考研考博-英語-昆明理工大學(xué)考試押題卷含答案詳解4

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-昆明理工大學(xué)考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Inasocietywhereallaspectsofourlivesaredictatedbyscientificadvancesintechnology,scienceistheessenceofourexistence.Withoutthevastadvancesmadebychemists,physicists,biologist,geologist,andotherdiligentscientists,ourstandardsoflivingwoulddecline,ourflourishing,wealthynationmightcometoaneconomicdepression,andourpeoplewouldsufferprovidedbyscience,yetourliveswouldbealteredinterminablywithoutthem.

Healthcare,oneoftheaspectsofoursocietythatseparatesusfromourarchaicancestors,isfoundedexclusivelyonscientificdiscoveriesandadvances.Withoutthevaccinescreatedbydoctors,diseasesuchaspoliomeasles,hepatitis,andthefluwouldposeathreattoourcitizens,foralthoughsomeofthesediseasemaynotbedeadly,theirsideeffectscanbeavastdetrimenttoanindividualaffectedwiththedisease.

Inaddition,sciencehasdevelopedperhapsthemostawe-inspiring,vitalinventioninthehistoryoftheworld,thecomputer.Withoutthepresenceofthismachine,ourworldcouldexist,buttheconveniencebroughtintolifebythecomputerareunparalleled.

Despitethegreatnessofpresent-dayinnovatorsandscientistsandtheirrevelations,itisrequisitetoexaminetheamenitiesofsciencethatourculturesoblatantlydisregards.Forinstance,thelightbulb,electricity,thetelephone,runningwater,andtheautomobilearepresent-daystaplesofoursociety;however,theywerenotpresentuntilscientistsdiscoveredthem.

Becauseofthecontributionofscientist,ourworldisevermetamorphosing,andthismetamorphosiseconomicallyandpersonallycompriseoursociety,whetheroursocietyiscognizantofthisornot.

1.Inthefirstparagraphtheauthorimpliesthatwe（）.

2.Theauthoruseshealthcareandvaccinestoillustrate（）.

3.Nothing，accordingtotheauthor,canmatchtheinventionofthecomputerintermof（）.

4.Theauthorseemstobeunhappyabout（）.

5.Theauthor’stoneinthepassageis（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.wouldnotsurvivewithoutscience

B.taketheamenitiesofscienceforgranted

C.couldhaveraisedthestandardsoflivingwithscience

D.wouldbefreeofdiseasebecauseofscientificadvances

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.howsciencehasbeendeveloped

B.whatsciencemeanstosociety

C.whatthenatureofscienceis

D.howdiseaseaffectssociety

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.power

B.novelty

C.benefits

D.complexity

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.people'signoranceoftheirculture

B.people'signoringtheamenitiesofscience

C.people'smakingnocontributionstosociety

D.people’smisunderstandingofscientificadvances

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.critical

B.cognizant

C.appreciative

D.paradoxical

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】第1題:1.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】判斷推理題。第一段指出：Withoutthevastadvancesmadebychemists,physicists,biologist,geologist,andotherdiligentscientists,ourstandardsoflivingwoulddecline…(沒有化學(xué)家、物理學(xué)家、生物學(xué)家、地質(zhì)學(xué)家和其他勤奮的科學(xué)家所取得的巨大進(jìn)步，我們的生活水平就會下降)，由此推斷C項(xiàng)“有了科學(xué)，我們的生活水平才得以提高”正確。

2.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】判斷推理題。第二段開頭指出：Healthcare,oneoftheaspectsofoursocietythatseparatesusfromourarchaicancestors,isfoundedexclusivelyonscientificdiscoveriesandadvances(醫(yī)療保健是社會的一個(gè)方面，它將我們與古老的祖先區(qū)分開來，它完全建立在科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)和進(jìn)步的基礎(chǔ)上)，后面又以疫苗為例，其實(shí)是為了論證本文主題：科學(xué)對社會的重要性。故選B項(xiàng)。

3.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第三段指出：此外，科學(xué)已經(jīng)發(fā)明出也許是世界歷史上最令人敬畏、最重要的發(fā)明——計(jì)算機(jī)。沒有這臺機(jī)器，世界的確可以存著，但是計(jì)算機(jī)給生活帶來的便利是無與倫比的。因此C項(xiàng)“益處，用處”正確。

4.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。倒數(shù)第二段開頭指出：盡管如今的創(chuàng)新者和科學(xué)家奉獻(xiàn)了他們的偉大成就和成果，但我們有必要審查（重視）科學(xué)帶來的便利，這在我們的文化中往往是被公然漠視的。后面作者又舉例說明是科學(xué)家們發(fā)明了燈泡、電、電話等必需品。因此，B項(xiàng)“人們忽視了科學(xué)帶來的便利”正確。

5.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。作者通篇都在強(qiáng)調(diào)科學(xué)對我們的意義和重要性，通過“scienceistheessenceofourexistence”以及“Becauseofthecontributionofscientist,ourworldisevermetamorphosing”等字眼可以看出，作者的語氣是感激的，欣賞的。故選C。

第2題:

第3題:

第4題:

第5題:

2.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingintoChinese.

China’slong-runningcampaigntotightenmonetarypolicymayhavealittlemorelifeinitwitheconomistsexpectingthePeople’sBankofChinawillraiseinterestratesatleastonemoretimethisyear,asurveyofeconomistsbyDowJonesNewswiresshowedWednesday.

SixoutofteneconomistspolledsaidtheyexpectedChina’scentralbankwilllikelyraisethebenchmarklendinganddepositratesbyafurther0.25percentagepointeachthisyeartocombathighinflation.Theotherfourforecasterspredictedbetweenoneandtwohikesthroughtheendoftheyear.

ThePeople’sBankofChinaisalsolikelytoraisebanks’reserverequirementratioby50basispointsnextmonth,continuingitspatternofraisingtheratioonceamonthsofarthisyear,accordingtothesurvey.Buteconomistsexpectthepaceofsuchincreasestoslowlaterintheyear.“Withinflationstayingrelativelyhigh,theauthoritiesareunlikelytorelaxpolicytighteningintheshortterm,”ChinaInternationalCapitalCorporationLtd,economistPengWensheng(彭文生)said.

ThelatestinflationdatashowedthatChina’sconsumerpriceindexrose5.3%fromayearearlierinApril,downslightlyfromMarch’s5.4%risebutstillwellabovetheofficialfull-yeartargetofaround4%.ManyeconomistsexpectinflationtopeakinJune.

【答案】道瓊斯通訊社周三對經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家進(jìn)行的一項(xiàng)調(diào)查顯示，中國長期的貨幣緊縮政策可能會稍微放寬一點(diǎn)，同吋也有經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家希望中國銀行今年至少再提高一次利率。

十分之六的經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家投票支持中國中央銀行在今年將基準(zhǔn)利率和存款利率分別再提高0.25個(gè)百分點(diǎn)，以應(yīng)對高通貨膨脹率。其他四個(gè)預(yù)報(bào)員預(yù)計(jì)在今年年底還會有一到兩次的提高。

調(diào)查表明，中國銀行將會延續(xù)其今年一個(gè)月提髙一次比率的態(tài)勢，在下個(gè)月可能將銀行存款準(zhǔn)備進(jìn)率提高50個(gè)基本點(diǎn)。但經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家希望今年這種提高的幅度能夠減緩。中國國際金融有限公司的經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家彭文生表示，“在通脹率維持在較高水平的情況下，當(dāng)局不大可能在短期內(nèi)放寬緊縮政策”。

最新的通貨膨脹數(shù)據(jù)顯示，中國的消費(fèi)者物價(jià)指數(shù)從去年四月份開始提髙了5.3個(gè)百分點(diǎn)，相比三月份的5.4個(gè)百分點(diǎn)有所下降，但仍遠(yuǎn)高于官方大約4個(gè)百分點(diǎn)的全年目標(biāo)。許多經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家預(yù)計(jì)通貨膨脹率將在6月份達(dá)到峰值。

3.單選題

Thatthedriver（

）inordertoavoidanaccidentcouldbeprovenbyexaminingthemarksonthepavement.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.swerved

B.accelerated

C.dissolved

D.withdrew

【答案】A

【解析】句意:那個(gè)司機(jī)突然轉(zhuǎn)向是為了避免意外發(fā)生，這可以通過檢查路面印記予以證實(shí)。

動詞辨析。Swerve突然轉(zhuǎn)向;accelerate加速，促進(jìn);dissolve溶解，解散;withdraw撤退，離開。故A符合句意。

4.單選題

Therealityisthatonlybypreventingman-madedebrisfromgettingintotheoceaninthefirstplace（）ameasureablereduction（）accomplished.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.X…X

B.will…be

C.that…willbe

D.will…X

【答案】B

【解析】語法題。根據(jù)題目，is后是由that引導(dǎo)的表語從句，從句是由only引導(dǎo)的一個(gè)倒裝句，所以用部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，將助動詞will提前。句意：事實(shí)就是，只有首先阻止人造垃圾排入海洋，將會實(shí)現(xiàn)一種可量化的減少。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

5.單選題

Ourjourneywasslowbecausethetrainstopped（

）atdifferentvillages.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.constantly

B.continually

C.continuously

D.gradually

【答案】B

【解析】考查副詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)constantly“不斷地，時(shí)常地”，側(cè)重于事件發(fā)生的穩(wěn)定性和持續(xù)性以及經(jīng)久不變的狀態(tài)；B選項(xiàng)continually“不停地，持續(xù)地，頻繁地”，側(cè)重于一段時(shí)間內(nèi)多次發(fā)生、時(shí)斷時(shí)續(xù)或中斷時(shí)間很短而又接連發(fā)生的狀態(tài)；C選項(xiàng)continuously“連續(xù)不斷地”，側(cè)重在時(shí)間、物質(zhì)或廣度上沒有間斷的；D選項(xiàng)gradually“逐步地，漸漸地”。由“我們的行程很慢，因?yàn)榛疖嘷____在不同的村中?？俊笨芍@種?？渴窃凇拔覀兊男谐讨小卑l(fā)生的，是在一段時(shí)間內(nèi)發(fā)生的，因此B選項(xiàng)符合語境。句意：我們的行程很慢，因?yàn)榛疖囶l繁地在不同的村中停靠。

6.單選題

（

）onaclearday,farfromthecitycrowds,themountainsgivehimasenseofinfinite.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Ifwalking

B.Walking

C.Whilewalking

D.Whenoneiswalking

【答案】D

【解析】考查語法。此句中的主句的主語為mountains，所以邏輯主語和主句主語應(yīng)不同。故排除A、B、C三項(xiàng)。D項(xiàng)正確。句意：當(dāng)一個(gè)人在晴朗的天氣散步時(shí)，遠(yuǎn)離城市喧囂，山脈會給他一種無限感。

7.單選題

Sofast（

）thatitisdifficultforustoimagineitsspeed.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.haslighttraveled

B.lighttravels

C.doeslighttravel

D.travelslight

【答案】C

【解析】考查倒裝句。由so/such…that…結(jié)構(gòu)中的so或such與其修飾成分位于句首表示強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)，主句要進(jìn)行倒裝，因此選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

8.單選題

SometimesindrawinganddesigningthesignX（）theunknownnumber.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.facilitates

B.fascinates

C.denotes

D.jots

【答案】C

【解析】動詞詞義辨析。facilitate使容易，推動；fascinate使著迷，使神魂顛倒；denote指示，表

示；jot略記，摘要記錄下來。句意:有時(shí)候,在繪制和設(shè)計(jì)中,X（）未知的數(shù)字。因此,C選項(xiàng)符合句意。

9.單選題

Aftera37-yearadvertisingcareeratYoung&Rubicam,PeterA.Georgescuisfindingtimetopromoteafewcausesthatareasdeartohim.

Mr.Georgescu,66,whooncemanagedwell-knowncampaignslikethe“SofterSideofSears,”retiredaschairmanandchiefexecutiveofYoung&Rubicamin2000,buthesaysheisnowin“themostwonderfulchapterofmylife.”

Itisanaptmetaphorbecausehisbook,TheSourceofSuccess(Jossey-Bass,$27.95)isbeingpublishedthismonth.ThebookaimstoexplainwhatMr.GeorgescuviewsasthetwomajorchallengesfacingAmerica:economiccompetitionfromtheemergingeconomiesofChinaandIndiaandaneedtofostermorecreativitywithinAmericancompanies.

“Theonlywaythisnationcancompetewiththosethatproducehigh-qualityproductsatalowerpriceisbygeneratingideasthatbuildaspecialrelationshipwithconsumers,”hesaid.“Everyonehasbuildingsandtechnology;thosearecommodities.Theonlyleverageableassetinthefuturewillbecreativity.”

AnyprofitfromhisbookwillgotoacharitycalledBetterChance,whichfindsbrightchildreninsomeofthenation'spoorestneighborhoodsandhelpsthemtoattendoutstandinghighschools,includingprivateprepschoolslikethePhillipsExeterAcademyinNewHampshire.

Mr.Georgescu,anExeteralumnus,receivedabachelor'sdegreeinpoliticalsciencefromPrincetonandanM.B.A.fromStanfordbeforestartingatYoung&Rubicamin1963.

HesaidhecountedhimselfluckytohavegainedadmissiontoExeterin1954,whenhearrivedintheUnitedStatesattheageof15fromhisnativeRomaniaafterspendingsevenyearsinaCommunistlaborcamp.

“Ihadbeencleaningsewers,andIspokelittleEnglish,butsomeonegavemeachance,”hesaid.“Iwanttodothatforotheryoungpeoplewhoaredisadvantaged.”

HealsovolunteersasaboardmemberoftheNewYorkPhilharmonic.Inthebusinessworld,heholdsthetitleofchairmanemeritusofYoung&Rubicamandservesasadirectorforseveralcompanies.

Heandhiswife,Barbara,liveinManhattanandhaveasonandthreegranddaughters.Herisesat6a.m.mostdaystorunfivemiles,partlyalongtheEastRiver.

“That'showItorturemyself,”hesaid.

1.Fromthefirst3paragraphsweknowthatMr.Georgescuis（）.

2.WhatareMr.GeorgescuviewsaboutthemajorchallengesfacingAmerica?

3.AccordingtoMr.Georgescu,thefutureofeconomiccompetitionliesin（）.

4.Wemayinferfromthecontextthat“Exeter”(Line1,Para.6)isthenameof（）.

5.Thebesttitleforthepassagemaybe（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.anauthor

B.anadvertiser

C.theauthorofthe“SofterSideofSears”

D.chairmanandchiefexecutiveofYoung&Rubicam

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.ChinaandIndia.

B.Competitionandcreativity.

C.Competitionfromtheemergingeconomies.

D.AneedtofostermorecreativitywithinAmericancompanies.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.goodideas

B.consumers

C.commodities

D.creativity

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.ahighschool

B.acharity

C.asmalltown

D.arefugeeshelter

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.AManager’s37-yearAdvertisingCareer

B.TheSourceofSuccess

C.TwoMajorChallengesFacingAmerica

D.AGratefulStudentReturnstheFavor

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。原文第一段提及，作者曾經(jīng)是一名廣告商，而題干問的是現(xiàn)在的職業(yè)，所以選項(xiàng)B錯(cuò)誤；“SofterSideofSears”是一場活動不是書名，選項(xiàng)C錯(cuò)誤；選項(xiàng)D同樣也是他過去的職位，所以不正確。原文第三段提及，他的新書《成功之源》即將出版，由此可知，他是一名作者，所以選項(xiàng)A正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句“ThebookaimstoexplainwhatMr.GeorgescuviewsasthetwomajorchallengesfacingAmerica:economiccompetitionfromtheemergingeconomiesofChinaandIndiaandaneedtofostermorecreativitywithinAmericancompanies.這本書的目的是解釋Georgescu所認(rèn)為的美國面臨的兩大挑戰(zhàn)：來自中國和印度等新興經(jīng)濟(jì)體的經(jīng)濟(jì)競爭，以及培養(yǎng)美國公司更多創(chuàng)造力的需要?！焙喍灾簿褪歉偁幒蛣?chuàng)造力。所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

3.詞義推斷題。根據(jù)原文第四段的內(nèi)容，Mr.Georgescu認(rèn)為美國要想與那些以較低價(jià)格生產(chǎn)高質(zhì)量產(chǎn)品的國家競爭，唯一的辦法就是想出與消費(fèi)者建立特殊關(guān)系的點(diǎn)子。大家都有建筑和技術(shù)；這些都是商品。未來唯一可以利用的資產(chǎn)將是創(chuàng)造力。由此可知，選項(xiàng)D正確。

4.詞義推斷題。上文提及“‘更好機(jī)會’的慈善機(jī)構(gòu)幫助一些貧困社區(qū)里聰明的孩子上優(yōu)秀的高中，包括新罕布什爾的菲利普斯埃克塞特學(xué)院等私立預(yù)科學(xué)校。”由此可知，“Exeter”指的是高中學(xué)校，所以選項(xiàng)A正確。

5.主旨大意題。結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，本文主要是圍繞著Mr.Georgescu的新書《成功之源》展開，所以選項(xiàng)B作為標(biāo)題更恰當(dāng)。

10.翻譯題

ReadthefollowingshortparagraphcarefullyandthentranslateitintoEnglish.

預(yù)言未來的經(jīng)濟(jì)是困難的事情。美國人逐漸意識到他們自己是在一種全球化經(jīng)濟(jì)中競爭，而且他們將不斷經(jīng)歷經(jīng)濟(jì)的好轉(zhuǎn)和低迷。不過有一件事情可以確定的是，美國關(guān)于財(cái)富的傳統(tǒng)觀念已經(jīng)對人民的生活水平和價(jià)值觀產(chǎn)生了深遠(yuǎn)的影響。而因?yàn)槊绹藢τ谪?cái)富持續(xù)增長的觀念已經(jīng)深深扎根于他們的信仰系統(tǒng)，所以財(cái)富的衰退的現(xiàn)狀會對他們產(chǎn)生嚴(yán)重的挫傷。不過即便是經(jīng)濟(jì)的衰退，很難說對他們所持的理念帶來太多的作用，相反也許會產(chǎn)生積極的競爭和促進(jìn)作用。

【答案】Itisdifficulttopredictthefutureeconomy.Americanshavecometorealizedthattheyarecompetinginaglobaleconomyandthattheywillcontinuetoexperienceeconomicupturnsanddownturns.Onethingiscertain,however,thatAmerica’straditionalviewofwealthhavehadaprofoundeffectonitspeople’slivingstandardsandvalues.American’sbeliefthatwealthwillcontinuetorisehavedeeplyrootedintheirbeliefsystem,hencethecurrentdeclineinwealthcanbeaserioussetbackforthem.Butevenarecessionwouldhardlydomuchontheirideas;instead,itmayproducepositivecompetitionandfacilitation.

11.單選題

Thesurveyfound80percentofviewerswere（

）bytheviolentscenesinthefilm.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.damaged

B.alerted

C.offended

D.discouraged

【答案】C

【解析】動詞辨析題。damage損害；alert警惕；offend冒犯；discourage阻止，使氣餒。

句意：調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)，80%的觀眾會被電影中的暴力鏡頭所觸怒。beoffendedby意為“被...觸怒”，選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

12.單選題

Theindustrialcommunityshouldbecloseenoughtothecrowdedcentersbutdistantenoughtoreduce______hazards(危險(xiǎn)).

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.feasible

B.positive

C.potential

D.substantial

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)feasible“可行的”；B選項(xiàng)positive“積極的”；C選項(xiàng)potential“潛在的”；D選項(xiàng)substantial“實(shí)質(zhì)的”。句意：工業(yè)社區(qū)應(yīng)該離擁擠的中心足夠近，但又要足夠遠(yuǎn)，以減少潛在的危害。本句表示潛在的危害。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

13.單選題

Steelisnotasas（

）castiron;itdoesnotbreakaseasily

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.elastic

B.brittle

C.adaptable

D.flexible

【答案】B

【解析】考察形容詞詞義辨析。elastic“有彈性的;靈活的;易伸縮的”；brittle“易碎的，易斷裂的”；adaptable“適合的;能適應(yīng)的”；flexible“靈活的；易彎曲的”。句意：鋼不像鑄鐵那樣脆，不容易斷裂。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

14.單選題

IamconfidentthatI’llprovetobeatremendous____toyourcompany.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.possession

B.asset

C.property

D.assumption

【答案】B

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.possession所有物；擁有B.asset有價(jià)值的人或事物

C.property財(cái)產(chǎn)D.assumption（責(zé)任的）承擔(dān)；（權(quán)力的）獲得

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】語義銜接與名詞辨析

【解題思路】原句句意為“我相信我將成為貴公司的寶貴的____?！庇纱丝芍?，空格所填的詞指的是“我”這個(gè)人。因此，B選項(xiàng)asset“（~tosb/sth）有價(jià)值的人或事物”符合題意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)possession“所有物；擁有”，側(cè)重于指個(gè)人財(cái)產(chǎn)或私人物品，或者inpossessionofsomething指擁有某物的狀態(tài)；

C選項(xiàng)property“財(cái)產(chǎn)”，指個(gè)人或團(tuán)體合法擁有的財(cái)產(chǎn)，包括動產(chǎn)與不動產(chǎn)；

D選項(xiàng)assumption“（責(zé)任的）承擔(dān)；（權(quán)力的）獲得”，不符合原句語義銜接。

【句意】我相信我將成為貴公司的寶貴財(cái)富。

15.單選題

Ihavesaidthatallbranchesofknowledgeareconnectedtogether,becausethesubject-matterofknowledgeisintimatelyunitedinitself[...].HenceitisthattheSciences,intowhichourknowledgemaybesaidtobecast,havemultiplebearingsononeanother,andaninternalsympathy,andadmit,orratherdemand,comparisonandadjustment.Theycomplete,correct,andbalanceeachother.Thisconsideration,ifwell-founded,mustbetakenintoaccount,notonlyasregardstheattainmentoftruth,whichistheircommonend,butasregardstheinfluencewhichtheyexerciseuponthosewhoseeducationconsistsinthestudyofthem.Ihavealreadysaidthattogiveundueprominencetooneistobeunjusttoanother;toneglectorsupersedetheseistodivertthosefromtheirproperobjects.Itistounsettletheboundarylinesbetweenscienceandscience,todisturbtheiraction,todestroytheharmonywhichbindsthemtogether.Suchaproceedingwillhavecorrespondingeffectwhenintroducedintoaplaceofeducation.Thereisnosciencebuttellsadifferenttale,whenviewedasaportionofawhole,fromwhatitislikelytosuggestwhentakenbyitself,withoutthesafeguard,asImaycallit,ofothers.

Letmemakeuseofanillustration.Inthecombinationofcolors,verydifferenteffectareproducedbyadifferenceintheirselectionandjuxtaposition;red,green,andwhitechangetheirshades,accordingtothecontrasttowhichtheyaresubmitted.And,inlikemanner,thedriftandmeaningofabranchofknowledgevarieswiththecompanyinwhichitisintroducedtothestudent.Ifhisreadingisconfinedsimplytoonesubject,howeversuchdivisionoflabormayfavortheadvancementofaparticularpursuit,apointintowhichIdonothereenter,certainlyithasatendencytocontracthismind.Ifitisincorporatedwithothers,itdependsonthoseothersastothekindofinfluencethatitexertsuponhim.ThustheClassics,whichinEnglisharethemeansofrefiningthetaste,haveinFrancesub-servedthespreadofrevolutionaryanddeisticaldoctrines.[...]Inalikemanner,Isuppose,ArcesilaswouldnothavehandledlogicasAristotle,norAristotlehavecriticizedpoetsasPlato;yetreasoningandpoetryaresubjecttoscientificroles.

ItisagreatpointthentoenlargetherangeofstudieswhichaUniversityprofesses,evenforthesakeofthestudents;and,thoughtheycannotpursueeverysubjectwhichisopentothem,theywillbethegainersbylivingamongthoseandunderthosewhorepresentthewholecircle.ThisIconceivetobetheadvantageofaseatofuniversallearning,consideredasaplaceofeducation.Anassemblageoflearnedmen,zealousfortheirownsciences,andrivalsofeachother,arebrought,byfamiliarintercourseandforthesakeofintellectualpeace,toadjusttogethertheclaimsandrelationsoftheirrespectivesubjectsofinvestigation.Theylearntorespect,toconsultandtoaideachother.Thusiscreatedapureandclearatmosphereofthought,whichthestudentalsobreathes,thoughinhisowncaseheonlypursuesafewsciencesoutofthemultitude.Heprofitsbyanintellectualtradition,whichisindependentofparticularteachers,whichguideshiminhischoiceofsubjects,anddulyinterpretsforhimthosewhichhechooses.

Heapprehendsthegreatoutlinesofknowledge,theprinciplesonwhichitrests,thescaleofitsparts,itslightsanditsshades,itsgreatpointsanditslittle,asheotherwisecannotapprehendthem.Henceitisthathiseducationiscalled“Liberal”.Ahabitofmindisformedwhichlaststhroughlife,ofwhichtheattributesare,freedom,equitableness,calmness,moderation,andwisdom;orwhatinaformerdiscourseIhaveventuredtocallaphilosophicalhabit.ThisthenIwouldassignasthespecialfruitoftheeducationfurnishedataUniversity,ascontrastedwithotherplacesofteachingormodesofteaching.ThisisthemainpurposeofaUniversityinitstreatmentofitsstudents.

1.Themainideaofthefirstparagraphisthat（）.

2.BytheSciences(line2),theauthormeans（）.

3.Theword“exercise”inline7mostnearlymeans（）.

4.Byusingthewordsafeguardinline13,theauthorsuggeststhat（）.

5.Thepurposeofthesecondparagraphisto（）.

6.Thewordapprehendsasusedinlines39means（）.

7.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheauthor’sideaofaliberaleducation?

8.Theauthorbelievesthatauniversityshould（）.

Ⅰ.havefacultyrepresentingawiderangeofsubjectsandphilosophies

Ⅱ.teachstudentshowtoseetherelationshipsamongideas

Ⅲ.teachstudentstounderstandandrespectotherpointsofview

Ⅳ.teachstudentsliberalratherthanconservativeideals

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.eachscienceshouldbestudiedindependently

B.thesciencesareinterrelated

C.theboundarylinesbetweeneachofthesciencesshouldbeclearer

D.itisdifficulttoattainaproperbalanceamongthesciences

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.thephysicalsciencesonly

B.educationalmethodologies

C.thephysicalandsocialsciences

D.allbranchesofknowledge,includingthephysicalandsocialsciencesandthehumanities

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.remove

B.compete

C.impose

D.arrange

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.eachsciencehasitsownspecificsafetyguidelines

B.itisnotsafetostudythesciences

C.themoreoneknows,thesaferonewillfeel

D.oneshouldchooseasecondareaofspecializationasabackupincasethefirstdoesnotworkout

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.compareandcontrastdifferentbranchesofknowledge

B.developtheideapresentedinthepreviousparagraph

C.statethemainideaofthepassage

D.presentanalternativepointofview

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.understands

B.captures

C.fears

D.believes

問題7選項(xiàng)

A.In-depthspecializationinonearea.

B.Anemphasisontheartsratherthanthesciences.

C.Abroadscopeofknowledgeinseveraldisciplines.

D.Trainingforascientificcareer.

問題8選項(xiàng)

A.IandIIonly

B.I,II,andIII

C.IandIV

D.IVonly

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:B

第6題:A

第7題:A

第8題:B

【解析】1.主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段，“Ihavesaidthatallbranchesofknowledgeareconnectedtogether,becausethesubject-matterofknowledgeisintimatelyunitedinitself”，作者認(rèn)為所有的知識分支都是相互聯(lián)系的，因?yàn)橹R的主題本身是緊密相連的。此句為第一段的中心句，可判斷出第一段的中心思想為科學(xué)知識之間是相互聯(lián)系的。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

2.判斷推理題。根據(jù)文章第一段，“HenceitisthattheSciences,intowhichourknowledgemaybesaidtobecast,havemultiplebearingsononeanother,andaninternalsympathy,andadmit,orratherdemand,comparisonandadjustment.”，我們的知識所涉及的各種科學(xué)，彼此之間有多重關(guān)系，有一種內(nèi)在承認(rèn)，要求，比較和調(diào)整關(guān)系?？膳袛喑鲞@里的sciences指各種科學(xué)知識分支，包括自然科學(xué)、人文科學(xué)和社會科學(xué)。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

3.詞義題。根據(jù)章第一段，“…theinfluencewhichtheyexerciseuponthosewhoseeducationconsistsinthestudyofthem.”，which引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾先行詞influence，構(gòu)成搭配關(guān)系exerciseupontheinfluence“對……造成影響”。Remove“移除”；compete“競爭”；impose“強(qiáng)加”；arrange“安排”。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

4.詞義題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句，“Thereisnosciencebuttellsadifferenttale,whenviewedasaportionofawhole,fromwhatitislikelytosuggestwhentakenbyitself,withoutthesafeguard,asImaycallit,ofothers.”，當(dāng)把每種科學(xué)看成整體的一部分時(shí)，在其他學(xué)科并未采取保護(hù)措施的情況下，每一門科學(xué)都是不同的?？膳袛喑鲎髡咛岬降膕afeguard意思是每種科學(xué)都有自己特定的保護(hù)措施。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

5.判斷推理題。根據(jù)文章第二段第一句，“Letmemakeuseofanillustration.”，可知第二段的目的是進(jìn)行相關(guān)的例證，下文主要用大量的例子來證明了第一段的觀點(diǎn)——科學(xué)的知識分支是相互聯(lián)系的，但是各科學(xué)之間有各自的保護(hù)措施，使其內(nèi)容存在差別?？膳袛喑龅诙蔚哪康脑谟诎l(fā)展和繼續(xù)探討第一段提出的觀點(diǎn)。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

6.詞義題。根據(jù)文章最后一段，“Heapprehendsthegreatoutlinesofknowledge,theprinciplesonwhichitrests,thescaleofitsparts,itslightsanditsshades,itsgreatpointsanditslittle,asheotherwisecannotapprehendthem.”，apprehends后接的內(nèi)容為知識的原則、范圍、亮點(diǎn)、重點(diǎn)等，能與知識的這些方面構(gòu)成一致意思的為apprehends“理解”。Understands“理解”；captures“捕捉”；fears“恐懼”；believes“相信”。相信A符合題意。

7.判斷推理題。根據(jù)文章最后一段第一二句，“Heapprehendsthegreatoutlinesofknowledge,theprinciplesonwhichitrests,thescaleofitsparts,itslightsanditsshades,itsgreatpointsanditslittle,asheotherwisecannotapprehendthem.Henceitisthathiseducationiscalled‘Liberal’.”，他的教育被稱為“Liberal”，要理解知識的概要、基礎(chǔ)原則、范圍、亮點(diǎn)與不足、重點(diǎn)與次重點(diǎn)，否則就不能真正理解知識。可判斷出他所謂的“l(fā)iberaleducation”必須要對知識有深入的了解，也就是某一領(lǐng)域的專業(yè)理解。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

8.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文章第三段，“ItisagreatpointthentoenlargetherangeofstudieswhichaUniversityprofesses,evenforthesakeofthestudents;and,thoughtheycannotpursueeverysubjectwhichisopentothem,theywillbethegainersbylivingamongthoseandunderthosewhorepresentthewholecircle.”，至于大學(xué)教育，要擴(kuò)大學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)和研究的范圍，盡管學(xué)生們不能追求所有開放的主題，但是卻能受到代表某個(gè)知識專業(yè)領(lǐng)域的人的影響，并且受益?？膳袛喑鲎髡哒J(rèn)為大學(xué)應(yīng)該擁有代表廣泛學(xué)科和哲學(xué)領(lǐng)域的教職工。根據(jù)下文，“….toadjusttogethertheclaimsandrelationsoftheirrespectivesubjectsofinvestigation.Theylearntorespect,toconsultandtoaideachother.”，學(xué)生們能夠調(diào)整他們各自的研究學(xué)科之間的關(guān)系，并且他們要學(xué)會尊重、協(xié)商和互相幫助。可判斷出作者認(rèn)為大學(xué)應(yīng)該教學(xué)生們?nèi)フ_看待各種思想之間的關(guān)系并且尊重其他人的觀點(diǎn)和看法。所以I,II和III都是作者認(rèn)為一所大學(xué)應(yīng)該具備的要求。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

16.單選題

Leavesthatfallfromtreeseventually（

）andturnintosoil.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.contract

B.decay

C.fade

D.wither

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。contract“合同，婚約”;decay“腐爛，腐朽”;fade“淡出”；wither“凋謝，衰弱”。句意：樹葉終將從樹上飄落，腐爛后化作泥土。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

17.單選題

Idon’tunderstandwhatyou’regettingsoworkedupaboutit.It’sreallynotaproblem.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.unconcerned

B.concerned

C.angry

D.happy

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)unconcerned“不關(guān)心的；無關(guān)的；無憂慮的”；B選項(xiàng)concerned“有關(guān)的；關(guān)心的”；C選項(xiàng)angry“生氣的；憤怒的；狂暴的；（傷口等）發(fā)炎的”；D選項(xiàng)happy“幸福的；高興的；巧妙的”。句意：我不明白你為什么這么生氣。這真的不是問題。本句關(guān)鍵詞workedup表示“激動的，生氣的”，四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中C選項(xiàng)最合適，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

18.單選題

Agreatdealofattentionisbeingpaidtodaytotheso-calleddigitaldivide—thedivisionoftheworldintotheinfo(information)richandtheinfopoor.Andthat(1)doesexisttoday.MywifeandIlecturedaboutthisloomingdangertwentyyearsago.Whatwasless(2)then,however,werethenew,positive(3)thatworkagainstthedigitaldivide.(4),therearereasonstobe(5).

Therearetechnologicalreasonstohopethedigitaldividewillnarrow.AstheInternetbecomesmoreandmore(6),itisintheinterestofbusinesstouniversalizeaccess—afterall,themorepeopleonline,themorepotential(7)thereare.Moreandmore(8),afraidtheircountrieswillbeleft(9),wanttospreadInternetaccess.Withinthenextdecadeortwo,onetotwobillionpeopleontheplanetwillbe(10)together.Asaresult,Inowbelievethedigitaldividewill(11)ratherthanwidenintheyearsahead.AndthatisverygoodnewsbecausetheInternetmaywellbethemostpowerfultoolfor(12)worldpovertythatwe’veeverhad.Ofcourse,theuseoftheInternetisn’ttheonlywayto(13)poverty.AndtheInternetisnottheonlytoolwehave.Butithas(14)potential.

To(15)advantageofthistool,somepoorcountrieswillhavetogetovertheiroutdatedanti-colonialprejudices(16)respecttoforeigninvestment.Countriesthatstillthinkforeigninvestmentisa/an(17)oftheirsovereigntymightwellstudythehistoryof(18)(thebasicstructuralfoundationsofasociety)intheUnitedStates.WhentheUnitedStatesbuiltitsindustrialinfrastructure,itdidn’thavethecapitaltodoso.Andthatis(19)America’sSecondWaveinfrastructure—(20)roads,harbors,highways,portsandsoon—werebuiltwithforeigninvestment.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.divide

B.information

C.world

D.lecture

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.obscure

B.visible

C.invisible

D.indistinct

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.forces

B.obstacles

C.events

D.surprises

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Seriously

B.Entirely

C.Actually

D.Continuously

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.negative

B.optimistic

C.pleasant

D.disappointed

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.developed

B.centralized

C.realized

D.commercialized

問題7選項(xiàng)

A.users

B.producers

C.customers

D.citizens

問題8選項(xiàng)

A.enterprises

B.governments

C.officials

D.customers

問題9選項(xiàng)

A.away

B.for

C.aside

D.behind

問題10選項(xiàng)

A.netted

B.worked

C.put

D.organized

問題11選項(xiàng)

A.decrease

B.narrow

C.neglect

D.low

問題12選項(xiàng)

A.containing

B.preventing

C.keeping

D.combating

問題13選項(xiàng)

A.win

B.detail

C.defeat

D.fear

問題14選項(xiàng)

A.enormous

B.countless

C.numerical

D.big

問題15選項(xiàng)

A.bring

B.keep

C.hold

D.take

問題16選項(xiàng)

A.at

B.with

C.of

D.for

問題17選項(xiàng)

A.offence

B.investment

C.invasion

D.insult

問題18選項(xiàng)

A.construction

B.facility

C.infrastructure

D.institution

問題19選項(xiàng)

A.why

B.where

C.when

D.how

問題20選項(xiàng)

A.concerning

B.concluding

C.according

D.including

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:B

第6題:D

第7題:C

第8題:B

第9題:D

第10題:A

第11題:B

第12題:D

第13題:C

第14題:A

第15題:D

第16題:B

第17題:C

第18題:C

第19題:A

第20題:D

【解析】1.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】考查上下文語義銜接。A項(xiàng)表示“分歧，差異”，B項(xiàng)表示“信息”，C項(xiàng)表示“世界”，D項(xiàng)表示“演講”。上文提到了divide，整句表達(dá)的意思是“現(xiàn)今，人們對所謂的信息鴻溝給予了大量的關(guān)注：世界被劃分為信息富人和信息窮人”，下一句依舊是對上文的描述，所以此空要填divide。句意：這種差異現(xiàn)今確實(shí)存在。因此，該題選擇A項(xiàng)。

2.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】考查句間邏輯。A項(xiàng)表示“晦澀的，模糊的”，B項(xiàng)表示“看得見的，明顯的”，C項(xiàng)表示“無形的，看不見的”，D項(xiàng)表示“朦朧的，難以清楚辨認(rèn)的”。根據(jù)however可知，此句是對上一句的對比，結(jié)合句子意思“然而，當(dāng)時(shí)不那么______的是，新的、積極的______正在消除數(shù)字鴻溝”，此處填visible符合句意。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)。

3.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】考查句間邏輯。A項(xiàng)表示“力量”，B項(xiàng)表示“阻礙”，C項(xiàng)表示“事件”，D項(xiàng)表示“驚喜”。根據(jù)句子意思“然而，當(dāng)時(shí)不那么明顯的是，新的、積極的______正在消除數(shù)字鴻溝”可知，填入force符合語義。句意：然而，當(dāng)時(shí)不那么明顯的是，新的、積極的力量正在消除數(shù)字鴻溝。因此，該題選擇A項(xiàng)。

4.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】考查上下文語義銜接。A項(xiàng)表示“認(rèn)真地，嚴(yán)重地”，B項(xiàng)表示“完全地，徹底地”，C項(xiàng)表示“實(shí)際上，事實(shí)上”，D項(xiàng)表示“連續(xù)不斷地”。上文提到“新的、積極的力量正在消除數(shù)字鴻溝”，所以這一句是對上一句的肯定，只有actually能夠符合。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)。

5.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】考查上下文語義銜接。A項(xiàng)表示“消極的”，B項(xiàng)表示“樂觀的”，C項(xiàng)表示“令人愉快的，舒適的”，D項(xiàng)表示“失望的，沮喪的”。上文提到positive，所以這里不可能是A、D項(xiàng)。這一段講的事情是數(shù)字鴻溝正在被新的、積極的力量消除，所以這是“樂觀的”。句意：事實(shí)上，我們有理由感到樂觀。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)。

6.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】考查句間邏輯的并列關(guān)系。A項(xiàng)表示“發(fā)展”，B項(xiàng)表示“集中”，C項(xiàng)表示“實(shí)現(xiàn)”，D項(xiàng)表示“商業(yè)