2023版高考英語(yǔ)一輪總復(fù)習(xí)第1部分模塊知識(shí)復(fù)習(xí)Unit4NaturalDisasters課件新人教版必修第一冊(cè)

必修

第一冊(cè)UNIT4

NATURALDISASTERS假設(shè)你是校學(xué)生會(huì)主席李華，你校擬開(kāi)展“光盤(pán)行動(dòng)”號(hào)召同學(xué)們節(jié)約糧食，請(qǐng)你以學(xué)生會(huì)的名義寫(xiě)一則倡議書(shū)。內(nèi)容包括：1．活動(dòng)目的；2．活動(dòng)內(nèi)容；3．號(hào)召同學(xué)積極參加?！锩咳赵缤肀乇?典型寫(xiě)作范例注意：1．詞數(shù)80左右；2．可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。參考詞匯：光盤(pán)行動(dòng)ClearYourPlateDearschoolmates，_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________StudentUnion?高級(jí)詞匯積累realizev.意識(shí)到importancen.重要；重要性withthepurposeof…帶有/具有……的目的callon號(hào)召savefood節(jié)約糧食berequiredto…被要求……eatup吃光foodwaste食物浪費(fèi)inneed在危難中；在窮困中的takeanactivepart積極參與doone’spart盡自己的職責(zé)?豐富的句式結(jié)構(gòu)1．Anactivitycalled“Clear

Your

Plate”willbeheldinourschoolwiththepurposeofcallingonustorealizetheimportanceoffoodandsavingfood.(過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ))2．Wehopeeverybody

can

take

an

active

part

in

this

meaningful

activity

and

do

our

part

to

help

reduce

food

waste.(省略that的賓語(yǔ)從句)3．Asthenamesuggests,wearerequiredtoclearourplateswhile

eating

in

the

canteen.(while引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句的省略)?佳文背誦Dearschoolmates，Anactivitycalled“ClearYourPlate”willbeheldinourschoolwiththepurposeofcallingonustorealizetheimportanceoffoodandsavingfood.Asthenamesuggests,wearerequiredtoclearourplateswhileeatinginthecanteen.Thatmeansweshouldn’tordermorefoodthanthatwecaneatup.Inthisway,wecanreducefoodwasteandsavefoodforthoseinneed.Wehopeeverybodycantakeanactivepartinthismeaningfulactivityanddoourparttohelpreducefoodwaste.StudentUnion★課前語(yǔ)基夯實(shí)?高頻重點(diǎn)詞匯◎核心詞匯

會(huì)運(yùn)用1．__________n．&vt.營(yíng)救；救援2．__________vt.損害；破壞n.損壞；損失3．__________vt.摧毀；毀滅4．__________n.避難處；居所；庇護(hù)vt.保護(hù)；掩蔽

vi.躲避(風(fēng)雨或危險(xiǎn))rescue

damage

destroy

shelter

5．________vt.使落入險(xiǎn)境；使陷入圈套n.險(xiǎn)境；陷阱6．______n.援助；幫助；救援物資vi.&vt.幫助；援助7．________vt.&vi.碰撞；撞擊n.撞車(chē)；碰撞8．__________vt.&vi.打掃；清掃9．__________n.海浪；波浪vi.&vt.揮手；招手10．__________adj.鎮(zhèn)靜的；沉著的vt.使平靜；使鎮(zhèn)靜trap

aid

crash

sweep

wave

calm

11．_______n.洪水；大量vi.淹沒(méi)；大量涌入vt.使灌滿(mǎn)水；淹沒(méi)12．__________n.努力；艱難的嘗試；盡力13．__________n.突發(fā)事件；緊急情況14．__________n.智慧；才智15．__________vi.吹口哨；發(fā)出笛聲vt.吹口哨n.哨子(聲)；呼嘯聲flood

effort

emergency

wisdom

whistle

16．__________n．&vt.破壞；毀壞17．__________n.供應(yīng)(量)；補(bǔ)給；[pl.]補(bǔ)給品

vt.供應(yīng)；供給18．__________vi.&vt.侵襲；突擊；擊打

n.罷工；罷課；襲擊19．__________vt.埋葬；安葬ruin

supply

strike

bury【語(yǔ)境活用】根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思填寫(xiě)單詞1．Seeingtheboyapproaching,Tom________(吹口哨)tohisfriendatoncetokeephidden.2．Unfortunately,herchildwaswashedawayinthe________(洪水)．【答案】1．whistled

