考研考博-英語-太湖創(chuàng)意職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解2

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-太湖創(chuàng)意職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

21-25

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Heisamanwhohasageneoflongevity.

B.HeisaprofessoratBostonUniversity.

C.HeistheownerofthewebsiteT.

D.Heisthecreatorofawebsiteonlongevity.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Womendon'tlikeredmeatasmuchasmen.

B.Thehighestrogenlevelinwomenmakesthedifferences.

C.Womendevelopcardiovasculardiseasemuchlaterthanmen.

D.Theincidenceofcardiovasculardiseaseismuchlowerinwomen.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.intheir50sand60s.

B.intheir60sand70s.

C.intheir70sand80s.

D.intheir80sand90s.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Calcium.

B.Lodine(骨關(guān)節(jié)炎).

C.Zinc.

D.Iron.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Thereasonwhyredmeatisharmfultohealth.

B.Thereasonwhyvegetarianfoodissopopular.

C.Anotherpossibilityforwomen'slongevity.

D.Theimportantroleironplaysincellularreactions.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】Acrosstheindustrializedworld,womenstilllive5to10yearslongerthanmen.Amongpeopleover100yearsold,85%arewomen,(21)accordingtoTomPerls,founderoftheNewEnglandCentenarianStudyatBostonUniversityandcreatorofthewebsiteL.Taskshimwhy.

Whydowomenlivelongerthanmen?

(22)Oneimportantreasonisthebigdelay—andadvantage—womenhaveovermenintermsofcardiovasculardisease,likeheartattackandstroke.(23)Womendeveloptheseproblemsusuallyintheir70sand80s,about10yearslaterthanmen

whodevelopthemintheir50sand60s.Foralongtime,doctorsthoughtthedifferencewasduetoestrogen.Butstudieshaveshownthatthismaynotbethecase,andnowweknowthatgivingestrogentowomenpost-menopausecanactuallybebadforthem.

Normal07.8磅02falsefalsefalseEN-USZH-CNX-NONE(24)(25)Onereasonforthatdelayinonsetofcardiovasculardiseasecouldbethatwomenarerelativelyiron-deficientcomparedtomen—especiallyyoungermen,thoseintheirlateteensandearly20s—becauseofmenstruation.Ironplaysanveryimportantpartinthereactionsinourcellsthatproducedamagingfreeradicals,whichglueontocellmembranesandDNA,andmaytranslateintoagingthecell.Infact,inourdiets,redmeatisthemainsourceofiron,andlackofironisprobablyonemajorreasonthatbeingvegetarianishealthyforyou.TherewasaverygoodstudylookingattheintakeofredmeatandheartdiseaseinLeidenintheNetherlands:inregionswherepeopledidn'teatredmeat,thosepopulationshadhalftherateofheartattackandstrokecomparedtothepopulationsthatdideatredmeat.

21.Accordingtothepassage,whatistrueaboutTomPerls,founderoftheNewEnglandCentenarianStudy?

【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。此人是波士頓大學(xué)某個(gè)研究中心的，但并未說他是教授。故選D

22.AccordingtoTomPerls,whichofthefollowingmightbeanimportantreasonthatwomenlivelongerthanmen?

【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文中所述，女性比男性普遍壽命長(zhǎng)的原因是女性患心腦血管疾病的年紀(jì)比男性晚。

23.Accordingtothepassage,whendomenusuallydevelopcardiovasculardisease?

【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。文中說到女性通常在七八十歲時(shí)出現(xiàn)問題，比男性晚10年左右，而男性則在六七十歲時(shí)出現(xiàn)問題。

24.Comparedtomen,whichofthefollowingiswomenrelativelydeficientin?

【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。文中說到女性因?yàn)槔僭斐设F元素缺乏。

25.Whatmightthenextparagraphdiscuss?

【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。本文主題講到oneofthereasons證明下文還要講其它原因，故選C。

2.單選題

Doyouagreewiththesayingthatthemonkeywastheofthe（

）humanrace?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.offspring

B.successor

C.breeder

D.predecessor

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。offspring意為“子孫，后代”；successor意為“接替者，繼任者”；breeder意為“飼養(yǎng)員”；predecessor意為“前輩，祖先”。

句意：你同意猴子是人類的祖先的說法嗎？

3.單選題

Myshoulderhurt（）eachtimeIputanotherfullbarrelonit,andmylegsoccasionallytrembledasIwasheadingtothestreet.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.wickedly

B.typically

C.ultimately

D.vainly

【答案】A

【解析】考查副詞辨析。wickedly“惡劣地，居心叵測(cè)的”；typically“代表性地，作為特色地”；ultimately“最后，根本”；vainly“徒勞地，無益地”。句意：每次我把裝滿東西的桶放我肩上時(shí)，我的肩膀就疼得厲害，當(dāng)我走向街頭時(shí)，我的腿也是不是打顫。能修飾hurt的只有wickedly。故A項(xiàng)正確。

4.單選題

Igavethecarathorough（）beforebuyingit.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.inspection

B.review

C.survey

D.check-up

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)inspection“視察，檢查（更加仔細(xì)）”；B選項(xiàng)review“回顧，檢查”；C選項(xiàng)survey“調(diào)查”；D選項(xiàng)check-up“檢查，核對(duì)（比較隨意）”。句意：我把車_____了一遍才買下來。本句表達(dá)的是“將車子徹底檢查一遍才買下來”，因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

5.填空題

Inventionsandinnovationsalmostalwayscomeoutoflaborioustrialanderror.Innovationislikesoccereventhebestplayersmissthegoalandhavetheirshotstobeblockedmuchmorefrequentlythantheyscore.

