考研考博-英語-山西青年職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解3

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-山西青年職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共100題)1.單選題

Itisreportedthatoverathirdofthepopulationinthatareahaveno（

）tothehealthservice

問題1選項

A.approach

B.access

C.admission

D.acquaintance

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。havenoaccessto“無法獲得某事”。句意：據(jù)報道該地區(qū)超過三分之一的人無法獲得衛(wèi)生服務(wù)。選項B符合題意。

2.單選題

The（

）ofaculturalphenomenonisusuallyalogicalconsequenceofsomephysicalaspectinthelifestyleofthepeople.

問題1選項

A.manifestation

B.implementation

C.expedition

D.demonstration

【答案】A

【解析】名詞辨析題。manifestation表現(xiàn)，顯示；implementation實現(xiàn)，履行；expedition遠(yuǎn)征；demonstration示范，證明。句意：文化現(xiàn)象的

通常是人們生活習(xí)慣中某些物質(zhì)方面的邏輯結(jié)果。選項A更符合語境，所以正確。

3.單選題

Largeanimalsthatinhabitthedeserthaveevolvedanumberofadaptationsforreducingtheeffectsofextremeheat.Oneadaptationistobelightincolor,andtoreflectratherthanabsorbthesun’srays.Desertmammalsalsodepartfromthenormalmammalianpracticeofmaintainingaconstantbodytemperature.Insteadoftryingtokeepdownthebodytemperaturedeepinsidethebody,whichwouldinvolvetheexpenditureofwaterandenergy,desertmammalsallowtheirtemperaturestorisetowhatwouldnormallybefeverheight,andtemperaturesashighas46degreesCelsiushavebeenmeasuredinGrant’sgazelles.Theoverheatedbodythencoolsdownduringthecolddesertnight,andindeedthetemperaturemayfallunusuallylowbydawn,aslowas34degreesCelsiusinthecamel.Thisisanadvantagesincetheheatofthefirstfewhoursofdaylightisabsorbedinwarmingupthebody,andanexcessivebuildupofheatdoesnotbeginuntilwellintotheday.

Anotherstrategyoflargedesertanimalsistotoleratethelossofbodywatertoapointthatwouldbefatalfornon-adaptedanimals.Thecamelcanloseupto30percentofitsbodyweightaswaterwithoutharmtoitself,whereashumanbeingsdieafterlosingonly12to13percentoftheirbodyweight.Anequallyimportantadaptationistheabilitytoreplenishthiswaterlossatonedrink.Desertanimalscandrinkhugevolumesinashorttime,andcamelshavebeenknowntoimbibe（吸收）over100litersinafewminutes.Averydehydratedperson,ontheotherhand,cannotdrinkenoughwatertorehydrateatonesession,becausethehumanstomachisnotsufficientlybigandbecauseatoorapiddilutionofthebodyfluidscausesdeathfromwaterintoxication.Thetoleranceofwaterlossisofobviousadvantageinthedesert，asanimalsdonothavetoremainnearawaterholebutcanobtainfoodfromgrazingsparsepastures.Desert-adaptedmammalshavethefurtherabilitytofeednormallywhenextremelydehydrated.Itisacommonexperienceinpeoplethatappetiteislostevenunderconditionsofmoderatethirst.

1.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

2.Whylightincolorisimportanttolargeanimalsindeserts?

3.Whatwillbefataltonon-adaptedanimals?

4.Whatdoestheauthorimplyaboutdesert-adaptedmammals?

5.WhatisthefollowingstrategyNOTmentionedbytheauthor?

問題1選項

A.Animalsdevelopeddifferentstrategiestosurvive.

B.Largeanimalscantakestrategiestoreducetheeffectofextremeheat

C.Animalscantoleratethelossofbodywater.

D.Averydehydratedpersoncandrinkenoughwatertorehydrate

問題2選項

A.Ithelpedthemmaintainaconstantnormalbodytemperature.

B.Itreflectsratherthanabsorbsthesun-light

C.Ithelpsthemseetheirpeersatnight

D.Ithelpsthemkeepcoolduringthenight

問題3選項

A.Keepinganormalbodytemperature

B.Drinkingpollutedwater

C.Drinkinghugevolumesofwaterinashorttime

D.Feedingwhendehydrated

問題4選項

A.Theydonotneedtoeatmuchfood.

B.Theycaneatlargequantitiesquickly

C.Theyeasilylosetheirappetites

D.Theycantravellongdistanceslookingforfood.