2．flood

3．Withsomanyminers________(使埋沒(méi))underthemine,noneoftherescueworkerswouldstoptohavearest.4．Theearthquakewassobigthatmostofthehousesinthesmallvillagewerecompletely________(摧毀)．5．Alargenumberofsoldiersweresentthereto________(拯救)thosetrappedinthebuilding.【答案】3．buried

4．destroyed

5．rescue

6．Asthislockis________(損壞),thisdoorwillneveropen!7．(2020·全國(guó)卷Ⅲ)Ifyoudo,youwon’tbeabletohandleitandthewholethingdevelopsintoanunpleasantsceneandthat________(破壞)everyone’sday.8．Someminerswere________(使落入險(xiǎn)境)undergroundafterthesuddencollapseofthemine.【答案】6．damaged

7．ruins

8．trapped

9．Chinesepeoplewould________(清掃)outtheirhousesbeforetheSpringFestival.10．Heoften________(提供)foodandclothingtothechildreninthemountainousareas.【答案】9．sweep

10．supplies◎拓展詞匯

能提升1．_______n.死；死亡→_____v.死亡→________adj.死亡的；已逝去的2．________n.震驚；令人震驚的事；休克vt.(使)震驚→__________adj.令人震驚的；駭人的→__________adj.(感到)震驚的death

die

dead

shock

shocking

shocked

3．__________n.電；電能→__________adj.電的；與電有關(guān)的→__________adj.用電的；電動(dòng)的；帶電的4．__________n.總結(jié)；概括；概要→__________n.金額；總數(shù)v．概括；總結(jié)5．__________vi.&vt.統(tǒng)一；(使)成一體→__________v.使……混合；使……聯(lián)合；使……團(tuán)結(jié)→__________adj.一致的；統(tǒng)一的；團(tuán)結(jié)的electricity

electrical

electric

summary

sum

unify

unite

united

6．__________vi.&vt.呼吸→__________n.呼吸；氣息→__________adj.氣喘吁吁的；喘不過(guò)氣來(lái)的7．__________vt.遭受；蒙受vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲傷等)受苦→__________n.痛苦；受難→__________n.受難者；患病者breathe

breath

breathless

suffer

suffering

sufferer

8．__________vi.生存；存活vt.

幸存；艱難度過(guò)→__________n.生存；幸存；幸存事物→__________n.生還者；幸存者9．__________n.電力供應(yīng)；能量；力量；控制力→__________adj.強(qiáng)有力的；強(qiáng)大的→____________adv.強(qiáng)烈地；有效地survive

survival

survivor

power

powerful

powerfully

10．__________vt.&vi.遞送；傳達(dá)vt.發(fā)表→__________n.傳遞；交付；遞送11．__________n.影響；結(jié)果；效果→__________vt.影響；疾病侵襲；深深打動(dòng)→__________adj.有效的；生效的12．__________n.長(zhǎng)；長(zhǎng)度→__________v.加長(zhǎng)；延長(zhǎng)→__________adj.長(zhǎng)的；冗長(zhǎng)的deliver

delivery

effect

affect

effective

length

lengthen

long

【語(yǔ)境活用】使用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1．Weoffercustomersafreehome________(deliver)service.2．Thetowniswithout________(electrical)andthewatersupplyhasbeencutoff.【答案】1．delivery

2．electricity

3．Theexpansionofhighereducationshouldbea________(power)forceforchange.4．Perhapsthemostdifficultchallengeishow________(survive)withoutfriendsinlife.5．It’sreportedthattwomajortelecommunicationproviderswill________(united)intoone.【答案】3．powerful

