevisitedDurationofvisittoeachplacePurposeofthevisittoeachplacesScheduledappointmentScheduleddinnermeetings,lunchmeetingsorbreakfastmeetingsPreferencesastomeansoftraveloraccommodationNumberandidentityofpeopletravelingBasedontheinformationabove,atentativeitineraryshouldbeworkedout.Thenfollowstheactionoffurtherconfirmingtheappointments,accommodation,transportationarrangements,eatinglocations,etc.andtheinitialtravelplanshouldbemodified.Ifthereisnotadepartmentresponsiblefortravelarrangementsinacompany,travelisusuallyarrangedviaatravelagency,suchastransportationbookingsandaccommodationreservations.Theinformationrelatedtothetravelitineraryinclude:DetailedinformationaboutthedatesandtimesofarrivalineachplacetobevisitedTypesoftransportation,travelpreferences,e.g.seatingpreference,inflightmealpreference,smoking/non-smokingandaccommodationpreferred.Thefollowinginformationshouldbeprovided:Boss’snameBoss’businessandhomemobilephonenumberBoss’sfrequentforthetravelersclubmembershipdetailsMethodofpaymentforthetravelarrangementsandcreditcarddetailsIfthebosstravelsabroad,thesecretaryshouldalsoaskthetravelagencyforthecertificatesrequired,suchaspassport,visa,healthorpolicecertificatesandhowtoobtainthem.Whennecessary,thesecretaryshouldalsoarrangethehealthandbaggageinsuranceforthegeneralmangerandhelptocollectthetraveler’schecks.Thefinalitinerarypresentedtothebossshouldconsistofalltheactivitiesconcerningthetravelandthereservationreceiptsfromthetravelagency.Theitineraryshouldatleastbethreecopies.Onecopyisforthesecretaryandtheothertwofortheboss.Task4 InterpretingPractice(口譯實(shí)踐)Workonthefollowingsentencesandtext.InterpretthemintoChineseandEnglishrespectively.A.SentenceInterpretingWhereveryougo,you’llseedrive-inbanks,drive-inrestaurants,drive-inchurchesanddrive-inmovies.Driversareexpectedtoknowandunderstandthelocallawseveniftheydon’tliveinaparticularstate.Australiaistheworld’ssmallestcontinentandlargestisland,andarelativelyyoungnationestablishedinanancientland.AseriesofgeologicalandhistoricalaccidentshasmadeAustraliaoneoftheworld’smostattractivecountriesfromthetourist’sviewpoint.TourismisamajorindustryinAustralia,representingaboutsixpercentofthegrossdomesticproductandproviding,directlyorindirectly,around440,000jobs.B. TextInterpretingTextD歡迎各位參加“絲綢之路游”。為期兩周的游覽將成為您一生中最難忘的經(jīng)歷之一。絲綢之路的歷史可以追溯到公元前2世紀(jì)。當(dāng)時(shí)一名中國(guó)官員、朝廷的使者張騫沿著這條連接亞歐兩大洲的貿(mào)易通道出使西域。這條通道源于長(zhǎng)安城，一路穿越陜西省、甘肅省境內(nèi)的河西走廊、新疆的塔里木盆地、帕米爾山區(qū)、阿富汗、伊朗、伊拉克以及敘利亞，最后抵達(dá)地中海的東岸。全程7，000公里，其中有4，000公里的路段在中國(guó)境內(nèi)。15世紀(jì)前的一千多年里，中國(guó)通過(guò)這條通道給西域各國(guó)帶去了絲綢織物、火藥、造紙術(shù)和印刷術(shù)。同時(shí)，這條通道也從國(guó)外給我們引進(jìn)了佛教、伊斯蘭教以及葡萄、核桃、石榴、黃瓜、玻璃、香水等產(chǎn)品。因?yàn)橹袊?guó)絲綢是沿著這條通道進(jìn)入西方國(guó)家的，所以歐洲學(xué)者將此道稱(chēng)作“絲綢之路”。絲綢之路沿途的大批歷史文物、引人入勝的自然風(fēng)景以及富有情趣的地方文化，使這一長(zhǎng)途遠(yuǎn)游成了世界上最精彩的旅游項(xiàng)目之一。在絲綢之路的中國(guó)段，沿線散居著許多少數(shù)民族，他們對(duì)來(lái)自世界各地的游客都以禮相待，熱情好客。這里的食物和工藝品不同于中國(guó)中部的食物和工藝品。這里的民間傳說(shuō)，如同天方夜談一般神奇，聽(tīng)來(lái)別有一番情趣。我社安排的“絲綢之路游”，始于西安古城，止于新疆首府烏魯木齊，其間我們還要游覽蘭州、墩煌以及吐魯番。沿線您可以領(lǐng)略自然景觀的魅力，欣賞古代藝術(shù)家高超的