考研考博-英語-大連汽車職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-大連汽車職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Hardlyanything____morethanhappinessofseeingsomeoneusinghisdevicefortreatment.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.pleasehim

B.doespleasehim

C.doeshimplease

D.pleaseshim

【答案】D

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.pleasehim使他開心B.doespleasehim確實(shí)使他開心

C.doeshimplease確實(shí)是他開心D.pleaseshim使他開心

【答案】D

【考查點(diǎn)】主謂一致

【解題思路】該句的主語為anything“任何事情”，是一個(gè)不定代詞，不定代詞做主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞使用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。選項(xiàng)中的please為本句的謂語，其第三人稱單數(shù)形式為pleases，him為本句的賓語。因此，D選項(xiàng)pleaseshim“使他開心”滿足語法要求。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)pleasehim，沒有使用第三人稱單數(shù)；

B選項(xiàng)doespleasehim，雖然hardly放在句首時(shí)一般需要部分倒裝，但是，本句沒有在主語anything的前面挖空，does的位置不對(duì)。另外，hardly放在句首也可以不使用部分倒裝，只是這樣就不表示強(qiáng)調(diào)了；

C選項(xiàng)doeshimplease，與B選項(xiàng)相同，does的位置不對(duì)，另外，him是賓語，應(yīng)在please的后面。

【句意】沒有什么比看到有人用他的設(shè)備治療更讓他高興的了。

2.單選題

Excellentfilmsarethosewhich（

）nationalandculturalbarriers.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.transcend

B.traverse

C.abolish

D.suppress

【答案】A

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)transcend“勝過，超越”；B選項(xiàng)traverse“穿過；C選項(xiàng)abolish“廢除，取消”；D選項(xiàng)suppress“抑制”。

句意：優(yōu)秀的電影是那些超越國家和文化障礙的電影。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

3.單選題

Itisclearthathumanhistorywillend;theonlymysteryiswhen.Itisalsoclearthatifthetimingislefttonature(or,ifyouprefer,toGod)andhumanshangonuntilthebloodyend,therace’sfinalexitwillbeignoble.Iffuturegenerationsescapethesaurianagonyofextinctionbyawanderingchunkofrockorice,thesun’sunavoidablegrowthtogiant-hoodwillstillburntheirlastsuccessorstoashes:onlycindersandgasesanddustwillremain.

Farfuturegenerationsmightprolongtheprocessbypostingcoloniesbeyondtheearth’sorbit,butthesewouldbesadoutpostsattheendofthesolarsystem’slongday,clutchingmemoriesofalostplanetandofbillionsofsacrificedsouls.Thedifficulties—fantasticdifficulties—ofinterstellartravelmightbeovercome,butthemightiestofstarshipscoulddonomorethandefertheendoftheworld.Anignobleexistencehoppingfromplanettoplanet—clingingtoeachcloduntilit,initsturn,wasvaporizedorfrozen—mightstillbebearablewereitnotfortheknowledgeofitsfinaluselessness.Intheend,thereisonlydeathbygravityorentropy,thefieryquantumpitortheheatlessgreysoup.

ThegreatviolinistJaschaHeifetzwasgreatnotleastbecausehequittheconcertstageathispeak,beforetheshowbecamestaleortheaudiencedriftedaway.Toexitgracefullyissublime,asHeifetzunderstood.Andonlyonespeciesiscapableofchoosingasimilarlygracefulexit;allothersmarchonlikerobots.Tocalltimeonthehumanracebychoice,notnecessity,wouldbethefinalvictoryofthehumanspiritoveranimalnature,anabsoluteemancipationfromthecommandofDNA.Preciselybecausenootherknownlife-formcoulddoorevenconceivesuchathing,humanitymust.

Moresciencehasrevealedonlyoneplaceintheuniversethatishospitabletointelligentlife,andhumansaretheonlyintelligencethat,asfarasisknown,haseverenjoyedtheopportunitytooccupyit.Ifpeopleleftthestageafterareasonablerun,inthefullnessoftimeintelligencecouldevolveagain(dolphin-people?Chimp-people?Orchid-people?).Andthen,induecourse,whenthisnewspeciesdecipheredhumanbooksorreachedthemarkerthatmightbeleftforthemonthewindlessmoon,theywouldknowthatmanendedhisdominionsothattheirsmightbegin.Imagine,then,howtheywillregardus.Itis,farandaway,thegreatestactofgoodnessevercontemplated,theennoblementofawholespecies;anact,almost,ofangels.

1.Accordingtothepassage,whatmightbehumanbeing’sbestchoiceaboutitsfuture?

2.Whatdoes“interstellartravel”serveaccordingtothewriter?

3.ThewritercitesJaschaHeifetz’sexamplemainlybecause______.