4．tosurvive

5．unite

6．Youmustlearn________regularly.Otherwise,youwillfeeloutof________aftersuchalongdistance.(breath)7．The65-year-oldSteveGoodwinwasfound________(suffer)fromearlyAlzheimer’sdisease(阿爾茨海默病)．8．Thisarea________bytheterribleflood,sowemusttake________measurestohelpitgothroughthedifficulties.(effect)【答案】6．tobreathe;breath

7．suffering

8．wasaffected;effective9．Istillremembervisitingafriendwho’dlivedhereforfiveyearsandI________(shock)whenIlearntshehadn’tcookedonceinallthattime.10．Theroadhasatotal________oftwomilesonly,sotheworkersdecideto________it.(long)【答案】9．wasshocked

10．length;lengthen?高頻短語(yǔ)串記firstaidkit;asif;inruins;inshock;intheopenair;onhand;be/becomeahometo;sweepaway;cometoanend;getbackuponone’sfeet;putup◎單元短語(yǔ)再現(xiàn)【語(yǔ)境活用】選用前面短語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式填空1．Aftertheterribleearthquake,allthehousesandbuildingsbecame________________.2．Herlifehasnot________________，andshealsodoesn’tknowwhatiswaitingforherahead.【答案】1．inruins

2．cometoanend3．Thebuffalo(野牛)thentriedtoliftitselfupwithgreatdifficulty,andaftersometimemanagedto________________.4．Itseemedasiftheworldwereatanend.Despitethis,allthepeopledecidedtoworkhardto__________________________thedisasterandrebuildtheirhome.【答案】3．getbackuponitsfeet

4．sweepaway5．Alwayshaveyourdictionary________________whenyoustudybecauseitisveryconvenientforyoutorefertoit.6．Hetalkedofothercultures________________theyweremorefamiliartohimthanhisown.【答案】5．onhand

6．a(chǎn)sif

7．Ifpeople________________awall,building,tent,orotherstructure,theyconstructitsothatitisupright.8．Herhusbandwaswithher,buttherewasbloodeverywhereandthewomanwasembarrassedandclearly________________.【答案】7．putup

8．inshock?重點(diǎn)句型仿寫(xiě)背原句明句型巧仿寫(xiě)Chickensandevenpigsweretoonervoustoeat,anddogsrefusedtogoinsidebuildings.雞甚至豬都緊張得不敢吃東西，狗也拒絕進(jìn)入建筑物內(nèi)。too…to太……而不能1．Thelittleboyis__________(太小而無(wú)法舉起)theheavystone.【答案】1．tooyoungtoraise/lift

背原句明句型巧仿寫(xiě)Itseemedasiftheworldwerecomingtoanend!好像世界末日到了！Itseems/seemedasif…看起來(lái)好像……2．Itseemedasifhe___________________________(已經(jīng)了解了)whathappenedjustnow.【答案】2．hadknownabout

背原句明句型巧仿寫(xiě)Water,food,andelectricitywerehardtoget.水、食物和電都很難得到。主語(yǔ)＋be＋adj.＋不定式3．Asweallknow,___________(空氣呼吸起來(lái)很舒服)inthemountainousareas.【答案】3．theairiscomfortabletobreathe

背原句明句型巧仿寫(xiě)However，dangerousconditionsanddamagedroadswillmakeitdifficulttodeliverfoodandsupplies.然而，危險(xiǎn)的環(huán)境和受損的道路將使糧食和供應(yīng)品難以運(yùn)送。makeitdifficulttodo…(it作形式賓語(yǔ))4．Theynotonly_________使人們很難睡著)atnight,buttheyaredoingdamagetoourhousesandshopsofhistoricalinterest.【答案】4．makeitdifficultforpeopletosleep★考點(diǎn)多維突破1．a(chǎn)ffectvt.影響；(疾病)侵襲；深深打動(dòng)【paraphrase】(1)Ifsomethingaffectsapersonorthing,itinfluencesthemorcausesthemtochangeinsomeway.(2)tomakeapersonfeelastrongemotion,especiallysadnessorpity?詞匯精磨【先精練】單句語(yǔ)法填空(1)(2020·江蘇卷)Bestofall,humorraisesyourenergy,andthatcanhaveaneffect________everythingyoudoatschool,atwork,orinyourpersonallife.【答案】(1)on/upon