問題5選項

A.Thebodytemperaturecanbeextremelyhighandcold

B.Toleratethelossofbodywaterandreplenishitimmediately

C.Lostappetiteundertheconditionofmoderatethirsty

D.Tobelightincolor

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】第1題:主旨大意題。本文主要內(nèi)容是：為了降低酷熱的影響，生活在沙漠中的大型動物已經(jīng)進化來適應(yīng)這種環(huán)境，如：顏色變淺，調(diào)節(jié)體溫，忍受身體水分喪失等。因此，A項“動物發(fā)展出不同的生存策略”符合文章大意。

第2題:細(xì)節(jié)事實題。第一段指出：Oneadaptationistobelightincolor,andtoreflectratherthanabsorbthesun’srays（一種適應(yīng)是讓自己顏色變淺，反射而不是吸收太陽光線）。由此可知，淺色對沙漠中的大型動物很重要，是因為淺色反射太陽光。故選B項。

第3題:細(xì)節(jié)事實題。第二段指出：Averydehydratedperson,ontheotherhand,cannotdrinkenoughwatertorehydrateatonesession,becausethehumanstomachisnotsufficientlybigandbecauseatoorapiddilutionofthebodyfluidscausesdeathfromwaterintoxication（另一方面，一個極度脫水的人，不能一次性地喝大量的水來補充所缺水分，因為人的胃不夠大，而且體液的迅速稀釋會導(dǎo)致水中毒而引起死亡）。因此，C項“短時間飲大量的水”正確。

第4題:判斷推理題。A:它們不需要吃很多食物。B:它們可以快速地大量進食。A項與B項在文中并未被提及。C:它們很容易失去食欲。第二段指出：Desert-adaptedmammalshavethefurtherabilitytofeednormallywhenextremelydehydrated（適應(yīng)沙漠的哺乳動物還有在極度脫水時正常進食的能力）。因此C項不符合原文所述。D:它們可以長途跋涉尋找食物。第二段指出：Thetoleranceofwaterlossisofobviousadvantageinthedesert,asanimalsdonothavetoremainnearawaterholebutcanobtainfoodfromgrazingsparsepastures（在沙漠中，能夠忍受水分流失是一個明顯的優(yōu)勢，這樣動物不必待在水源附近，而是可以從廣闊的牧場獲得食物）。由此可知，能忍受水分流失的動物能長途跋涉來喂飽自己。因此D項正確。

第5題:細(xì)節(jié)事實題。A:體溫可以非常高和低。第一段指出：desertmammalsallowtheirtemperaturestorisetowhatwouldnormallybefeverheight（沙漠哺乳動物允許它們的體溫上升到一般認(rèn)為發(fā)燒的溫度），以及：indeedthetemperaturemayfallunusuallylowbydawn,aslowas34degreesCelsiusinthecamel（事實上，到黎明時分，氣溫會降得異常低，駱駝體內(nèi)的溫度會低到34攝氏度）。因此A項有被提及。B:忍受體內(nèi)水分的流失，并立即補充水分。第二段指出：Anotherstrategyoflargedesertanimalsistotoleratethelossofbodywatertoapointthatwouldbefatalfornon-adaptedanimals（大型沙漠動物的另一種策略是忍受體內(nèi)水分的流失，這種流失對那些還沒有適應(yīng)環(huán)境的動物來說是致命的）,以及：Anequallyimportantadaptationistheabilitytoreplenishthiswaterlossatonedrink（一種同樣重要的適應(yīng)能力是在一次飲水中補充損失的水分）。因此B項有被提及。C:中度口渴的情況下沒有食欲。D:顏色變淺。第一段指出：Oneadaptationistobelightincolor,andtoreflectratherthanabsorbthesun’srays（一種進化是讓自己變成淺色，反射而不是吸收太陽光線）。因此D項也有被提及。四個選項中，只有C項不是沙漠動物為適應(yīng)環(huán)境形成的進化，故選C。

4.單選題

Hesatthereswiggingbeerandsmoking.

問題1選項

A.sucking

B.lapping

C.Gulping

D.sipping

【答案】D

【解析】考查同義動詞辨析。A選項sucking“吸，吮吸”；B選項lapping“舔，折疊”；C選項“狼吞虎咽地吃，大口地吸”；D選項sipping“啜飲”。句意：他坐在那里大口喝啤酒，抽煙。Swigging“大口喝，痛飲，暢飲”，D選項與該詞意思最相近，因此D選項正確。

5.單選題

Thedirectionswereso______thatitwasimpossibletocompletetheassignment.