A

B

C

D

【答案】Ctobeblocked改為blocked

【解析】【考查點(diǎn)】固定搭配。

【解題思路】havesth.done表示某事已經(jīng)被做完，havesth.tobedone表示有些事情等著被做，這里射門被擋住的動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成，此題正確用法為havetheirshotsblocked。

【句意】發(fā)明和創(chuàng)新幾乎總是來自于艱苦的試驗(yàn)和錯(cuò)誤。創(chuàng)新就像足球，即使是最優(yōu)秀的球員也會(huì)失球，他們的射門被擋出的次數(shù)遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過他們進(jìn)球的次數(shù)。

6.單選題

MyscheduletovisitAmericaforbusinessandhisplantocometoseeme______.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.overturned

B.overlapped

C.overlaid

D.crisscrossed

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A項(xiàng)overturn“推翻，傾覆”，B項(xiàng)overlap“與……重疊，與……互搭”，C項(xiàng)overlaid“覆蓋，放在……上面”，D項(xiàng)crisscross“在……上構(gòu)成十字形圖案，多次往返于”。根據(jù)句子意思“我去美國(guó)出差的時(shí)間表和他來看我的計(jì)劃”可知，空格填入overlapped表示“重合”符合語境。句意：我去美國(guó)出差的時(shí)間表和他來看我的計(jì)劃重疊了。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

7.單選題

Havingdecidedtorentaflatwe（）contactingalltheaccommodationagenciesinthecity.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.setout

B.setto

C.setabout

D.setoff

【答案】C

【解析】本題考查了同義詞組的辨析。setout“動(dòng)身；著手做某事”；setto“開始做某事”；setabout“開始做某事”；setoff“出發(fā)；動(dòng)身”，setto后面應(yīng)該接動(dòng)詞原形，此句中的動(dòng)詞是用的現(xiàn)在分詞形式，所以可以排除選項(xiàng)B；選項(xiàng)D是“出發(fā)，動(dòng)身去某地”的意思，不符合此處的語境；setout一般與不定式todo連用，所以可以排除選項(xiàng)A，故正確答案為選項(xiàng)C。

8.單選題

Ifyoukeepgettingwrongnumbers,yourphonecouldbe（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.deficient

B.deceptive

C.defective

D.ineffective

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)deficient“不足的；有缺陷的；不充分的”，尤指數(shù)量不足；B選項(xiàng)deceptive“欺詐的；迷惑的；虛偽的”；C選項(xiàng)defective“有缺陷的；不完美的”，尤指質(zhì)量不佳；D選項(xiàng)ineffective“失效的，不起作用的，無效的”。句意：如果你總是打錯(cuò)電話，你的電話可能是無效的。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

9.翻譯題

我為什么寫作？我為了我們的國(guó)家、社會(huì)、生活更加美好而寫作。熱愛生活，我嘆息一切美好的瞬間的短促。只有文學(xué)才能使美好的瞬間與永恒連接起來。至少我有理由希望，在寫作的時(shí)候我能夠比我自己還要好一點(diǎn)，聰明一點(diǎn)，豐富一點(diǎn)，有時(shí)候更執(zhí)著一點(diǎn)，也有時(shí)候更豁達(dá)一點(diǎn)，因?yàn)槲沂翘椒擦耍沂怯刑嗟娜秉c(diǎn)以至于缺陷。我不滿意自己，我已經(jīng)沒有辦法再重新投胎一次，我只能在寫作里得到一些校正與補(bǔ)償。我喜歡寫作還因?yàn)檫@并不總是快樂的。誰能回避那些沉重的不愉快的甚至于可怕的事情呢？然而當(dāng)這一切經(jīng)驗(yàn)都變成文學(xué)的契機(jī)的時(shí)候，人生就比較能夠忍受了。

【答案】WhydoIwrite?Iwriteforthebettermentofourcountry,societyandlife.Ilovelife,Isighthebrevityofallthebeautifulmoments.Onlyliteraturecanconnectthebeautifulmomentwiththeeternal.AtleastIhavereasontohopethatwhenIwrite,Icanbealittlebetterthanmyself,alittlesmarter,alittlericher,sometimesalittlemorepersistent,andsometimesalittlemoreopen-minded,becauseIamtooordinary,Ihavetoomanyshortcomingsandevendefects.Iamnotsatisfiedwithmyself,Ihavenowaytobebornagain,Icanonlygetsomecorrectionandcompensationfromwriting.Ialsolikewritingbecauseit'snotalwaysfun.Whocanavoidthoseheavyunpleasantandeventerriblethings?However,whenalltheseexperiencesbecometheopportunityofliterature,lifeismoretolerable.