4.Accordingtothepassage,whatmaybethereasonforhumanbeing’sleavingthestage?

5.Thewriterthinkshumanbeing’sleavingthestagecanbeanyofthefollowingBUT______.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Leavingthetimingtonature.

B.Thesaurian-likeelimination.

C.Beingeliminatedbythesun’sunavoidablegrowthtogianthood.

D.Leavingthetimingtohumanbeingitself.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Apracticalwaytoescapetheendoftheworld.

B.Nothingmorethanpostponingtheendoftheworld.

C.Awayhoppingfromplanettoplanet.

D.Awaytoescapefromgravity.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.heisafamousviolinist

B.hequitstheconcertstageathispeak

C.hequittingthestagegivessomeinspirationtohumanbeings

D.heisadornedbyhisaudience

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Theforceofthenature.

B.TheforceoftheGod.

C.Humanbeing’srationality.

D.ThecommandofDN

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.thegreatestactofgoodnessevercontemplated

B.theennoblementofawholespecies

C.anact,almost,ofangels

D.humanbeing’shavingnoalternative

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】1.判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第三段“Toexitgracefullyissublime,asHeifetzunderstood.Andonlyonespeciesiscapableofchoosingasimilarlygracefulexit;allothersmarchonlikerobots.Tocalltimeonthehumanracebychoice,notnecessity,wouldbethefinalvictoryofthehumanspiritoveranimalnature,anabsoluteemancipationfromthecommandofDNA.（正如海菲茲所理解的，優(yōu)雅地退出是崇高的。只有生物物種能夠選擇同樣優(yōu)雅的退出；其他所有人都像機(jī)器人一樣前進(jìn)。選擇而非必然地呼喚人類的時(shí)間，將是人類精神對(duì)動(dòng)物本性的最終勝利，是人類從DNA的控制下的絕對(duì)解放。）”，由此表明人類應(yīng)該自愿地選擇結(jié)束，即作者認(rèn)為，人類應(yīng)該用自己的理性控制退出的時(shí)間，因此D選項(xiàng)“把時(shí)間留給人類自己”正確。根據(jù)第一段中的“...ifthetimingislefttonatureandhumanshangonuntilthebloodyend,therace’sfinalexitwillbeignoble.（……如果把時(shí)間留給大自然，人類堅(jiān)持到血腥的結(jié)局，種族的最后退出將是不光彩的。）”可知本文不支持A選項(xiàng)“把時(shí)間留給大自然”的做法；B選項(xiàng)“像蜥蜴一樣的消滅”和C選項(xiàng)“被太陽不可避免的長(zhǎng)成的巨大的遮光罩所消滅”都還是屬于由自然的力量結(jié)束人類的做法，同樣不能作為本題答案。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第二段“Thedifficulties—fantasticdifficulties—ofinterstellartravelmightbeovercome,butthemightiestofstarshipscoulddonomorethandefertheendoftheworld.（星際旅行的困難——難以想象的困難——也許能被克服，但是最強(qiáng)大的星際飛船也只能推遲世界末日的到來。）”，由此可知B選項(xiàng)“無非是推遲世界末日”說法正確。A選項(xiàng)“一個(gè)逃離世界末日的實(shí)用方法”說法錯(cuò)誤，文中作者提到了“fantasticdifficulties（難以想象的困難）”，由此可知星際旅行要面臨很多問題，因此并不是一個(gè)很實(shí)用的方法；C選項(xiàng)“是從一個(gè)星球登上另一個(gè)星球的方式”文中沒有具體提到；D選項(xiàng)“逃離地心引力的方法”文中也沒有提到。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

3.判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第三段，作者引用JaschaHeifetz的例子主要是為了指出下文中的觀點(diǎn)：“Toexitgracefullyissublime,asHeifetzunderstood.Andonlyonespeciesiscapableofchoosingasimilarlygracefulexit;allothersmarchonlikerobots.（正如海菲茲所理解的，優(yōu)雅地退出是體面的。只有一種物種能夠選擇同樣優(yōu)雅的退出；其他所有都像機(jī)器人一樣前進(jìn)。）”，例子最有助于說明這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)的就是他在鼎盛時(shí)期退出舞臺(tái)，因此B選項(xiàng)“他在巔峰時(shí)期退出了音樂會(huì)舞臺(tái)”正確。A選項(xiàng)“他是一個(gè)著名的小提琴家”和D選項(xiàng)“他很受觀眾的歡迎”文中第三段開頭雖然有提到，但是都與支持文本的觀點(diǎn)無關(guān)；C選項(xiàng)“他的退場(chǎng)給了人類一些啟示”文章沒有提到，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第三段最后一句話“Preciselybecausenootherknownlife-formcoulddoorevenconceivesuchathing,humanitymust.（正是因?yàn)闆]有其他已知的生命形式可以做，甚至設(shè)想這樣的事情，人類必須這樣做）”以及前文中提到的人類應(yīng)該選擇體面的退出，由此不難看出退出是人類的理性使然，因此C選項(xiàng)“人類的理性”正確。A選項(xiàng)“自然的力量”和B選項(xiàng)“上帝的力量”作者在第一段中已經(jīng)否定了，作者提到如果依靠自然的或者上帝的力量，人類的退出將會(huì)是不光彩的；根據(jù)文章第三段“Tocalltimeonthehumanracebychoice,notnecessity,wouldbethefinalvictoryofthehumanspiritoveranimalnature,anabsoluteemancipationfromthecommandofDNA.（以選擇而不是必然的方式呼喚人類的時(shí)間，將是人類精神對(duì)動(dòng)物本性的最終勝利，是對(duì)DNA命令的絕對(duì)解放。）”可知人類應(yīng)該擺脫DNA的控制來理性的選擇退出，所以D選項(xiàng)“DNA的控制”不正確，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

