2023年421大學(xué)英語(yǔ)專(zhuān)業(yè)四級(jí)真題語(yǔ)言知識(shí)部分答案解析

2023.4.21etdeo tsttodasmooth-sidepyramid.A.hasbeenbelievedtohavebeen B.wasbelievedtobeC.isbelievedtohavebeen believedtobe解析：C.isbelievedtohavebeenCariof嘗試建筑的一個(gè)外表光滑的金字塔。背景相關(guān)學(xué)問(wèn)，彎曲金字塔，是公元前2600Cario27之一，塔身彎曲?？键c(diǎn)分析，sb/sthbebelievedtodo/tobedoing/tohavedonesb/sthbebelievedtodo(將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)，代表某人某物被認(rèn)為將要做某事〕，LucyisbelievedtogotoLondon.Lucy〔沒(méi)去〕；sb/sthbebelievedtobedoing(現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)，某人或某事物正在做某事)，LucyisbelievedtogoingtoLondon.Lucy〔在去的路上〕；sb/sthbebelievedtohavedone(過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，代表某人某事物被認(rèn)為應(yīng)當(dāng)做過(guò)某事)，LucyisbelievedtohavegonetoLondon.Lucy〔已經(jīng)去了〕。拓展句型，TherefugeesfromSyriaarebelievedtohavecommittedvariouscrimesinGermanysinceJune20232023612.U.S.News rankingsofcollegessince1983.Theyareaverypopularresourceforstudentslookingtoapplytoauniversitycampus.A.maintains B.ismaintaining C.maintained D.hasbeenmaintaining解析：D.hasbeenmaintaining.1983于想申請(qǐng)大學(xué)校園的學(xué)生來(lái)說(shuō)，這些大學(xué)是格外受歡送的資源。考點(diǎn)分析，時(shí)態(tài)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)展時(shí)〔havebeendoing〕，從過(guò)去某一時(shí)間點(diǎn)〔1983〕到現(xiàn)在照舊進(jìn)展的動(dòng)作〔始終〕。拓展句型，Tomhasbeenplayingfootballfortwohours.Tom了兩個(gè)小時(shí)的足球了。maintainvt〔keepsteady〕維持，~tomaintainworldpeace〔support〕供給，~tomaintainafamilyof6〔assert〕~tomaintainthat,(lookafter—vehicle、machine、building〕~tomaintainaroad.☆Hewasluredintoacrimehewouldnot havecommitted.A.actually B.otherwise C.accidentally D.seldom解析：Botherwiseotherwise在定語(yǔ)從句構(gòu)造中,并與虛擬語(yǔ)氣搭配使用。此題省略了that，HewasluredintoacrimethathewouldnototherwisehavecommittedthatcrimecommitOtherwisethat/which/whothanotherwise“在相反的狀況下”或“要不然的話(huà)”,表達(dá)的是與前面提到的真實(shí)狀況相反的一個(gè)假設(shè)情形。本otherwiseotherwise“ifithadnotbeenfor…”that“thatsomebodywouldotherwisehave詞”“Hewouldnothavecommittedthecrimeifhehadnotbeenluredintoit.”otherwiseshewasonceayoungcountrywifewithchickensinthebackyardandaviewof mountainsbehindtheappleorchard.1. bluehazyVirginia B.Virginiabluehazy C.hazyblueVirginia D.hazyVirginiablue解析：C.hazyblueVirginia.她曾經(jīng)是一個(gè)年輕的鄉(xiāng)村妻子，后院養(yǎng)著雞，在蘋(píng)果園后面可以看到模糊的藍(lán)色弗吉尼亞山脈。只要你記住口訣“限數(shù)描大形,色國(guó)材名”這句話(huà),此題就迎刃而解。如，thesetwousefulsmallnewwhiteAmericancalculators.15.Ilongtoalleviate ,butIcannot,andItoosuffer.A.theevil B.evils C.anevil D.evil解析：A.theevilWhatIHaveLivedForBertrandRussell.theevilalleviatevt.減輕，緩解Indeed, itisarguablethatbodyshatteringistheverypointoffootball,askillingandmaiming .warB.arewarC.ofwarD.areofwar解析：D.areofwar.事實(shí)上，身體損害是足球的關(guān)鍵是可論證的，如同殺戮和殘害是戰(zhàn)斗的關(guān)鍵。At ,photographyisachemicalprocess,duringwhichalight-sensitivematerialisalteredwhenexposedtolight.A.itsmostbasicB.itsbasicC.themostbasicD.thebasic解析：A.itsmostbasic.在最根本的狀況下，攝影是一個(gè)化學(xué)過(guò)程，在這個(gè)過(guò)程中，感光材料在曝光時(shí)會(huì)發(fā)生變化?？键c(diǎn)分析，atone’s/its“處于最…的狀態(tài)”。拓展句型...but,custom,wehaveawayofthinking,isbehavioratitsmostcommonplaceShehiredalawyertoinvestigate,onlytolearnthatGabrielhadremovedhernamefromthedeed.Theinfinitiveverbphrase“onlytolearn”istoused .toexpressanintendedpurposetoindicateahighdegreeofpossibilitytorevealanundesirableconsequencetodramatizeastatedfact解析：C.torevealanundesirableconsequence.她雇了一個(gè)律師去調(diào)查，結(jié)果卻覺(jué)察加布里埃爾把她的名字從契約中刪除了?？键c(diǎn)分析，onlyto“不料竟會(huì)…沒(méi)想到會(huì)…”不定式表結(jié)果時(shí),常指出人意料的結(jié)果。拓展句型，TheheadmasterhurriedtotheconcerthallonlytofindthespeakergoneWhichofthefollowingitalicizedwordsDOESNOTcarrythemetaphoricalmeaning?Iwonderwhat’sbehindthischangeofplan.Jimturnedtospeaktothepersonstandingbehindhim.Thisworkshouldhavebeenfinishedyesterday.I’mgettingterriblybehind.IsupposeI’mluckybecausemyparentswerebehindmealltheway.解析：BJimturnedtospeaktothepersonstandingbehindhim面的那個(gè)人說(shuō)話(huà)。behind“在身后，背后，…的反面”站在身后的人，無(wú)隱含意義。A.“我想知道轉(zhuǎn)變打算的緣由”，behind“作為...的緣由”responsiblefor，如what’sbehindhisactionsC“這項(xiàng)工作昨天應(yīng)當(dāng)已經(jīng)完成了。我越來(lái)越落后了”behind“落后于”，如We”rebehindschedule(=late).我們的工作進(jìn)度落后了。D.“我認(rèn)為我很幸運(yùn)由于我的父母始終支持我”，behind“支持，贊成”。Mymotherwasdeterminedtohelpthoseinneedandshewouldhavebeenimmenselyproudofwhathasbeenachievedtheselast20years.Theitalicizedpartinthesentenceexpresses .A.ahypothesis B.asuggestion C.acontradiction D.asurprise解析：A.ahypothesis.一種假設(shè)。我母親決心幫助那些有需要的人，她會(huì)為過(guò)去20得的成就感到無(wú)比驕傲。WhenthepoliceofficerswhotookpartintheKingbeatingwerefirstbroughtto ,theirlawyersusedthevideotapeasevidenceagainsttheprosecution.1. justice B.testimony C.trial D.verdict解析：C.trial.當(dāng)參與毆打國(guó)王的警官第一次被帶到庭審時(shí)，他們的律師用錄像帶作為反對(duì)控方的證據(jù)?？键c(diǎn)分析，詞匯辨析，trialn.(Law)審訊，審理，審判；justicentestimonyn~togivetestimonyverdict〔Law)陪審團(tuán)的裁決~averdictofguiltyornotguilty有罪或無(wú)罪的裁決~toarriveat/reach/returnaverdict ,themostcontroversialcandidateintheelectioncampaign,hehasbeenstronglycriticizedforhiscrudecommentsaboutwomen.1. Questionably B.Arguably C.Contentiously D.Debatably解析：可以說(shuō)，作為競(jìng)選活動(dòng)中最有爭(zhēng)議的候選人，他對(duì)女性的粗魯評(píng)論受到了猛烈批判。arguablyadv→arguableadj.可論證的，有依據(jù)的〔16曾消滅〕→arguev→argumentn.爭(zhēng)論，辯論→argumentativeadj.好爭(zhēng)論的；questionableadj./adv/可質(zhì)疑地；contentiouslyadv→contentiousadj.有爭(zhēng)議的，好爭(zhēng)論的;debaten./vt./vi→debatableadj.有爭(zhēng)議的;Priceshaverecentlyriseninordertomaterials.1. cut B.buoy C.offer D.offset

