2019年高考英語第一輪單元測試-必修1 Unit5

必修1Unit5NelsonMandelaamodernhero能力演練一、語法填空專題訓(xùn)練（一）巧用派生詞，做好語法填空?技巧點(diǎn)撥要做好高考語法填空題中的詞語派生題，關(guān)鍵是掌握詞語搭配關(guān)系，然后將所給單詞變成該搭配所需要的形式。因此，請理解并牢記下表內(nèi)容。句子成分概念描述所處語境適用詞類主語什么人或什么事、動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者句子最前面，冠詞、物主代詞、some,any,other等不定代詞后名詞、代詞、不定式、動(dòng)名詞賓語動(dòng)作的對象、承受者及物動(dòng)詞或介詞后，冠詞、物主代詞、some,any,other等不定代詞后謂語表明主語干什么或是什么主語后動(dòng)詞表語說明主語的身份、特征或狀態(tài)系動(dòng)詞后形容詞、名詞、少數(shù)副詞、介詞短語、分詞補(bǔ)足語補(bǔ)充說明主語或賓語賓語或被動(dòng)式謂語后定語修飾或限定名詞或代詞名詞前，something等不定代詞后形容詞狀語修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞或整個(gè)句子動(dòng)詞前后，形容詞或副詞前，句首副詞?活學(xué)活用閱讀下面短文，用括號中所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。Afathersatathisdesklookingatandcarefullystudyinghis1(month)billwhenhisyoungsonrushedinandannounced,aDad,becausethisisyourbirthdayandyouare55yearsold,Imgoingtogiveyou55kisses,oneforeachyear!”Butthefatherexclaimed,“Oh,Peter,dontdoitnow.Imtoobusy!”Theboyimmediatelyfell2(silence)astearsrolleddownfromhisbigblueeyes.3(apologize)thefathersaid,“Youcanfinishlater.wTheboysaidnothingbut4(quiet)walkedaway,5(disappont)writtenoverhisface.Thateveningthefathersaid,“Comeandfinishthekissesnow,Peter!Buttheboydidntrespond.6(fortunate),theboyhadanaccidentandwasdrowned.Hisheartbrokenfatherwrote,“IfonlyIcouldtellhimhowmuchIregretmy7(thought)wordsandcouldbeassuredthatheknowshowmuchmyheartisaching.”Loveisatwowaystreet.Anylovingactmustbe8(warm)acceptedoritwillbetakenas9(reject)andcanleaveascar.Nothingismore10(importance)thanrespondingwithlovetothecryforlovefromthosewhoarenearandprecioustous.二、完形填空閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從「15各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Iwasasingleparentoffoursmallchildren,workingatalowpaidjob.ButIdidntwantmychildrentoknowwewerepoor,sowhenChristmaswasdrawingnear,Idecidedtogivethemsomemoneytobuysome1.

Theyplannedweeksaheadoftime,asking2whattheywantedforChristmas.Fortunately,Ihadsaved$120for3tosharebyallfiveofus.Thebig4arrived.Igaveeachkidatwentydollarbilland5themtolookforgiftsofaboutfourdollarseach.KJP3』Theneveryonescattered（散開）.Wehadtwohourstoshop;thenwewould6backatthe“Santa'sWorkshop”.Drivinghome,everyonewasinhighChristmasspirits,7myyoungerdaughter,Ginger,whowasunusually8.Shehadonlyonesmall,flatbagwithafewcandiesfiftycentcandies!Iwassoangry,butIdidntsayanything9KJP3』wegothome.IcalledherintomybedroomandclosedtheKJP2』door,10tobeangryagain.Thisiswhatshetoldme.