考研考博-英語-山西華澳商貿(mào)職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-山西華澳商貿(mào)職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Althoughthefalsebanknotesfooledmanypeople,theydidnot（）toacloseexamination.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.keepup

B.putup

C.standup

D.lookup

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。keepup“保持，繼續(xù)”；putup“舉起，抬起”；standup“堅(jiān)持，經(jīng)得起”；lookup“查詢，拜訪”。句意：盡管假鈔欺騙了很多人，但是它們經(jīng)不住仔細(xì)檢查。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

2.單選題

Apervasivenegativeattitudeoftheengineerstowardprojectsfundedbyhiscompanyisthecauseofthedelayofsigningthecontract.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.pernicious

B.prevalent

C.preventive

D.perpetual

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)pernicious“有害的；惡性的；致命的；險(xiǎn)惡的”；B選項(xiàng)prevalent“流行的；普遍的，廣傳的”；C選項(xiàng)preventive“預(yù)防性的，防備的；防病的”；D選項(xiàng)perpetual“永久的；不斷的；四季開花的；無期限的”。句意：工程師們對他們公司資助的項(xiàng)目普遍持否定態(tài)度，這是合同遲遲沒有簽訂的原因。本句關(guān)鍵詞pervasive表示“普遍的；到處滲透的；流行的”，四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中B選項(xiàng)最合適，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

3.單選題

Themoneyspentonmedicalinsurancelastyearwasfourtimes___tenyearsago.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.muchmore

B.asmuchas

C.thatasmuchofthat

D.asmuchasthatof

【答案】B

【解析】考查平行結(jié)構(gòu)。平行結(jié)構(gòu)指and,but,aswellas,or,orelse,both...and,neither…nor,either…or,notonly…but(also),asmuchas等并列連詞連接兩個(gè)對等的詞或者對等的結(jié)構(gòu)：1.所連接的謂語形式必須一致，2.所連接的詞或短語形式必須一致，3.連接的非謂語動(dòng)詞的形式必須一致；整個(gè)題干有省略的部分，把句子展開Themoneyspentonsocialinsurancelastyearwasfourtimes___thatspentonsocialinsurancetenyearsago.句意：去年花在社會(huì)保險(xiǎn)上的錢是十年前花在社會(huì)保險(xiǎn)上的四倍，即可以看出句子中的平行結(jié)構(gòu)themoney與省略的that平行，spentonsocialinsurancelastyear與省略的spentonsocialinsurancetenyearsago平行。A選項(xiàng)：muchmore后邊接多音節(jié)形容詞或者副詞，也能接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)或者不可數(shù)名詞，more是much或者many的比較級，代入后不符合題干；C，D選項(xiàng)代入后可以看到that重復(fù)，破壞平行結(jié)構(gòu)；B選項(xiàng)代入后符合平行結(jié)構(gòu)。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

4.單選題

Susanhas（）theelbowsofherson’sjacketwithleatherpatchestomakeitmoredurable.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.reinforced

B.sustained

C.steadied

D.confirmed

【答案】A

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。reinforce“加強(qiáng)，加固”；sustain“維持，支撐”；steady“使穩(wěn)定，穩(wěn)固”；confirm“確認(rèn)，確定”。句意：蘇珊用皮革加固兒子夾克的肘部，使它更耐穿。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

5.單選題

About50yearsagotheideaofdisabledpeopledoingsportswasneverheardof.ButwhentheannualgamesforthedisabledwerestartedatStrokeMandeville,Englandin1948bySirLudwigGuttmann,thesituationbegantochange.SirLudwigGuttmann,whohadbeendriventoEnglandin1939fromNaziGermany,hadbeenaskedbytheBritishgovernmenttosetupaninjuriescenteratStrokeMandevilleHospitalnearLondon.Hisideasabouttreatinginjuriesincludedsportsforthedisabled.

Inthefirstgamesjusttwoteamsofinjuredsoldierstookpart.Thenextyear,1949,fiveteamstookpart.Fromthosebeginningsthingsdevelopedfast.TeamsnowcomefromabroadtoStrokeMandevilleeveryyear.In1960thefirstOlympicsfortheDisabledwereheldinRome.Now,everyfouryears,theOlympicGamesfortheDisabledareheld,ifpossible,inthesameplaceasthenormalOlympicGames,althoughtheyareorganizedseparately.InotheryearsGamesfortheDisabledarestillheldatStrokeMandeville.Inthe1984wheelchairOlympicGames,1604wheelchairathletesfromabout40countriestookpart.Unfortunately,theywereheldatStrokeMandevilleandnotinLosAngles,alongwiththeotherOlympics.