(2)________(affect)withaseriousdisease,hewasnolongerabletospeakclearlyandheknewtherewasnohopeofrecovery.(3)Ifeelmuch________(affect)formymum,whosewordsandactionshaveapositiveeffect________me.【答案】(2)Affected

(3)affection;on/upon【再精寫(xiě)】句式升級(jí)(4)Manyyoungpeopleweredeeplyaffected/moved/touchedbyhisstoryandbegantodovolunteerworkforthedisabled.→

__________________hisstory,manyyoungpeoplebegantodovolunteerworkforthedisabled.(過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ))【答案】(4)Deeplyaffected/moved/touchedby(1)beaffectedby…

被……侵襲；被……感動(dòng)(2)effect(influence)n.作用；影響；效果；結(jié)果haveaneffect/influenceon…

對(duì)……產(chǎn)生影響takeeffect開(kāi)始生效comeintoeffect開(kāi)始生效(3)affectionn.[U]喜愛(ài)；鐘愛(ài)；慈愛(ài)haveanaffectionfor喜愛(ài)；喜歡【歸納拓展】【佳句背誦】Wearedeeplyaffectedbyhisdevotiontowork.他對(duì)工作的奉獻(xiàn)令我們深受感動(dòng)。Parentsworryabouttheeffectofmoviesontheirchildren’sbehaviour.家長(zhǎng)們擔(dān)心電影對(duì)他們孩子的行為產(chǎn)生影響。2．bury

vt.埋葬；安葬【paraphrase】toburysomethingmeanstoputitintoaholeinthegroundandcoveritupwithearth【先精練】單句語(yǔ)法填空(1)Thegirlwassittingonthebenchinthepark,________(bury)herheadinthebookinherhands.(2)Hestoodonthesidewalkwithhishands________(bury)inthepocketsofhisdarkovercoat.【答案】(1)burying

(2)buried【再精寫(xiě)】句式升級(jí)(3)Becauseheburiedhimselfinhisbook,hedidn’tnoticethatalltheothershadleft.→__________________，hedidn’tnoticethatalltheothershadleft.(現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ))→____________________，hedidn’tnoticethatalltheothershadleft.(過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ))【答案】(3)Buryinghimselfinhisbook;Buriedinhisbookbeburiedin/buryoneselfin埋頭于；專(zhuān)心于beburiedinthought沉思buryone’sfaceinone’shands雙手掩面【歸納拓展】【佳句背誦】Thepoorwomanwasburiedingriefafterhersondied.這個(gè)可憐的婦人在兒子死后一直沉浸在悲痛之中。Thearmyorganisedteamstodigoutthosewhoweretrappedandtoburythedead.軍隊(duì)組織隊(duì)伍去挖出被困者，埋葬死者。3．shockn.震驚；令人震驚的事；休克；

vt.(使)震驚【paraphrase】somethingsuddenlyhappenswhichisunpleasant,upsetting,orverysurprising【先精練】單句語(yǔ)法填空(1)Whenthetemperaturedrops,itcanbe________shockandmakeyoufeelevencolder.(2)Thereasonforthis________(shock)attackseemedtoberacialhatred.(3)Shewasso________(shock)thatshecouldhardlybringoutaword.【答案】(1)a

(2)shocking

(3)shocked【再精寫(xiě)】微寫(xiě)作(4)她所經(jīng)歷的是意料之中的文化沖擊。Whatshewasexperiencingwas_______________________inexpectation.【答案】(4)aculturalshock(1)Itshockedsb.tosee/hear…