theincreasedcostofraw解析：近日，物價(jià)上漲以抵消原材料本錢(qián)的上漲?？键c(diǎn)分析，詞匯辨析offsetvt~tosthagainststhn.抵消~asanoffsettosth作為對(duì)某事物的補(bǔ)償；buoyvt使振作，使上漲~buoyup;rawmaterial消退。抵銷(xiāo)：以等價(jià)實(shí)物、債權(quán)等沖抵勾銷(xiāo)欠賬。Thecelebritysaysincourtpapersshe“hasnoauthorizationtoanyonetoproceedwithadivorce.”

ofgivingany1. recommendationBrecording Crecollection D.recognition解析：這位名人在法庭上說(shuō)，她“不記得授權(quán)任何人離婚?！笨键c(diǎn)分析，詞匯辨析recollectionn~hasnorecollectionof不記得；recommendationn~ontherecommendationof…經(jīng)...推舉~tospeakinrecommendationofsb/sth推舉某人某事~tomakearecommendationrecognitionn.認(rèn)出，生疏，Whatactually agoodangle—oragoodselfieoverall—isrootedinwhatweconsiderbeautiful.1. consists B.constitutes C.composes D.constructsTheschoolisgoingthe miletocreatethenextgenerationofsportingstarsthankstoitsuniquedevelopmentprogram.1. final B.further C.supplementary D.extra解析：D.extra.由于其獨(dú)特的進(jìn)展打算，學(xué)校正在為制造下一代體育明星而邁出一大步(更進(jìn)一步努力〕。gotheextramile“”拓展句型，ThePresidentisdetermined”togotheextramileforpeace’?？偨y(tǒng)決心“為實(shí)現(xiàn)和平而加倍努力”。Theteachers’union alawsuitagainstthedistrictcallingforrepairing“deplorable”schoolconditions.1. fired B.filed C.fined D.filled解析：B.filed.教師工會(huì)對(duì)該地區(qū)提起訴訟，要求修復(fù)“糟糕”的學(xué)校條件。詞匯辨析，file(Law~tofilealawsuit(againstsb)；teacher’suniondeplorablecondition，state〕~inadeplorablecondition下LastMarchthe ofa19thcenturycargoshipwasfoundbyanunderwaterarchaeologicalteam.1. debris B.ruins C.remains D.wreck/