TheGameshavebeenagreatsuccessinpromotinginternationalfriendshipandunderstanding,andinprovingthatbeingdisableddoesnotmeanyoucan'tenjoysports.Onesmallsourceofdisappointmentforthosewhoorganizeandtakepartinthegames,however,hasbeentheunwillingnessoftheInternationalOlympicCommitteetoincludethedisabledeventsattheOlympicGamesfortheable-bodied.Perhapsafewmoreyearsarestillneededtoconvincethosefortunateenoughnottobedisabledthattheirdisabledfellowathletesshouldnotbeexcluded.

1.Thefirstgamesforthedisabledwereheld（

）afterSirLudwigGuttmannarrivedinEngland.

2.BesidesStrokeMandeville,surelythegameforthedisabledwasonceheldin（

）.

3.InParagraph2theword"athlete"means

（

）.

4.WhichofthefollowingstatementisNOTtrue?

5.Fromthepassagewemayconcludethatwriteris（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.50years

B.21years

C.9years

D.4years

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.NewYork

B.London

C.Rome

D.LosAngeles

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.peoplewhosupportthegame

B.Peoplewhowatchthegame

C.peoplewhoorganizedthegame

D.peoplewhocompeteinthegame

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.SirLudwigGuttmannisanearlyorganizerofthegamesforthedisabled.

B.SirLudwigGuttmannisaninjuredsoldier.

C.SirLudwigGuttmannisfromGermany.

D.SirLudwigGuttmanniswelcomedbytheBritish.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.oneoftheorganizersofthegamesforthedisabled

B.adisabledwhooncetookpartinthegames

C.againstholdingthegamesforthedisabled

D.inthefavorofholdingthegameforthedisabled

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第一段中的ButwhentheannualgamesforthedisabledwerestartedatStrokeMandeville,Englandin1948bySirLudwigGuttmann,thesituationbegantochange.SirLudwigGuttmann,whohadbeendriventoEnglandin1939fromNaziGermany可知第一次舉辦殘疾人運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)是在1948年，SirLudwigGuttmann是在1939年從納粹德國被驅(qū)趕到英國，因此選C。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第二段中的In1960thefirstOlympicsfortheDisabledwereheldinRome.（1960年，第一屆殘疾人奧運(yùn)會(huì)在羅馬舉行）可知選C。

3.詞義題。由文章第二段中的Inthe1984wheelchairOlympicGames,1604wheelchairathletesfromabout40countriestookpart.（在1984年輪椅奧運(yùn)會(huì)上，來自大約40個(gè)國家的1604名輪椅……參加了比賽）可知“athlete”是指參加比賽的人，A選項(xiàng)“支持者”，B選項(xiàng)“觀看者”，C選項(xiàng)“組織者”，D選項(xiàng)“競爭者”，因此選D。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第一段中的SirLudwigGuttmann,whohadbeendriventoEnglandin1939fromNaziGermany,hadbeenaskedbytheBritishgovernmenttosetupaninjuriescenteratStrokeMandevilleHospitalnearLondon.Hisideasabouttreatinginjuriesincludedsportsforthedisabled.（1939年從納粹德國被驅(qū)趕到英國的SirLudwigGuttmann，被英國政府要求在倫敦附近的MandevilleHospital設(shè)立一個(gè)受傷中心。他對治療受傷的想法包括殘疾人運(yùn)動(dòng)）可知A、C、D選項(xiàng)正確，B選項(xiàng)“SirLudwigGuttmann是一名受傷的士兵”并沒有在文中提及，因此選B。

5.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。由文章最后一段中的TheGameshavebeenagreatsuccessinpromotinginternationalfriendshipandunderstanding,andinprovingthatbeingdisableddoesnotmeanyoucan'tenjoysports...Perhapsafewmoreyearsarestillneededtoconvincethosefortunateenoughnottobedisabledthattheirdisabledfellowathletesshouldnotbeexcluded.（奧運(yùn)會(huì)在增進(jìn)國際友誼和理解方面取得了巨大的成功，也證明了殘疾并不意味著你不能享受體育運(yùn)動(dòng)……也許還需要再過幾年，才能說服那些幸運(yùn)到?jīng)]有殘疾的人，他們的殘疾運(yùn)動(dòng)員不應(yīng)該被排除在奧運(yùn)會(huì)外）可知作者是支持殘疾人運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)的，因此D選項(xiàng)“支持為殘疾人舉辦比賽”符合題意。

6.單選題

Ifambitionistobewellregarded,therewardsofambitionhealth,distinction,controloverone’sdestinymustbedeemedworthyofthesacrificesmadeonambition’sbehalf.Ifthetraditionofambitionistohavevitality,itmustbewidelyshared;anditespeciallymustbehighlyregardedbypeoplewhoarethemselvesadmired,theeducatednotleastamongthem.Inanoddway,however,itistheeducatedwhohaveclaimedtohavegivenuponambitionasanideal.Whatisoddisthattheyhaveperhapsmostbenefitedfromambitionifnotalwaystheirownthenthatoftheirparentsandgrandparents.Thereisheavynoteofhypocrisyinthis,acaseofclosingthebamdoorafterthehorseshaveescapedwiththeeducatedthemselvesridingonthem.

