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書山有路勤為徑,學海無涯苦作舟!住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-吉林電子信息職業(yè)技術學院考試押題卷含答案詳解(圖片大小可自由調整)全文為Word可編輯,若為PDF皆為盜版,請謹慎購買!第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共100題)1.翻譯題

70年代以來,美國華人社會發(fā)生了重大的變化。最顯著的是許多來自大陸的中國人不斷涌入美國,使美國華人的人數(shù)猛增。

【答案】Sincethe1970s,majorchangeshavetakenplaceinChineseAmericansociety.Mostnotably,theinfluxofmanyChinesefrommainlandChinaintotheUnitedStateshasledtoasurgeinthenumberofChineseAmericans.

2.單選題

Homeeconomistsrecommend______inlargequantities.

問題1選項

A.tobuybasicfooditems

B.buyingbasicitemsofthefood

C.buyingbasicfooditems

D.tobuybasicitemsofthefood

【答案】C

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.tobuybasicfooditems購買基本食品B.buyingbasicitemsofthefood購買基本食品

C.buyingbasicfooditems購買基本食品D.tobuybasicitemsofthefood購買基本食品

【答案】C

【考查點】固定搭配。

【解題思路】fooditems是常見搭配,表示“食品”,可先排除B、D項;recommend可以和todo搭配,也可以與doing搭配,但是如果后面跟不定式,recommend后面要跟sb.,recommendsb.todosth.表示“建議某人去做某事”;如果后面跟doing,recommend可以直接跟,recommenddoingsth.表示“建議做某事”,所以此處選擇C項。

【干擾項排除】

A項要加sb.才符合搭配,故排除;

B、D項不符合固定搭配。

【句意】家庭經(jīng)濟學家建議大量購買基本食品。

3.單選題

Youmayneverexperienceanearthquakeoravolcaniceruptioninyourlife,butyouwill()changesintheland.

問題1選項

A.adapt

B.adopt

C.witness

D.define

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項adapt“適應,改編”;B選項adopt“采取,接受”;C選項witness“目擊,見證”;D選項define“定義,規(guī)定”。句意:在你的生命中你可能從來沒有經(jīng)歷過地震或火山爆發(fā),但是你將見證這片土地的變化。選項C符合語境。

4.單選題

InpartsoftheArctic,thelandgradesintothelandfasticeso(

)thatyoucanwalkoffthecoastandnotknowyouareoverthehiddensea.

問題1選項

A.permanently

B.imperceptibly

C.irregular

D.precariously

【答案】B

【解析】副詞辨析題。A選項permanently“永久地,長期不變地”;B選項imperceptibly“極細微地,察覺不到地”;C選項irregularly“不規(guī)則地,不整齊地”;D選項precariously“不安全地,不牢靠地”。根據(jù)句意‘在北極的部分地區(qū),陸地逐漸變成固定冰,這一點難以覺察。你可以遠離海岸,卻不知道自己在隱秘的海洋之上?!疊選項正確。

5.翻譯題

從一定角度上看,教育的目的實質上就是通過生存知識的獲得和生存能力的提高而使受教育者為未來的生活做好準備;而社會教育就是通過社會方式來實現(xiàn)這一目的。對于任何人來說,生活可以有兩個目標:一是達到或維持基本的生存水平,二是提高到更高層次。為達到這兩個目標——其實生活中它們是融合在一起的,一般不會有人把兩者割裂開來——任何時代、任何區(qū)域和社會階層都會對作為社會成員生活在這一時空與社會交叉點上的人有一個基本或起碼的知識和能力客觀要求。

【答案】Fromacertainpointofview,thepurposeofeducationistomaketheeducatedprepareforthefuturelifethroughtheacquisitionofsurvivalknowledgeandtheimprovementofsurvivalability.Socialeducationistoachievethisgoalthroughsocialmeans.Foranyone,lifecanhavetwogoals.Oneistoachieveormaintainabasiclevelofsurvival,andtheotheristoimprovetoahigherlevel.Inordertoachievethesetwogoals—infact,theyareintegratedinlife,andgenerallynoonewillcutthemapart—anyera,anyregionandsocialclasswillhaveabasicorminimumobjectiverequirementofknowledgeandabilityforpeoplelivingattheintersectionoftime,spaceandsocietyasmembersofthesociety.

6.單選題

Theadoffour-wheeledvehiclegivesviewersafeelingof()thatnomatterwhathappensweatherwise,nomatterhowmuchitsnowsorhowbadthemudslidesare,youcangooutinyourfour-wheeldrive.