10.單選題

Publicspeakingfillsmostpeoplewithdread.Humiliationisthegreatestfear;self-exposureandfailingtoappealtotheaudiencecomeaclosesecond.Womenhateitmost,sincegirlsarepressurizedfromanearlyagetobeconcernedwithappearancesofallkinds.

Mostpeoplehaveplentyofinsecurities,andthisseemslikeasituationthatwillbringthemout.Ifyouwereunderpressuretobeperfect,youareterrifiedoffallinginthemostpublicofways.

Whileextrovertswillfeellessfearbeforetheordeal,itdoesnotmeantheywillnecessarilydoitbetter.Someveryshypeoplemanagetoshine.WhenImettheBritishcomedianJulianClary,hewasshyandcautious,yethisTVperformancesareperfect.

Infact,personalityisnotthebestpredictorofwhodoesitwell.Regardlessofwhatyouarelikeinreallife,thekeyseemstobetoactyourself.Actualacting,asinperformingthescriptedlinesofacharacterotherthanyourself,doesnotdothejob.Whilepoliticiansmaylimitdamagebyhavingcarefullyrehearsed,writtenscriptstospeakfrom,thereisalwaysahiddenawarenessamongtheaudiencethatthewordsmightnotbetrue.

Likewise,theincrediblyperfectspeechesofmanyAmericanacademicsarefarfromnatural.Youmayendupbuyingtheirbookonthewayout,butsoonafterwards,itismuchlikefastfood,andyougetanamelesssensethatyou’vebeencheated.

Although,asEarlSpencerprovedathissisterPrincessDiana’sfuneral,itispossiblebothtoprepareeverywordandtoactnaturally.Ascriptrarelyworksanditisusedtohelpmostspeakers.

But,beingyourselfdoesn’tworkeither.Ifyouspokeasifyouwereinyourownkitchen,itwouldbetooauthentic,toounawareoftheneedtocommunicatewithanaudience.

IremembergoingtoseeBritishpsychiatristR.D.Laingspeakinpublic.Hebehavedlikeaseriouslyoddperson,talkingoffthetopofhishead.Althoughhewastalkingaboutmadnessandhewroteonmentalillness,heseemedtobeexhibitingratherthanexplainingit.

Thebestpsychologicalplacefromwhichtospeakisanunselfconsciousself-consciousness,providingtheillusionofbeingnatural.Studiessuggestthatthisstateof“flow”，aspsychologistscallit,isverysatisfying.

1.“This”inParagraphTworefersto（）.

2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtheauthor’sviewpoint?

3.Whatistheauthor’sviewonpersonality?

4.TheauthorimpliesthatwhilespeakingR.D.Laing（）.

5.Inthelastparagraphtheauthorrecommendsthat（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.insecurity

B.senseoffailure

C.publicspeaking

D.pressure

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Actinglikeperformersspoilsthemessageinaspeech.

B.Perfectionofscriptsisnecessaryinmakinggoodimpressions.

C.Actingnaturallymeanslessdependenceonthepreparedscript.

D.Thereshouldbeabalancebetweenactualactingandactingnaturally.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Personalityisthekeytosuccessinpublicspeaking.

B.Extrovertsarebetterpublicspeakers.

C.Introvertshavetolearnhardertobegoodspeakers.

D.Factorsotherthanpersonalityensurebetterperformance.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.wasbothtoocasualandauthentic

B.wasactinglikeaperformer

C.waskeepingagoodbalance

D.wasawareofhisaudience

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.youforgetaboutyournervousness

B.youfeelnaturalandspeaknaturally

C.youmayfeelnervous,butappearnaturally

D.youmayimagineyourselftobenatural

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】1.推理判斷題。題干：文章第二段的“this”指的是___________。第一段說到演講使很多人望而卻步。首先是因?yàn)楹π?，其次是害怕在眾人面前露面而且?dān)心不能吸引聽眾。女人尤其討厭演講，因?yàn)榕⒆訌男【透惺艿礁鞣N公開露面的壓力。然后定位到文章第二段Mostpeoplehaveplentyofinsecurities,andthisseemslikeasituationthatwillbringthemout.（很多人都有較強(qiáng)的不安全感，這項(xiàng)活動(dòng)似乎可以引發(fā)人們的不安全感。），根據(jù)上下文可知，指示代詞this指代本篇主題：公開演講。所以本題的正確選項(xiàng)是C“公開演講”。

