考研考博-英語-南陽醫(yī)學(xué)高等?？茖W(xué)?？荚囇侯}卷含答案詳解2

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-南陽醫(yī)學(xué)高等?？茖W(xué)?？荚囇侯}卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Heaskedmetolendhimsomemoney,whichIagreedtodo,（）thathepaidmebackthefollowingweek.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.onoccasion

B.onpurpose

C.oncondition

D.onlyif

【答案】C

【解析】句意:他要我借給他一些錢，我答應(yīng)了，但條件是他下星期還錢。

考查短語辨析。onoccasion偶爾，有時(shí)；onpurpose故意；oncondition在……條件下，如果；onlyif只要，只有?？崭袼诰湔f的是借錢的條件，因此C項(xiàng)正確。

2.單選題

Thedifferenceintoneandlanguagemuststrikeus,assoonasitisphilosophythatspeaks:thatchangeshouldremindusthatevenifthefunctionofreligionandthatofreasoncoincide.Thisfunctionisperformedinthetwocasesbyverydifferentorgans.Religionsaremany,reasonone.Religionconsistsofconsciousideas,hopes,enthusiasms,andobjectsofworship;itoperatesbygraceandflourishesbyprayer.Reason,ontheotherhand,isamereprincipleorpotentialorder,onwhichindeedwemaycometoreflectbutwhichexistsinusideallyonly,withoutvariationorstressofanykind.Weconformordonotconformtoit;itdoesnoturgeorchideus,notcallforanyemotionsonourpartotherthanthosenaturallyarousedbythevariousobjectswhichitunfoldsintheirtruenatureandproportion.Religionbringssomeorderintolifebyweightingitwithnewmaterials.Reasonaddstothenaturalmaterialsonlytheperfectorderwhichitintroducesintothem.Rationalityisnothingbutaform,anideal.constitutionwhichexperiencemaymoreorlessembody.Religionisapartofexperienceitself,amassofsentimentsandideas.Theoneisaninviolateprinciple,theotherachangingandstrugglingforce.Andyetthisstrugglingandchangingforceofreligionseemstodirectmantowardsomethingeternal.Itseemstomakeforanultimateharmonywithinthesoulandforanultimateharmonybetweenthesoulandallthatthesouldependsupon.Religion,initsintentisamoreconsciousanddirectpursuitoftheLifeofReasonthanissociety.Science,orart,fortheseapproachandfillouttheideallifetentativelyandpiecemeal,hardlyregardingthefoalorcaringfortheultimatejustificationoftheinstinctiveaims.Religionalsohasaninstinctiveandblindsideandbubblesupinallmannerofchancepracticesandintuitions;soon,however,itfeelsitswaytowardtheheartorthings,andfromwhateverquarteritmaycome,veersinthedirectionoftheultimate.

Nevertheless,wemustconfessthatthisreligiouspursuitoftheLifeofReasonhasbeensingularlyabortive.Thosewithinthepaleofeachreligionmayprevailuponthemselves,toexpresssatisfactionwithitsresults,thankstoafondpartialityinreadingthepastandgenerousdraughtsofhopeforthefuture;butanyoneregardingthevariousreligionsatonceandcomparingtheirachievementswithwhatreasonrequires,mustfeelhowterribleisthedisappointmentwhichtheyhaveoneandallpreparedformankind.Theirchiefanxietyhasbeentoofferimaginaryremediesformortalills,someofwhichareincurableessentially,whileothersmighthavebeenreallycuredbywell-directedeffort.TheGreedoracles,forinstance,pretendedtohealoutnaturalignorance,whichhasitsappropriatethoughdifficultcure,whiletheChristianvisionofheavenpretendedtobeanantidotetoournaturaldeath—theinevitablecorrelateofbirthandofachangingandconditionedexistence.Bymethodsofthissortlittlecanbedonefortherealbettermentoflife.Toconfuseintelligenceanddislocatesentimentbygratuitousfictionsisashort-sightedwayofpursuinghappiness.Natureissoonavenged.Anunhealthyexaltationandaone-sidedmoralityhavetobefollowedbyregrettablereactions.Whenthesecome.Therealrewardsoflifemayseemvaintoarelaxedvitality,andtheverynameofvirtuemayirritateyoungspiritsuntrainedinnaturalexcellence.Thusreligiontoooftendebauchesthemoralityitcomestosanctionandimpedesthescienceitoughttofulfill.