5.判斷推理題。第四題提到人類的退出是種理性的選擇，就可否定D選項(xiàng)“人類別無選擇”。A選項(xiàng)“有史以來最偉大的善舉”和B選項(xiàng)“整個(gè)物種的崇高”以及C選項(xiàng)“幾乎是天使的行為”作者都有在文章最后提到“Itis,farandaway,thegreatestactofgoodnessevercontemplated,theennoblementofawholespecies;anact,almost,ofangels.（這是遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)地，有史以來最偉大的善舉，整個(gè)物種的崇高；幾乎是天使的行為。）”，因此作者認(rèn)為人類的退出是崇高的善舉，天使的行為。因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

4.單選題

Asyouareplanningforavacation,Isuggestyougotoatravelagencyandaskforaholiday（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.introduction

B.advertisement

C.book

D.brochure

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。introduction“介紹，前言，入門”；advertisement“廣告”；book“書”；brochure“小冊(cè)子，手冊(cè)”。句意：由于你準(zhǔn)備度假，我建議你去旅行社找本假日手冊(cè)。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

5.單選題

（）dullhemaybe,heiscertainlyaverysuccessfultopexecutive.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Although

B.Whatever

C.As

D.However

【答案】D

【解析】考查讓步狀語的連接詞。修飾形容詞dull的詞必須為副詞，although和as是連詞，后面接句子，因此排除A和C；whatever后面接名詞，因此排除B。howeverdullhemaybe表示不管他有多遲鈍，因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

6.單選題

Heisanyonewhobelievesthatwill,reason,andpurposearerealandsignificant;thatvalueandjusticeareaspectsofarealitycalledgoodandeviland[A]restuponsomefoundationotherthancustom;thatconsciousnessissofarfrom[B]beingamereepiphenomenonthatitisthemosttremendousofactualities;thatthe[C]unmeasuredmaybesignificant;or,tosumitallup,thatthosehumanrealities[D]whichsometimesseemtoexistonlyinthehumanmindaretheperceptionsofthemind.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.rest

B.being

C.unmeasured

D.which

【答案】C

【解析】考查詞形。對(duì)應(yīng)前面的“themosttremendousofactualities”，C選項(xiàng)unmeasured應(yīng)該表示“不可估量的”，這是錯(cuò)誤的形式，原形應(yīng)該來自measurable，它的否定形式是immeasurable。

7.翻譯題

ItisnotdifficulttobepessimisticaboutthefutureofEuropeanbusiness.

ComparedwiththeawesomestrengthofAmericaandtherawpowerofemergingAsia,Europeissometimesportrayedasahas-been,excellinginluxurygoods,finefood,winesandfashionbutweigheddownbytoomanyoldindustriesandoldideas.Frommicrochipstomicrobes,pooroldEuropeseemstotrailinAmerica’sandAsia’swake.

AmericaenjoysawesomeadvantagesoverEurope.Itisahuge,trulysinglemarketwitharelativelyyouthful,growingpopulation.Itistheworld’seconomicsuperpower,withmuchhigherproductivitythanitscompetitors(thoughproductivitygrowthhasrecentlybeendisappointing,andlastyearwasslightlybelowEurope’s).Ithasworld-classuniversitiesthatworkhandinglovewithbusinesses.AmericanshavenotonlywonmoreNobelprizes,theyhaveturnedmorescientificadvancesintoprofitablebusinessesthananyoneelse.Manyofthesefirmshavegoneontobecomethegiantsofmodernbusiness.

ItmayhavebeenaBritishscientist,SirTimBerners-Lee,workingatalaboratoryinSwitzerland,whoinventedtheworldwideweb,butAmericaisthehomeoftheInternetandallthebusinesssectorsithasspawned.