2.推理判斷題。題干：以下哪個(gè)選項(xiàng)不是作者的觀點(diǎn)________。第四段第三句話Actualacting,asinperformingthescriptedlinesofacharacterotherthanyourself,doesnotdothejob.像真正的演員那樣表演，就像是在念別人的臺(tái)詞而不是你自己的臺(tái)詞一樣，往往是行不通的。對(duì)應(yīng)A選項(xiàng)“表演得像演員一樣會(huì)破壞演講中的信息”的內(nèi)容。第五段第一句話Likewise,theincrediblyperfectspeechesofmanyAmericanacademicsarefarfromnatural.Youmayendupbuyingtheirbookonthewayout,butsoonafterwards,itismuchlikefastfood,andyougetanamelesssensethatyou’vebeencheated.（同樣地，許多美國(guó)學(xué)者的完美地不可思議的演講都極不自然。你可能會(huì)在聽完演講后買他們的書，但是很快，你會(huì)有一種莫名的上當(dāng)受騙的感覺，就像吃完快餐食品后的感覺一樣。聽完許多完美地不可思議的演講后往往會(huì)有一種莫名的上當(dāng)受騙的感覺。），說明太完美的內(nèi)容讓演講不自然，和B選項(xiàng)“為了給人留下好印象，完美的劇本是必要的”表達(dá)的意思不符合，所以本題應(yīng)該選擇B選項(xiàng)。第六段的第二句話Ascriptrarelyworksanditisusedtohelpmostspeakers.（但是稿子很少能起作用，它只是大多數(shù)演講者的拐杖而已。）和C選項(xiàng)“自然的表演意味著少依賴準(zhǔn)備好的劇本”內(nèi)容對(duì)應(yīng)，綜合以上，可以推斷出即使是精心準(zhǔn)備的演講也不一定能夠博得聽眾的好感，所以D選項(xiàng)“在真實(shí)的表演和自然的表演之間應(yīng)該有一個(gè)平衡?！币彩钦_的。綜上所述，本題的正確答案為B選項(xiàng)。

3.推理判斷題。題干：關(guān)于個(gè)性，哪一項(xiàng)是作者的觀點(diǎn)？通過第四段第一句話Infact,personalityisnotthebestpredictorofwhodoesitwell.（事實(shí)上，性格并不能最準(zhǔn)確地預(yù)測(cè)出一個(gè)人能否成功。），可推斷出A選項(xiàng)“性格是成功演講的關(guān)鍵”錯(cuò)誤。通過第三段第一句話Whileextrovertswillfeellessfearbeforetheordeal,itdoesnotmeantheywillnecessarilydoitbetter.Someveryshypeoplemanagetoshine.（性格外向的人在這種折磨下比性格內(nèi)向的人感受到的恐懼要小些，但這并不意味著他們一定會(huì)比性格內(nèi)向的人做得更好。有些很害羞的人也能成功得使自己脫穎而出。）可推斷出B選項(xiàng)“外向的人是更好的公眾演說家”錯(cuò)誤，和C選項(xiàng)“內(nèi)向的人要想成為優(yōu)秀的演講者必須更加努力學(xué)習(xí)”錯(cuò)誤。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞personality定位到第四段：Infact，personalityisnotthebestpredictorofwhodoesitwell．Regardlessofwhatyouarelikeinreallife，thekeyseemstobetoactyourself．（人的性格并非做好演講的最好標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，關(guān)鍵在于其他因素。）。綜上所述，本題D選項(xiàng)“人格之外的因素保證了更好的表現(xiàn)”正確。

4.推理判斷題。題干：當(dāng)提起R.D.Laing時(shí)，作者暗示________。通過題干關(guān)鍵詞“R.D.Laing”定位到第八段Hebehavedlikeaseriouslyoddperson,talkingoffthetopofhishead.Althoughhewastalkingaboutmadnessandhewroteonmentalillness,heseemedtobeexhibitingratherthanexplainingit.（當(dāng)他即興發(fā)言的時(shí)候表現(xiàn)地好像個(gè)十足的怪人。盡管他那天談?wù)摰氖怯嘘P(guān)瘋狂的話題，而且他的文章寫的是精神病，他看起來就像是在表演而不是在進(jìn)行解釋。），因此R.D.Laing在演講時(shí)更多的是在表演，是在作秀，故B選項(xiàng)“表現(xiàn)得像個(gè)表演者”為正確答案。其他三項(xiàng)在文中均未提及，排除。

5.推理判斷題。題干：在最后一段，作者建議_________。定位到文章最后一段，Thebestpsychologicalplacefromwhichtospeakisanunselfconsciousself-consciousness,providingtheillusionofbeingnatural.（演講時(shí)的最佳心理狀態(tài)是無意識(shí)的自我意識(shí)，從而獲得表現(xiàn)自然的幻覺。），所以本題的正確答案是D選項(xiàng)“你可以想象自己是自然的”，A選項(xiàng)“你會(huì)忘記你的緊張”，文章并沒有暗示演講時(shí)會(huì)忘記你的緊張，所以A選項(xiàng)排除，B選項(xiàng)“你感覺自然，說話自然”，最后一段表達(dá)的意思是，心里狀態(tài)要自然，并沒有提及說話需不需要自然，所以B選項(xiàng)排除，C選項(xiàng)“你可能會(huì)感到緊張，但要表現(xiàn)得自然”文章表達(dá)的是要克服緊張的心里情緒，所以C選項(xiàng)也不正確，綜上所述，本題的正確答案為D選項(xiàng)。

11.單選題

Oldpeoplearealwayssayingthattheyoungarenotwhattheywere.Thesamecommentismadefromgenerationtogenerationanditisalwaystrue.Ithasneverbeentruerthanitistoday.Theyoungarebettereducated.Theyhavealotmoremoneytospendandenjoymorefreedom.Theygrowupmorequicklyandarenotsodependentontheirparents.Theythinkmoreforthemselvesanddonotblindlyaccepttheidealsoftheirelders.Eventswhichtheoldergenerationremembersvividlyarenothingmorethanpasthistory.Thisisasitshouldbe.Everynewgenerationisdifferentfromtheonethatprecededit.Todaythedifferenceisverymarkedindeed.