“Iwaslooking11thinkingofwhattobuy,andI12toreadthelittlecardsonthe'GivingTrees’.Onewasforalittlegirl,fouryearsold,andallshe13forChristmaswasadoll（玩具娃娃）.SoItookthecardoffthetreeand14thedollforher.Wehavesomuchandshedoesnthaveanything.”Ineverfeltso15asIdidthatday.B.flowersD.books1.A.giftsC.candiesB.flowersD.booksA.theotherC.onebyoneA.toysA.theotherC.onebyoneA.toysC.presentsA.dayC.chequeA.forcedB.clothesD.billsB.chanceD.treeB.remindedC.invitedC.invitedA.drawC.moveA.includingC.exceptA.quietC.happyA.sinceC.whileA.waitingC.hopingA.outC.forwardA.forgotC.failedA.wantedC.invitedA.drawC.moveA.includingC.exceptA.quietC.happyC.invitedA.drawC.moveA.includingC.exceptA.quietC.happyA.sinceC.whileA.waitingC.hopingA.outC.forwardA.forgotC.failedA.wantedD.beggedB.stayD.meetB.besides

D.regardingB.excitedD.ashamedB.afterD.untilB.readyD.afraidB.overD.aroundB.stoppedD.hateddidgotA.madeC.boughtA.angryC.patient三、閱讀理解D.playedB.searchedD.fetchedB.richD.bitter?方法點(diǎn)撥有時(shí)候，邏輯推理和自身的生活經(jīng)驗(yàn)及普通常識能幫助我們確定詞義。如:例1：Thesnakeslitheredthroughthegrass.根據(jù)有關(guān)蛇的生活習(xí)性和知識，我們可以推出snither的詞義為“爬行”。例2：Fishesliveinwaterandhavefinswhichhelpthemtoswim.Mostfisheshaveslimyskinscoveredwithscales,butinfishessuchaseelsthescalesareverysmallandcanhardlybeseen.憑常識我們不難猜出fins,slimy和scales的確切意思分別是“鰭”、“滑溜的”和“鱗”，對于eels一詞，我們只需知道是fish的一種（鰭魚類）就行了。例3：Notwantingtodisturbthesleepingkitten,Igingerlyliftedherfromtheboxandputheronablanketneartheheater.根據(jù)前半句的Notwantingtodisturb（不愿打擾），我們便可大致推測出gingerly一詞的含義：“小心翼翼地”。?活學(xué)活用（一）根據(jù)上述技巧，猜測下列劃線詞的詞義。Themanwalkedbrisklytokeepwarmontheverycoldnight.ThedoorwassolowthatIhitmyheadonthelintel.Whenadoctorperformsanoperationonapatient,heusuallygivesananaesthetictomakehimunconscious,becausehedoesnotwanthispatienttofeelpainortoknowwhatishappeningtohim.Ifyouarecapableofworkingtwelvehoursadaywithoutarest,andifyoucanengageinphysicalexerciseforhourswithoutseemingtogettired,thenyouareindefatigable.Thousandsofpeoplegotstuckinlifts.Butnoonepanicked,wepassedthetimetellingstories.（二）閱讀下列短文，按要求完成讀寫任務(wù)。（2009年全國卷H）Iknowyou*rethinking:Pizza（比薩餅）？Forbreakfast?Butthetruthisthatyoucanhavelastnighfsleftoverintheamifyouwantto.Iknowlotsofwomenwhoskipbreakfast（不吃早餐），andtheyhaveatonofdifferentexcusesfordoingit.Somesaytheydonthavetime,othersthinktheyaresavingcalories（卡路里），stillothersjustdon'tlikebreakfastfood.Butthebottomlineisthateatinginthemorningisveryimportantwhenyouaretryingtoloseweight."Eatingjustaboutanythingfrom300to400calorieswouldbebetterthannothingatall,"saysKatherineBrooking,R.D,whodevelopedthesupereasyeatingplanforthisyear*sSELFCHALLENGE."Andevenpizzacanbehealthyifitsloadedwithvegetables,andyousticktoonesmallpiece.”BreakfastisonemealInevermiss,andthesamegoesformostweightlosssuccessstories.Researchshowsthateatingbreakfastkeepsyoufromovereatinglateintheday.ResearchersattheUniversityofSouthernCaliforniafoundthatbreakfastskippershaveabiggerchanceofgainingweightthanthosewhoregularlyhaveamorningmeal.Soeatsomethinginthemorning,anything.Iknowplentyoffriendswhoenduphavingnobreakfastaltogether,andhavejustcoffeeororangejuice.Isay,tryheatinguplastnightsleftovers-itmay-soundcrazy,butifitworksforyou,doit!IfindifItellmyself,“Youcanalwayseatittomorrow,”Iputawaytheleftoversinsteadofeatingmorethatnight.Tryit.Youmaysaveyourselfsomeprebedtimecalories.Andwatchyourbodygainthefatburningeffects!I.根據(jù)所讀短文，寫一篇30詞左右的摘要。IL根據(jù)短文，選擇最佳答案。Theword“l(fā)eftovers”inParagraph1probablymeans.foodremainingafteramealthingsleftundonemealsmadeofvegetablespizzatoppedwithfruitWhatcanweinferfromthepassage?Workingwomenusuallyhavebreakfastinahurry.Manypeoplehavewrongideasaboutbreakfast.Therearesomeeasywaysofcookingameal.Eatingvegetableshelpssaveenergy.Accordingtothelastparagraph,itisimportantto.eatsomethingforbreakfastbecarefulaboutwhatyoueatheatupfoodbeforeeatingiteatcaloriecontrolledfoodThetextiswrittenmainlyforthose.whogotoworkearlywhowanttoloseweightwhostayuplatewhoeatbeforesleepWhatdoestheunderlinedsentencemean?Skippingbreakfastishelpfulifyouwanttoloseweight.Eatingbreakfastwillmakeyoufatter.Eatingbreakfastcanhelploseweight.Youcan'tloseweightwithoutbreakfast.參考答案1.monthly2.silent.Apologetically.quietly.disappointment.Unfortunately.thoughtless.warmly.rejection10.important二、.解析:母親打算給孩子們買些圣誕禮物。答案：A.解析：由"Ihadsaved$120forpresentstosharebyallfiveofus."可知，孩子們彼此詢問對方需要什么樣的禮物，故選B。答案：B.解析：由上下文信息可知，這120美元是用來買“禮物”的，故C正確。答案：C.解析:根據(jù)語境可知“購物的那一天終于到了"，故選A。答案:A.解析:forcesb.todosth."迫使某人做某事"；remindsb.todosth.“提醒某人做某事"；invitesb.todosth,“邀請某人做某事”；begsb.todosth,“乞求某人做某事"。根據(jù)語境可知，“我”提醒孩子們留意大約4美元一份的禮物，故選B。答案：B.解析:drawback“收回"；無stayback;moveback返回來；meet相遇，遇見。由語境可知，我們有兩個(gè)小時(shí)的購物時(shí)間，然后我們回來在“SantasWorkshopw見面。答案：D.解析:A.including包括在內(nèi)；B.besides作介詞時(shí)等同于including;C.except除以外（不包括在內(nèi)）等同于but;D.regarding關(guān)于。根據(jù)文意：開車回家時(shí)，除了我的小女兒Ginger以外，每個(gè)人都處于一種高度興奮的狀態(tài)，Ginger是非比尋常的安靜。答案：c.解析:A.quiet安靜的；B.excited興奮的；C.happy高興的；D.ashamed羞恥的。根據(jù)此整句意思可知選A。答案；A.解析:not...until...直到……才，據(jù)句意可知：我很生氣，但是直到到家我才開始說話。答案：D.解析:根據(jù)語境可知：我把她叫到我的臥室，關(guān)上房門，準(zhǔn)備要發(fā)火。readytodo準(zhǔn)備好做某事。bewaitingtodo等著做某事；behopingtodo希望做某事；beafraidtodo不敢做某事。答案：B.解析:lookout小心；lookover俯瞰；lookforwardto盼望；lookaround四下觀看。根據(jù)語意，故選D。答案：D.解析:forgottodo忘記要做某事；stoptodo停下來去做某事；failtodo做某事失敗；hatetodo不喜歡做某事。根據(jù)語意可知：我正在四下觀望想著買什么，而且我停下來去讀“許愿樹”上的小卡片，故選B。答案：B.解析:圣誕節(jié)她想要的是一個(gè)玩具娃娃。allshewanted她