Whatisthesecretofthisineptitude?Whydoesreligion,soneartorationalityinitspurpose,fallsoshortofitinresults?Theansweriseasy;religionpursuesrationalitythroughtheimagination.Whenitexplainseventsorassignscauses,itisanimaginativesubstituteforscience.Whenitgivesprecepts,insinuatesideals,orremoldsaspiration,itisanimaginativesubstituteforwisdom—Imeanforthedeliberateandimpartialpursuitofallfood.Theconditionandtheaimsoflifearebothrepresentedinreligionpoetically,butthispoetrytendstoarrogatetoitselfliteraltruthandmoralauthority,neitherofwhichitpossesses.Hencethedepthandimportanceofreligionbecomesintelligiblenolessthanitscontradictionsandpracticaldisasters.Itsobjectisthesameasthatofreason,butitsmethodistoproceedbyintuitionandbyuncheckedpoeticalconceits.

1.Asusedinthepassage,theauthorwoulddefine"wisdom"as（

）.

2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTTRUE?

3.Accordingtotheauthor,sciencediffersfromreligioninthat（

）.

4.Theauthorstatesthatreligiondiffersfromrationalityinthat（

）.

5.Accordingtotheauthor,thepursuitofreligionhasprovedtobe（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.thepursuitofrationalitythroughimagination.

B.anunemotionalsearchforthetruth.

C.apurposefulandunbiasedquestforwhatisbest.

D.ashort-sightedwayofpursuinghappiness

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Religionseeksthetruththroughimagination,reason.Initssearch,utilizestheemotions.

B.Religionhasprovedanineffectivetoolinsolvingman’sproblems.

C.Scienceseeksapiecemealsolutiontoman’squestions.

D.Thefunctionsofphilosophyandreasonarethesame.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.itisunawareofultimategoals.

B.itisunimaginative.

C.itsfindingsareexactandfinal.

D.itresemblessocietyandart.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.itreliesonintuitionratherthanreasoning.

B.itisnotconcernedwiththeultimatejustificationofitsinstinctiveaims.

C.ithasdisappointedmankind.

D.ithasinspiredmankind.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.imaginative

B.aproviderofhopeforthefuture

C.ahighlyintellectualactivity

D.ineffectual

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:D

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)題。最后一段指出:宗教是通過想象來追逐理性，當(dāng)它解釋事件或闡明原因時(shí)，以虛構(gòu)的想象來取代科學(xué)，當(dāng)它訓(xùn)誡，暗示理想或者重塑抱負(fù)時(shí)，以想象代替智慧——智慧的意思是指有意識而又公正的追求一切好東西。故選C。

2.細(xì)節(jié)題。參照第一段的第4句話，“不論我們是否遵循理性，它不會(huì)催促或責(zé)備我們，除了以事物的本來面目和比例揭示各種事物而自然而然的激起我們的感情，它并不需要我們付出任何感情。”即理性是非感情的。因此A項(xiàng)“宗教通過想象力尋求真理，而理性的探索卻運(yùn)用感情”是不正確的。

3.細(xì)節(jié)題。參考第一段倒數(shù)第二句話:(宗教)無視目的，也不管其本能的目標(biāo)是否最終證明正確,故選A。

4.細(xì)節(jié)題。參考第一段中:宗教的掙扎與不斷變化的力量似乎促使人追求某種永恒的東西，它似乎追求靈魂的最終和諧以及靈魂與靈魂所依賴的一起事物之間的永恒的和諧。因此D項(xiàng)(它激起人類情感)正確。

5.態(tài)度方向。第二段指出：我們得承認(rèn)宗教追求理性生活一直是流產(chǎn)了（很失?。?。故選D項(xiàng)(無效)。

3.單選題

Aseducationalsystembecomeuniversal,moreandmorepeoplewereexposedtoabstractlearningratherthantothepractical（

）ofspecificskills.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.transportation

B.transaction

C.transmission

D.translation

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。transportation意為“運(yùn)送，運(yùn)輸”；transaction意為“交易，業(yè)務(wù)”；transmission意為“傳播，傳遞”；translation意為“翻譯”。

句意：隨著教育體系的普及，越來越多的人接觸到抽象的學(xué)習(xí)，而不是具體技能的實(shí)際傳授。

4.單選題

Theband______andwerebeginningtothrowtheirinstrumentdown.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.brokedown