Theoldalwaysassumethattheyknowbestforthesimplereasonthattheyhavebeenaroundabitlonger.Theydon’tliketofeelthattheirvaluesarebeingquestionedorthreatened.Andthisispreciselywhattheyoungaredoing.Theyarequestioningtheassumptionsoftheireldersanddisturbingtheircomplacency.Officehours,forinstance,arenothingmorethanenforcedslavery.Wouldn’tpeopleworkbestiftheyweregivencompletefreedomandresponsibility?Andwhataboutclothing?Whosaidthatallthemenintheworldshouldweardrabgreysuitsandconvicthaircuts?Ifweruinourmindstomoreseriousmatters,whosaidthathumandifferencescanbestbesolvedthroughconventionalpoliticsorbyviolentmeans?Whyhavetheoldergenerationsooftenusedviolencetosolvetheirproblems?Whyaretheysounhappyandguilt-riddenintheirpersonallives,soobsessedwithmeanambitionsandthedesiretoamassmoreandmorematerialpossessions?Cananythingberightwiththerat-race?Haven’ttheoldlosttouchwithailthatisimportantinlife?

Thesearenotquestionstheoldergenerationcanshrugofflightly.Theirrecordoverthepastfortyyearsorsohasn’tbeenexactlyspotless.Traditionally,theyounghaveturnedtotheireldersforguidance.Today,thesituationmightbereversed.Theold——iftheyarepreparedtoadmititcouldlearnathingortwofromtheirchildren.Oneofthebiggestlessonstheycouldlearnisthatenjoymentisnot“sinful”.Enjoymentisaprincipleonecouldapplytoallaspectsoflife.Itissurelynotwrongtoenjoyyourworkandenjoyyourleisure;toshedrestrictinginhibitions.Itissurelynotwrongtoliveinthepresentratherthaninthepastorfuture.Thisemphasisonthepresentisonlytobeexpectedbecausetheyounghavegrownupundertheshadowofthebomb;theconstantthreatofcompleteannihilation.Thisistheirgloriousheritage.Canwebesurprisedthattheyshouldsooftenquestionthesanityofthegenerationthatbequeathedit?

1.WhichofthefollowingfeaturesintheyoungisNOTmentioned?

2.Whatdotheyoungrejectmost?

3.Whydotheyoungstressonthepresent?

4.Whatcantheoldlearnfromtheyounggeneration?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Bettereducated.

B.Moremoneyandfreedom.

C.Independence.

D.Hardwork.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Values

B.Theassumptionoftheciders.

C.Conformity

D.Conventionalideas.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Theyhavegrownupundertheshadowofthebomb.

B.Theydislikethepast.

C.Theythinkthepresentworldisthebest.

D.Theyareafraidofdestruction.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Enjoymentisnotsinful.

B.Peopleshouldhavemoreleisuretime.

C.Menmightenjoylife.

D.Oneshouldenjoyone’swork

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:A

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問的是“下列哪項(xiàng)不是文章提到的關(guān)于年輕人的特征”。文章第一段提到“年輕人受了良好的教育。他們花錢享受自由。他們很快成長(zhǎng)并且不依賴父母。”（Theyoungarebettereducated.Theyhavealotmoremoneytospendandenjoymorefreedom.Theygrowupmorequicklyandarenotsodependentontheirparents），由此可以得知只有選項(xiàng)D“努力工作”沒有提及到，符合題意。

2.推理判斷題。題目問的是“年輕人最反感的是什么”。文章第二段提到“他們懷疑上一代人的設(shè)想，并且打破了他們的滿足狀態(tài)”（Theyarequestioningtheassumptionsoftheireldersanddisturbingtheircomplacency），第二段后面的那幾個(gè)問句都體現(xiàn)出了年輕一代不再固守成規(guī)，不愿意像上一代人一樣，選項(xiàng)C“一致性”符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問的是“為什么年輕人強(qiáng)調(diào)現(xiàn)在”。文章最后一段提到“對(duì)現(xiàn)在的重視是意料之中的，因?yàn)槟贻p人是在炸彈的陰影下長(zhǎng)大，且經(jīng)受著被徹底毀滅的威脅”（Thisemphasisonthepresentisonlytobeexpectedbecausetheyounghavegrownupundertheshadowofthebomb;theconstantthreatofcompleteannihilation），選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問的是“老一輩能從年輕一輩那里學(xué)到什么”。文章最后一段提到如果老一輩愿意學(xué)習(xí)年輕一輩的話，最重要的一課便是享受并不是罪過（Oneofthebiggestlessonstheycouldlearnisthatenjoymentisnot“sinful”），選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

