英語(yǔ)演講-機(jī)器人簡(jiǎn)介課件

Fromdreamtoreality：

thedevelopmentofrobotReporter：SongMeiying

Thepurposeofcreatingrobots

Thousandsofyearshumanareburdenedbyheavylabor.Ifmachinecanfollowhuman'sinstructions,helpmankindtorelievehumanlabor,itwillgreatlyimprovetheproductionefficiency。

ThedevelopmentofrobotThefirststage——TheoreticalDevelopment(1920-1948)In1920，Czechoslovak（捷克斯洛伐克）WritersKarelCapek

（恰佩克卡雷爾）“LuoSamu‘suniversalrobot”wasfirstmentionedinRobota(Czech“drudgery,servitude”苦差事，奴役)，createa“robot”istheword.

In1942，

AmericansciencefictionwriterAsimov（阿西莫夫）putforwardthe"ThreeLawsofRobotics."。In1948，RobertWiener（

羅伯特·維納)published"Cybernetics",Offeredtothecomputerasthecoreofautomatedfactory.發(fā)表“控制論”,提出以計(jì)算機(jī)為核心的自動(dòng)化工廠。ThedevelopmentofrobotsThreeLawsofRoboticsThefirstrule

Robotmaynotinjureahuman,orsitbackanddonothinghurthumans;機(jī)器人不得傷害人類(lèi),或在人類(lèi)受到傷害時(shí)袖手旁觀

Thesecondrule

Unlesscontrarytothefirstrule,therobotmustobeyhumanorders;在不違反第一定律的前提下,機(jī)器人必須絕對(duì)服從人類(lèi)的命令

Thethirdrule

Withoutprejudicetothefirstandsecondlaw,therobotmustprotectthemselves. 在不違背第一和第二定律的前提下,機(jī)器人必須盡力保護(hù)自己。Willrobotcapturethehumanbeing?ThedevelopmentofrobotThefirststage-Theoreticaldevelopment(1954-1959)In1954，AmericanGeorgeDvol（喬治·德沃爾）createtheworld'sfirstprogrammablerobot,（可編程機(jī)器人）andregisteredpatents.In1959，

DvolandAmericaninverntorJosephF?Engelberger（英格伯格）inverntthefirstindustrialrobot（工業(yè)機(jī)器人）andfoundarobotcopany-

Unimation..industrialrobotThedevelopmentofrobotThesecondstage-Technologydevelopment(1962-1978)In1962-1963，Applicationofsensors（傳感器）toimprovetheoperabilityoftherobot.In1965，JohnsHopkinsUniversity(約翰霍普金斯大學(xué))AppliedPhysicsLaboratorydevelopedtheBeastrobot.In1969，Japan’sWasedaUniversity（早稻田大學(xué)）developedthefirstrobottowalkwithitsfeet.

In1978，UnimationcompanydevelopedindustrialrobotPUMAwhichmeanstheindustrialrobottechnologyhasfullymatured.Cornell”iswalkingforward

Thedevelopmentofrobot

Thethirdstage-Intelligent

roboticsdevelopment(1984-)In1997

,Honda(本田汽車(chē)公司）demonstratedtheIntelligent

robotics

ASIMO.ClassificationofrobotAccordingtothepurposeofrobotCivilianorServicerobot:helppeoplelivebetterIndustrialrobot:

increasetheefficientofmanufactureAgriculturalrobot：picking,weeding,fertilizing,etcmilitaryrobot:avoiddeath，fighting，searchUnderwaterrobot：diving，UnderwaterdetectionMedicalrobot：engagedinthemedicalorauxiliarymedical

………ClassificationofrobotsIndustrialrobot-canrelievehumanlabor,increasetheefficientofmanufacturetheManipulator&MachinehandTocarryandmanufacturethecar.FerrariproductionequipmentcarrierrobotholdLamborghiniintheproductionline.Asetofsix-axisrobotsusedforwelding(焊接）militaryrobotThissmalltacticalrobotnamed"SUGVs",itisasmallunmannedgroundinstallations,assemblingcameras,audiodevicesandothersensorsonthebattlefieldcanbefoundinreal-timeremoteexplosivedevice(IED),andrelatedpublicsafetythethreat.Itcancrawlintothestairs,androllitdifficulttoenterintothehumanordangerousareas.SUGVs小型戰(zhàn)術(shù)機(jī)器人,小型無(wú)人地面裝置,它裝配有相機(jī)，音響設(shè)備和其他傳感器，在戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)上可被用于實(shí)時(shí)遠(yuǎn)程爆炸(簡(jiǎn)易爆炸裝置),以及相關(guān)的公共安全威脅。它可以爬上樓梯,進(jìn)入人類(lèi)很難進(jìn)入的或危險(xiǎn)的區(qū)域。Medicalrobot-engagedinthemedicalorauxiliarymedicalMedicalnanoscalerobot

Medicalnanoscalerobotsiscurrentlyinthepilotphase,bigtoafewmillimeterslong,smalltoafewmicronsindiameter;Butcertainly,thenextfewyears,nanoscalerobotswillleadtoarevolutioninmedicine.Manyengineers,scientistsanddoctorsthink,medicalnanoscalerobotshaveunlimitedpotential-andoneofthemostlikelyinclude:treatmentofatherosclerosis,anti-cancer,removebloodclot,cleanthewound,helpbloodcoagulation,dispelparasites,treatgout,crushingkidneystones,artificialinseminationandthecellactivationenergy,makethepersonnotonlykeephealthy,andprolonglife.醫(yī)用納米機(jī)器人目前還處在試驗(yàn)階段，大到長(zhǎng)幾毫米，小到直徑幾微米；但可以肯定的是，未來(lái)幾年內(nèi)，納米機(jī)器人將會(huì)帶來(lái)一場(chǎng)醫(yī)學(xué)革命。許多工程師、科學(xué)家和醫(yī)生都認(rèn)為，醫(yī)用納米機(jī)器人有著無(wú)限的潛力——而其中最有可能的包括：治療動(dòng)脈粥樣硬化、抗癌、去除血塊、清潔傷口、幫助凝血、祛除寄生蟲(chóng)、治療痛風(fēng)、粉碎腎結(jié)石、人工授精以及激活細(xì)胞能量，使人不僅保持健康，而且延長(zhǎng)壽命。ThefuturevisionFiguredescribedintheisananoscalerobotsisgoingintotheredbloodcells

圖中描述的是一個(gè)納米機(jī)器人正在進(jìn)入紅細(xì)胞