B.brokeoff

C.brokerank

D.brokeout

【答案】A

【解析】【試題解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)brokedown“（關(guān)系的）破裂”；B選項(xiàng)brokeoff“（折斷）脫落；突然停止”；C選項(xiàng)brokerank“打破等級”；D選項(xiàng)brokeout“爆發(fā)”。句意：樂隊(duì)鬧翻解體，開始扔掉樂器。根據(jù)語境，樂隊(duì)中的成員扔掉樂器，停止彈奏音樂，是因?yàn)槌蓡T之間關(guān)系破裂，A選項(xiàng)brokedown“（關(guān)系的）破裂”符合題意。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

5.單選題

Itwasa

verydifficultexamination,（）he

passeditwithdistinction.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.consequently

B.moreover

C.nevertheless

D.likewise

【答案】C

【解析】句意：雖然考試很難,但他以優(yōu)異的成績通過了考試。此處為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,只有nevertheless有轉(zhuǎn)折的含義。

6.單選題

Somepeople（

）avoidquestionsofrightandwrongorremainneutralaboutthem.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.violently

B.enthusiastically

C.sincerely

D.deliberately

【答案】D

【解析】考查副詞詞義辨析。violently“猛烈地”；enthusiastically“熱心地”；sincerely“誠摯地”；deliberately“故意地”。句意：有些人有意回避對錯(cuò)的問題，或?qū)Υ吮３种辛?。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

7.單選題

Intheeyesofthelinguists,thereexistsno（）amongthelanguagesintheworld.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.status

B.scale

C.hierarchy

D.gauge

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A:status“身份；地位”；B:scale“規(guī)模；等級（層次），級別”；C:hierarchy“等級制度（尤指社會(huì)或組織）”；D:gauge“（常指用某種儀器）測量”。句意：在語言學(xué)家看來，世界上的語言中不存在等級之分。根據(jù)句意，B為正確答案。

8.單選題

Isecondhismotionthatwe（）aspecialboardtoexaminetheproblem.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.shallsetup

B.setup

C.wouldsetlip

D.sets

【答案】B

【解析】句意:我贊成他的提議，我們成立一個(gè)特別委員會(huì)來審查這個(gè)問題。

語法題。考查虛擬語氣。在motion(提議，議案)這類表示建議勸告等的從句中，動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該用虛擬語氣，即should+原形，should可省略，因此B正確。

9.翻譯題

TheEnglishmanhasbeencalledapoliticalanimal,andhevalueswhatispoliticalandpracticalsomuchthatideaseasilybecomeobjectsofdislikeinhiseyes,andthinkers,miscreants,becausepracticeiseverything,afreeplayofthemindisnothing.Thenotionofthefreeplayofminduponallsubjectsbeingapleasureinitself,beinganobjectofdesire,beinganessentialproviderofelementswithoutwhichanation’sspirit,whatevercompensationsitmayhaveforthem,mustinthelongrun,dieofemptiness,hardlyentersintoanEnglishman’sthoughts.Itisnoticeablethatthewordcuriosity,whichinotherlanguagesisusedinagoodsense,tomean,asahighandfinequalityofman’snature,justthisdisinterestedloveofaplayofthemindonallsubjects,foritsownsake—itisnoticeable,Isay,thatthiswordhasinourlanguagenosenseofthekind,nosensebutaratherbadanddisparagingone.Butcriticism,realcriticism,isessentiallytheexerciseofthisveryquality.

Itobeysaninstinctpromptingittotrytoknowthebestthatisknownandthoughtintheworld,irrespectivelyofpractice,politics,andeverythingofthekind;andtovalueknowledgeandthoughtastheyapproachthisbest,withouttheintrusionofanyotherconsiderationswhatsoever.Thisisaninstinctforwhichthereis,Ithink,littleoriginalsympathyinthepracticalEnglishnature,andwhattherewasofithasundergonealongbenumbingperiodofblightandsuppressionintheepochofRomanticism.