12.單選題

WheneverTomcomesacrossaseriousproblem,helikesto（）it,namely,tothinkitaboutcarefullyandforalongtime.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.contend

B.contempt

C.contemplate

D.content

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。contend“主張”；contempt“輕視，蔑視，恥辱”，名詞；contemplate“沉思，注視”；content“使?jié)M足”。根據(jù)thinkitaboutcarefullyandforalongtime（仔細(xì)并長(zhǎng)時(shí)間地思考它）可知“沉思”符合，因此選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

13.單選題

Alargebuildingmayhaveaheating（

）bywhichalltheroomaresteam-heated.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.appliance

B.apparatus

C.furniture

D.equipment

【答案】B

【解析】近義詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)appliance“器械，裝置”，側(cè)重指家用機(jī)器或設(shè)備，尤指家用電器；B選項(xiàng)apparatus“設(shè)備，儀器”，一般指復(fù)雜的儀器設(shè)備；C選項(xiàng)furniture“家具”；D選項(xiàng)equipment“設(shè)備，器材”，多指成套的或重型的設(shè)備或裝備。句意：大建筑物可能會(huì)有暖氣設(shè)備，所有的房間都是通過蒸汽加熱。選項(xiàng)B更符合語境。

14.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingpartintoEnglish.

西藏在中國(guó)的西南部。居住在這里的藏族先民，遠(yuǎn)在公元前就與生活在中原的漢族有聯(lián)系。到了唐朝(公元618-907年)，藏漢雙方通過王室間的聯(lián)姻、會(huì)盟，在政治上形成了團(tuán)結(jié)友好的親誼關(guān)系，在經(jīng)濟(jì)和文化上建立了密切的聯(lián)系，為最終建立統(tǒng)一的國(guó)家奠定了深厚的基礎(chǔ)。十三世紀(jì)中葉，西藏正式歸入中國(guó)元朝版圖。自此以后，盡管中國(guó)經(jīng)歷了幾代王朝的興替，但西藏一直處于中央政權(quán)的管轄之下。

【答案】TibetislocatedinSouthwestChina.ThepeoplewholivedtherestruckuplinkswiththeHanintheCentralPlainslongbeforetheChristianera.BytheTangDynasty(AD618-907),theTibetansandHanshas,throughmarriagesbetweenroyalfamiliesandotheralliances,cementedunityandpoliticalfriendshipandformedcloseeconomicandculturalrelations.Thiscreatedasolidfoundationfortheultimatefoundingofaunifiednation.Inthemid-13thcentury,TibetwasofficiallyincorporatedintotheterritoryofChina’sYuanDynasty.Sincethen,althoughChinaexperiencedseveraldynasticchanges,TibethasremainedunderthejurisdictionofthecentralgovernmentofChina.

15.單選題

InthemonthofSeptember,inBritain,youmayseelargenumbersofbirds（1）onroofsandtelegraphwires.Thesebirdsareswallows.Theyare（2）togetherbecause,verysoon,theywillbeflying（3）tomuchwarmerlands,wheretheywillfind（4）thesmallflyinginsectsonwhichthey（5）.Therearenosuchinsects（6）inBritainduringthewinter;itis（7）coldforthem.

Theswallowssettle,flyoff,swoop,and（8）again.Thistheydomanytimes,fortheyaremakingshort（9）flightsinordertobefitforthelongjourney（10）them.

（11）ofthesemigratingbirdsleaveBritainintheautumn.Theyfly（12）forhundredsofmiles（13）theyreachthewarmlandsofAfrica.Butnotallthebirdsgetthere,formanyofthemperishinthestormyweathertheymeetwith（14）.

Inthespringofthefollowingyearthey（15）thelongandtiringjourneybacktoBritain.Theyreturntotheidenticalbarnortreeinthe（16）districtwhichtheyhadleftthe（17）autumn.Howdothesebirdsfindtheir（18）thereandbackoversuchvastdistances?Nobodyknowsexactly（19）,butithassomethingtodo（20）windsandaircurrents.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.beingperched

B.perched

C.beingperching

D.beperched

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.gathering

B.assembling

C.waiting

D.forming

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.tosouth

B.thesouth

C.tosouthwards

D.south

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.greatnumberof

B.agreatdealof

C.plentyof

D.numerous

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.feed

B.arefed

C.eat

D.rely

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.near

B.about

C.nearby

D.over

問題7選項(xiàng)

A.too

B.abit

C.very

D.much

問題8選項(xiàng)

A.flyoff

B.swoop

C.settle

D.turnback

問題9選項(xiàng)

A.practical

B.practicing

C.practice

D.practiced

問題10選項(xiàng)

A.inadvance

B.aheadof

C.infrontof

D.infront

問題11選項(xiàng)

A.Swarms

B.Herds

C.Flocks

D.Schools

問題12選項(xiàng)

A.firmly

B.stoutly

C.harshly

D.steadily

問題13選項(xiàng)

A.until

B.before

C.when

D.as

問題14選項(xiàng)