問題1選項

A.ingenious

B.ambitious

C.notorious

D.ambiguous

【答案】D

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.ingenious精巧的，新穎獨特的B.ambitious有野心的，有雄心的

C.notorious聲名狼藉的，臭名昭著的D.ambiguous模棱兩可的，含混不清的

【考查點】形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)結(jié)果狀語從句的內(nèi)容“以至于不可能完成這項任務(wù)”可知，這個指示是不清楚的、模棱兩可的，所以該題選擇D項。

【干擾項排除】A、B、C項不符句意。

【句意】指示如此模棱兩可，以至于不可能完成這項任務(wù)。

6.單選題

Ittakesayearfortheearthtomakeeach（）,orrevolution,aroundthesun.

問題1選項

A.tour

B.travel

C.visit

D.trip

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A項tour“旅行，旅游”，B項travel“長途旅行”，C項visit“訪問，逗留”，D項trip“（尤指短程往返的）旅行，（賽跑等）賽程”。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞earth（地球）和aroundthesun（圍繞太陽）可推測，空格處表示“旅程”，而根據(jù)語境，四個選項中能夠與make搭配的只有trip。句意：地球每繞太陽一周需要一年的時間。因此，該題D項正確。

7.單選題

Hisshirtfactoryisgrowingsofastthathemust（

）moreworkers.

問題1選項

A.takeon

B.takeup

C.takeout

D.takeover

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞辨析。takeon意為“承擔(dān)，接受，雇用”；takeup意為“開始從事”；takeout意為“取出，除去”；takeover意為“接收，接管”。

句意：他的襯衫工廠發(fā)展很快，以至于他必須雇傭更多的工人。

8.單選題

Electricalenergymaybeseparatedintotwo（

）componentsaspositiveandnegative.

問題1選項

A.specialized

B.told

C.specified

D.said

【答案】C

【解析】specialize使專門化；使適應(yīng)特殊情況；specify指定，詳細(xì)說明，列舉。句意：電能可分為正負(fù)兩種指定的部分。選項C符合句意。

9.單選題

Weareataseriousdisadvantagein（

）wehavenobodyproperlyqualifiedforthework

問題1選項

A.this

B.that

C.which

D.whom

【答案】B

【解析】考察固定搭配。inthat為固定搭配，意思是“由于，因為”。句意：我們現(xiàn)在處于非常不利的局面，因為我們沒有勝任這份工作的人選。選項B符合題意。

10.單選題

2.

問題1選項

A.Takeaholidayfromwork.

B.Worrylessaboutwork.

C.Takesomesleepingpills.

D.Workhardertoforgetallhertrouble.

【答案】B

【解析】W:IsthereanythingelseIcandotohelpmesleeptonight?

M:Don’tworrysomuchaboutthingsofwork.Iknow,Iknow,easiersaidthandone.

W:ShouldIstayhomefromwork?

M:No,Idon’tthinkthat’snecessary,justremembertostaycalm.

Q:Whatdidthedoctorsuggestthewomando?

【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。醫(yī)生建議：Don’tworrysomuchaboutthingsofwork（少想工作），故選B。

11.單選題

Wehadnowaytomeasuretheexactdistancewehadtraveled,butwethoughtitwas（）tenmiles.

問題1選項

A.apparently

B.appraisably

C.appropriately

D.approximately

【答案】D

【解析】句意:我們無法精確測量我們所走的距離，但我們認(rèn)為大約是十英里。

考查副詞辨析。apparently明顯地；appraisably可評估地；appropriately合適地;approximately近似地。根據(jù)前半句句意“我們無法精確測量我們所走的距離”以及“十英里”可知D符合句意。

12.單選題

Ahighofficialislikelytowinrespectandtrustifhecansticktohisprinciples.

問題1選項

A.turnto

B.addto

C.keepto

D.leadto

【答案】C

【解析】考查詞組辨析。Stickto表示“堅持”；A項turnto“轉(zhuǎn)向，變成”，B項addto“加入，加到”，C項keepto“堅持，遵守”，D項leadto“導(dǎo)致”。句意：一個高級官員如果能堅持自己的原則，就很可能贏得尊重和信任。根據(jù)句意可知C項正確。

13.單選題

Themanufacturerwasforcedtoreturnthemoneytotheconsumersunder（）oflaw.

問題1選項

A.guideline

B.definition

C.constraint

D.identity

【答案】C

【解析】名詞詞義辨析。guideline“指導(dǎo)方針”;definition“定義,解說”;constraint“約束,強制”;identity“身份,特性,一致”。句意:生產(chǎn)商迫于法律的約束不得不把錢退還給客戶。選項C符合句意。

14.單選題

Hehadthegoodfortuneto（

）withProf.Wangfor3years.