ItisofthelastimportancethatEnglishcriticismshouldclearlydiscernwhatruleofitscourse,inordertoavailitselfofthefieldnowopeningtoit,andtoproducefruitforthefuture,itoughttotake,whichmaybesummedupinoneword—disinterestedness.Andhowiscriticismtoshowdisinterestedness?Bykeepingalooffromwhatiscalled“thepracticalviewofthings”;byresolutelyfollowingthelawofitsownnature,whichistobeafreeplayofthemindonallsubjectsittouches.Bysteadilyrefusingtolenditselftoanyofthoseconcealed,political,practicalconsiderationsaboutideas,whichplentyofpeoplewillbesuretoattachtothem,butwhichcriticismhasnothingtodowith.Itsbusinessis,asIhavesaid,simplytoknowthebestthatisknownandthoughtintheworld,andbyinitsturnmakingthisknown,tocreateacurrentoftrueandfreshideas.Itsbusinessistodothiswithinflexiblehonesty,withdueability;butitsbusinessistodonomore.

【答案】對所有事物的自由思考本身就是一種樂趣,一種愿望,為民族精神提供了賴以生存的重要因素,不管其他什么樣的補(bǔ)償,一個(gè)國家的民族精神終究會(huì)由于空洞而消逝。但這種認(rèn)識很難進(jìn)入英國人的思想。

好奇心遵循一種本能,促使它不考慮實(shí)踐、政治和所有類似的事物,汲取世界上知識和思想的精華;并且促使它在這個(gè)過程中不受任何其他考慮的侵?jǐn)_,珍視知識和思想。

至關(guān)重要的是,英國的批評界若想利用向它敞開的領(lǐng)域,若想在將來有所收獲,必須清楚應(yīng)該為自己的發(fā)展道路選擇什么樣的原則。這種原則可以用“客觀”一詞加以概括。

10.單選題

Idon’tthinkthebuildingwaswell（

）andconstructed.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.deceived

B.perceived

C.conceived

D.achieved

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。deceive意為“欺詐”；perceive意為“意識到，察覺到”；conceive意為“想出，構(gòu)想，設(shè)想”；achieve意為“取得”。

句意：我覺得這棟建筑構(gòu)思不太巧妙，也修建得不太好。

11.單選題

Thefreshmantookawhileto（

）himselfthenewenvironmentoftheuniversity.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.familiarize

B.modify

C.orient

D.alter

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。orient...to…“使……適應(yīng)……”。句意：大學(xué)新生花了一段時(shí)間使自己適應(yīng)大學(xué)的新環(huán)境。根據(jù)句意，C為正確答案。

12.單選題

What’shotfor2007amongtheveryrich?A$7.3milliondiamondring.AtriptoTanzaniatohuntwildanimals.Oh,andincomeinequality.

Sure,someleftistbillionaireslikeGeorgeSoroshavebeenrailingagainstinequalityforyears.Butincreasingly,centristandright-wingbillionairesarestartingtoworryaboutincomeinequalityandthefateofthemiddleclass.

InDecember,MortimerZuckermanwroteacolumninU.S.New&WorldReport,whichheowns,“Ournation’scorebargainwiththemiddleclassisdisintegrating,”lamentedthe117th-richestmaninAmerica.“Mostofoureconomicgainshavegonetopeopleattheverytopoftheincomeladder.Averageincomeforahouse-holdofpeopleofworkingage,bycontrast,hasfallenfiveyearsinarow.”Henotedthat“TensofmillionsofAmericansliveinfearthatamajorhealthproblemcanreducethemtobankruptcy.”

WilburRossJr.hasechoedZuckerman’sangeroverthebitterstrugglesfacedbymiddle-classAmericans.“It’sanoutragethatanyAmerican’slifeexpectancyshouldbeshortenedsimplybecausethecompanytheyworkedforwentbankruptandendedhealth-carecoverage,”saidtheformerchairmanoftheInternationalSteelGroup.

What’shappening?TheveryricharejustastrendyasyouandI,andcanbesowhenitcomestopoliticsandpolicy.GiventherecentchangeofcontrolinCongress,thepopularityofmeasureslikeincreasingtheminimumwage,andeffortsbyCalifornian’sgovernortoofferuniversalhealthcare,theseguysdon’tneedtheirownpersonalweathermentoknowwhichwaythewindblows.It’spossiblethatplutocratsareexpressingsolidaritywiththestrugglingmiddleclassaspartofanefforttoinsulatethemselvesfromconfiscatorytaxpolicies.Buttheprospectthatincomeinequalitywillleadtohighertaxesonthewealthydoesn’tkeepplutocratsupatnight.Theycanlivewiththat.