AndevenwhereEuropeisholdingitsownagainstAmerica,itseemsunabletoretainitsadvantage.Boeingdriftedbadlyinthe1990sasEurope’sAirbusmadestrides,buthavingmergedwithMcDonnellDouglas,theAmericangiantbouncedback.ItisnowtakingmarketsharefromtheEuropeans.

America’seconomicgrowth,averaging2.5%ayearsince2001,hasreflectedthisdynamicbusinessculture,whereasEuropehasmanagedanaveragegrowthrateofbarely1.5%overthesameperiod,thoughthepacehaspickedupinthepastyear.Europe’ssluggishperformanceisoftenputdowntothepoorbusinessclimate.Rigidlaborlawsandstrongunionsmakeitdifficultforfirmstofireredundantworkersandunattractivetohirenewones.ProductmarketsarenotascompetitiveasAmerica’s,andthesingleEuropeanmarkethasyettobecomearealityinareassuchasbankingandservices.

Corporategovernancetooisvariable:transparentandworld-classinBritain,butofteninadequateincontinentalEurope.Moreover,Europeangovernmentsliketomeddle.Francehasdrawnupalistofstrategicindustries,includingcasinos,thatitthinksneedspecialprotectionfromforeigntakeovers.EvenSpain,withitsnewAnglo-Saxonbusinessculture,triedtostopaGermanutilityfromtakingoveraSpanishpowercompany.TelecomItalia’sattemptstohiveoffitsmobile-phonebusinessbecamehighlypoliticized.

ManyEuropeanpoliticiansarefearfulabouttheeffectsofglobalizationandtheriseofChinaandIndia.CertainlyAsiahasbeenmakingitselfmorestronglyfeltinEuropeinrecentyears.JapannowhascarfactoriesinFranceandtheCzechRepublicaswellasinBritain,andimportsfromSouthKorea’sresurgentcarindustryhavebeencausingdifficultiesatRenaultandPSAPeugeotCriterion.India’sTataGrouptooisplanningtoexportcarstosomesouthernandeasternEuropeanmarketswheretheywillprovidemorecompetitionforthetraditionalwestEuropeanmanufacturers.

【答案】美國經(jīng)濟(jì)走勢(shì)讓人肅然起敬,日益崛起的亞洲生機(jī)勃勃,而歐洲則如昔日黃花,過分追求奢侈品、時(shí)尚和美酒佳肴。落后的產(chǎn)業(yè)和陳舊的觀念壓得歐洲氣喘吁吁。微芯片也好,微生物也罷,可憐的老朽歐羅巴似乎在步美國和亞洲的后塵。

即使是歐洲本土能與美國抗衡的產(chǎn)業(yè)似乎也難以為繼。20世紀(jì)90年代,歐洲空客公司大踏步前進(jìn),而波音公司發(fā)展十分緩慢,但同麥克唐納-道格拉斯公司合并以后,美國的這家巨型企業(yè)迅速反彈,正在搶占空客的歐洲份額。

此外,歐洲各國政府也喜歡插上一腳。法國列出了一些戰(zhàn)略發(fā)展產(chǎn)業(yè),連博彩業(yè)也包括在內(nèi),因?yàn)榉▏J(rèn)為該產(chǎn)業(yè)需要特別保護(hù)以防外國兼并。甚至西班牙在新盎格魯-薩克遜商業(yè)文化影響下,也阻止德國公用事業(yè)公司接管西班牙電力企業(yè),而意大利電信公司試圖從該國移動(dòng)電話領(lǐng)域分離出去竟成為高度政治化的事件。

8.單選題

Likemostfathersandsons,wefought；itwasacoldwarlastingfromthe（）ofmyadolescenceuntilIwentofftocollegein1973.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.setback

B.onset

C.drawback

D.offset

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。setback“挫折，退步”；onset“著手，開始；攻擊，進(jìn)攻”；drawback“缺點(diǎn)，不利條件”；offset“抵消，補(bǔ)償”。句意：如同大部分父子，我們爭(zhēng)吵；有一次冷戰(zhàn)是從我的年少時(shí)期一直持續(xù)到1973年我上大學(xué)。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

9.單選題

IntheSpringExportCommoditiesFairthe（

）offinechinaattractedmuchattentionofcustomersfromallovertheworld.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.succession

B.array

C.string

D.procession

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。succession意為“一系列，繼承”；array意為“大量，大堆，陣列”；string意為“細(xì)繩，一串”；procession意為“隊(duì)伍，行列”。

句意：在春季出口商品大會(huì)上，陳列精美的瓷器吸引了來自世界各地的客戶的廣泛關(guān)注。

10.單選題

Thosewhowelcomedtherailwaysawitasmorethanarapidandcomfortablemeansofpassing.Theyactuallysawitasfactorinworldpeace.Theydidnotforeseethattherailwaywouldbejustonemoremeansfortherapidmovementofaggressivearmies.Noneofthemforesawthatthemorewearetogether,themorechancesthereareofwar.Anyboyorgirlwhoisoneofalargefamilyknowsthat.