問題1選項

A.study

B.bestudying

C.havestudied

D.havebeenstudying

【答案】C

【解析】考查語法。由時間狀語“for3years”可知該句應(yīng)該用完成時，故排除AB兩項，學(xué)習(xí)與主語之間是主動的關(guān)系，故C項正確。句意：他有幸與王教授一起學(xué)習(xí)了3年。

15.單選題

Fredtriedtogettothedoorbutthetablewas（

）.

問題1選項

A.inaway

B.ontheway

C.intheway

D.bytheway

【答案】C

【解析】句意:Fred打算到門口去，但桌子擋住了路。

考查短語辨析。inaway在某種程度上;ontheway在…途中;intheway妨礙,擋道;bytheway附帶說一句。故C符合句意。

16.單選題

WorldTradeOrganizationDirector-generalRenatoRuggierspredictedthattheWTOwouldboostglobalincomesby51trillioninthenexttenyears.Thepactpavesthewayformoreforeigninvestmentandcompetitionintelecommakers.Manygovernmentsaremakingtelecomderegulationapriorityandmakingiteasierforoutsiderstoenterthetelecommunicationbusiness.

Thepacevarieswidely.TheU.S.andBritainarewellaheadofthepack,whileThailandwon'tfullyopenuntil2006.only20%ofthe5601billionworldmarketiscurrentlyopentocompetition.Thatshouldjumptoabout75%inacoupleofyears--largelyduetotheTelecomActintheU.S.lastyearthatderegulatedlocalmarkets,theopeningupoftheEuropeanUnionsmarketsfromJan.1,1998andthederegulationinJapan.TheWTOdealnowprovidesaforumfortheinevitabledisputesalongtheway.Itisalsosymbolic:thefirstmajortradeagreementofthepost-industrialage.Insteadofbeingobsessedwithtextilequotas,theWTOpactisproofthatgovernmentsarerealizingthatinaninformationage,telecomistheoilandsteelofeconomiesinthefuture.Businessesaroundtheworldarealreadyspendingmoreintotalontelecomservicesthantheydoonoil.

Consumers,meanwhile,canlookforwardtoafutureoflowerprices—bysomeestimates,internationalcallingratesshoulddrop80%overseveralyears-andbetterservice.Thanksinparttothevastlyincreasedcallvolumecardedbythefiber-opticcablesthatspantheglobetoday,callinghalfaworldawayalreadycostslittlemorethantelephoningnextdoor.Themonopoliescannolongersrthighpricesforinternationalcallsinmanycountries.IntheU.s.,theworld'dmostfiercelycompetitivelongdistancemarket,frequentcallerssincelastyearhavebeenpayingabout12centsaminutetocallBritain,apricenotmuchmorethandomesticrates.

ThenewcompetitiveenvironmentonthehorizonmeansmoreopportunitiesforcompaniesfromtheU.S.andU.K.inparticularbecausetheyhaveplentyofpracticeattherough-and-tumbleoffreemarkets.TheU.S.lobbiedhardfortheWTOdeal,confidentthatitsfirmswouldbebigbeneficiariesofmoreopenmarkets.Britainhasbeenderegulatedsince1984butwillseeevenmorecompetitionthanbefore;inDecember,thegovernmentissued45newinternationallicensestojoinBritainTelecomsothatitwillbecomeastrongcompetitorintheinternationalmarket.However,theonce-cossetedindustrywillgetrougherworldwide.Returnsoncapitalwillcomedown.Riskswillgoup.Thatishowfreemarketswork.Itwilllooklikeanybusiness.

1.Whichofthefollowingstatementscanbestdescribethemainthemeofthepassage?

2.Whatdoes"wellaheadofthepack"meaninrespectoftheU.S.andBritain?

3.Wecanreasonablyconcludefromthepassagethat（）.

4.Inlastparagraph,theword"lobby"probablymeans“（）”.

5.Thetoneofthispassagecanbedescribedas（）.

問題1選項

A.Thereisagreatpotentialintheworldtelecommarket.

B.TheWTOpacthasboostedarapiddevelopmentoftelecomallovertheworld.

C.TheWTOpacthasopenedupbiggertelecommarketstocompetition.

D.Governmentshaverealizedtheimportanceoftelecommunication.

問題2選項

A.Theirtelecomtechnologyismuchmoreadvanced.

B.Theirtelecommarketsaremuchmoreopen.

C.Theyhavemoremoneyinvestedinforeigntelecombusiness.

D.Theyhavemorecompetitioninthetelecommarkets.