A.intheway

B.ontheway

C.halftheway

D.alltheway

問題15選項(xiàng)

A.have

B.fly

C.find

D.make

問題16選項(xiàng)

A.old

B.original

C.familiar

D.identical

問題17選項(xiàng)

A.before

B.previous

C.abovegoing

D.former

問題18選項(xiàng)

A.way

B.path

C.course

D.route

問題19選項(xiàng)

A.why

B.when

C.how

D.what

問題20選項(xiàng)

A.against

B.away

C.for

D.with

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:A

第6題:B

第7題:A

第8題:C

第9題:C

第10題:B

第11題:C

第12題:D

第13題:A

第14題:B

第15題:D

第16題:D

第17題:B

第18題:A

第19題:C

第20題:D

【解析】1.考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。perched是過去分詞作形容詞，在這里表示“棲息于某處”的狀態(tài)。句意：在英國(guó)的九月，你可以看到大量的鳥棲息在屋頂和電線上。因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

2.考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)gathering“聚集”；B選項(xiàng)assembling“集合”；C選項(xiàng)waiting“等待”；D選項(xiàng)forming“形成”。句意：它們聚集在一起。只有g(shù)ather能和together搭配，表示“聚在一起”。因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

3.考查方位詞。south此處為副詞，表示“向南方”，相當(dāng)于southwards。句意：因?yàn)楹芸焖麄兙蜁?huì)向南飛到更溫暖的地方。因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

4.考查近義詞組辨析。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)都表示“許多，大量”。A選項(xiàng)greatnumberof前面缺少a；B選項(xiàng)agreatdealof只可以修飾不可數(shù)名詞；C選項(xiàng)plentyof既可以修飾不可數(shù)名詞也可以修飾可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式；D選項(xiàng)numerous后面不加the。句意：在那里他們將找到大量的小飛蟲。因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

5.考查固定搭配。A選項(xiàng)feed“喂食”；B選項(xiàng)arefed“被喂食”；C選項(xiàng)eat“吃”；D選項(xiàng)rely“依靠”。feedon是固定搭配，表示“以……為食物”。句意：在那里它們會(huì)找到很多它們賴以為生的小飛蟲。燕子以飛蟲為食是主動(dòng)語態(tài)。因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

6.考查介詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)near“靠近”；B選項(xiàng)about“在……四處”；C選項(xiàng)nearby“在……附近”；D選項(xiàng)over“在……上面”。句意：英國(guó)的冬天沒有這樣的昆蟲。about在此處是副詞，表示“周圍”。因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

7.考查固定搭配。A選項(xiàng)too“太”；B選項(xiàng)abit“一點(diǎn)兒”；C選項(xiàng)very“非?！保籇選項(xiàng)much“許多”。句意：對(duì)他們來說太冷了。too…for…是固定搭配，表示“對(duì)……來說太……了”。因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

8.考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)flyoff“飛出”；B選項(xiàng)swoop“俯沖”；C選項(xiàng)settle“停息”；D選項(xiàng)turnback“往回走”。句意：燕子停了下來，飛走了，俯沖下來，又停了下來。因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

9.考查形近詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)practical“實(shí)用性的”；B選項(xiàng)practicing“在工作的”；C選項(xiàng)practice“練習(xí)”；D選項(xiàng)practiced“熟練的”。句意：因?yàn)樗麄冊(cè)谧龆掏撅w行練習(xí)。因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

10.考查詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)inadvance“預(yù)先”；B選項(xiàng)aheadof“在……之前（指時(shí)間）”；C選項(xiàng)infrontof“在……前面”；D選項(xiàng)infront“在前方”。句意：以便適應(yīng)前面的長(zhǎng)途飛行。因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

11.考查量詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)Swarms“蜂群”；B選項(xiàng)Herds“獸群”；C選項(xiàng)Flocks“鳥群”；D選項(xiàng)Schools“魚群”。句意：成群的候鳥在秋天離開英國(guó)。因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

12.考查副詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)firmly“堅(jiān)定地”；B選項(xiàng)stoutly“牢固地”；C選項(xiàng)harshly“嚴(yán)厲地”；D選項(xiàng)steadily“穩(wěn)定地”。句意：它們穩(wěn)定地飛行數(shù)百英里。因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

13.考查連詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)until“直到……為止”；B選項(xiàng)before“在……以前”；C選項(xiàng)when“在……時(shí)候”；D選項(xiàng)as“因?yàn)椤?。句意：直到到達(dá)溫暖的非洲大陸。因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

14.考查詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)intheway“擋道”；B選項(xiàng)ontheway“在……途中”；C選項(xiàng)halftheway“半路”；D選項(xiàng)alltheway“一路上”。句意：因?yàn)樗鼈冎械脑S多伙伴都在途中遇到的暴風(fēng)雨中喪生了。因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

15.考查固定搭配。A選項(xiàng)have“有”；B選項(xiàng)fly“飛行”；C選項(xiàng)find“找到”；D選項(xiàng)make“進(jìn)行”。句意：第二年春天，他們長(zhǎng)途跋涉回到了英國(guó)。makeajourney是固定搭配，表示“旅行”。因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