看到/聽(tīng)到……使某人震驚(2)beashocktosb.對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō)是一個(gè)打擊inshock震驚；吃驚cultureshock文化沖擊【歸納拓展】(3)shockedadj.感到震驚的beshockedat/by…

對(duì)……感到震驚beshockedtodosth.對(duì)做某事感到震驚(4)shockingadj.令人震驚的It’sshockingthat…

……是令人震驚的?！炯丫浔痴b】Itshockedthemtohearthatthehospitalwasclosingdown.聽(tīng)說(shuō)醫(yī)院要關(guān)閉了，他們很震驚。Severalofthosewhosurvivedtheaccidenthavebeentakentohospitalinastateofshock.有好幾個(gè)在事故中幸存下來(lái)的人被送到醫(yī)院時(shí)處于休克狀態(tài)。4．survive

vi.生存；存活

vt.幸存；艱難度過(guò)【paraphrase】Ifapersonorlivingthingsurvivesinadangeroussituationsuchasanaccidentoranillness,theydonotdie.【先精練】單句語(yǔ)法填空(1)Humanlifeisregardedaspartofnatureand,assuch,theonlywayforus_______(survive)istoliveinharmonywithnature.(2)Aftertheplanecrash,whatthe________(survive)coulddowastowaitforrescueonthisdesertisland.(3)Ifhecouldn’tfindhiswayoutoftheforest,therewouldbelittlechanceof________(survive)．【答案】(1)tosurvive

(2)survivors

(3)survival【再精寫(xiě)】句式升級(jí)(4)Afterwesurvivedthatnight,wewereconfidentthateverythingelsewouldbeallright.→________________________，wewereconfidentthateverythingelsewouldbeallright.(現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ))【答案】(4)Havingsurvivedthatnight(1)survive＋n.(thefire/earthquake/accident…)survivetheearthquake在地震中幸免于難從(火災(zāi)/地震/事故等)中生還surviveon靠……維持生活；靠……存活下來(lái)(2)survivaln.幸存；[C]遺物；幸存物(3)survivorn.幸存者；死里逃生的人【歸納拓展】【佳句背誦】Tohelpthemsurvive,weneedtopreservetheirhabitats.為了幫助它們生存，我們需要保護(hù)它們的棲息地。Inextremepoverty,thehouseholdscannotmeetbasicneedsforsurvival.在極端貧困中，家庭無(wú)法滿(mǎn)足基本的生存需要。5．supplyvt.供應(yīng)；供給

n.供應(yīng)(量)；補(bǔ)給；[pl.

]補(bǔ)給品【paraphrase】anamountorquantityofsomethingthatisavailabletouse;thingssuchasfood,medicine,andequipmentthatyouneedtoliveortoperformaparticularactivity;toprovidesomeoneorsomethingwithsomethingthattheyneedorwant【先精練】單句語(yǔ)法填空(1)Whathappenswhenfoodandpetrol________(supply)runlow?(2)Thatwilltaketime,however,andpatienceis________shortsupply.(3)Hereintherestaurant,wecansupplythebestservice________you.【答案】(1)supplies

(2)in

(3)for【再精寫(xiě)】微寫(xiě)作(4)不要忘記所有的狗都需要喝新鮮的水。Don’tforgetthatalldogsneed________________________________.【答案】(4)asupplyoffreshwatertodrink(1)supplysb.withsth.＝supplysth.to/forsb.給某人提供某物supplytheelectricity/water/gas供應(yīng)電力/水/煤氣(2)supplyanddemand供求關(guān)系medical/reliefsupplies醫(yī)療用品/救援物資inshortsupply供應(yīng)不足；缺乏asupplyof…