問題3選項

A.theworldtelecommarkethasbeenfullyexploredsincethesigningoftheWTOpact

B.telecomcompaniesoftheU.S.andU.K.willundoubtedlydominatetheworldtelecommarket

C.manygovernmentshavegrantedagreatinvestmentintheirtelecombusiness

D.theWTOpactmeanstoughercompetitionfortelecomcompaniesandgentlerpriceforcallers

問題4選項

A.persuade

B.approve

C.separate

D.imitate

問題5選項

A.informativeandneutral

B.seriousandcautions

C.enthusiasticandoptimistic

D.analyticalandworried

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:A

【解析】1.根據(jù)第一段的第二句“Thepactpavesthewayformoreforeigninvestmentandcompetitionintelecommakers.”該協(xié)議為更多外國投資和電信業(yè)競爭鋪平了道路。選項C符合原文。

2.根據(jù)第二段的二三句“TheU.S.andBritainarewellaheadofthepack,whileThailandwon'tfullyopenuntil2006.only20%ofthe5601billionworldmarketiscurrentlyopentocompetition.”美國和英國遙遙領(lǐng)先意味著他們的電信市場更加開放。選項B正確。

3.根據(jù)第二段的第三句“only20%ofthe5601billionworldmarketiscurrentlyopentocompetition.”說明電信市場還沒有完全開放,所以選項A錯誤；選項B的說法太絕對,也不正確；選項C政府投資在文中沒有提及。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的內(nèi)容可知選項D正確。

4.根據(jù)原句“TheU.S.lobbiedhardfortheWTOdeal,confidentthatitsfirmswouldbebigbeneficiariesofmoreopenmarkets.”美國相信他們的企業(yè)將成為更多開放市場中的最大受益者。所以美國一直在為WTO達成協(xié)議說好話,試圖說服WTO盡快達成協(xié)議,所以選項A符合原文。

5.作者在原文中沒有表現(xiàn)出自己的觀點,只是描述詳細(xì)的信息,所以選項A正確。

17.單選題

Hespokeso（）thatevenhisopponentswerewonoverbyhisarguments.

問題1選項

A.frankly

B.emphatically

C.determinedly

D.convincingly

【答案】D

【解析】考查副詞辨析。A選項frankly“坦率地，老實說”；B選項emphatically“著重地，強調(diào)地”；C選項determinedly“決然地，斷然地”；D選項convincingly“令人信服地；有說服力地”。句意：他講得如此_____，以至于連他的對手都被他的論點說服了。根據(jù)后半句不難判斷出，前半句的意思是“他講得如此有說服力……”，因此D選項符合題意。

18.單選題

Heisquitesurethatit’s（

）impossibleforhimtofulfillthetaskwithintwodays.

問題1選項

A.absolutely

B.exclusively

C.fully

D.roughly

【答案】A

【解析】副詞辨析題。absolutely絕對地，完全地；exclusively唯一地，專有地；fully充分地，徹底地；roughly粗糙地，概略地。

句意：他很確定他絕對不可能在兩天內(nèi)完成這個任務(wù)。選項A符合句意。

19.單選題

Morethanone-thirdoftheChineseintheUnitedStatesliveinCalifornia（

）inSanFrancisco.

問題1選項

A.previously

B.predominantly

C.practically

D.permanently

【答案】B

【解析】考查副詞詞義辨析。previously“以前，預(yù)先”；predominantly“主要地”；practically“實際地”；permanently“永久地，長期不變地”。句意：超過三分之一的住在美國的中國人主要住在舊金山。選項B符合題意。

20.單選題

Theimportanceandfocusoftheinterviewintheworkoftheprintandbroadcastjournalistisreflectedinseveralbooksthathavebeenwrittenonthetopic.Mostofthesebooks,aswellasseveralchapters,mainlyin,butnotlimitedto,journalismandbroadcastinghandbooksandreportingtexts,stressthe"howto"aspectsofjournalisticinterviewingratherthantheconceptualaspectsoftheinterview,itscontext,andimplications.Muchofthe"howto"materialisbasedonpersonalexperiencesandgeneralimpressions.Asweknow,injournalism,asinotherfields,muchcanbelearnedfromthesystematicstudyofprofessionalpractice.Suchstudybringstogetherevidencefromwhichbroadgeneralizedprinciplescanbedeveloped.