Wheneveranynewinventionisputforward,thoseforitandthoseagainstitcanalwaysfindmedicalmentoapproveorcondemn.Theanti-railwaygroupproduceddoctorswhosaidthattunnelswouldbemostdangeroustopublichealth.Theywouldproducecolds,catarrhs（粘膜炎）andconsumptions（肺癌）.Thedeafeningnoiseandtheglareoftheenginefirewouldhaveabadeffectonthenerves.Further,beingmovedthroughtheairatahighspeedwoulddograveinjurytodelicatelungs.Inthosewithhighblood-pressure,themovementforthetrainmightproduceapoplexy（中風(fēng)）.Thesuddenplungingofatrainintothedarknessofatunnel,andtheequallysuddenrushintofulldaylight,wouldcausegreatdamagetoeyesight.Butthepro-railwaygroupwasofcourseabletoproduceequallyfamousmedicalmentosayjusttheopposite.Theysaidthatthespeedandswingofthetrainwouldequalizethecirculationpromotedigestion,tranquilizethenerves,andensuregoodsleep.

Theactualrolling-stockwasanythingbutcomfortable.Ifitwasatestofendurancetosixforfourhoursoutsideacoachinrain,orinsideindirtyair,therailwayofferedlittlemoreinthewayofcomfort.Certainlythefirst-classcarriageshadcushionedseats;butthesecond-classhadonlynarrowbareboards,whilethethird-classhadnothingatall;noseatsandnoroof;theywerejustopentruckssothatthird-classpassengersgainednothingfromthenewmodeexceptspeed.

Awriterintheearlydaysofrailwayswrotefeelinglyofbothsecond-andthird-classcarriages.Hemadethesuggestionthatthedirectorsoftherailwaysmusthavesentallovertheworldtofindthehardestpossiblewood.Oftheopenthird-classtruckshesaidthattheyhadthepeculiarpropertyofmeetingtherainfromwhateverquarteritcame.Hedescribethemashorizontalshower-baths,fromwhosesearchingpowertherewasnoescape.

1.Allboysandgirlsinlargefamiliesknowthat（

）.

2.Accordingtothosewhowelcomedtherailway,therailwayitselfshouldincludeallthefollowingexcept（

）.

3.Accordingtotheanti-railwaygroup,allthefollowingsaretruebut（

）.

4.Wemaysafelyconcludethat（

）

5.Whatisthetoneofthepassage?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.aboyandagirlusuallyfightwhentheyaretogether.

B.peopletendtobetogethermorethantheyusedtobe

C.alotofpeoplebeingtogethermakesfightslikely

D.railwayleadstheworldtopeace

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.therailwayenablespeopletotravelfast

B.therailwaybringscomforttopeople

C.therailwaymakestheworldpeaceful

D.therailwayleadstheworldtowar.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.tunnelsaredangeroustopublichealth.

B.thenoiseandtheglareoftheenginefiremayaffectpeople’snerves

C.therapidspeedthroughtheairdoesdamagetopeople’slungs.

D.tothosewithhighblood-pressure,therapidspeedofthetraincausesthemtodie

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.theauthorbelongstotheanti-railwaygroup

B.theauthorbelongstothefor-railwaygroup

C.theauthorspeakshighlyoftherailway

D.theauthormaynevertaketrainbecauseofitspotentialdangers.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Practical

B.Neutral

C.Humorous

D.Exaggerated

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】1.文章第一段Noneofthemforesawthatthemorewearetogether,themorechancesthereareofwar.Anyboyorgirlwhoisoneofalargefamilyknowsthat提到他們都沒有預(yù)見在一起的人越多，戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的可能性就越大。任何一個(gè)大家庭的男孩或者女孩都知道。選項(xiàng)C符合題意，“很多人在一起可能打架”。

2.文章第一段第一句thosewhowelcomedtherailwaysawitasmorethanarapidandcomfortablemeansofpassing.Theyactuallysawitasfactorinworldpeace提到那些歡迎鐵路的人認(rèn)為鐵路不僅僅是一種快速且舒適的通行方式，實(shí)際上他們還認(rèn)為它（鐵路）是構(gòu)成世界和平的因素，由此可推斷選項(xiàng)D“鐵路引領(lǐng)世界走向戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)”是錯(cuò)誤的。

3.文章第二段inthosewithhighblood-pressure,themovementforthetrainmightproduceapoplexy提到對(duì)于那些有高血壓的人來說，火車的快速的移動(dòng)可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致中風(fēng)，由此可知選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