……的供應(yīng)/提供【歸納拓展】【佳句背誦】ThisbookwillsupplysomescientificmethodstousinEnglishlearning.這本書(shū)將為我們學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)提供一些科學(xué)的方法。Ireplacedthetapsandreconnectedthewatersupply.我更換了水龍頭再次接通了自來(lái)水?！久麕燑c(diǎn)擊】“提供給某人某物”的表達(dá)：providesb.withsth.(providesth.forsb.)；offersb.sth.(offersth.tosb.)6．cometoanend結(jié)束【paraphrase】drawtoanendorbringaclosetosomething【先精練】單句語(yǔ)法填空(1)Ifyoudon’tknowwhatyouwant,youmightendup________(get)somethingyoudon’twant.(2)Whenthemeetingscameto________end,Kafkapresentedherwithadoll.(3)Wetakehavingan________(end)supplyofcleanwaterforgranted.【答案】(1)getting

(2)an

(3)endless【再精寫(xiě)】微寫(xiě)作(4)如果他們輕率地對(duì)待這場(chǎng)比賽，他們可能會(huì)以出洋相收?qǐng)?。Iftheytakethisgamelightly，theycould________________________eggontheirfaces.【答案】(4)endupwith(1)putanendto結(jié)束……bring…toanend結(jié)束endupdoingsth.以做某事結(jié)束endupwith…

以……結(jié)束intheend(attheendof)最終；終于(2)endlessadj.無(wú)止境的；無(wú)休止的【歸納拓展】【佳句背誦】TheEnglishclassendedupwithabeautifulsong.英語(yǔ)課以一首優(yōu)美的歌曲結(jié)束了。Theshowcametoanendinthelaughteroftheaudience.演出在觀眾的笑聲中結(jié)束了。1．(教材P50)Itseemedasiftheworldwerecomingtoanend!好像世界末日要來(lái)了！?句型精講【先精練】單句語(yǔ)法填空(1)________seemsasiftheshoesweremadetoherownmeasure.(2)Sheranveryquicklyasifsomeone________(be)afterher.【答案】(1)It

(2)were

【再精寫(xiě)】微寫(xiě)作(3)看起來(lái)好像女士更難提升到公司的最高職位。________________________it’smoredifficultforwomentogettothetopofthecompany.【答案】(3)Itseemsasif【句法分析】語(yǔ)法現(xiàn)象asif/though意為“仿佛；好像”，引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)(1)asif引導(dǎo)的從句表示的情況是真實(shí)的或是極有可能發(fā)生的，從句要用陳述語(yǔ)氣；(2)當(dāng)說(shuō)話(huà)人所陳述的是不真實(shí)的情況時(shí)，從句要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣語(yǔ)法現(xiàn)象asif/though意為“仿佛；好像”，引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句虛擬結(jié)構(gòu)(1)如果與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反，從句謂語(yǔ)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，be動(dòng)詞用were；(2)如果與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反，從句謂語(yǔ)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，即“had＋過(guò)去分詞”；(3)如果與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反，從句謂語(yǔ)要用“would/could/might＋動(dòng)詞原形”【佳句背誦】Ididn’tfeelasthoughIneededtokeepupwithanybodyelse;Iwasfinallywithpeerswhounderstoodme.我覺(jué)得自己沒(méi)有必要追隨別人；我終于和理解我的同學(xué)們?cè)谝黄鹆耍?陳述語(yǔ)氣)(2020·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)Ialwaysread,usingdifferentvoices,asthoughIwereactingoutthestorieswithmyvoiceandtheylovedit!我總是用不同的聲音閱讀，就好像我在用我的聲音表演故事，他們喜歡它！(與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反)2．(教材P50)Water,food,andelectricitywerehardtoget.水、食物和電難以獲得。【先精練】單句語(yǔ)法填空(1)Theproblemlooksrathereasy,butasamatteroffact,itisveryhardtodeal________.(2)Thequestionputforwardbythestudentisnoteasy________(figure)out.【答案】(1)with

(2)tofigure【再精寫(xiě)】微寫(xiě)作(3)在一年的四個(gè)季節(jié)中，夏天是我最喜歡的季節(jié)。早晨的空氣呼吸起來(lái)棒極了。Amongthefourseasonsinayear,summerismyfavourite.Themorningairis__________________________________.(4)雖然李萍不健談，但與她相處不難。WhileLiPingisnotatalkativegirl,____________________.【答案】(3)goodtobreathe