16.考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)old“老的”；B選項(xiàng)original“原來的”；C選項(xiàng)familiar“熟悉的”；D選項(xiàng)identical“同一的”。句意：它們回到同一地區(qū)的同一谷倉或同一棵樹。因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

17.考查指代關(guān)系。A選項(xiàng)before“在……之前”；B選項(xiàng)previous“以前的”；C選項(xiàng)abovegoing沒有這種用法；D選項(xiàng)former“前者的”。句意：它們回到前一年秋天離開的同一地區(qū)。因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

18.考查固定搭配。A選項(xiàng)way“道路”；B選項(xiàng)path“小路”；C選項(xiàng)course“過程”；D選項(xiàng)route“路線”。句意：這些鳥是如何在如此遙遠(yuǎn)的距離中找到路往返的呢。findone’sway是固定搭配，表示“找到去……的路”。因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

19.考查連詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)why“為什么”；B選項(xiàng)when“什么時(shí)候”；C選項(xiàng)how“如何”；D選項(xiàng)what“什么”。句意：沒人知道確切是怎么做到的。因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

20.考查固定搭配。A選項(xiàng)against“反對(duì)”；B選項(xiàng)away“離去”；C選項(xiàng)for“為了”；D選項(xiàng)with“關(guān)于”。句意：但它與風(fēng)和氣流有關(guān)。havesomethingtodowith是固定搭配，表示“與……”有關(guān)。因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

16.單選題

（）yourinquires,weregrettoinformyouthatwecannothelpyouinthismatter.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Inrelationto

B.Inrequestto

C.Inresponseto

D.Inanswerto

【答案】C

【解析】句意:對(duì)于你的詢問，我們遺憾地告訴你我們?cè)谶@件事情上幫不了你。

考查短語辨析。inrelationto關(guān)于，涉及；inrequestto無此搭配；inresponseto響應(yīng)，回答，對(duì)有反應(yīng)（比較正式的表達(dá)方式）；inanswerto回答，應(yīng)……要求（不正式的口語表達(dá)方式）。因此C符合句意。

17.單選題

Accordingtosociologists,thereareseveraldifferentwaysinwhichapersonmaybecomerecognizedastheleaderofasocialgroupintheUnitedStates.Inthefamily,traditionalculturalpatternsconferleadershipononeorbothoftheparents.Inothercases,suchasfriendshipgroups,oneormorepersonsmaygraduallyemergeasleaders,althoughthereisnoformalprocessofselection.Inlargergroups,leadersareusuallychosenformallythroughelectionorrecruitment.

Althoughleadersareoftenthoughttobepeoplewithunusualpersonalability,decadesofresearchhavefailedtoproduceconsistentevidencethatthereisanycategoryof“naturalleaders”.Itseemsthatthereisnosetofpersonalqualitiesthatallleadershaveincommon;rather,virtuallyanypersonmayberecognizedasaleaderifthepersonhasqualitiesthatmeettheneedsofthatparticulargroup.

Furthermore,althoughitiscommonlysupposedthatsocialgroupshaveasingleleader,researchsuggeststhattherearetypicallytwodifferentleadershiprolesthatareheldbydifferentindividuals.Instrumentalleadershipisleadershipthatemphasizesthecompletionoftasksbyasocialgroup.Groupmemberslooktoinstrumentalleadersto“getthingsdone”.Expressiveleadership,ontheotherhand,isleadershipthatemphasizesthecollectivewell-beingofasocialgroup’smember.Expressiveleaderarelessconcernedwiththeoverallgoalsofthegroupthanwithprovidingemotionalsupporttogroupmembersandattemptingtominimizetensionandconflictamongthem.Groupmembersexpectexpressiveleaderstomaintainstablerelationshipswithinthegroupandprovidesupporttoindividualmembers.

Instrumentalleadersarelikelytohavearathersecondaryrelationshiptoothergroupmembers.Theygiveordersandmaydisciplinegroupmemberswhoinhibitattainmentofthegroup’sgoals.Expressiveleaderscultivateamorepersonalorprimaryrelationshiptoothersinthegroup.Theyoffersympathywhensomeoneexperiencesdifficultiesorissubjectedtodiscipline,arequicktolightenaseriousmomentwithhumor,andtrytoresolveissuesthatthreatentodividethegroup.Asthedifferencesinthesetworolessuggest,expressiveleadersgenerallyreceivemorepersonalaffectionfromgroupmembers;instrumentalleaders,iftheyaresuccessfulinpromotinggroupgoals,mayenjoyadistantrespect.

1.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?

2.ThepassagementionsallofthefollowingwaysbywhichpeoplecanbecomeleadersEXCEPT___.

3.Whatcanbeinferredfromthesecondparagraphabout“naturalleaders”?

4.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutleadershipcanbeinferredfromParagraph2?

5.Paragraphs3and4organizethediscussionofleadershipprimarilyintermof___.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Theproblemsfacedbyleaders.

B.Howleadershipdiffersinsmallandlargegroups.

C.Howsocialgroupsdeterminewhowillleadthem.

D.Theroleofleadersinsocia