Certainlypeopledonotseemlessinterestedinsuccessanditssignsnowthanformerly.Summerhomes,Europeantravel,BMWsthelocations,placenamesandnamebrandsmaychange,butsuchitemsdonotseemlessindemandtodaythanadecadeortwoyearsago.Whathashappenedisthatpeoplecannotconfessfullytotheirdreams,aseasilyandopenlyasoncetheycould,lesttheybethoughtpushing,acquisitiveandvulgar.Instead,wearetreatedtofinehypocriticalspectacles,whichnowmorethaneverseeminamplesupply;thecriticofAmericanmaterialismwithaSouthamptonsummerhome;thepublisherofradicalbookswhotakeshismealinthree-starrestaurants;thejournalistadvocatingparticipatorydemocracyinallphasesoflife,whoseownchildrenareenrolledinprivateschools.Forsuchpeopleandmanymoreperhapsnotsoexceptional,theproperformulationis,“Succeedatallcostsbutavoidappearingambitious.”

Theattacksonambitionaremanyandcomefromvariousangles;itspublicdefendersarefewandunimpressive,wheretheyarenotextremelyunattractive.Asaresult,thesupportforambitionasahealthyimpulse,aqualitytobeadmiredandfixedinthemindoftheyoung,isprobablylowerthanithaseverbeenintheUnitedStates.Thisdoesnotmeanthatambitionisatanend,thatpeoplenolongerfeelitsstirringsandpromptings,butonlythat,nolongeropenlyhonored,itislessopenlyprofessed.Consequencesfollowfromthis,ofcourse,someofwhicharethatambitionisdrivenunderground,ormadesly.Such,then,isthewaythingsstand:ontheleftangrycritics,ontherightstupidsupporters,andinthemiddle,asusual,themajorityofearnestpeopletryingtogetoninlife.

1.Itisgenerallybelievedthatambitionmaybewellregardedif（）_.

2.Thelastsentenceofthefirstparagraphmostprobablyimpliesthatitis（）.

3.Somepeopledonotopenlyadmittheyhaveambitionbecause（）.

4.Fromthelastparagraphtheconclusioncanbedrawnthatambitionshouldbemaintained（）_.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.itsreturnswellcompensateforthesacrifices

B.itisrewardedwithmoney,fameandpower

C.itsgoalsarespiritualratherthanmaterial

D.itissharedbytherichandthefamous

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.customaryoftheeducatedtodiscardambitioninwords

B.toolatetocheckambitiononceithasbeenletout

C.dishonesttodenyambitionafterthefulfillmentofthegoal

D.impracticalfortheeducatedtoenjoybenefitsfromambition

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.theythinkofitasimmoral

B.theirpursuitsarenotfameorwealth

C.ambitionisnotcloselyrelatedtomaterialbenefits

D.theydonotwanttoappeargreedyandcontemptible

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.secretlyandvigorously

B.openlyandenthusiastically

C.easilyandmomentarily

D.verballyandspiritually

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段，“Ifambitionistobewellregarded,therewardsofambitionhealth,distinction,controloverone’sdestinymustbedeemedworthyofthesacrificesmadeonambition’sbehalf.”，可知如果要正確看待雄心壯志，那么它所帶來的健康、名望和對自己命運(yùn)所帶來的回報(bào)，就必須被認(rèn)為是值得曾經(jīng)的付出的?？膳袛喑霰ж?fù)只有在回報(bào)很好地補(bǔ)償了付出的時(shí)候，才得以正確看待。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

2.推斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段，“Thereisheavynoteofhypocrisyinthis,acaseofclosingthebamdoorafterthehorseshaveescapedwiththeeducatedthemselvesridingonthem.”，可知作者打了個(gè)比方，這種做法帶有濃重的虛偽色彩，就像在馬兒逃跑后關(guān)上門，而受過良好教育的人卻偷偷將馬騎出去。用來比喻在實(shí)現(xiàn)抱負(fù)之后卻否認(rèn)隱藏自己的雄心壯志。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段，“Whathashappenedisthatpeoplecannotconfessfullytotheirdreams,aseasilyandopenlyasoncetheycould,lesttheybethoughtpushing,acquisitiveandvulgar.”，可知現(xiàn)在的情況是，人們不能像以前那樣輕易、公開地承認(rèn)自己的夢想，以免被認(rèn)為是將近的、貪婪的和庸俗的?？膳袛喑鲇行┤瞬还_承認(rèn)他們有野心，是因?yàn)樗麄儾幌腼@得貪婪和可鄙。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

4.推斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段，“ontheleftangrycritics,ontherightstupidsupporters,andinthemiddle,asusual,themajorityofearnestpeopletryingtogetoninlife.”，可知左派是憤怒的批評者，右派是愚蠢的支持者，而中間派則像往常一樣，是大多數(shù)認(rèn)真的人，努力在生活中出人頭地?？赏茢喑鲎髡哒J(rèn)為我們不應(yīng)該暗地批評，也不能愚昧地支持，而是應(yīng)該以公開熱情的態(tài)度對待抱負(fù)。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

7.填空題

AfterI（1）theuniversityentranceexam,Iwasextremelyupset,becauseIwasalmostsureIhad（2）thetest.Tomy（3）,it（

4）outthatIhadgottenthehighestscoreintheprovince!