4.文章第三段第一句theactualrolling-stockwasanythingbutcomfortable提到火車沒有一點(diǎn)舒適感，然后作者又強(qiáng)調(diào)了鐵路的不利因素，比如車?yán)锩娴目諝獠?，座位分一二三等，環(huán)境舒適度不一樣等。由此可知，作者是反對(duì)鐵路的群體。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

5.文章最后一段最后兩句話提到在開放的三等列車中，他們擁有一種特殊的資源，即可以在任何一個(gè)季度遇到雨水。作者將其描述為水平方向的淋雨，可知說辭是比較幽默的。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

11.翻譯題

Itwasableak,rainyday,andIhadnodesiretodriveupthewindingmountainroadtomydaughterCarolyn’shouse.ButshehadinsistedthatIcomeandseesomethingatthetopofthemountain.

Turningdownanarrowtrack,weparkedthecarandgotout.Wewalkedalongapaththatwasthickwitholdpineneedles.Hugeblackgreenevergreenstoweredover.Graduallythepeaceandsilenceoftheplacebegantofillmymind.Thenweturnedacorner—andIstoppedandgaspedinamazement.

Fromthetopofthemountain,slopingforseveralacresacrossfoldsandvalleyswereriversofdaffodilsinradiantbloom.Aprofusionofcolor—fromthepalestivorytothedeepestlemontothemostvividsalmon—blazedlikeacarpetbeforeus.Itlookedasthoughthesunhadtippedoverandspilledgolddownthemountainside.

Ariotofquestionsfilledmymind.Whocreatedsuchbeauty?Why?How?

Asweapproachedthehomethatstoodinthecenteroftheproperty,wesawasign:ANSWERSTOTHEQUESTIONSIKNOWYOUAREASKING.Thefirstanswerwas:ONEWOMAN—TWOHANDS,TWOFEETANDVERYLITTLEBRAIN.Thesecondwas:ONEATATIME.Thethird:STARTEDIN1958.

Aswedrovehome,IwassomovedbywhatwehadseenthatIcouldscarcelyspeak.“Shechangedtheworld,”Ifinallysaid,“onebulbatatime.Shestartedalmost40yearsago,probablyjustthebeginningofanidea,butshekeptatit.”Thewonderofitwouldnotletmego.“Imagine,”Isaid,“ifI’dhadavisionandworkedatit,justalittlebiteveryday,whatmighthaveIaccomplished?”

【答案】【參考譯文】凄風(fēng)細(xì)雨，山路蜿蜒，我毫無興致驅(qū)車前往女兒卡羅琳的家。可女兒一定要我前去看看山頂上的景致。

轉(zhuǎn)過一條狹窄的小道我們停下車出來，沿著鋪滿厚厚一層松針的小路走去。頭頂上高大的墨綠色常青樹聳入云霄。漸漸地這地方的平和寧靜開始令我陶醉。然后我們拐了個(gè)彎，我停下了腳步，驚詫不已。

從山頂往下好幾英畝的山坡上，滿是怒放的水仙花，猶如江河直下，越過山坳，穿過峽谷，一片五彩繽紛：有潔凈無比的象牙白，有極其濃郁的檸檬黃，有鮮艷奪目的鮭魚橙，如同一幅地毯展現(xiàn)在我們而前，令人眼花繚亂。仿佛太陽傾翻了，把一片金光溢瀉到了山坡上。

一大堆問題在我的腦海中翻騰。誰創(chuàng)造了這種美景？為什么要?jiǎng)?chuàng)造？又是如何創(chuàng)造的？

我們走近這塊寶地中央的屋子，只見一塊牌子上寫著：我知道你要問的問題，答案如下。答案一：一位婦女，一雙手，兩只腳，而且天資不高。答案二：一次種一株。答案三：開始于1958年。

驅(qū)車回家的路上，我為所見的一切感動(dòng)不已，無言以對(duì)?！八脑炝耸澜?，”我終于說道?！耙淮畏N一株。她幾乎40年前就開始了。當(dāng)時(shí)也許只是一念之閃，但她持之以恒。”這一奇觀令我回味良久?！霸囅?，”我說道，“如果我有一個(gè)夢(mèng)想，并為之努力，每天干一點(diǎn)，最后我會(huì)做出怎樣的成績(jī)呢？”

12.單選題

Hestood（）amongathousanddimlyimaginedpossibilities.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.faltering

B.wavering

C.pausing

D.hesitating

【答案】B

【解析】詞義辨析題。faltering蹣跚,

猶豫的,

支吾的；wavering搖擺的,猶豫不決；pause暫停,

躊躇；hesitating

猶豫的。句意：他在一千種模模糊糊想象出來的可能性中猶豫不決。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