Thereis,ashasbeensuggested,agrowingbodyofresearchliteratureinjournalismandbroadcasting,butverylittlesignificantattentionhasbeendevotedtothestudyoftheinterviewitself.Ontheotherhand,manygeneraltextsaswellasnumerousresearcharticlesoninterviewinginfieldsotherthanjournalismhavebeenwritten.Manyofthesebooksandarticlespresentthetheoreticalandempiricalaspectsoftheinterviewaswellasthetrainingoftheinterviewers.Unhappily,thisplentifulgeneralliteratureaboutinterviewingpayslittleattentiontothejournalisticinterview.Thefactthatthegeneralliteratureoninterviewingdoesnotdealwiththejournalisticinterviewseemstobesurprisingfortworeasons.First,itseemslikelythatmostpeopleinmodernWesternsocietiesaremorefamiliar,atleastinapositivemanner,withjournalisticinterviewingthanwithanyotherformofinterviewing.Mostofusareprobablysomewhatfamiliarwiththeclinicalinterview,suchasthatconductedbyphysiciansandpsychologists.Inthesesituationstheprofessionalpersonorinterviewerisinterestedingettinginformationnecessaryforthediagnosis（診斷）andtreatmentofthepersonseekinghelp.

Anotherfamiliarsituationisthejobinterview.However,veryfewofushaveactuallybeeninterviewedpersonallybythemassmedia,particularlybytelevision.Andyet,wehaveavividacquaintancewiththejournalisticinterviewbyvirtueofourrolesasreaders,listeners,andviewers.Evenso,trueunderstandingofthejournalisticinterview,especiallytelevisioninterviews,requiresthoughtfulanalysesandevenstudy,asthisbookindicates.

1.Themainideaofthefirstparagraphisthat（

）.

2.Muchhasbeendoneoninterviewsingeneral

（

）.

3.Westernersarefamiliarwiththejournalisticinterview,

（

）.

4.Thepassageismostlikelyapartof（

）.

問題1選項

A.generalizedprinciplesforjournalisticinterviewsarethechiefconcernforwritersofjournalism

B.importanceshouldbeattachedtothesystematicstudyofjournalisticinterviewing

C.conceptsandcontextualimplicationsareofsecondaryimportanceinjournalisticinterviewing

D.personalexperiencesandgeneralimpressionsshouldbeexcludedfromjournalisticinterviews

問題2選項

A.sothetrainingofjournalisticinterviewershaslikewisebeenstrengthened

B.thoughthestudyoftheinterviewingtechniqueshasn’treceivedmuchattention

C.butjournalisticinterviewingasaspecificfieldhasunfortunatelybeenneglected

D.andtherehasalsobeenadramaticgrowthinthestudyofjournalisticinterviewing

問題3選項

A.butmostofthemwishtostayawayfromit

B.andmanyofthemhopetobeinterviewedsomeday

C.andmanyofthemwouldliketoacquireatrueunderstandingofit

D.butmostofthemmaynothavebeeninterviewedinperson

問題4選項

A.anewsarticle

B.aresearchreport

C.ajournalisticinterview

D.apreface

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:D

【解析】第1題:主旨大意題。由第一段“Asweknow,injournalism,asinotherfields,muchcanbelearnedfromthesystematicstudyofprofessionalpractice.Suchstudybringstogetherevidencefromwhichbroadgeneralizedprinciplescanbedeveloped.正如我們所知，在新聞業(yè)和其他領(lǐng)域一樣，我們可以從專業(yè)實踐的系統(tǒng)研究中學(xué)到很多東西。這樣的研究收集了一些證據(jù)，從中可以發(fā)展出廣泛而普遍的原則?！笨芍谝欢沃饕f明應(yīng)該將重點放在專業(yè)實踐的研究上。答案B

第2題:細(xì)節(jié)事實題。由第二段中“Unhappily,thisplentifulgeneralliteratureaboutinterviewingpayslittleattentiontothejournalisticinterview.遺憾的是，關(guān)于采訪的大量文獻很少關(guān)注新聞采訪”可知C項“新聞采訪作為一個特殊的領(lǐng)域被忽視了”正確。

第3題:細(xì)節(jié)事實題。由最后一段中“However,veryfewofushaveactuallybeeninterviewedpersonallybythemassmedia,particularlybytelevision.然而，實際上很少有人已當(dāng)面被大眾媒體，特別是被電視采訪”?？芍狣項正確。

第4題:推理判斷題。由最后一句asthisbookindicates可知文章有可能是一本書的序言。答案D

21.單選題

Althoughcatscannotseeincompletedarkness,theireyesaremuchmore（

）tolightthanhumaneyes

問題1選項

A.glowing

B.brilliant

C.sensitive

D.gloomy

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。glowing意為“灼熱的，灼熾的”；brilliant意為“明亮的”；sensitive意為“敏感的”；gloomy意為“黑暗的，陰暗的”。

句意：盡管貓在完全黑暗中看不見，但它們的眼睛比人類的眼睛對光要敏感得多。

22.單選題

Forpeoplewithhearingdifficulties,telephoneswithvolumecontrolsprovidethebest（

）.