句意:大學(xué)入學(xué)考試考完，我感到非常沮喪，因?yàn)槲規(guī)缀醮_信自己考試沒有通過。然而令我感到意外的是自己最后的實(shí)際成績是省里的最高分。

【答案】1.finished

2.failed

3.surprise

4.tumed

【解析】1.語義題。句意為高考結(jié)束，動(dòng)詞finish合適，根據(jù)時(shí)態(tài)為過去式，故用finished。

2.固定搭配。failtheexam考試失敗。這里用過去完成時(shí)。

3.固定搭配。toone’ssurprise令某人驚訝的是。

4.固定搭配。Itturnsoutthat結(jié)果是…。

8.單選題

Hesaidthathehadno___ofthe1978interviewandthathehadneverseenitinprint.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.recollection

B.memory

C.reminder

D.recognition

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)recollection“回憶；回憶起的事物”；B選項(xiàng)memory“記憶，記憶力；內(nèi)存，[計(jì)]存儲(chǔ)器；回憶”；C選項(xiàng)reminder“暗示；提醒的人/物；催單”；D選項(xiàng)recognition“識(shí)別；承認(rèn)；認(rèn)出；重視；贊譽(yù)；公認(rèn)”。句意：他說，他不___1978年的那次采訪，也從未在報(bào)紙上看到過。本句表達(dá)“不記得那次采訪”，因B此選項(xiàng)正確。

9.單選題

WhenMr.Johnswentshoppingatthethriftstore,hewaslookingfora（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.bargain

B.charge

C.gain

D.purchase

【答案】A

【解析】名詞辨析題。bargain便宜貨；charge費(fèi)用；gain利潤，收獲；purchase購買的東西。根據(jù)句中的關(guān)鍵詞thethriftstore（舊貨店，二手店）判斷,選項(xiàng)A更符合句意。

10.單選題

“Whichcoatdidyourhusbandbuy?”“Theblackone,butI（）thegreenone.”

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.wouldratherhavebought

B.wouldratherbuy

C.wouldhaveratherbought

D.ratherhadbought

【答案】A

【解析】句意:“你的丈夫買了哪一件外套？”“黑色的那件外套，但我寧愿買綠色的那件?！?/p>

語法題?？疾樘摂M語氣。這里表示對過去已發(fā)生事情的假設(shè),所以表示對過去的虛擬:wouldratherhave+done。故選A。

11.單選題

FamedsingerStevieWondercan’tseehisfansdancingathisconcerts.Hecan’tseethehandsofhisaudienceastheyapplaudwildlyattheendofhissuperstition.

Blindfrombirth,Wonderhaswaitedhiswholelifeforachancetosee.Recently,WondervisitedMarkHumayan,avisionspecialist.HethoughtthatanewdevicecurrentlybeingstudiedbyHumayanmightofferhimthatchance.

Thedevice,aretinalprosthesis,isatinycomputerchipimplantedinsideapatient’seye.Thechipsendsimagestothebrainandallowssomesightlesspeopletoseeshapesandcolors.Wonderhopedtheretinalprosthesismightworkforhim.“I’vealwayssaidthatifeverthere’spossibilityofmyseeing,”saidWonder,“thenIwouldtakethechallenge.”

UnfortunatelyforWonder,thatchallengewillhavetowait.Humayanexplainedthatthedeviceisn’treadyforpeoplewhohavebeenblindsincebirth.Theirbrainsmaynotbeabletohandlesignalsfromaretinalprosthesisbecausetheirbrainshaveneverhandledsignalsfromahealthyeye.

Theretinalprosthesisandotherdevices,however,showgreatpromiseinhelpingmanyothersightlesspeoplewhooncehadvisionseeagain.Perhapsonedaysoon,someformerlysightlesspeoplemaybeinWonder’saudiencelookingup—andseeinghim—fortheveryfirsttime.

Wonder’swillingnesstotakepartinretinalprosthesisstudiesandtheresultsofthosestudiesaregivingnewhopetopeoplewhothoughttheywouldbeblindfortherestoftheirlives.MorethanonemillionpeopleintheUnitedStatesareconsideredlegallyblind,meaningthattheireyesightisseverelyimpaired.Anotheronemillionaretotallyblind.

Twotypesofspecializedcellsintheretina—rodsandcones—arecriticalforpropervision.Lightenterstheeyeandfallsontherodsandconesintheretina.Thosecellsconvertthelighttoelectricalsignalswhichtravelthroughtheopticnervetothebrain.Thebraininterpretsthosesignalsasvisualimages.Rodsdetectlightatlowlevelsofillumination.Forinstance,rodsallowyoutoseefaintshadowsindimmoonlight.Cones,ontheotherhand,aremostsensitivetocolor.Somediseasescandamagecellsintheretina.Forinstance,maculardegenerationcausesblindnessandothervisionproblemsin700,000peopleintheUnitedStateseachyear.Theconditioniscausedbyalackofadequatebloodsupplytothecentralpartoftheretina.Withoutblood,therods,cones,andothercellsintheretinadie.

Devicessuchastheretinalprostheseswon’tpreventorcureoureyediseases,buttheymayhelppatientswhohaveeyedisordersregainsomeoftheirvision.Differentformsofretinalprosthesesarecurrentlybeingdeveloped.Ononetype,atinycomputerchipisembeddedintheeye.Thechiphasagridofabout2,500light-sensingelementscalledpixels.

Lightenteringtheeyestrikesthepixels,whichconvertthelightintoelectricalsignals.Thepixelsthensendtheelectricalsignalstonervecellsbehindtheretina.Thosecellssendsignalsviatheopticnervetothebrainforinterpretation.

Manypeoplewhohavehadaretinalprosthesisimplantedsaytheycanseeshapes,colors,andmovementsthattheycouldn’tseebefore.“Itwasgreat,”saidHaroldChurchey,whoreceivedhisretinalprosthesis15yearsafterhebecametotallyblind.“Toseelightaftersolong—itwasjustwonderful.Itwasjustlikeswitchingalighton.”

1.WhydidSteveWondervisitMarkHumayan?

2.WhomisMark'sretinalprosthesisreadyfor?

3.Fordetectingcolors,wedepend,inthefirstplace,on（）

4.Whydoesmaculardegenerationcauseblindnessandothervisionproblems?

5.Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthefunctionofretinalprosthesisistrueaccordingtothepassage?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.HethoughtMark'sdevicemightrecoverhiseyesight.

B.HethoughtMarkmightneedhishelpindevelopingthedevice.

C.HethoughtMarkmightwanttolistentohisSuperstition.

D.HethoughtMarkmightimplantachipintohisrighteye.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Forthosewhohavebeenblindfrombirth.

B.Forthosewhostillhavefaintvision.

C.Fortheblindwhooncehadeyesight.

D.Forthosewhostillhaveonehealthyeye.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.interpretationbythebrain.

B.conesoftheretina.

C.rodsoftheretina.

D.opticnerve.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Maculardegenerationcausesimproperinterpretationbythebrain.

B.Maculardegenerationmakestheretinalesssensitivetothelight.

C.Maculardegenerationchangesthefunctionsofrodsandcones.

D.Maculardegenerationcausesinadequatesupplyofbloodintheretina.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Itcanpreventsomeeyedisorders.

B.Itcancuresomeeyedisorders.

C.Itcanhelprecovereyesighttosomedegree.

D.Itcanrepairthedamagedcones.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)原文第二段的內(nèi)容“Wonder自打出生眼睛就看不見，他一生都在等待一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)。最近，Wonder拜訪了視力專家MarkHumayan。他認(rèn)為目前Humayan正在研究的一種新裝置可能會(huì)給他提供這個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)?！庇纱丝芍琒teveWonder拜訪MarkHumayan的原因是他認(rèn)為MarkHumayan的設(shè)備可能會(huì)恢復(fù)他的視力，選項(xiàng)A正確。

2.判斷推理題。根據(jù)第五段的第一句“Theretinalprosthesisandotherdevices,however,showgreatpromiseinhelpingmanyothersightlesspeoplewhooncehadvisionseeagain.然而，視網(wǎng)膜假體和其他裝置在幫助許多曾經(jīng)有過視力的盲人重見光明方面展現(xiàn)出了巨大的希望?！庇纱丝赏茢?，Mark的視網(wǎng)膜假體裝置是為那些曾經(jīng)有過良好視力的人準(zhǔn)備的，所以選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

3.判斷推理題。根據(jù)原文第七段的內(nèi)容可知，視網(wǎng)膜中有兩種特殊的細(xì)胞對正常的視力至關(guān)重要——桿狀細(xì)胞和視錐細(xì)胞。第七段還提及“Cones,ontheotherhand,aremostsensitivetocolor.另一方面，視錐細(xì)胞對顏色最敏感?！庇纱丝芍?，選項(xiàng)B正確。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“maculardegeneration”定位到第七段后半部分的內(nèi)容“Forinstance,maculardegenerationcausesblindnessandothervisionproblemsin700,000peopleintheUnitedStateseachyear.Theconditioniscausedbyalackofadequatebloodsupplytothecentralpartoftheretina.Withoutblood,therods,cones,andothercellsintheretinadie.例如，黃斑變性導(dǎo)致美國每年有70萬人失明和其他視力問題。這種情況是由于缺乏足夠的血液供應(yīng)到視網(wǎng)膜的中央部分。沒有血液，視網(wǎng)膜中的桿狀細(xì)胞、視錐細(xì)胞和其他細(xì)胞就會(huì)死亡?！庇纱丝芍?，選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第八段的首句“Devicessuchastheretinalprostheseswon’tpreventorcureoureyediseases,buttheymayhelppatientswhohaveeyedisordersregainsomeoftheirvision.像視網(wǎng)膜假體這樣的設(shè)備不能預(yù)防或治愈我們的眼病，但它們可以幫助有視力障礙的患者重獲一些視力?！庇纱丝芍?，視網(wǎng)膜假體能在一定程度上幫助恢復(fù)視力，所以選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

12.單選題

Justasabookisoftenjudged（）bythequalityandappearanceofitscover,apersonisjudgedimmediatelybyhisappearance.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.previously

B.uniquely

C.outwardly

D.initially

【答案】C

【解析】previously倉促地；uniquely獨(dú)特地；outwardly表面上,外觀上地；initially最初。句意：就像根據(jù)一本書的封面來判斷質(zhì)量一樣,判斷一個(gè)人也是根據(jù)他的外表立馬進(jìn)行判斷。

13.單選題

Itisamazingthattworesearchesworkingindependentlymadethesamediscovery______.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.spontaneously

B.simultaneously

C.collaboratively

D.conscientiously

【答案】A

【解析】考查副詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)spontaneously“自發(fā)地”；B選項(xiàng)simultaneously“同時(shí)地”；C選項(xiàng)collaboratively“協(xié)作地”；D選項(xiàng)conscientiously“良心上”。句意：令人驚訝的是，兩個(gè)獨(dú)立工作的研究人員______獲得同樣的發(fā)現(xiàn)。根據(jù)語境，這里指兩個(gè)研究人員在研究時(shí)互不聯(lián)系，沒有任何外部的干涉，卻有相同的發(fā)現(xiàn)，A選項(xiàng)spontaneously“自發(fā)地”符合題意。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

14.單選題

Manyeconomicstudieshavetriedtoisolatetheeffectsofdeficits.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.separate

B.giveup

C.reject

D.change

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.separate分開；分離B.giveup放棄

C.reject拒絕；否決D.change改變

【答案】A

【考查點(diǎn)】語義銜接

【解題思路】原句語義為“許多經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)研究試圖____赤字的影響”，原詞isolate“分離”，A選項(xiàng)separate“分開；分離”最符合原文。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B選項(xiàng)giveup“放棄”，不符合語義銜接，研究沒有辦法放棄赤字的影響；

C選項(xiàng)reject“拒絕；否決”，不符合語義銜接，研究沒有辦法拒絕或否決赤字的影響；

D選項(xiàng)change“改變”，不符合原文語義。

【句意】許多經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)研究試圖將赤字的影響分離開來。

15.單選題

Davidfeltobliged（

）forNancywhentheteachersingledheroutforcriticism.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.toputaword

B.puttingaword

C.toputinaword

D.puttinginaword

【答案】C

【解析】句意:當(dāng)老師把Nancy單獨(dú)叫出去批評吋，David覺得有必要為她說幾句。

考查固定搭配。Beobligedtodosth.被迫做某事，不得不做…。putinawordforsb.為某人說話。

16.單選題

Milk,butter,andcheeseare______herefromthefarms.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.imported

B.transferred

C.transformed

D.transported

【答案】D

【解析】【試題解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)imported“進(jìn)口”；B選項(xiàng)transferred“（使）轉(zhuǎn)移，搬遷”；C選項(xiàng)transformed“改變，轉(zhuǎn)換”；D選項(xiàng)transported“運(yùn)輸”。句意：牛奶、黃油和奶酪從農(nóng)場______到這里。根據(jù)語境，這里指的是把牛奶等從農(nóng)場運(yùn)到另一個(gè)地方，D選項(xiàng)transported“運(yùn)輸”符合題意。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

17.單選題

Johnfailedinthefinalexaminationbecausehewas（

）totheteacher’sadvice.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.immune

B.indifferent

C.ignorant

D.informed

【答案】B

【解析】形容詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)immune“免疫的”；B選項(xiàng)indifferent“冷淡的，不關(guān)心的”；C選項(xiàng)ignorant“無知的，愚昧的”；D選項(xiàng)inform“通知，告發(fā)”。句意：John期末考試不及格，因?yàn)樗宦犂蠋煹膭窀?。beindifferentto知“不在乎…，對…漠不關(guān)心”，所以選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

18.單選題

Iam（）toMr.MorrisonbecauseofthekindnessandconcernthatheshowedmewhenIfirstgothere.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.gratified

B.unforgettable

C.desirous

D.indebted

【答案】D

【解析】形容詞詞義解析。Gratified“滿足的”;unforgettable“難忘的”；desirous“渴望的”;indebted“受惠的，感激的”。句意：當(dāng)我最初到這兒的時(shí)候，莫里森先生對我關(guān)心友好，我對他報(bào)以感激之心。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

19.翻譯題

Directions:TranslatethefollowingpassageintoEnglish.YoushouldwriteyouranswerontheAnswerSheet.