問題1選項

A.invulnerability

B.irrationality

C.ambiguity

D.simplicity

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項invulnerability“刀槍不入,不會受傷害”;B選項irrationality“不合理,無理性”;C選項ambiguity“含糊,不明確”;D選項simplicity“樸素,簡易”。句意:四輪汽車的廣告給觀眾一種無堅不摧的感覺,不管天氣如何,不管下多大的雪,不管泥石流有多嚴重,都可以開著四輪汽車出門。本句表示四輪汽車不會受到傷害。因此A選項正確。

7.單選題

I’djustassoon(

)rudelytoher.

問題1選項

A.thatyouwon’tspeak

B.yournotspeaking

C.younotspeak

D.youdidn’tspeak

【答案】D

【解析】句意:我倒寧愿你沒有粗魯?shù)貙λf話。

語法題??疾樘摂M語氣。由句中關鍵詞“justassoon倒寧愿”的對應知這里應該用一般過去時來表示與現(xiàn)在事實(即你粗魯?shù)貙λf話)相反的虛擬語氣,故D項“youdidn’tspeak”正確。

8.單選題

TheFrencheducationsystemisverydifferentfromtheEnglishoneinitsaims,itsorganizationanditsresults.TheFrenchchildtoo,therawmaterialofthiseducationisunliketheEnglishchildanddifferencesintherawmaterialmaywellaccountfordifferencesintheprocessesemployed.

TheFrenchchild,boyorgirl,givesonetheimpressionofbeingintellectuallymoreprecociousthantheproductofthechillierEnglishclimate.Thisisencouragedbyhisupbringingamongadults,notinanursery.Englishparentsreadilyadapttheirconversationtothechild'spointofviewandinterestthemselvesmoreinhisgamesandchildishpreoccupation.TheEnglishare,asregardsnationalcharacter,youngerthantheFrench,or,toputitanotherway,thereisinEnglandnodeepdivisionbetweenthelifeofthechildandthatofthegrownman.TheartoftalkingtochildreninthekindoflanguagetheyunderstandissomuchanEnglishartthatmostoftheFrenchchildren'sfavoritebooksaretranslationsfromtheEnglish.

Frenchparentsontheotherhand,dotheirbesttodevelopthechild'sintelligenceasrapidlyaspossible.Theyhavelittlepatiencewithchildishideaseveniftheydonotgosofarastolookuponchildhoodasanunfortunatebutnecessarypreludetoadultlife.Notthattheyneedtoforcethechild,forheusuallylendshimselfwillinglytotheprocess,andenjoystheeffectofhisunexpectedlycleverremarksandunusualsayingsandofhisbrightjudgmentofmenandthings.ItisnotwithoutsignificancethattheFrenchmotherinsteadofappealingtothechild'sheartbyaskinghimtobegoodappealstohisreasonbyaskinghimtobewise.ReasonablenessislookedforearlyinFrance,andtheageofreasonisfixedatsevenyears.

1.IncomparingFrenchandEnglisheducationtheauthorindicatesthat().

2.ThepassagesuggeststhattheFrenchchild().

3.Theword"prelude"inthephrase"…,butnecessarypreludetoadultlife"(inthe2ndsentenceofParagraph3)probablymeans().

4.IncomparisonwithFrenchchildren,Englishchildren().

5.Frenchmothers().

問題1選項

A.agreatdealcanbelearntbybothcountries

B.differencesshouldnotbelookedforonlyinthemethods

C.theFrenchchildneedsfarmoretraining

D.themaindifferencesareinthechildren

問題2選項

A.isasheisbecauseoftheclimate

B.onlyassociateswithadults

C.isnottreatedasachild

D.isforcedtobehavelikeanadult

問題3選項

A.introductorystage

B.consequentevent

C.inevitableresult

D.acceptablereason

問題4選項

A.arelessintelligent

B.canstandchillierclimate

C.receivemorecarefromtheirparents

D.haveshorterchildhood

問題5選項

A.knowhowtoappealtowhatisbestintheirchildren

B.arethemostsignificantinfluenceintheirchildren'slives

C.theirchildren'sunexpectedlycleverremarks

D.lackpatienceineverything

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.細節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)第一段的內容可知,英國和法國在教育體系方面有著很大的差別。同時,作為教育的"原材料",兩個國家的孩子們也存在著區(qū)別。教育所采取的方法不同是因為原材料不同,即因人而異。由此可推斷,教育上的差異,不僅是教育方法不同,"原材料"也存在差異。所以選項B正確。

2.細節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)二三的的內容可知,法國的父母總是以成年人的思維對待和要求孩子,所以選項C符合原文。

3.introductorystage引入時期;consequentevent隨之而來的事情;inevitableresult必然結果;acceptablereason可接受的原因。根據(jù)上下文的內容,兒童時期是成人生活的前奏,選項A符合原文。

4.細節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)原文第二段的第三句"Englishparentsreadilyadapttheirconversationtothechild'spointofviewandinterestthemselvesmoreinhisgamesandchildishpreoccupation."英國父母很容易根據(jù)孩子的觀點調整他們的談話,并且使自己能夠對孩子們的游戲和關注的一些幼稚的東西感興趣。說明英國的孩子比法國孩子受到父母更多的關愛,選項C正確。

5.細節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)題干關鍵詞Frenchmothers定位到最后一段的倒數(shù)第二句"ItisnotwithoutsignificancethattheFrenchmotherinsteadofappealingtothechild'sheartbyaskinghimtobegoodappealstohisreasonbyaskinghimtobewise."法國母親不是通過要求孩子做個好人來打動孩子的心,而是通過要求他做個聰明的人來打動他的理智,這并非沒有意義。選項A符合原文。

9.單選題

Theabilitytorecognizefacesissoimportantinhumansthatthebrainappearstohaveanareasolelydevotedtothetask:thefusiformgyrus.

Brainimagingstudiesconsistently(1)thatthisregionofthetemporallobebecomesactivewhen

(2)

lookatfaces.Skepticshavecountered,however,thatthesestudiesshowonlya

(3)

,butnotproof,thatactivityinthisareaisessentialforface

(4)

.Now,thankstothewillingnessofanintrepid

(5)

,anewstudyprovidesthefirstcause-and-effect

(6)

thatneuronsinthisareahelphumansrecognizefaces-andonly

(7)

,nototherbodypartsorobjects.

Anunusual

(8)

betweenresearchersandanepilepsypatientledtothe

(9).RonBlackwell,anengineerinSantaClara,California,

(10)StanfordUniversityinPaloAlto,California,in2011seekingbettertreatment

(11)

hisepilepsy.Hehadsufferedseizuressincehewasateenager,andatage47,his

(12)

wasbecominglesseffective.StanfordneurologistJosefParvizi

(13)

someteststolocatethesourceoftheseizures-andalsosuggestedthatitmightbe

(14)

toeliminatetheseizuresbysurgicallydestroyingatiny

(15)

ofbraintissuewheretheyoccurred.

Parviziusedelectrodes

(16)

onBlackwell’sscalptotracetheseizurestothetemporallobe,aboutaninch

(17)

Blackwell’srightear.Then,surgeonsplacedmoreelectrodesonthe

(18)

ofBlackwell’sbrain,nearthesuspectpointoforigininthetemporal

(19).Parvizistimulatedeachelectrodeinturnwithamildcurrent,trying

(20)Blackwell’sseizuresymptomsundersafeconditions.“Ifwegetthosesymptoms,weknowthatweareticklingtheseizurenode,”heexplains.

問題1選項

A.investigate

B.reveal

C.find

D.found

問題2選項

A.researchers

B.people

C.human

D.objects

問題3選項

A.corrosion

B.counterfeit

C.correction

D.objects

問題4選項

A.recognition

B.realization

C.imagination

D.description

問題5選項

A.counterpart

B.fellow

C.sufferer

D.partner

問題6選項

A.evidence

B.source

C.wit

D.facture

問題7選項

A.facets

B.faces

C.facial

D.facile

問題8選項

A.collaboration

B.deliberation

C.matching

D.gathering

問題9選項

A.imagination

B.conclusion

C.combination

D.discovery

問題10選項

A.droveto

B.heldup

C.cameto

D.madewayfor

問題11選項

A.for

B.forth

C.about

D.with

問題12選項

A.treatment

B.medication

C.perception

D.operation

問題13選項

A.pointed

B.managed

C.supplied

D.suggested

問題14選項

A.clear

B.worthy

C.possible

D.certain

問題15選項

A.area

B.segment

C.fragment

D.par

問題16選項

A.installed

B.settled

C.placed

D.distilled

問題17選項

A.around

B.above

C.beneath

D.across

問題18選項

A.surface

B.surficial

C.surfer

D.surfeit

問題19選項

A.scalp

B.section

C.lobe

D.leaf

問題20選項

A.toirrigate

B.totrigger

C.tobarrel

D.toflick

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:C

第6題:A

第7題:B

第8題:A

第9題:D

第10題:C

第11題:A

第12題:B

第13題:D

第14題:C

第15題:A

第16題:C

第17題:B

第18題:A

第19題:C

第20題:B

【解析】(1)考查動詞詞義辨析。investigate調查,研究;reveal揭露,透露;find發(fā)現(xiàn)。這里指“通過腦成像研究的發(fā)現(xiàn)”,所以C項符合題意。答案C。

(2)考查名詞詞義辨析。此處意為:當人們看著人臉時,顳葉的這一區(qū)域會變得活躍。people這里泛指所有人,故答案為B。

(3)考查名詞詞義辨析。corrosion腐蝕;counterfeit偽造品;correction改正;objects物體。由后文的“butnotproof沒有證據(jù)”可知C項正確。答案C。

(4)考查名詞詞義辨析。recognition識別,承認;realization實現(xiàn),領悟;imagination想象力;description描述。文章開頭就指出“面孔識別能力非常重要”,故A項正確。答案A。

(5)考查名詞詞義辨析。intrepid勇敢的,無畏的,由于癲癇是一種病,綜合上下文,可以知道這里是選擇患者。Counterpart配對物;fellow同事;sufferer患者,受害者;partner伙伴,合伙人。答案C。

(6)考查名詞詞義辨析。evidence證據(jù);source來源;wit智慧;facture制作,發(fā)票。通過上下文語境可知,前面還沒有有力的證據(jù)可以說明兩者之間的關系,后面已經(jīng)找到這種因果證據(jù),所以,可知答案選擇A。

(7)考查形近詞辨析。facets面狀;face臉,表面;facial面部的;facile溫和的。神經(jīng)元只能區(qū)別臉部,后面nototherbody

partsorobjects.可知答案為B。

(8)考查名詞詞義辨析。collaboration合作,勾結;deliberation審議,考慮;matching相配的;gathering聚集。由betweenand可知這里考查的是兩者之間的合作,答案A。

(9)考查名詞詞義辨析。imagination想象;conclusion結論;combination結合;discovery發(fā)現(xiàn)。通過上下文的語境可知答案為D。

(10)考查動詞詞組辨析。droveto驅車前往;heldup舉起;cameto前來;madewayfor給······讓路此處句意為:布萊克威爾只身來到斯坦福大學參加治療。只有C項符合語義。答案C。

(11)考查介詞詞義辨析。for“為,為了;給”,符合題意,答案A。

(12)考查名詞詞義辨析。treatment“治療,療法;medication“藥物;藥物治療”,分析上下文可知這里是指藥物治療,所以后面布萊克威爾才來到斯坦福做外科手術。答案B。

(13)考查動詞詞義辨析。Point指向;supply供應;manage管理;suggest表明。由alsosuggested可以推出此處答案為suggest,答案D。

(14)考查形容詞詞義辨析。Clear清晰的;worthy值得的;possible可能的;certain肯定的。帕維茨認為是非常可能的,這里只是他的推測,并不是很確定。故答案C。

(15)考查名詞詞義辨析。area區(qū)域,范圍;segment段,部分;fragment碎片,片斷;par標準,票面價值。由上下文可知答案為A。

(16)考查動詞詞義辨析。Install安裝;settle解決,安排;place放置,任命;distill提取,蒸餾。由“placedmoreelectrodeson加更多電極在···上···”可知C項符合題意。答案C。

(17)考查介詞詞義辨析。醫(yī)生將電極放置在布萊克威爾的右耳上一英寸的地方,B項符合句意。答案B。

(18)考查形近詞詞義辨析。surface表面,表層;surficial地表的;地面的;surfer沖浪運動員,surfeit過度;飲食過度;這里是指將電極放置在大腦的表皮層。答案A。

(19)考查名詞詞義辨析。Scalp頭皮,戰(zhàn)利品;section地區(qū);lobe(腦、肺等的)葉,耳垂;leaf葉子。temporallobe表示顳葉,故答案為C。

(20)考查動詞詞義辨析。trigger引發(fā),觸發(fā);irrigate灌溉,沖洗;barrel把······裝入桶內;flick輕彈,輕輕拂去。由句意“在安全的條件下嘗試了40次去觸發(fā)布萊克威爾的癲癇癥狀。”可知答案為B。

10.單選題

Atallagesandatallstagesoflife,fearpresentsaproblemtoalmosteveryone.“Wearelargelytheplaythingsofourfears,"wrotetheBritishauthorHoraceWalpolemanyyearsago."Toone,fearofthedark;toanother,ofphysicalpain;toathird,ofpublicridicule;toafourth,ofpoverty;toafifth,ofloneliness—forallofusourparticularcreaturewaitsinahiddenplace.”

Fearisoftenausefulemotion.Whenyoubecomefrightened,manyphysicalchangesoccurwithinyourbody.Yourheartbeatandresponsesquicken;yourpupilsexpandtoadmitmorelight;largequantitiesofenergy-producingadrenaline(腎上激素)arepouredintoyourbloodstream.Confrontedwithafireoraccident,fearcanfuellife-savingflight.Similarly,whenadangerispsychologicalratherthanphysical,fearcanforceyoutotakeself-protectivemeasures.Itisonlywhenfearisdisproportionaltothedangerathandthatitbecomesaproblem.

Somepeoplearesimplymorevulnerabletofearthanothers.Avisittothenewbornnurseryofanylargehospitalwilldemonstratethat,fromthemomentoftheirbirths,afewfortunateinfantsrespondcalmlytosuddenfear-producingsituationssuchasaloudlyslammeddoor.Yetaneighborinthenextbedmaycryoutwithprofoundfright.Frombirth,heorsheismorepronetolearnfearfulresponsesbecauseheorshehasinheritedatendencytobemoresensitive.

Further,psychologistsknowthatourearlyexperiencesandrelationshipsstronglyshapeanddetermineourlaterfears.AyoungmannamedBill,forexample,grewupwithafatherwhoregardedeachadversityasatemporaryobstacletobeovercomewithimaginationandcourage.Usinghisfatherasamodel,Billcametowelcomeadventureandtotrusthisownabilitytosolveproblem.

Phil’sdad,however,spentmostofhistimetryingtoprotecthimselfandhisfamily.Afraidtorisktheinsecurityofajobchange,heremainedunhappyinoneposition.Heavoidedlongvacationsbecause"thecarmightbreakdown."Growingupinsuchahome,Philnaturallylearnedtobecomefearfulandtense.

1.InthelastsentenceofParagraph1,“ourparticularcreature”refersto(

).

2.Fearcanbeausefulemotiontousbecauseitcan

).

3.Fearbecomesaproblemonlywhen

).

4.Differentresponsesofnewborninfantstoaloudlyslammeddoorimplythat

).

5.Psychologistshavefoundthatourlaterfearsaredeterminedlargelybyour(

).

問題1選項

A.fearofsomething

B.publicridicule

C.physicalpain

D.afiercebeast

問題2選項

A.quickenourheartbeatandresponses

B.helpusrespondquicklytodangerandprotectourselves

C.stimulatemanyphysicalchangeswithinourbody

D.pourlargequantitiesofadrenalineintoourbloodstream.

問題3選項

A.onecannotstandthedanger

B.oneisnotwellpreparedforit

C.thedangerismorepsychologicalthanphysical

D.thedangeristhoughtgreaterthanitreallyis

問題4選項

A.peoplesometimesseemtoturnadeafeartonoise

B.somepeopleseemtobeverysensitivetonoise

C.somepeopleareinherentlymoreeasilyaffectedbydanger

D.people’sresponsetostimuliisnotaninheritedfeature

問題5選項

A.parents’lifestyle

B.earlyexperiences

C.schooleducation

D.homeeducation

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】1.詞義題。文章第一段的首句Atallagesandatallstagesoflife,fearpresentsaproblemtoalmosteveryone.(在生命的各個階段,恐懼對每個人來說都幾乎是一個問題)是本段的主題句,緊接著HoraceWalpole對所恐懼的東西進行具體的舉例,如黑暗、身體疼痛、公開嘲笑、貧困、孤獨,破折號后是對恐懼的這些東西的一個總的概括,由本段的主題fear及“forallofusourparticularcreaturewaitsinahiddenplace(對我們所有人來說,這些特殊的東西藏在一個隱蔽的地方)”可知A選項符合題意。

2.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)題干關鍵詞usefulemotion定位到文章第二段,由Similarly,whenadangerispsychologicalratherthanphysical,fearcanforceyoutotakeself-protectivemeasures.(同樣,當危險是心理而不是身體時,恐懼會迫使你采取自我保護措施)可知B選項“幫助我們快速應對危險,保護自己”符合題意。

3.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)題干關鍵詞aproblem定位到文章第二段Itisonlywhenfearisdisproportionaltothedangerathandthatitbecomesaproblem.(只有當恐懼與眼前的危險不成比例時,它才會成為一個問題)可知D選項“危險比實際情況更大”符合題意。

4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干關鍵詞newborn定位到文章第三段,本段的主題句為Somepeoplearesimplymorevulnerabletofearthanothers.(有些人比其他人更容易受到恐懼的傷害)。由Frombirth,heorsheismorepronetolearnfearfulresponsesbecauseheorshehasinheritedatendencytobemoresensitive.(從出生起,他或她更容易學會恐懼的反應,因為他或她遺傳了一種更敏感的傾向)可知有些人生下來就更容易受到恐懼的影響,舉例是為了表明本段的主題句,因此C選項“有些人天生就更容易受到危險的影響”符合題意。

5.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)題干關鍵詞psychologists定位到文章第四段,由psychologistsknowthatourearlyexperiencesandrelationshipsstronglyshapeanddetermineourlaterfears(心理學家確信我們早期的經(jīng)歷和關系很大程度地塑造和決定了我們日后的恐懼)可知B選項“早期的經(jīng)歷”符合題意。

11.單選題

Stressisastateofimbalancebetweendemandsmadeonusfromoutsidesourcesandourcapabilitiestomeetthosedemands.Often,itprecedesandoccursconcurrentlywithconflict.Stress,asyouhaveseen,canbebroughtonbyphysicalevents,otherpeople’sbehavior,socialsituations,ourownbehavior,feelings,thoughts,oranythingthatresultsinheightenedbodilyawareness.Inmanycases,whenyouexperiencepain,anger,fear,ordepression,theseemotionsarearesponsetoastressfulsituationlikeconflict.

Sometimes,inhighlystressfulconflictsituations,wemustcopewiththestressbeforewecopewiththeconflict.Relievingsomeoftheintensityoftheimmediateemotionalresponsewillallowustobecomemorelogicalandtolerantinresolvingtheconflict.

Peopleresponddifferentlytoconflictjustastheyresponddifferentlytostress.Somepeoplehandlebothbetterthanothersdo.Individualdifferencesarenotasimportantaslearninghowtomanagethestresswefeel.Thegoalinstressmanagementisself-control,particularlyinthefaceofstressfulevents.

Controllingphysicalsymptomsofstressrequiresrelaxation.Sitinacomfortablepositioninaquietplacewheretherearenodistractions.Closeyoureyesandpaynoattentiontotheoutsideworld.Concentrateonlyonyourbreathing.Slowlyinhaleandexhale.Now,witheachexhaledbreathsay“relax”gentlyandpassively.Makeitarelaxingexperience.Ifyouusethismethodtohelpyouinconflictsituationsoveraperiodoftime,theword“relax”willbecomeassociatedwithasenseofphysicalcalm;sayingitinastressfulsituationwillhelpinduceasenseofpeace.

Controllingyourthoughtsisthesecondmajorelementinstressmanagement.Managingstresssuccessfullyrequiresflexibilityinthinking.Thatis,youmustconsideralternativeviews.Yourcurrentviewiscausingthestress!Youmustalsokeepfromattachingexaggeratedimportancetoevents.

Everythingseemslife-threateninginamomentofpanic;thingsdiminimportancewhenviewedinretrospect.

1.Themainpointofthisreadingisthat____________.

2.Controllingyourthoughtsalwaysinvolves____________.

3.Humanresponsetostressis____________.

4.Theauthor’sprimarypurposeinwritingtheselectionisto____________.

5.Whichofthefollowingstatementsincludedintheselectionmostdirectlysupportsthewriter’sviewthatstressiscontrollable?

問題1選項

A.Stressisanimbalanceofinternalandexternaldemands

B.Controllingphysicalreactionsandthoughtsisaneffectivemeansofmanagingstress

C.Relaxationisthekeytosuccessfulstressmanagement

D.Stressmanagementrequiresaproblem-solvingapproach

問題2選項

A.consideringthesituationinalternativeviewpoints

B.visualizingyourselfmanagingthestressful

C.relaxationtechniquestoeliminatephysicalsymptoms

D.asenseofbeingoverwhelmedbythesituation

問題3選項

A.universal

B.variableaccordingtosex

C.unchanging

D.individual

問題4選項

A.explaintherelationshipbetweenstressandconflict

B.instructthereaderhowtocontrolstress

C.describerelaxationtechniques

D.persuadethereadertoreducestressthroughbreathing

問題5選項

A.Thingsdiminimportancewhenviewedinretrospect.

B.Stressisanimbalancebetweendemands.

C.Peopleresponddifferentlytoconflict,justastheyresponddifferentlytostress.

D.Managingstresssuccessfullyrequiresflexibilityinthinking.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】1.觀點態(tài)度題。文章第一二段對壓力這個話題進行引入后,第三段最后一句Thegoalinstressmanagementisself-control(壓力管理的目標是自我控制)交代下文主要內容,第四段講述Controllingphysicalsymptomsofstressrequiresrelaxation.(可以控制壓力的身體癥狀需要放松。),第五段講述Controllingyourthoughtsisthesecondmajorelementinstressmanagement.(控制思想是壓力管理的第二個主要因素),第六段對文章進行結尾,文章用了一半多的篇幅講述如何管理壓力,綜上可知,本文的主要觀點是B選項“控制身體的反應和思想是管理壓力的有效方法”。A選項“壓力是內在和外在需求的不平衡”:僅在第一段提到作為引入,沒有貫穿全文,故錯誤。C選項“放松是成功管理壓力的關鍵”:僅僅是主要觀點的一個方面,故錯誤。D選項“壓力管理需要一種解決問題的方法”:文章沒有提到在解決問題的層面緩解壓力,故錯誤。因此B選項正確。

2.事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)第五段第三句Thatis,youmustconsideralternativeviews.(也就是說,你必須考慮不同的觀點。),可知控制思想需要考慮不同觀點,所以A選項“用不同的觀點來考慮情況”正確。B選項“想象自己管理壓力”文章沒有提到,故錯誤。C選項“消除身體癥狀的放松技巧”:屬于身體范疇,不是思想范疇,故錯誤。D選項“被形勢壓倒的感覺”:根據(jù)第五段最后一句Youmustalsokeepfromattachingexaggeratedimportancetoevents.(你也必須避免夸大事件的重要性),表明要避免被形勢壓倒的感覺,故錯誤。因此A選項正確。

3.事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)第三段第一句Peopleresponddifferentlytoconflictjustastheyresponddifferentlytostress.(人們對沖突的反應和對壓力的反應是不同的。),可知人們對壓力的反應因人而異,所以D選項“個人的”正確,A選項“普遍的”錯誤。B選項“根據(jù)性別變化”:文章沒有提到男女在面對壓力的不同。C選項“不變的”:文章主要內容講如何調節(jié)壓力,可知對壓力的反應可以改變,故錯誤。因此D選項正確。

4.作者意圖題。根據(jù)第一段stressisastateofimbalance(壓力是一種失衡的狀態(tài))講述壓力是什么,通過Often,itprecedesandoccursconcurrentlywithconflict.(它通常伴隨沖突出現(xiàn),并出現(xiàn)在沖突之前。)講述為什么產(chǎn)生壓力,根據(jù)第二段Relievingsomeoftheintensityoftheimmediateemotionalresponsewillallowustobecomemorelogicalandtolerantinresolvingtheconflict.(減輕一些強烈的即時情緒反應將使我們在解決沖突時變得更有邏輯性和寬容)講為什么要管理壓力,在第三到第五段講怎樣管理壓力,綜上分析,可知作者的主要目的是讓讀者認識壓力和學習管理壓力,所以B選項“指導讀者如何控制壓力”正確。A選項“解釋壓力和沖突之間的關系”:屬于為什么產(chǎn)生壓力,不全面,故錯誤。C選項“描述放松技巧”和D選項“說服讀者通過呼吸來減輕壓力”:屬于怎樣管理壓力,不全面,故錯誤。因此B選項正確。

5.推理判斷題。A選項“回想起來,事情就不那么重要了”:事情重要與否和壓力能否控制不是一回事,不能相提并論,故錯誤。B選項“壓力是需求之間的不平衡”:這里點出為什么會有壓力,卻沒有表示需求和控制壓力的關系,故錯誤。C選項“人們對沖突的反應不同,就像他們對壓力的反應不同一樣”:只是點出壓力因人而異,沒有提到能否控制,故錯誤。D選項“成功地管理壓力需要思維上的靈活性”:這里點出了成功地管理壓力,表示壓力可以通過管理而得到控制,因此D選項正確。

12.單選題

Television一thatmostpervasive(遍布的)andpersuasiveofmoderntechnologies,markedbyrapidchangeandgrowth—ismovingintoanewera,aneraofextraordinarysophisticationandversatility,whichpromisestoreshapeourlivesandourworld.Itisanelectronicrevolutionofsorts,madepossiblebythemarriageoftelevisionandcomputertechnologies.

Theword“television”,derivedfromitsGreek(tele:distant)andLatin(vision:sight)roots,canliterallybeinterpretedassightfromadistance.Verysimplyput,itworksinthisway:throughasophisticatedsystemofelectronics,televisionprovidesthecapabilityofconvertinganimage(focusedonaspecialphotoconductiveplatewithinacamera)intoelectronicsimpulses,whichcanbesentthroughawireoracable.Theseimpulses,whenfedintoareceiver(televisionset),canthenbeelectronicallyreconstitutedintothatsameimage.

Televisionismorethanjustanelectronicssystem,however.Itisameansofexpression,aswellasavehicleforcommunication,andassuchbecomesapowerfultoolforreachingotherhumanbeings.

Thefieldoftelevisioncanbedividedintotwocategoriesdeterminedbyitsmeansoftransmission.First,thereisbroadcasttelevision,whichreachedthemassesthroughbroad-basedairwavetransmissionoftelevisionsignals.Second,thereisnon-broadcasttelevision,whichprovidedfortheneedsofindividualsorspecificinterestgroupsthroughcontrolledtransmissiontechniques.

Traditionally,televisionhasbeenamediumofthemasses.Wearemostfamiliarwithbroadcasttelevisionbecauseithasbeenwithusforthirty-sevenyearsinaformsimilartowhatexiststoday.Duringthoseyears,ithasbeencontrolled,forthemostpart,bythebroadcastnetworks,ABC,NBC,andCBS,whohavebeenthemajorpurveyors(傳播者)ofthenews,informationandentertainment.Thesegiantsofbroadcastinghavenotonlyshapedtelevisionbutourperception(感覺)aswell.Wehavecometolookuponthepicturetubeasasourceofentertainment,placingourroleinthisdynamicmediumasthepassiveviewer.

1.Withwhichtopicisthepassageprimarilyconcerned?

2.Theword“put”(2ndsentenceof2ndPara.)couldbestbereplacedbywhichofthefollowing?

3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedinthepassageasafunctionofelectronicsintelevisiontransmissions?

4.Whatfieldoftelevisionisintendedforspecificgroups?

5.Whichofthefollowingstatementsabouttherelationshipbetweentelevisionanditsviewerscanbestbeinferredfromthepassage?

問題1選項

A.Recentchangesinmodemtechnology.

B.Themarriageofbroadcastinggiants.

C.Theroleoftelevisionintoday’ssociety.

D.Thecontentofbroadcasttelevisionprograms.

問題2選項

A.expressed

B.asked

C.placed

D.inserted

問題3選項

A.Theconversionofimageintoelectronicsimpulses.

B.Thesendingofimpulsesthroughawirecable.

C.Thechangingofoneimageintoanotherimage.

D.Thefeedingofimpulsesintoareceiver.

問題4選項

A.Broad-based.

B.Reconstituted.

C.Traditional.

D.Non-broadcast.

問題5選項

A.Viewersdonottakeanactiveroleinwatchingtelevision.

B.Viewerswouldpreferincreasednewscoverage.

C.Viewersliketousetelevisiontoreachotherhumanbeings.

D.Viewersaregrowntiredoftelevision.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】1.主旨題。文章第一段講到電視將改變我們的生活和我們的世界,接下來講述了電視在當今社會所扮演的角色。所以選項C最能概括全文。

2.語義題。根據(jù)前后文可知,verysimplyput可以理解為“簡單地說”,這里的put意為“表達”,所以本題選A。

3.細節(jié)判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的第二句“televisionprovidesthecapabilityofconvertinganimage(focusedonaspecialphotoconductiveplatewithinacamera)intoelectronicsimpulses,whichcanbesentthroughawireoracable.”可知選項A和B正確;根據(jù)第二段的最后一句“Theseimpulses,whenfedintoareceiver(televisionset),canthenbeelectronicallyreconstitutedintothatsameimage.”可知選項D正確,而選項C錯誤。原文指轉換成相同的圖像,而不是把一種圖像轉換成另一種圖像。所以本題選C。

4.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)第四段的最后一句“thereisnon-broadcasttelevision,whichprovidedfortheneedsofindividualsorspecificinterestgroups”可知選項D正確。

5.細節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的最后一句“Wehavecometolookuponthepicturetubeasasourceofentertainment,placingourroleinthisdynamicmediumasthepassiveviewer.”我們的娛樂來源于顯像管,在這個靜態(tài)的媒體面前扮演著被動的觀看者的角色。選項A換了一種方式表達,也是符合原文的。

13.單選題

Bankershavebeenblamingthemselvesfortheirtroubleinpublic.Behindthescenes,theyhavebeentakingaimatsomeoneelse:theaccountingstandard-setters.Theirrules,moanthebanks,haveforcedthemtoreportenormouslosses,andit’sjustnotfair.Theserulessaytheymustvaluesomeassetsatthepriceathirdpartywouldpay,notthepricemanagersandregulatorswouldlikethemtofetch.

Unfortunately,banks’lobbyingnowseemstobeworking.Thedetailsmaybeunknowable,buttheindependenceofstandard-setters,essentialtotheproperfunctioningofcapitalmarkets,isbeingcompromised.And,unlessbankscarrytoxicassetsatpricesthatattractbuyers,revivingthebankingsystemwillbedifficult.

AfterabruisingencounterwithCongress,America’sFinancialAccountingStandardsBoard(FASB)rushedthroughrulechanges.Thesegavebanksmorefreedomtousemodelstov

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