13.單選題

Airpollution（

）tomanykindsofdiseases.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.confirms

B.communicates

C.consumes

D.contributes

【答案】D

【解析】考察動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。confirm“確認(rèn)；確定；證實(shí)”；communicate“傳達(dá)；感染；顯露”；consume“消耗，消費(fèi)”；contribute“貢獻(xiàn)，捐獻(xiàn)”。contributeto“有助于，捐獻(xiàn)”。句意：空氣污染導(dǎo)致各種疾病。

14.單選題

Awisemanoncesaidthattheonlythingnecessaryforthetriumphofevilisforgoodmentodonothing.So,asapoliceofficer,Ihavesomeurgentthingstosaytogoodpeople.

DayafterdaymymenandIstruggletoholdbackatidalwaveofcrime.Somethinghasgoneterriblywrongwithouronce—proudAmericanwayoflife.Ithashappenedintheareaofvalues.Akeyingredientisdisappearing,andIthinkIknowwhatitis:accountability.

Accountabilityisn’thardtodefine.Itmeansthateverypersonisresponsibleforhisorheractionsandliablefortheirconsequences.

Ofthemanyvaluesthatholdcivilizationtogether—honesty,kindness,andsoonaccountabilitymaybethemostimportantofall.Withoutit,therecanbenorespect,notrust,nolaw—and,ultimately,nosociety.

Myjobasapoliceofficeristoimposeaccountabilityofpeoplewhorefuse,orhaveneverlearned,toimposeitonthemselves.Butaseverypolicemanknows,externalcontrolsonpeople’sbehaviorarefarlesseffective,thatinternalrestrainssuchasguilt,shameandembarrassment.

Fortunatelytherearestillcommunities—smallertowns,usually—whereschoolsmaintaindisciplineandwhereparentsholdupstandardsthatproclaims:“Inthisfamilycertainthingsarenottolerated—theysimplyarenotdone.

Yetmoreandmore,especiallyinourlargercitiesandsuburbs,theseinnerrestraintsareloosening.Yourtypicalrobberhasnone.Heconsidersyourpropertyhisproperty;hetakeswhathewants,includingyourlifeifyouenragehim.

Themaincauseofthisbreak-downisaradicalshiftinattitudes.Thirtyyearsago,ifacrimewascommitted,societywasconsideredthevictim.Now,inashockingreversal,it'sthecriminalwhoisconsideredvictimized:byhisunderprivilegedupbringing,bytheschoolthatdidn'tteachhimtoread,bythechurchthatfailedtoreachhimwithmoralguidance,bytheparentswhodidn'tprovideastablehome.

Idon'tbelieveit.Manyothersinequallydisadvantagedcircumstanceschoosenottoengageincriminalactivities.Ifwefreethecriminal,evenpartly,fromaccountability,webecomeasocietyofexcuseswherenooneacceptsresponsibilityforanything.

WeinAmericadesperatelyneedmorepeoplewhobelievethatthepersonwhocommitsacrimeistheoneresponsibleforit.

1.Whatthewisemansaidsuggeststhat（）.

2.Accordingtotheauthor,ifapersonisfoundguiltyofacrim（）.

3.Comparedwiththoseinsmalltowns,peopleinlargecitieshave（）.

4.Thewriterissorrytohavenoticedthat（）.

5.Thekeypointofthepassageisthat（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.it'sunnecessaryforgoodpeopletodoanythinginfaceofevil

B.it'scertainthatevilwillprevailifgoodmendonothingaboutit

C.it’sonlynaturalforvirtuetodefeatevil

D.it'sdesirableforgoodmentokeepawayfromevil

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.societyistobeheldresponsible

B.moderncivilizationisresponsibleforit

C.thecriminalhimselfshouldbeartheblame

D.thestandardsoflivingshouldbeimproved

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.lessself-discipline

B.bettersenseofdiscipline

C.moremutualrespect

D.lesseffectivegovernment

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.peopleinlargecitiestendtoexcusecriminals

B.peopleinsmalltownsstillsticktoolddisciplineandstandards

C.today'ssocietylackssympathyforpeopleindifficulty

D.peopleindisadvantagedcircumstancesareengagedincriminalactivities

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.stricterdisciplineshouldbemaintainedinschoolsandfamilies

B.moregoodexamplesshouldbesetforpeopletofollow

C.morerestrictionsshouldbeimposedonpeople'sbehavior

D.morepeopleshouldacceptthevalueofaccountability

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】1.文章第一句話awisemanoncesaidthattheonlythingnecessaryforthetriumphofevilisforgoodmentodonothing提到曾經(jīng)以為智者說過壞人勝利的唯一條件是好人什么都不做。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