42.我認(rèn)為，人之首要任務(wù)便是設(shè)法自立，如此，就能免除他人負(fù)擔(dān)其生活。另外，學(xué)會(huì)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)、細(xì)心的態(tài)度從事有意義的工作，其本身就是非常重要的一課，在其他一切人生追求中能體現(xiàn)出它的作用。當(dāng)你想做其他事情，卻仍能投身于你不喜歡的工作，這種習(xí)慣是無價(jià)的。

假若年輕時(shí)，我能夠培養(yǎng)自己有這個(gè)習(xí)慣，就能避免浪費(fèi)許多時(shí)間了。

【答案】

Ibelievethatthefirstbusinessofamanistofindwaysofsupportinghimself,inwhichheshallrelieveothersoftheburdenofhisexistence.Inaddition,learningtodomeaningfulworkwithrigorandcareisaveryimportantlessoninitself,anditcanplayaroleinallotherpursuitsoflife.Itisainvaluablehabitthatwhenyouwanttodosomethingelse,youareabletodevoteyourselftoajobthatyoudon’tlike.

HadIcultivatedmyselftohavethehabitinmyyouth,Imighthaveavoidedwastingmuchtime.

20.單選題

Everydaytherearereportsof_______thathavebeencommittedagainstinnocentpeople.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.behaviors

B.fixtures

C.subordinates

D.atrocities

【答案】D

【解析】behavior舉止,行為；fixture設(shè)備,固定裝置;subordinate下屬;atrocity暴行，殘暴。句意：每天都有關(guān)于對無辜人民實(shí)施暴行的報(bào)道。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

21.單選題

Parentsoftenfacedthe（）betweendoingwhattheyfeltwasgoodforthedevelopmentofthechildandwhattheycouldstandbywayofundisciplinednoiseanddestructiveness.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.paradox

B.dilemma

C.junction

D.premise

【答案】B

【解析】句意：父母們經(jīng)常面對這樣的（）：是選擇做他們認(rèn)為對孩子發(fā)展好的事情，還是選擇對孩子吵鬧和破壞放任自由。A選項(xiàng)paradox自相矛盾；B選項(xiàng)dilemma進(jìn)退兩難；C選項(xiàng)junction連接，接合；會(huì)合點(diǎn)；D選項(xiàng)premise前提；假定，B選項(xiàng)dilemma符合句意。

22.單選題

Asautomationbecamepopularinmostfactories,laborwasmade（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.disincentive

B.redundant

C.diverse

D.discontent

【答案】B

【解析】形容詞辨析。disincentive妨礙活動(dòng)的；redundant因人員過剩而被解雇的，多余的；diverse不同的，多種多樣的；discontent不滿的。句意:隨著自動(dòng)化在大多數(shù)工廠的普及，勞動(dòng)力被了。因此B項(xiàng)符合句意。

23.單選題

Tom’s（）ishighinthenetworknewsbusiness.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.trump

B.game

C.stock

D.dot

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)trump“王牌，法寶，喇叭”；B選項(xiàng)game“游戲，比賽，獵物，野味”；C選項(xiàng)stock“股份，股票，庫存，血統(tǒng)，樹干，家畜”；D選項(xiàng)dot“點(diǎn)，圓點(diǎn)，嫁妝”。句意：湯姆在網(wǎng)絡(luò)新聞業(yè)務(wù)中所占有的股份比例很高。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

24.單選題

IamsurethatSmithwill______whatIhavesaid.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.bearup

B.bearout

C.beardown

D.bearaway

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A項(xiàng)bearup“使振作，不氣餒”，B項(xiàng)bearout“證實(shí)，支持”，C項(xiàng)beardown“擊敗，壓倒”，D項(xiàng)bearaway“改變航道，奪走，奪取”。由sure可知，空格處填入“支持”符合語境。句意：我相信史密斯會(huì)支持我所說的話。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)。

25.單選題

Inthelongrun,thenewsystem,whichisuniformandsimpler,willsavemoney.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Inthecourseoflongexperience

B.Onaccountoffinancialdifficulties

C.Withtheviewofenrichingthepeople

D.Inthelightofeconomicreckoning

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞義辨析。Inthelongrun表示“從長遠(yuǎn)看”；A項(xiàng)Inthecourseoflongexperience“在長期經(jīng)驗(yàn)的過程中”，B項(xiàng)Onaccountoffinancialdifficulties“因?yàn)樨?cái)政困難”，C項(xiàng)Withtheviewofenrichingthepeople“以富民的觀點(diǎn)”，D項(xiàng)Inthelightofeconomicreckoning“根據(jù)經(jīng)濟(jì)計(jì)算”。句意：從長遠(yuǎn)來看，統(tǒng)一且更簡單的新系統(tǒng)將節(jié)省資金。因此A項(xiàng)正確。

26.單選題

Thecentralprovinceshavefloodsinsomeyears,and（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.droughtsinothers

B.droughtsareothers

C.whileotherdroughts

D.othersindrought

【答案】A

【解析】考查并列結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：中部各省有些年遭受洪澇，有些年遭受干旱。and連接兩個(gè)并列的成分，因后面沒有謂語，說明二者的謂語相同，都是have，那么填入的內(nèi)容就應(yīng)該與floodsinsomeyears并列，droughtinothers中others指代years，表示“另一些年遭受干旱”。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

27.單選題

WhydoestheFoundationconcentrateitssupportonbasicratherthanappliedresearch?Basicresearchistheveryheartofscience,anditscumulativeproductisthecapitalofscientificprogress,acapitalthatmustbeconstantlyincreasedasthedemandsuponitrise.Thegoalofbasicresearchisunderstandingforitsownsake.Understandingofthestructureoftheatomorthenervecell,thecausesofearthquakesanddroughts,orofmanasabehavingcreatureandofthesocialforcesthatarecreatedwhenevertwoormorehumanbeingscomeintocontactwithoneanother—thescopeisstaggering,butthecommitmenttotruthisthesame.Ifthecommitmentweretoaparticularresult,conflictingevidencemightbeoverlookedor,withthebestwillintheworld,simplynotappreciated.Moreover,thepracticalapplicationsofbasicresearchfrequentlycannotbeanticipated.WhenRoentgen,thephysicist,discoveredX-ray,hehadnoideaoftheirusefulnesstomedicine.

Appliedresearch,undertakentosolvespecificpracticalproblems,hasanimmediateattractivenessbecausetheresultscanbeseenandenjoyed.Forpracticalreasons,thesumsspentonappliedresearchinanycountryalwaysfarexceedthoseforbasicresearch,andtheproportionsaremoreunequalinthelessdevelopedcountries.Leavingasidethefundsdevotedtoresearchbyindustry—whichisnaturallyfarmoreconcernedwithappliedaspectsbecausetheseincreaseprofitsquickly—thefundstheU.S.Governmentallotstobasicresearchcurrentlymounttoabout7percentofitsover-allresearchanddevelopmentfunds.Unlessadequatesafeguardsareprovided,appliedresearchinvariablytendstodriveoutbasic.Then,asDr.Watermanhaspointedout,“Developmentswillinevitablybeundertakenprematurely,careerincentiveswillgravitatestronglytowardappliedscience,andtheopportunitiesformakingmajorscientificdiscoverieswillbelost.Unfortunately,pressurestoemphasizenewdevelopments,withoutcorrespondingemphasisuponpurescience…tendtodegradethequalityofthenation’stechnologyinthelongrun,ratherthantoimproveit.”

1.Thetitlebelowthatbestexpressestheideasofthispassageis________.

2.Industryisprimarilyinterestedinappliedresearchbecauseit________.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.TheImportanceofBasicResearch

B.Roentgen’sIgnoranceofX-rays

C.TheAttractivenessofAppliedResearch

D.BasicResearchvs.AppliedResearch

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.providesbetterunderstanding

B.offersimmediateprofit

C.drivesoutbasicresearch

D.solvespracticalproblems

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

【解析】1.主旨大意題。

1.首尾段核心句

首段第一句提出問題：WhydoestheFoundationconcentrateitssupportonbasicratherthanappliedresearch?（為什么基金會(huì)集中支持基礎(chǔ)研究而不是應(yīng)用研究？），具體介紹基礎(chǔ)研究。尾段第一句Appliedresearch,undertakentosolvespecificpracticalproblems,hasanimmediateattractivenessbecausetheresultscanbeseenandenjoyed.（應(yīng)用研究是為了解決具體的實(shí)際問題而進(jìn)行的，它具有吸引力，因?yàn)榭梢灾苯涌吹胶拖硎艹晒?。），具體講述應(yīng)用研究。這篇文章分別介紹了這兩種研究并且進(jìn)行對比，由此推斷本文的主旨是“基礎(chǔ)研究與應(yīng)用研究”。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

2.分析文章的行文結(jié)構(gòu)

本文的行文邏輯是“A—B”，分別講述基礎(chǔ)研究和應(yīng)用研究，因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

排除干擾項(xiàng)

A選項(xiàng)“基礎(chǔ)研究的重要性”：基礎(chǔ)研究僅僅是第一段的內(nèi)容，不足以概括全文，屬于以偏概全。

B選項(xiàng)“對X射線的不了解”：關(guān)鍵詞X-rays對應(yīng)第一段最后一句discoveredX-ray,hehadnoideaoftheirusefulnesstomedicine，這個(gè)例子用來