問題1選項

A.answer

B.response

C.result

D.solution

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項“答案”；B選項“反應(yīng)”；C選項“結(jié)果”；D選項“解決方法”。句意：對那些有聽力障礙的人，有音量控制的手機提供了最好的（）。有音量控制的手機為聽力障礙的人解決了一個生活中的難題，所以手機是一個解決辦法，所以答案選D。

23.單選題

SomehistoriansareconvincedthatRomewasacorruptkingdomthatdeservedto（）.

問題1選項

A.die

B.expire

C.perish

D.cease

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。A選項die“死亡；消失”，多用于指“有生命的人或物消亡”；B選項expire“（因到期而）失效；屆滿；去世”，表示“死亡”時，更強調(diào)這個動作，理解為“斷氣”；C選項perish“死亡；毀滅”，多用于文學(xué)用語，強調(diào)事物消失；D選項cease“（使）停止，終止，結(jié)束”。句意：一些歷史學(xué)家認(rèn)為羅馬是一個腐敗的王國，理應(yīng)消亡。根據(jù)詞語的偏向性及語境，此處應(yīng)指“羅馬王國的消失”，C選項正確。

24.單選題

EveryoneinAmericathesedaysseemstobe（）withhisorherphysicalfitness,andeveryoneistalkingaboutgettinginshape.

問題1選項

A.concerned

B.allured

C.connected

D.attracted

【答案】A

【解析】固定搭配。beconcernedwith指涉及，關(guān)心。根據(jù)句意可知這里指如今的美國人關(guān)心自己的健康，選項A符合句意。

25.單選題

Thewaypeopleholdtothebeliefthatafun-filledpain-freelifeequalstohappinessactuallyreducestheirchancesofeverattainingrealhappiness.Iffunandpleasureareequaltohappinessthenpainmustbeequaltounhappiness.Butinfact,theoppositeistrue;moreoftenthannotthingsthatleadtohappinessinvolvesomepain.

Asaresult,manypeopleavoidtheveryattemptsthatarethesourceoftruehappiness.Theyfearthepaininevitablybroughtbysuchthingsasmarriage,raisingchildren,professionalachievement,religiouscommitment,andself-improvement.

Askabachelorwhyheresistsmarriageeventhoughhefindsdatingtobelessandlesssatisfying.Ifheishonesthewilltellyouthatheisafraidofmakingacommitment,forcommitmentisinfactquitepainful.Thesinglelifeisfilledwithfun,adventure,excitement.Marriagehassuchmoments,buttheyarenotitsmostdistinguishingfeatures.

Coupleswithinfantchildrenareluckytogetawholenight’ssleeporathree-dayvacation.Idon'tknowanyparentwhowouldchoosethewordfuntodescriberaisingchildren.Butcoupleswhodecidenottohavechildrenwillneverknowthejoysofwatchingachildgrowinguporofplayingwithagrandchild.

Understandingandacceptingthattruehappinesshasnothingtodowithfunisoneofthemostliberatingrealizations.Itliberatestime:nowwecandevotemorehourstoactivitiesthatcangenuinelyincreaseourhappiness.Itliberatesmoney:buyinganewcarorthosefancyclothesthatwilldonothingtoincreaseourhappinessnowseemspointless.Anditliberatesusfromenvy:wenowunderstandthatallthosewhoarealwayshavingsomuchfunactuallymaynotbehappyatall.

1.Accordingtotheauthor,abachelorresistsmarriagechieflybecause.

2.Raisingchildren,intheauthor’sopinion,is.

3.Fromthelastparagraph,welearnthatenvysometimesstemsfrom.

4.Tounderstandwhattruehappinessis,onemust.

5.Whatistheauthortryingtotellus?

問題1選項

A.heisreluctanttotakeonfamilyresponsibilities

B.hebelievesthatlifewillbemorecheerfultoremainsingle

C.hefindsmorefunindatingthaninmarriage

D.hefearsitwillputanendtoallhisfunadventureandexcitement

問題2選項

A.amoralduty

B.arewardingtask

C.athanklessjob

D.asourceofinevitablepain

問題3選項

A.hatred

B.misunderstanding

C.prejudice

D.ignorance

問題4選項

A.haveasmuchfunaspossibleduringone’slifetime

B.makeeveryefforttoliberateoneselffrompain

C.putupwithpainunderallcircumstances

D.beabletodistinguishhappinessfromfun

問題5選項

A.iItispainthatleadstohappiness

B.Onemustknowhowtoattainhappiness

C.Itisimportanttomakecommitments

D.Happinessoftengoeshandinhandwithpain

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:D

【解析】1.推理判斷題。文章第三段最后兩句提到單身生活充滿著樂趣、冒險以及興奮，而婚姻雖然偶爾也會有這些，但是不再是主要的特征（Thesinglelifeisfilledwithfun,adventure,excitement.Marriagehassuchmoments,buttheyarenotitsmostdistinguishingfeatures），由此可知在他們看來，婚姻會影響他們的精彩生活，選項B符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。文章第四段提到?jīng)]有孩子的夫妻無法感受到那種看著自己孩子慢慢長大的喜悅感（Butcoupleswhodecidenottohavechildrenwillneverknowthejoysofwatchingachildgrowinguporofplayingwithagrandchild），因此選項B符合題意。

3.判斷推理題。文章最后一段最后一句話提到它把我們從嫉妒中解放出來，我們現(xiàn)在能夠理解那些玩得開心的人實際上可能并不幸福（Anditliberatesusfromenvy:wenowunderstandthatallthosewhoarealwayshavingsomuchfunactuallymaynotbehappyatall），由此推測出之所以會嫉妒是因為誤解：以為那些看起來開心的人是真的幸福，因此選項B符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。文章最后一段第一句話提到理解并且接受真正的幸福與樂趣無關(guān)是最自由的認(rèn)識之一(Understandingandacceptingthattruehappinesshasnothingtodowithfunisoneofthemostliberatingrealizations)，因此選項D符合題意。

5.判斷推理題。在作者看來，幸福與痛苦是分不開的，并不是完全沒有痛苦的人生就是幸福的人生（Thewaypeopleholdtothebeliefthatafun-filledpain-freelifeequalstohappinessactuallyreducestheirchancesofeverattainingrealhappiness），因此選項D符合題意。

26.單選題

Oneofthereasonsforhispopularityinourvillageisthathe（）almosteveryoneeverytimewhenhecomesbackfromthebigcity.

問題1選項

A.asksafter

B.runsfor

C.bringsup

D.takesafter

【答案】A

【解析】askafter探問,問候；runfor競選；bringup提出；takeafter與…相像。句意：他在我們村里受歡迎的原因之一是,他幾乎每次從大城市回來都會問候所有人。選項A符合語境。

27.單選題

Thedoctortoldthestudentsthata(n)（

）diseasewasonethatcouldbepassedfromonepersontoanother.

問題1選項

A.effective

B.infectious

C.coherent

D.inherent

【答案】B

【解析】形容詞辨析題。A選項effective“有效的，起作用的”；B選項infectious“傳染的”；C選項coherent“連貫的，一致的”；D選項inherent“固有的，內(nèi)在的”。

句意：醫(yī)生告訴學(xué)生傳染病是一種可以從一個人傳染給另一個人的疾病。infectiousdisease意為“傳染病”，所以選項B正確。

28.翻譯題

Youthisnotatimeoflifeitisastateofmind.Itisnotamatterofredcheeks,redlipsandsuppleknees.Itisatemperofthewill;aqualityoftheimagination;avigoroftheemotions;itisafreshnessofthedeepspringsoflife.Youthmeansatemperamentalpredominanceofcourageovertimidity,oftheappetiteforadventureoveralifeofease.Thisoftenexistsinamanoffifty,morethaninaboyoftwenty.Nobodygrowsoldbymerelylivinganumberofyears;peoplegrowoldbydesertingtheirideals.

【答案】【參考譯文】

青春不是年華，而是心境；青春不是桃面、丹唇、柔膝，而是深沉的意志，恢宏的想象，炙熱的戀情；青春是生命的深泉在涌流。

青春氣貫長虹，勇銳蓋過怯弱，進取壓倒茍安。如此銳氣，二十后生而有之，六旬男子則更多見。年歲有加，并非垂老，理想丟棄，方墮暮年。

29.翻譯題

Directions:ReadthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoChinese.YourtranslationshouldbewrittenneatlyontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)

ThehealthprofilesofmanyracialandethnicminoritiesreflectthesocialinequalityevidentintheUnitedStates.(46)ThepooreconomicandenvironmentalconditionsofgroupssuchasAfricanAmericans,Hispanics,andNativeAmericansaremanifestedinhighmorbidityandmortalityratesforthesegroups.Itistruethatsomeafflictions,suchassingle-cellanemiaamongBlacks,haveacleargenericbasis.Butinmostinstances,environmentalfactorscontributetothedifferentialratesofdiseaseanddeath.

Inmanyrespects,themortalityratesforAfricanAmericansaredistressing.ComparedwithWhites,Blackshavehigherdeathratesfromheartdisease,