(4)sheisnotdifficulttogetalongwith【句法分析】語(yǔ)法現(xiàn)象主語(yǔ)＋be＋adj.＋不定式結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)此結(jié)構(gòu)中，用不定式的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義前提條件(1)不定式和句子的主語(yǔ)之間構(gòu)成邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系；(2)常用形容詞有：good,difficult,hard,easy,comfortable,interesting,exciting等【佳句背誦】Thereisaverycomfortableseatforyoutositon.有一個(gè)很舒服的座位給你坐。(2019·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)ThebacteriaintheInternationalSpaceStationarehardtogetridof.國(guó)際空間站里的細(xì)菌很難去除。【名師點(diǎn)擊】不定式和句子的主語(yǔ)之間構(gòu)成邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系；若不定式為不及物動(dòng)詞，其后應(yīng)該加相應(yīng)的介詞。※真題長(zhǎng)難句精講精析(2021·全國(guó)乙卷)Thesedaysyou’dbehardpressedtofindanyoneinAustraliaovertheageof15whodoesn’townamobilephone.[句式解構(gòu)]句中thesedays是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)；本句主語(yǔ)為_(kāi)_______，“whodoesn’townamobilephone”為who引導(dǎo)的________；介詞短語(yǔ)inAustralia表地點(diǎn)。[句意翻譯]______________________________________________________________________________Keys：[句式解構(gòu)]you；限制性定語(yǔ)從句[句意翻譯]如今，在澳大利亞，你很難找到一個(gè)15歲以上的人沒(méi)有手機(jī)。★能力優(yōu)化集訓(xùn)◎課文語(yǔ)法填空StrangethingshappenedbeforeTangshanEarthquakehappened.1.__________(smell)gascameoutfromthecracksofwellsandanimalsbecametoonervous2.__________(eat).At3：42onthemorningof28July,1976,everythingbegantoshake.【答案】1．Smelly

2．toeat

?課本回放Itseemedas3.__________theworldwerecomingtoanend！Soonthewholecitylay4.__________ruinsandmorethan400,000peoplewerekilledorbadlyinjuredinthequakeandnearlyeverythinginthecity5.________(destroy).Peoplewere6.__________(shock)atthisandwonderedhowlongthedisasterwouldlast.【答案】3．if

4．in

5．wasdestroyed

6．shockedSoldiersweresenttodigoutthosewhoweretrappedandtobury7.__________dead.Workersbuiltsheltersfor8.________(survive).Withstrongsupportfromthegovernmentandthetireless9.__________(effort)ofthecity’speople,everythingimprovedandthecitybeganto10.__________(breath)again.【答案】7．the

8．survivors

9．efforts

10．breathe◎語(yǔ)境填詞tap;survive;rescue;staycalm;shelter;keepawake;falldownIfanearthquakestrikes,whatcanwedoto1.________________？【答案】1．survive

First,2.________________.Whentheearthquakestarts,youshouldn’trundownstairsinshock,but3.________________yourselfunderadeskoratable,forthedamagedstairscan4.________________easily.【答案】2．staycalm

3．shelter

4．falldown

Second,trytosaveenergy.Trappedinruins,don’tcryforhelpallthetime.Youshouldencourageyourselftoholdon.Makesureyou5.________________.Besides,doeverythinginyourpowertosaveyourselfactivelywhenwaitingfor6.________________.It’shelpfulto7.________________thingstosendsignalsforhelp.【答案】5．keepawake

6．rescue

7．tap【語(yǔ)境辨義】根據(jù)語(yǔ)境寫(xiě)出黑體詞的詞性及含義1．(2020·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)Sincelightingisoftenfarremovedfromthepowersource—suchasthedistancefromapowerplanttostreetlampsonaremotehighway—alotofenergyislostduringtransmission.____________【答案】1．n.電力供應(yīng)?技能提升2．Hehadarealgiftforha