2.文章最后一段提到在美國急需更多的人知道犯罪的人應(yīng)該自己承擔(dān)責(zé)任。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

3.文章第七段yetmoreandmore,especiallyinourlargercitiesandsuburbs,theseinnerrestraintsareloosening提到城市和城鎮(zhèn)中，人們?cè)絹碓饺狈ψ月?。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

4.文章倒數(shù)第三段提到幾十年前，當(dāng)罪犯犯罪之后，社會(huì)被認(rèn)為是受害者，而現(xiàn)在，罪犯反而被認(rèn)為是受害者，罪犯得到開脫，作者認(rèn)為這是令人震驚的。由此可見，作者對(duì)這種情況是非常不滿的。所以選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

5.文章主要的目的是提醒人們應(yīng)該承擔(dān)責(zé)任，并且對(duì)于為罪犯開脫這種做法很不滿，認(rèn)為犯罪的人應(yīng)該承擔(dān)相應(yīng)的責(zé)任。不然長(zhǎng)此以往，犯罪會(huì)增多，社會(huì)也會(huì)面臨瓦解。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

15.單選題

Thechieffoodseateninanycountrydependlargelyon______bestinitsclimateandsoil.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.itgrows

B.whatgrows

C.doesitgrow

D.whatdoesitgrow

【答案】B

【解析】考查語法。dependon后面應(yīng)該接賓語從句。A選項(xiàng)缺少that引導(dǎo)賓語從句；B選項(xiàng)剛好與后面內(nèi)容組成賓語從句；C和D都是疑問句式，不能選；句意：一個(gè)國家的主要食物是什么，大體取決于什么作物在其天氣和土壤條件下生長(zhǎng)得最好。因此，該題正確答案為B。

16.單選題

Ifeachrepresentativepresentheremakeshisusualspeech,themeetingwillbe（

）morethananhour.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.expanded

B.prolonged

C.delayed

D.exceeded

【答案】B

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)expand“擴(kuò)張”；B選項(xiàng)prolong“延長(zhǎng)”；C選項(xiàng)delay“延遲”；D選項(xiàng)exceed“超過”。句意：如果每位出席的代表都像往常一樣發(fā)言，會(huì)議將延長(zhǎng)一個(gè)多小時(shí)。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

17.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

Therearefewhabitsasinfuriatingassomeonemakinguswait.But,despitewhatmayberunningthroughyourmindasyou’rekeptwaitingagain,it’sunlikelyyourfriendsandcolleaguesarejustbeingselfish.Alookintothepsychologyoflatenessoffersaglimpseintoamindthatmaybemalfunctioning.Butthere’salsomorethanonefix.

Perceptionsofunpunctualpeoplearealmostalwaysnegative—evenifmisguided.

“Itiseasytoperceivethemasdisorganised,chaotic,rudeandlackinginconsiderationforothers,”saysHarrietMellotte,acognitivebehaviouraltherapistandaclinicalpsychologistintraininginLondon.“Outsideofmyclinicalpractice,othersbeinglateissomethingthatcanparticularlygetundermyskin!”

But,manylatepeopleareatleastsomewhatorganisedandwanttokeepfriends,familyandbosseshappy.Thepunctually-challengedareoftenexcruciatinglyawareandashamedofthedamagetheirlatenesscoulddototheirrelationships,reputations,careersandfinances.

“Whiletherearethosewhogetachargeoutofkeepingotherswaiting,ifyou’retypical,youdislikebeinglate,”DianaDeLonzorwritesinherbookNeverBeLateAgain.“Yettardinessremainsyournemesis.”

Someexcuses,particularlyforacutelateness,arefairlyuniversallyaccepted—anaccidentorillness,forexample.Butothersaren’tsoeasytoswallow.Somelatepeoplewillpassitoffasasymptomofbeingbig-thinkingandconcernedwithloftiermattersthantime-keeping,asanendearingquirk,amarkofdoingone’sbestworkunderpressure,orhavingthebodyclockofanightowlratherthanalark.

Joanna,ateacherinLondonwhodidn’twanthersurnameused,saysherreputationforbeingunpunctualcansometimesbeattributedtoadifferenceinopinion.“Afriendwillaskmetocomeover,andthey’llsay‘comeanytimefromseven,’”shesays.“ButifIdoturnupateightorlater,they’reannoyed.”

Beingconsistentlylatemightnotbeyourfault.Itcouldbeyourtype.Thepunctually-challengedoftensharepersonalitycharacteristicssuchasoptimism,lowlevelsofself-control,anxiety,orapenchantforthrill-seeking,expertssay.Personalitydifferencescouldalsodictatehowweexperiencethepassingoftime.

48.Theword“infuriating”inParagraph1mostprobablymeans________.

49.WhichoneofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutunpunctualpeop