考研考博-英語-合肥學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解2

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-合肥學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Idon’tthinkJohnsonwillsucceedinhisnewjob,forheisnot（

）todothattypeof

work.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.compatible

B.convenient

C.consistent

D.competent

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。compatible“兼容的，能共處的”；convenient“方便的”；consistent“始終如一的，一致的”；competent“能勝任的，有能力的”。句意：我認(rèn)為約翰遜的新工作不會(huì)成功，因?yàn)樗荒軇偃芜@份工作。becompetentto“勝任······”，所以選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

2.單選題

Onceitwaspossibletodefinemaleandfemaleroleseasilybythedivisionoflabor.Menworkedoutsidethehomeandearnedtheincometosupporttheirfamilies,whilewomencookedthemealsandtookcareofthehomeandthechildren.Theseroleswerefirmlyfixedformostpeople,andtherewasnotmuchopportunityforwomentoexchangetheirroles.Butbythemiddleofthiscentury,men’sandwomen’sroleswerebecominglessfirmlyfixed.

Inthe1950s,economicandsocialsuccesswasthegoalofthetypicalAmerican.Butinthe1960sanewforcedevelopedcalledthecounterculture.Thepeopleinvolvedinthismovementdidnotvaluethemiddle-classAmericangoals.Thecounterculturepresentedmenandwomenwithnewrolechoices.Takingmoreinterestinchildcare,menbegantosharechild-raisingtaskswiththeirwives.Infact,someyoungmenandwomenmovedtocommunalhomesorfarmswheretheeconomicandchildcareresponsibilitiesweresharedequallybybothsexes.Inaddition,manyAmericansdidnotvaluethetraditionalmaleroleofsoldier.SomeyoungmenrefusedtobedraftedassoldierstofightinthewarinVietnam.

Intermsofnumbers,thecounterculturewasnotaverylargegroupofpeople.ButitsinfluencespreadtomanypartsofAmericansociety.Workingmenofallclassesbegantochangetheireconomicandsocialpatterns.Industrialworkersandbusinessexecutivesalikecutdownon“overtime”worksothattheycouldspendmoreleisuretimewiththeirfamilies.Somedoctors,lawyers,andteachersturnedawayfromhighpayingsituationstopracticetheirprofessionsinpoorerneighborhoods.

Inthe1970s,thefeministmovement,orwomen’sliberation,producedadditionaleconomicandsocialchanges.Womenofallagesandatalllevelsofsocietywereenteringtheworkforceingreaternumbers.Mostofthemstilltooktraditionalwomen’sjobsaspublicschoolteaching,nursing,andsecretarialwork.Butsomewomenbegantoentertraditionallymaleoccupations:policework,banking,dentistry,andconstructionwork.Womenwereaskingforequalwork,andequalopportunitiesforpromotion.

Todaytheexpertsgenerallyagreethatimportantchangesaretakingplaceintherolesofmenandwomen.Naturally,therearedifficultiesinadjustingtothesetransformations.

1.WhichofthefollowingbestexpressthemainideaofParagraph1?

2.WhichsentencebestexpressesthemainideaofParagraph2?

3.Inthepassagetheauthorproposesthatthecounterculture（

）.

4.Itcouldbeinferredfromthepassagethat

（

）.

5.Thebesttitleforthepassagemaybe（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Womenusuallyworkedoutsidethehomeforwages.

B.Menandwomen’sroleswereeasilyexchangedinthepast.

C.Men’srolesathomeweremorefirmlyfixedthanwomen’s.

D.Menandwomen’sroleswereusuallyquiteseparatedinthepast.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Thefirstsentence.

B.Thesecondandthethirdsentences.

C.Thefourthsentence.

D.Thelastsentence.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.destroyedtheUnitedStates

B.transformedsomeAmericanvalues

C.wasnotimportantintheUnitedStates

D.broughtpeoplemoreleisuretimewiththeirfamilies

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.menandwomenwillneversharethesamegoals

B.somemenwillbewillingtoexchangetheirtraditionalmaleroles

C.mostmenwillbehappytosharesomeofthehouseholdresponsibilitieswiththeirwives

D.moreAmericanhouseholdsareheadedbywomenthaneverbefore

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.ResultsofFeministMovements

B.NewinfluenceinAmericanLife

C.CountercultureandItsconsequence

D.TraditionalDivisionofMaleandFemaleRoles

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】第1題:主旨大意題。由文章第一段中Menworkedoutsidethehomeandearnedtheincometosupporttheirfamilies,whilewomencookedthemealsandtookcareofthehomeandthechildren.Theseroleswerefirmlyfixedformostpeople,andtherewasnotmuchopportunityforwomentoexchangetheirroles.可知過去男女的分工明確，角色相對(duì)固定，因此選D。

第2題:主旨大意題。文章第二段主要講述了反主流文化對(duì)男女分工角色的影響，再根據(jù)第一段最后一句中Butbythemiddleofthiscentury,men’sandwomen’sroleswerebecominglessfirmlyfixed.（但是到了本世紀(jì)中葉，男性和女性的角色越來越不固定）可知C選項(xiàng)最符合題意。A選項(xiàng)“在20世紀(jì)50年代，經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)的成功是典型的美國人的目標(biāo)”；B選項(xiàng)“但是在20世紀(jì)60年代，一支新的力量被稱為反文化。參與這場運(yùn)動(dòng)的人并不重視美國中產(chǎn)階級(jí)的目標(biāo)；C選項(xiàng)“反主流文化為男性和女性提供了新的角色選擇”；D選項(xiàng)“一些年輕男性拒絕應(yīng)征當(dāng)兵參加越南戰(zhàn)爭”。

第3題:推理判斷題。由文章第三段中ButitsinfluencespreadtomanypartsofAmericansociety（但它的影響卻蔓延到美國社會(huì)的許多方面）可推測反主流文化改變了美國的一些價(jià)值觀，因此選B。

第4題:推理判斷題。由文章第二段中Takingmoreinterestinchildcare,menbegantosharechild-raisingtaskswiththeirwives.Infact,someyoungmenandwomenmovedtocommunalhomesorfarmswheretheeconomicandchildcareresponsibilitiesweresharedequallybybothsexes.（由于對(duì)育兒更感興趣，男人們開始和妻子分擔(dān)撫養(yǎng)孩子的任務(wù)。事實(shí)上，一些年輕男女搬進(jìn)了公共住宅或農(nóng)場，在那兒雙方共同承擔(dān)經(jīng)濟(jì)和撫養(yǎng)孩子的責(zé)任）可推測C選項(xiàng)“大多數(shù)男人都很樂意和妻子分擔(dān)一些家務(wù)”符合題意。

第5題:主旨大意題。文章第一段講述了過去社會(huì)男女分工明確，角色固定；第二三段講述了反主流文化以及它的影響；第四段講述了女權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)給美國社會(huì)和經(jīng)濟(jì)帶來的變化；最后一段簡單概括男女地位的變化與轉(zhuǎn)變中的困難。因此B選項(xiàng)“美國生活的新影響”符合題意。

3.單選題

Agenerationofe-mailing,followedbyanexplosionintexting,haspushedthetelephoneconversationintoseriousdecline,creatingnewtensionsbetweenbabyboomersandmillennial-thoseintheirteens,20sandearly30s.

Nearlyallagegroupsarespendinglesstimetalkingonthephone;boomersintheirmid-5Osandearly60saretheonlyonesstillyakkingastheydidwhenMaBellwasAmerica’scommunicationsqueen.Butthefallofthecallisdrivenby18-to-34-year-olds,whoseaveragemonthlyvoiceminuteshaveplungedfromabout1,200to900inthepasttwoyears,accordingtotheresearchbyNielsen.Textingamong18-to-24-year-oldshasmorethandoubledinthesameperiod,fromanaverageof600messagesamonthtwoyearsagotomorethan1,400textsamonth,accordingtoNielsen.

Youngpeoplesaytheyavoidvoicecallsbecausetheimmediacyofaphonecallstripsthemofthecontrolthattheyhaveoverthearguablyless-intimatepleasuresoftexting,e-mailing,orFacebooking.Theyevencomplainthatphonecallsarebytheirnatureimpolite,moreofaninterruptionthantheblipofanarrivingtext.Thebias,againstunexpectedphonecallsstemsingoodpartfromthewaytextingande-mailhaveconditionedyoungpeopletobecautiousabouthowtheycommunicatewhentheyarenotfacetoface,experts,say.

DeborahTannen,alinguisticsprofessoratGeorgetownUniversitywhostudieshowpeopleconverseineverydaylife,saidoldergenerationsmisinterpretthewayyoungerpeopleusetheircellphones.“Onestudenttoldmethatittakesherdaystocallherparentsbackandtheparentsthoughtshewasintentionallyputtingthemoff.”shesaid.“Buttheparentsdidn’tgetit.It’sthemedium.”

Thedifferenceincommunicationspreferenceshascreatedapalpableperceptiongapbetweenyoungadultsandtheirparents.JaneBeard,whocoachesbusinessleadersonpublicspeaking,saidthatwhenherniece,LindsaySpencer,20,“isinclassesattheUniversityofMaryland,I’llneverhearfromheruntilshecomesovertodothelaundry.Wetextmultipletimesaday.”

ButBeardisunderstandingaboutthechangeinwaysofconversing.Notallparentsarequitethatopentonewways.“Mymomgetsoffended,”saidMuggagaKintu,32,anadministrativeassistantatWalterReedArmyMedicalCenterwhopreferstextingorcallingonhisowntimewhenhe’snotaroundpatients.“ShethinksIdon’twanttohearfromher,andthat’snotthecase.OnedayshecalledmewhenIwasatwork,andItoldher,‘Insteadofcallingme,canyoutextme?’‘What?Youdon’tliketohearfromme?Youdon’tlikethesoundofmyvoice?’Shesaid.”

1.WhodrivesthedeclineoftelephoneconversationaccordingtotheresearchbyNielsen?

2.Whydotheyoungpeopleavoidphonecalls?

3.Whatdoexpertssayaboutyoungpeople’sbiasagainstunexpectedphonecalls?

4.AccordingtoDeborahTannen,theoldergenerationsshouldrecognizethat______.

5.WhatcanweconcludebasedontheexperiencesofJaneBeardandMuggagaKintu?

A.Thelesspopularityofphonecallsshouldarousetheyoung’sconcern.

B.Liveshavechangedfundamentallyduetothechangeofcommunication.

C.Answeringaphonecallcausesgreatpressureontheyoung.

D.Perceptiongapemergesduetodifferentcommunicationpreferences.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Babyboomers.

B.Millennials.

C.18-to-34-year-olds.

D.18-to-24-year-olds.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Theyfeeltheyaredeprivedofcontrol.

B.Theyfeelnotintimateenoughtohavephonecalls.

C.Theywanttomakeshorterconversations.

D.Theyfallvictimtotheneglectofphonecalls.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Itisbecausetheyareafraidthattheymaybeseenasrudeorintrusive.

B.Itrootsinthewaythate-mailsandtextsenablethemtomakemorecarefulresponses.

C.Theytendtomakeanappointmentbytextingbeforetheycall.

D.Theybecomelessaddictedtoface-to-facecommunication.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.theirchildrenarejusttoobusytoreply

B.it’sthemediumthatmakesdifference

C.childrencomplainaboutthefrequentcalls

D.theyareintrudingtheirchildren’slives

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.theirchildrenarejusttoobusytoreply

B.it’sthemediumthatmakesdifference

C.childrencomplainaboutthefrequentcalls

D.theyareintrudingtheirchildren’slives

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】1.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干可以定位到文中第二段第三句Butthefallofthecallisdrivenby18-to-34-year-olds,whoseaveragemonthlyvoiceminuteshaveplungedfromabout1,200to900inthepasttwoyears,accordingtotheresearchbyNielsen.（尼爾森公司的調(diào)查顯示，18歲至34歲的年輕人是通話次數(shù)減少的主要原因，在過去兩年中，他們每月平均通話時(shí)間從1200分鐘下降到900分鐘）。C選項(xiàng)“18到34歲的人群”，文章所說，18-34歲通話的人數(shù)減少，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。A選項(xiàng)“嬰兒潮出生的一代人”，嬰兒不能使用手機(jī)通話，因此A選項(xiàng)可排除。B選項(xiàng)“千禧之子”，文章只是說千禧一代的通話減少，但并不是主要原因。D選項(xiàng)“18到24歲的人群”，文章所說，這個(gè)時(shí)代的人，短信數(shù)量激增，因此也可排除D。因此正確答案為C選項(xiàng)。

2.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干我們可以定位到文章第三段第一句Youngpeoplesaytheyavoidvoicecallsbecausetheimmediacyofaphonecallstripsthemofthecontrol（年輕人說，他們不喜歡打語音電話，因?yàn)殡娫挼募磿r(shí)性使他們失去了控制權(quán)）。A選項(xiàng)“他們覺得自己被剝奪了控制權(quán)”，符合文章內(nèi)容，A選項(xiàng)正確。B選項(xiàng)“他們覺得沒有親密到可以打電話”，文章沒有提到此內(nèi)容，可排除。C選項(xiàng)“他們想要進(jìn)行簡短的對(duì)話”，他們認(rèn)為打電話是一種打擾，并不是簡短的對(duì)話，C選項(xiàng)可排除。D選項(xiàng)“他們成了忽視電話的受害者”，文章沒有提到這個(gè)內(nèi)容，可排除。因此正確答案為A選項(xiàng)。

3.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干可以定位到文章第三段最后一句Thebias,againstunexpectedphonecallsstemsingoodpartfromthewaytextingande-mailhaveconditionedyoungpeopletobecautiousabouthowtheycommunicatewhentheyarenotfacetoface,experts,say.（專家表示，這種對(duì)“意外來電”的偏見很大程度上源于短信和電子郵件的方式，這種方式使年輕人在非面對(duì)面交流時(shí)謹(jǐn)慎對(duì)待交流方式）。B選項(xiàng)“它的根源在于，電子郵件和短信使他們能夠做出更謹(jǐn)慎的回應(yīng)”，符合文章所說的內(nèi)容，短信和電子郵件使年輕人有更謹(jǐn)慎的回應(yīng)，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。A選項(xiàng)“這是因?yàn)樗麄兒ε滤麄兛赡軙?huì)被認(rèn)為是粗魯或侵犯”，A選項(xiàng)的情節(jié)過于嚴(yán)重，文章是說他們認(rèn)為打電話是一種打擾，A選項(xiàng)可排除。C選項(xiàng)“他們傾向于在打電話之前先發(fā)短信預(yù)約”，文章沒有提到這個(gè)內(nèi)容，可排除。D選項(xiàng)“他們不太喜歡面對(duì)面的交流”，這并不是造成他們對(duì)打電話的偏見的主要原因，D選項(xiàng)可排除。因此正確答案為B選項(xiàng)。

4.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干可以定位到文章第四段最后一句Onestudenttoldmethatittakesherdaystocallherparentsbackandtheparentsthoughtshewasintentionallyputtingthemoff.”shesaid.“Buttheparentsdidn’tgetit.It’sthemedium”.（“一個(gè)學(xué)生告訴我，她花了好幾天時(shí)間給父母回電話，而父母認(rèn)為她是故意拖延?！彼f?！暗议L們并不理解。它是媒介”）。B選項(xiàng)“這是不同的媒介”，父母和孩子對(duì)待打電話的觀念不一樣，孩子認(rèn)為打電話屬于一種媒介，父母卻不理解，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。A選項(xiàng)“他們的孩子只是太忙了，沒有時(shí)間回復(fù)”，文章并沒有提到此內(nèi)容，因此可排除A選項(xiàng)。C選項(xiàng)“孩子們抱怨頻繁的電話”，文章沒有提到孩子抱怨接電話，可排除。D選項(xiàng)“他們正在干涉孩子們的生活”，不符合文章內(nèi)容，可排除。因此正確答案為B選項(xiàng)。

5.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章倒數(shù)第二段第一句Thedifferenceincommunicationspreferenceshascreatedapalpableperceptiongapbetweenyoungadultsandtheirparents.（在溝通偏好上的差異已經(jīng)在年輕人和他們的父母之間造成了一個(gè)明顯的認(rèn)知鴻溝）最后一段最后一句OnedayshecalledmewhenIwasatwork,andItoldher,‘Insteadofcallingme,canyoutextme?’‘What?Youdon’tliketohearfromme?Youdon’tlikethesoundofmyvoice?’Shesaid.”（有一天她在我工作的時(shí)候給我打電話，我告訴她，“你能不能別給我打電話，發(fā)個(gè)短信給我？”“什么？你不喜歡我的消息嗎？你不喜歡我的聲音嗎？”她說）?？赏茰y年輕人與父母溝通方式上產(chǎn)生著差異。D選項(xiàng)“由于溝通偏好的不同，產(chǎn)生了感知差距”，符合文章內(nèi)容，D選項(xiàng)正確。A選項(xiàng)“電話越來越少應(yīng)該引起年輕人的關(guān)注”，從這兩位的話語，并不能體現(xiàn)這個(gè)內(nèi)容，可排除A。B選項(xiàng)“通訊方式的改變從根本上改變了人們的生活”，文中只是說父母和年輕人的通訊方式不一樣，并沒有從根本上發(fā)生改變。B選項(xiàng)可排除。C選項(xiàng)“接電話對(duì)年輕人造成很大的壓力”，年輕人只是不喜歡接電話，并不是說接電話會(huì)讓他們產(chǎn)生較大的壓力。因此正確答案為D選項(xiàng)。

4.單選題

Whatareyour（

）forjudgingabottleofwine?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.regulations

B.rules

C.premises

D.criteria

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。regulation規(guī)則，規(guī)定；rule規(guī)則，條例；premise假定，前提；criteria標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。句意：你判斷一瓶酒的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是什么？由judging可知需要一定的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)才能對(duì)事物作出判斷，故D項(xiàng)“標(biāo)準(zhǔn)”符合題意。答案D

5.單選題

Asagoodphotographer,youmustdevelopanawarenessoftheworldaroundyouandthepeoplewho（

）it.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.innovate

B.inhabit

C.integrate

D.inherit

【答案】B

【解析】考察動(dòng)詞辨析。。innovate“改革”；inhabit“棲息”；integrate“使融人”；inherit“繼承”。句意：作為一名優(yōu)秀的攝影師，你必須形成一種意識(shí)，留意你所處的世界和棲息在這世界上的人們。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

6.單選題

______thatasbothbirdsandmammalsbecomelarger,theirmetabolicratesperunitoftissuedecrease,andtheygenerallylivelonger.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Thetruth

B.Itistrue

C.Iftrue

D.Tobetrue

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定句型。句意：的確，隨著鳥類和哺乳動(dòng)物的體型變大，它們每單位組織的代謝率會(huì)下降，它們通常會(huì)活得更長。Itis/was+adj.+that是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，It作形式主語，真正主語是that后面的內(nèi)容，B選項(xiàng)Itistrue符合題意。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

7.單選題

Thetwogovernmentsarecompletelyin______onthequestionsofpreservingpeace.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.paradox

B.accord

C.conversion

D.dissertation

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。A項(xiàng)paradox“矛盾”，B項(xiàng)accord“符合，一致”，C項(xiàng)conversion“轉(zhuǎn)換”，D項(xiàng)dissertation“專題，論文”。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵信息onthequestionsofpreservingpeace“在維護(hù)和平的問題上”，結(jié)合空格前面的in，可知填入accord符合語境，inaccord固定搭配，表示“符合，一致”。句意：兩國政府在維護(hù)和平的問題上意見完全一致。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

8.單選題

Thearchaeologist（

）thatthevasewas1500yearsold.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.upheld

B.estimated

C.sustained

D.unitized

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。upheld意為“支持”；estimate意為“估計(jì)，預(yù)測”；sustain意為“維持”；unitize意為“統(tǒng)一（化），組成”。

句意：考古學(xué)家估計(jì)這個(gè)花瓶有1500年歷史了。

9.單選題

Whenpeoplearehappy,theytendtogive（

）interpretationsofeventstheywitness:theeyeofthebeholderiscoloredbytheemotionsofthebeholder.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.charitable

B.elaborate

C.conscientious

D.coherent

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞詞義。charitable“慷慨的；仁慈的”；elaborate“精心制作的；詳盡的”；conscientious“認(rèn)真的；小心謹(jǐn)慎的”；coherent“一致的”。句意：人在快樂時(shí)傾向于對(duì)自己所見的事情給出仁慈的解釋，即旁觀者的觀點(diǎn)被自身的情緒所影響。由theeyeofthebeholderiscoloredbytheemotionsofthebeholder可知A項(xiàng)符合題意。

10.單選題

ItisabsolutelyessentialthatWilliam（

）hisstudyinspiteofsomelearningdifficulties.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.willcontinue

B.continued

C.continue

D.continues

【答案】C

【解析】句意:盡管有著一些學(xué)習(xí)困難，但是威廉卻完全有必要繼續(xù)自己的學(xué)習(xí)。

語法題?？疾樘摂M語氣。It’s+形容詞（essential,necessary,important等）+從句（謂語是shoulddo,其中should可以省略）。由句中關(guān)鍵詞“Itisabsolutelyessentialthat完全有必要”可知C項(xiàng)“continue”正確。

11.單選題

Fashionissomethingwedealwitheveryday.Evenpeoplewhosaytheydon'tcarewhattheywearchooseclotheseverymorningthensayalotaboutthemandhowtheyfeelthatday.

Onecertainthinginthefashionworldischange.Weareconstantlybeingshoweredwithnewfashionideasfrommusic,videos,books,andtelevision.Moviesalsohaveabigimpactonwhatpeoplewear.Ray-BansoldmoresunglassesafterthemovieMeninBlack.Sometimesafashionisworldwide.Backinthe1950s,teenagerseverywheredressedlikeElvisPresley.

Fashionandstylesrevealwhatgroupspeoplearein,buttheyalsocreatestereotypesanddistancebetweengroups.Forinstance,abusinessmanmightlookataboywithgreenhairandpiercingsasanoutsider.Buttoanotherperson,hedressesacertainwaytodeliverthemessageofrebellionandseparation,butwithinthatgroupthelookisuniform.Theacceptanceorrejectionofastyleisareactiontothesocietywelivein.

Fashionisalanguagewhichtellsastoryaboutthepersonwhowearsit.“Clothescreatewordlessmeansofcommunicationthatweallunderstand,”accordingtoKatherineHamnett,atopBritishfashiondesigner.HamnettbecamepopularwhenherT-shirtswithlargemessageslike“ChooseLife”werewornbyseveralrockbands.

Fashionisanendlesspopularitycontest.Highfashionisthestyleofasmallgroupofmenandwomenwithacertaintasteandauthorityinthefashionworld.Peopleofwealthandposition,buyersformajordepartmentstores,editorsandwritersforfashionmagazinesareallpartofhighfashion.Someoftheseexpensiveandoftenartisticfashionsmaytriumphandbecomethefashionforthelargermajority.Moststayontherunway.

Popularfashionsareclosetoimpossibletotrace.NoonecantellhowtheshortskirtsandbootswornbyteenagersinEnglandin1960madeittotherunwaysofParisorhowbluejeansbecamesopopularintheU.S.,orhowhip-hopmadeitfromthestreetofBronxtothefashionshowsofLondonandMilan.

“Intheperspectiveofcostumehistory,itisplainthatthedressofanygivenperiodisexactlysuitedtotheactualclimateofthetime.”accordingtoJamesLaver,anotedEnglishcostumehistorian.Howdidbell-bottomjeansfadeintothedesignerjeansandbootslookofthe1980sintothebaggylookofthe1990s?Nobodyreallyknows.

1.Accordingtothesecondparagraph,theexamplethatteenagerseverywheredressedlikeElvisPresleyinthe1950sshowsthat（）

2.Aboywithgreenhairandmultiplepiercings（）.

3.Whichofthefollowingisnotincludedamongpopularfashions?

4.Whichofthefollowingisnottrueoffashionintermsofthispassage?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.thereisconstantchangeinthefashionworld

B.starssetworld-widetrendsinfashion

C.fashionissomethingwedealwitheveryday

D.teenagerscanshowthemselvesoffwithwhattheyarewearing

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.mightbelookeddownuponbyabusinessman

B.deliversthemessageofrebellionandseparationtoallthepeople

C.managestorevealthathisstyleisunique

D.mightbeacceptedbysomepeopleinthesociety

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Shortboots.

B.Baggyskirts.

C.Hip-hop.

D.Bell-bottomjeans.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Peoplecangetsomeideasofapersonbythefashionhewears.

B.Mostofexpensiveandartisticfashionsfailtobepopularwithcommonpeople.

C.Thefashionworldischaracterizedbyconstantchanges.

D.Popularfashionsareofgreathelptotracecostumehistory.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:D

【解析】第1題:1.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

1.Accordingtothesecondparagraph,theexamplethatteenagerseverywheredressedlikeElvisPresleyinthe1950sshowsthat______.1.根據(jù)第二段，20世紀(jì)50年代各地的青少年都穿得像貓王一樣的例子表明______。

A.thereisconstantchangeinthefashionworldA.時(shí)尚界一直在變化

B.starssetworld-widetrendsinfashionB.明星引領(lǐng)全球時(shí)尚潮流

C.fashionissomethingwedealwitheverydayC.時(shí)尚是我們每天都要面對(duì)的事情

D.teenagerscanshowthemselvesoffwithwhattheyarewearingD.青少年可以通過他們的穿著來炫耀自己

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】由題干的關(guān)鍵詞ElvisPresley定位到第二段“時(shí)尚界有一件事是肯定的，那就是變化。我們不斷從音樂、視頻、書籍和電視中獲得新的時(shí)尚理念。電影對(duì)人們的穿著也有很大的影響。《黑衣人》上映后，雷朋太陽鏡銷量增加。有時(shí)候一種時(shí)尚是世界性的。20世紀(jì)50年代，世界各地的青少年都穿得像貓王?！?，這一段是說時(shí)尚的三個(gè)特點(diǎn)，變化，電影的影響，世界性；貓王是美國著名搖滾明星，他的例子放在第三個(gè)，舉例說明明星的影響可以讓全世界的人都追求同一種時(shí)尚。B項(xiàng)“明星引領(lǐng)全球時(shí)尚潮流”正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A項(xiàng)“時(shí)尚界一直在變化”在第二段第一句提到“時(shí)尚界有一件事是肯定的，那就是變化”，結(jié)合解題思路可知，與題干無關(guān)，張冠李戴；

C項(xiàng)“時(shí)尚是我們每天都要面對(duì)的事情”在第一段第一句提到“時(shí)尚是我們每天都要面對(duì)的事情”，也與題干無關(guān)，張冠李戴；

D項(xiàng)“青少年可以通過他們的穿著來炫耀自己”在原文沒有相關(guān)表述，無中生有。

第2題:2.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

2.Aboywithgreenhairandmultiplepiercings______.2.一個(gè)長著綠色頭發(fā)、穿了多個(gè)洞的男孩______。

A.mightbelookeddownuponbyabusinessmanA.可能會(huì)被商人看不起

B.deliversthemessageofrebellionandseparationtoallthepeopleB.向所有人傳達(dá)叛逆和離間的信息

C.managestorevealthathisstyleisuniqueC.成功地展示了他的獨(dú)特風(fēng)格

D.mightbeacceptedbysomepeopleinthesocietyD.可能會(huì)被社會(huì)上一些人接受

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干可定位到第三段中間兩句“一個(gè)商人可能會(huì)把一個(gè)長著綠色頭發(fā)和穿洞的男孩看作局外人。但對(duì)另一個(gè)人來說，他的著裝方式傳達(dá)了反叛和分離的信息，在這個(gè)群體中，他的著裝是一致的?！?，可知，留著綠色頭發(fā)和身上多處穿孔的男孩不被商人所接納，但對(duì)于另一些人來說，他用這樣的方法表達(dá)他的叛逆和隔離，在這個(gè)群體里大家和他都一樣。也就是說即使怪異也會(huì)被另一些人所接受，D選項(xiàng)“可能會(huì)被社會(huì)上一些人接受”符合原文。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A項(xiàng)“可能會(huì)被商人看不起”中的lookdownupon（看不起）與原文中的asanoutsider（看作局外人）不符合，曲解原文；

B項(xiàng)“向所有人傳達(dá)叛逆和離間的信息”由第三段倒數(shù)第二句的toanotherperson（對(duì)另一個(gè)人）可知，是對(duì)少數(shù)人即能理解這種穿著的人才能傳遞出反叛和分離的信息，該項(xiàng)曲解原文；

C項(xiàng)“成功地展示了他的獨(dú)特風(fēng)格”沒有原文依據(jù)，無中生有。

第3題:3.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

3.Whichofthefollowingisnotincludedamongpopularfashions?3.下列哪一種不屬于流行時(shí)尚？

A.Shortboots.A.短靴。

B.Baggyskirts.B.寬松的裙子。

C.Hip-hop.C.嘻哈風(fēng)格。

D.Bell-bottomjeans.D.喇叭牛仔褲。

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容可定位到倒數(shù)第二段第二句“沒有人能說出1960年英國青少年穿的短裙和靴子是如何在巴黎的跑道上流行的，或者牛仔褲是如何在美國如此流行的，或者嘻哈是如何從布朗克斯的街頭流行到倫敦和米蘭的時(shí)裝秀的”，從中可知，只有B選項(xiàng)“寬松的裙子”在文中沒有提及。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A項(xiàng)“短靴”和C項(xiàng)“嘻哈風(fēng)格”根據(jù)解題思路可知，這兩項(xiàng)屬于流行時(shí)尚，反向干擾；

D項(xiàng)“喇叭牛仔褲”在最后一段倒數(shù)第二句提到“喇叭褲（bell-bottomjeans）是如何從20世紀(jì)80年代的設(shè)計(jì)師牛仔褲和靴子風(fēng)格變成90年代的寬松風(fēng)格的呢？”，可知該項(xiàng)也屬于流行時(shí)尚，反向干擾。

第4題:4.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

4.Whichofthefollowingisnottrueoffashionintermsofthispassage?4.就這篇文章而言，下列哪一項(xiàng)關(guān)于時(shí)尚是不正確的？

A.Peoplecangetsomeideasofapersonbythefashionhewears.A.人們可以通過一個(gè)人的穿著來了解他。

B.Mostofexpensiveandartisticfashionsfailtobepopularwithcommonpeople.B.大多數(shù)昂貴而有藝術(shù)感的時(shí)裝并沒有受到普通人的歡迎。

C.Thefashionworldischaracterizedbyconstantchanges.C.時(shí)尚界的特點(diǎn)是不斷變化。

D.Popularfashionsareofgreathelptotracecostumehistory.D.流行時(shí)裝對(duì)追溯服裝歷史有很大幫助。

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段第一句“時(shí)尚流行幾乎不可能被追蹤（Popularfashionsareclosetoimpossibletotrace）”，可知，時(shí)尚流行幾乎不能被追蹤，那就是說流行時(shí)裝不可能對(duì)溯源服裝歷史有幫助，D選項(xiàng)“流行時(shí)裝對(duì)追溯服裝歷史有很大幫助”與原文的表述意義相反。故該題選擇D項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A項(xiàng)“人們可以通過一個(gè)人的穿著來了解他”在第三段第一句話有提到“時(shí)尚和風(fēng)格揭示了人們屬于哪個(gè)群體”，可知該項(xiàng)符合原文，屬于反向干擾；

B項(xiàng)“大多數(shù)昂貴而有藝術(shù)感的時(shí)裝并沒有受到普通人的歡迎”根據(jù)第五段最后兩句“其中一些昂貴的藝術(shù)時(shí)尚可能會(huì)成功，成為大多數(shù)人的時(shí)尚。大多數(shù)都留在T臺(tái)上了?！?，可知該項(xiàng)符合原文，屬于反向干擾；

C項(xiàng)“時(shí)尚界的特點(diǎn)是不斷變化”根據(jù)第二段的第一句“時(shí)尚界有一件事是肯定的，那就是變化”，可知該項(xiàng)符合原文，屬于反向干擾。

12.單選題

Changingthecomputersystemwouldentailsubstantialperiodsofretraining.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.withhold

B.extend

C.overtake

D.impose

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。entail表示“使需要，承擔(dān)，引起”；A項(xiàng)withhold“保留，隱瞞”，B項(xiàng)extend“延伸，擴(kuò)大”，C項(xiàng)overtake“改善，壓倒”，D項(xiàng)impose“利用，強(qiáng)加”。句意：改變計(jì)算機(jī)系統(tǒng)將需要大量的再培訓(xùn)時(shí)間。根據(jù)句意可知，“需要大量的時(shí)間”相當(dāng)于“延長時(shí)間”，故該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

13.翻譯題

RawmaterialsandpartiallyfinishedgoodsaresenttospecialborderzonefactoriesinsideMexicowhereadditionalassemblyworkiscompletedonthegoods,whicharethentransferredbacktotheUnitedStates.Alldutiesarewaivedbybothgovernments,exceptonthevalueaddedbytheadditionalmanufacturingprocessestakingplaceinMexico.Obviously,themostdesirablebarterwouldbeforgoodsthefirmwouldotherwisehavetopurchaseontheopenmarket.Secondmostdesirablewouldbegoodsthattheglobalsourcingmanagerseesareadymarketforwherehardcurrencycanbeearnedfromtheirsale.

【答案】

原材料和半成品被送往墨西哥境內(nèi)的邊境特區(qū)工廠，在那里完成貨物的附加組裝工作，然后再被轉(zhuǎn)回美國。除了在墨西哥進(jìn)行的額外生產(chǎn)過程所增加的價(jià)值外，兩國政府對(duì)其他部分都放棄關(guān)稅。顯然，最理想的易貨交易對(duì)象是公司在自由市場上必須購買的商品。第二可取的是那些商品：全球采購經(jīng)理看到了一個(gè)現(xiàn)成的市場，可以從該商品的銷售中獲得硬通貨。

14.單選題

Heclaimstobeanexpertinastronomy,butinactualfactheisquiteignorantonthesubject.（

）heknowsaboutitisoutofdateandinaccurate.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Whatlittle

B.Somuch

C.Howmuch

D.Solittle

【答案】A

【解析】句意:他聲稱自己在天文學(xué)方面是一個(gè)專家，但是實(shí)際上他在這方面相當(dāng)無知。他所知道的都是過時(shí)和不準(zhǔn)確的。

語法題?？疾槊~性從句。heknowsaboutit為后面句子的主語部分，因此本句為名詞性從句作主語，且句子中缺少成分，故應(yīng)用what引導(dǎo)，再根據(jù)句意可知他對(duì)天文學(xué)是無知的，因此應(yīng)選little表示否定的意義，故應(yīng)選A項(xiàng)。

15.單選題

Theyplanto（

）therun-downhouseinayear’stime.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.revive

B.renovate

C.replace

D.remove

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。revive意為“復(fù)興，復(fù)蘇，重新使用”；renovate意為“翻新，修復(fù)，整修”；replace意為“替換”；remove意為“開除”。

句意：他們計(jì)劃一年時(shí)間內(nèi)修復(fù)這棟破舊的房子。

16.寫作題

Asthesocietydevelops,interpersonalrelationshipsaregettingmoreandmoreindifferent.Pleasemakecommentonthephenomena.

【答案】Itseemsveryridiculousthatpeoplelivingsoneardon’tknoweachotherforsuchalongtime.However,theconditionisperformedeverywhere.Itistheexactreflectionofinterpersonalrelationshipsinthemodemworldwheremostpeopleliveinapartments.Theyclosetheirdoorsandnevergooutassoonastheygethomefromwork.Iftheylivealone,theywillkilltheirtimebywatchingTVorreadingmagazines.Theydon’thaveanyconnectionsevenwiththeirclosestneighbors，whoseemnodifferentfrompeopletheymeeteverydayinthestreet.

Thisphenomenonisneithergoodtous,nortooursociety.Peoplewillfeellonelyandbecomemoreandmoreindifferentsothatinterpersonalrelationshipsarenotharmonious.Interpersonalcommunicationisveryimportanttous.Firstly,itisessentialforourphysicalwell-being.Lackofcommunicationshowsawiderangeofmedicalhazards.Sociallyisolatedpeoplearefoundtobetwoorthreetimesmorelikelytosufferfrompoorhealththanthosewithstrongsocialties.Steadyinterpersonalcommunicationcontributestothelongevityofourlives.Secondly,interpersonalcommunicationenablesustohaveasenseofouridentity.Deprivedofcommunicationwithothers,wecanhardlyhaveaclearideaofidentity.Oursenseofidentitycomesfromthewayweinteractwithotherpeople.Wedecidewhatwearelikebasedonhowothersreacttous.Inourlifeweneedtofeelasenseofbelongingtosomepersonalrelationship.Weneedtoinfluenceothersandfeelsomesenseofpoweroverourworld,andtocareforothersandknowthattheycareforus,thustohaveasenseofaffectionandfriendship.Lastly,interpersonalcommunicationisthemeansofimportantinformationineveryrespect,whichmakesuswellinformedandhelpsustogrow.

Tosumup,interpersonalcommunicationisjustasnecessaryaswaterandairtousinourworkandlife.Weshouldpaygreatattentiontotheamountofinterpersonalcommunicationaswellastothewaysofdoingit.Properandskillfulinterpersonalcommunicationwillsatisfyourphysicalneeds,psychologicalneeds,socialneedsandpracticalneeds.

17.單選題

IntheOldTestament,AbrahamplainlyassumesthatGodwasunderamoral（）todistinguishbetweentherighteousandthewicked,andthathehadnorighttodealwiththemalike.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.objection

B.objectivity

C.obligation

D.observation

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)objection“異議；反對(duì)”；B選項(xiàng)objectivity“客觀性”；C選項(xiàng)obligation“義務(wù)；職責(zé)”；D選項(xiàng)observation“觀察；監(jiān)視”。句意：在舊約中，亞伯拉罕清楚地認(rèn)為上帝有道義……區(qū)分正義與邪惡，但他沒有相同的權(quán)利。主語是上帝，后面所說的區(qū)分正義與邪惡，是在具體地說一項(xiàng)工作。上帝完成他的工作，是他的職責(zé)與義務(wù)所在。因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

18.單選題

A（）planneedstobeconsideredandacceptedsoastolowerthepricesinthesecities.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.deliberate

B.disincentive

C.functional

D.fantastic

【答案】A

【解析】形容詞詞義辨析。deliberate深思熟慮的，預(yù)有準(zhǔn)備的；disincentive妨礙活動(dòng)的；functional功能的；fantastic幻想的，奇異的?？崭癫糠謶?yīng)與consideredandaccepted邏輯上對(duì)應(yīng)。deliberate符合句意和邏輯。

19.單選題

TheexistingchildprotectionlawsinChinadoallowforabusiveparents（）oftheircustodyrights,buttheydonotincludedetailsonimplementation.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.deprive

B.tobedeprived

C.todeprive

D.beingdeprived

【答案】B

【解析】語法題。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)，Theexistingchildprotectionlaws為句子的主語，allowfor作謂語，所以空格的部分應(yīng)該要填入非謂語動(dòng)詞，用來修飾前句的名詞laws，因?yàn)閯?dòng)詞deprive與其邏輯主語laws之間存在被動(dòng)關(guān)系，選項(xiàng)A和C可排除。又根據(jù)空格中的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在將來，所以選用動(dòng)詞不定式表將來。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

20.單選題

“Opinion”isawordthatisusedcarelesslytoday.Itisusedtorefertomattersoftaste,belief,andjudgment.Thiscasualusewouldprobablycauselittleconfusionifpeopledidn’tattachtoomuchimportancetoopinion.Unfortunately,mostdoattachgreatimportancetoit.“Ihaveasmuchrighttomyopinionasyoutoyours,，”and“Everyone'sentitledtohisopinion,”arecommonexpressions.Infact,anyonewhowouldchallengeanother’sopinionislikelytobebrandedintolerant.

Isthatlabelaccurate?Isitintoleranttochallengeanother’sopinion?Itdependsonwhatdefinitionofopinionyouhaveinmind.D.Forexample,youmayaskafriend,“WhatdoyouthinkofthenewFordcars?”Andhemayreply,“Inmyopinion,they’reugly.”In