No,whattheyfearwasthatthepoliticalchallengesofsustainingsupportforglobaleconomicintegrationwillbemoredifficultintheUnitedStatesbecauseofwhathashappenedtothedistributionofincomeandeconomicinsecurity.

Inotherwords,ifmiddle-classAmericanscontinuetostrugglefranticallyastheultrawealthygroweverwealthier,itwillbeincreasinglydifficulttomaintainpoliticalsupportforthefreeflowofgoods,services,andcapitalacrossborders.AndwhentheUnitedStatesplacesobstaclesinthewayofforeigninvestorsandforeigngoods,it’slikelytoencouragereciprocalactionabroad.Forpeoplewhobuyandsellcompanies,orwhoallocatecapitaltomarketsallaroundtheworld,that’stherealnightmare.

61.WhatisthecurrenttopicofcommoninterestamongtheveryrichinAmerica?

62.WhatdowelearnfromMortimerZuckerman’slamentation?

63.Fromthefifthparagraphwecanlearnthat______.

64.Whatistherealreasonforplutocratstoexpresssolidaritywiththemiddleclass?

65.WhatmayhappeniftheUnitedStatesplacesobstaclesinthewayofforeigninvestorsandforeigngoods?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Thefateoftheultra-wealthypeople.

B.Thedisintegrationofthemiddleclass.

C.Theinequalityinthedistributionofwealth.

D.Theconflictbetweentheleftandtherightwing.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Manymiddle-incomefamilieshavefailedtomakeabargainforbetterwelfare.

B.TheAmericaneconomicsystemhascausedmanycompaniestogobankrupt.

C.TheAmericannationisbecomingmoreandmoredivideddespiteitswealth.

D.ThemajorityofAmericansbenefitlittlefromthenation’sgrowingwealth.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.theveryricharefashion-conscious

B.theveryricharepoliticallysensitive

C.universalhealthcareistobeimplementedthroughoutAmerica

D.Congresshasgainedpopularitybyincreasingtheminimumwage

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Theywanttoprotectthemselvesfromconfiscatorytaxation.

B.Theyknowthatthemiddleclasscontributemosttosociety.

C.Theywanttogainsupportforglobaleconomicintegration.

D.Theyfeelincreasinglythreatenedbyeconomicinsecurity.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Thepricesofimportedgoodswillinevitablysoarbeyondcontrol.

B.Theinvestorswillhavetomakegreateffortstore-allocatecapital.

C.Thewealthywillattempttobuyforeigncompaniesacrossborders.

D.Foreigncountrieswillplacethesameeconomicbarriersinreturn.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】61.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“當(dāng)前美國富人共同感興趣的話題是什么？”。第二段提到Butincreasingly,centristandright-wingbillionairesarestartingtoworryaboutincomeinequalityandthefateofthemiddleclass.（但越來越多的中間派和右翼億萬富翁開始擔(dān)心收入不平等和中產(chǎn)階級的命運(yùn)），可知當(dāng)前美國富人共同感興趣的話題是收入不平等和中產(chǎn)階級的命運(yùn)，所以C項(xiàng)“財(cái)富分配的不平等”正確。A項(xiàng)“超級富豪的命運(yùn)”和D項(xiàng)“左翼和右翼之間的沖突”在文中沒有提到；B項(xiàng)“中產(chǎn)階級的解體”太片面，美國富人擔(dān)心的是國家與中產(chǎn)階級的核心交易的瓦解。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

62.推理判斷題。題干意思是“我們從MortimerZuckerman的悲嘆中學(xué)到了什么？”。根據(jù)題干定位到文章第三段，原文提到Mostofoureconomicgainshavegonetopeopleattheverytopoftheincomeladder.Averageincomeforahouse-holdofpeopleofworkingage,bycontrast,hasfallenfiveyearsinarow.（我們的大部分經(jīng)濟(jì)收益都流向了收入階梯最頂端的人；相比之下，工薪階層家庭的平均收入?yún)s連續(xù)5年下降），可推斷，盡管國家財(cái)富增長，但大多流向了收入最頂端的人，大部分的美國人得到的越來越少，故D項(xiàng)“大多數(shù)美國人從國家不斷增長的財(cái)富中獲益甚少”正確，由此也可知A項(xiàng)“許多中等收入家庭未能爭取到更好的福利”錯(cuò)誤；第三段最后一句講到TensofmillionsofAmericansliveinfearthatamajorhealthproblemcanreducethemtobankruptcy.（數(shù)以千萬計(jì)的美國人生活在恐懼之中，擔(dān)心一個(gè)重大的健康問題就會(huì)讓他們破產(chǎn)），由此可知B項(xiàng)“美國的經(jīng)濟(jì)體制已經(jīng)導(dǎo)致許多公司破產(chǎn)”表述與原文不符；C項(xiàng)“美國國家變得越來越分裂，盡管它很富有”在該段沒有提到。因此，該題選擇D項(xiàng)正確。

63.推理判斷題。題干意思是“從第五段我們可以了解到……”。第五段第二句提到TheveryricharejustastrendyasyouandI,andcanbesowhenitcomestopoliticsandpolicy.（富人和你我一樣適應(yīng)潮流，在政治和政策方面也可以如此），可以推斷，富人在政治和政策方面也非常敏感，故B項(xiàng)“非常富有的人在政治上很敏感”正確。A項(xiàng)“非常富有的人有時(shí)尚意識”是文中的一個(gè)比較，用來突出富人在政治方面的敏感性，該項(xiàng)不選；由andeffortsbyCalifornian’sgovernortoofferuniversalhealthcare（以及加州州長提供全民醫(yī)療保健的努力）這一句可知，C項(xiàng)“全民醫(yī)療保健將在整個(gè)美國實(shí)施”表述錯(cuò)誤；D項(xiàng)“國會(huì)通過提高最低工資獲得了歡迎”，文中只提到了國會(huì)提高最低工資等措施的流行，并沒有描述它的歡迎程度。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

64.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“富豪們表達(dá)與中產(chǎn)階級團(tuán)結(jié)一致的真正原因是什么？”。根據(jù)第六段No,whattheyfearwasthatthepoliticalchallengesofsustainingsupportforglobaleconomicintegrationwillbemoredifficultintheUnitedStatesbecauseofwhathashappenedtothedistributionofincomeandeconomicinsecurity.（不，他們擔(dān)心的是，由于收入分配不均和經(jīng)濟(jì)不安全，美國面臨的持續(xù)支持全球經(jīng)濟(jì)一體化的政治挑戰(zhàn)將更加困難）可知，富豪們表達(dá)與中產(chǎn)階級團(tuán)結(jié)一致的真正原因是想得到全球經(jīng)濟(jì)一體化的支持，故C項(xiàng)“他們希望獲得對全球經(jīng)濟(jì)一體化的支持”正確。由第五段最后一句Buttheprospectthatincomeinequalitywillleadtohighertaxesonthewealthydoesn’tkeepplutocratsupatnight.Theycanlivewiththat.（但收入不平等將導(dǎo)致對富人增稅的前景不會(huì)讓富豪們夜不能寐，他們承受得了）可知，A項(xiàng)“他們想保護(hù)自己不被沒收”和D項(xiàng)“他們感到越來越受到經(jīng)濟(jì)不安全感的威脅”不符合原文；B項(xiàng)“他們知道中產(chǎn)階級對社會(huì)貢獻(xiàn)最大”在文中沒有提及。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

65.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“如果美國對外國投資者和外國商品設(shè)置障礙，會(huì)發(fā)生什么？”。由最后一段倒數(shù)第二句AndwhentheUnitedStatesplacesobstaclesinthewayofforeigninvestorsandforeigngoods,it’slikelytoencouragereciprocalactionabroad.（當(dāng)美國為外國投資者和外國商品設(shè)置障礙時(shí)，很可能會(huì)鼓勵(lì)國外的對等行動(dòng)）可知，如果美國對外國投資者和外國商品設(shè)置障礙，其他國家也會(huì)采取相應(yīng)的措施，故D項(xiàng)“外國將設(shè)置同樣的經(jīng)濟(jì)壁壘作為回報(bào)”正確。A項(xiàng)“進(jìn)口商品的價(jià)格將不可避免地飆升到無法控制的程度”、B項(xiàng)“投資者將不得不做出巨大的努力來重新配置資本”和C項(xiàng)“富人將試圖跨越國界購買外國公司”在文中都未提及。因此，該題選擇D項(xiàng)正確。

13.單選題

Britainhasthehighest（

）ofroadtrafficintheworld—over60carsforeverymileofroad.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.popularity

B.prosperity

C.intensity

D.density

【答案】D

【解析】形近詞辨析。popularity普遍，流行；prosperity興旺，繁榮；intensity強(qiáng)烈，劇烈；density密集，稠密，密度。根據(jù)后面一句over60carsforeverymileofroad(每英里有60多輛汽車),推測D項(xiàng)正確。

14.單選題

Hehasbeenlefttosquirminamireofnewallegations.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.quagmire

B.moraine

C.plumed

D.fragmire

【答案】A

【解析】考查近義名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)quagmire“沼澤，泥濘地；困境，尷尬的處境”；B選項(xiàng)moraine“冰磧石”；C選項(xiàng)plumed“（adj）有羽毛的；羽毛狀的；用羽毛裝飾的”；D選項(xiàng)fragmire無實(shí)際意義。句意：他陷入了新的指控的泥沼中。mire“泥潭；泥沼”，與該詞意思最相近的是A選項(xiàng)，因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

15.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

TheGulfStream,whichrunslikeafriendlyblueriveracrossthecoldgreenAtlanticOcean,isoneofthemightiestpowersintheworld.Bycomparison,theMississippiandthemightyAmazonarebutsmallrivers.TwomilliontonsofcoalburnedeveryminutewouldnotequaltheheatthattheStreamgivesforthinitsAtlanticcrossing.WithouttheStream’swarmthEngland’spleasantgreencountrysidewouldbeascoldasLabrador,whichisnofarthernorththanEngland.Ifthis“riverofblue”werecooledasmuchas15degrees,England,Scandinavia,northernFranceandGermanywouldprobablybecomearegionfortheEskimos.

Thegeneralcourseoftheblueriverhasneverbeenknowntochange.FromFloridanorththeStreamfollowsthecurveofthecoastbutstayswellawayfromtheshore.WhenthewarmwatersmeettheicyLabradorcurrents,theStreamlosessomespeedandheat,butevenwithicebergsatitsmarginitstayswarmenoughfortropicalsealife.

AstheStreamnearsEuropeitdividesnorthandsouth.ThenortherndriftmixedwiththeArcticOcean.ThesoutherndriftcomesagainintothepathofAfrica’shottradewinds,andthewatershurrybacktotheGulfofMexico,gatheringagaintheirstoreofheat.ThecompletecourseoftheStream,therefore,islikeatremendous12,000-milewhirlpool.

ScientiststhinkthatittakesthreeyearsfortheStreamtomakeacompletetrip.TheirbeliefisbasedonthecoursesofbottlesthathavebeenthrownintotheStreamtodrift.Thesebottlescontainpapers,printedinmanylanguages,requestingthefinderstonotetheplacesanddatesoffindingandmailthemback.Governmentexpertsonoceancurrentshaverecordsofthousandsofthere“bottlepapers”.

Otheroceanshavesuchcurrents.IntheNorthPacific,forexample,theJapaneseCurrentmakestheclimateofcoastalAlaskaandAmerica’swestcoastmild.Scienceisstillnotsatisfiedwithwhatitknowsaboutthesecurrents.ButformostofusitisenoughtoknowthattheGulfStreamandsimilarcurrentsgivewarmthtocountriesthatwouldotherwisebeverycoldindeed.

1.Thephrasethatbestexpressesthemainideaofthisselectionis______.

2.ThewaterintheGulfStreamis______.

3.TheeffectoftheGulfStreamonEnglandisto______.

4.Scientistshaveusedpapersinbottlestodeterminethenumberof______.

5.ManycountriesshouldbethankfultotheGulfStreamandsimilarcurrentsfor______.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.interestingfactsabouttheGulfStream

B.scientificexperimentsontheGulfStream

C.currentssimilartotheGulfStream

D.tropicalsealifeintheGulfStream

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.pleasantlygreen

B.icyandblue

C.coldandgreen

D.warmandblue

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.makepossiblethegreencountryside

B.makeEnglandaregionforEskimos

C.coolpleasantlytheairinEngland

D.makenecessarytheburningofcoalsinwinter

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.beliefsabouttheexperimentsofthebottles

B.languagesspokenalongthecourseoftheGulfStream

C.yearsneededfortheStreamtomakeacompletetrip

D.similarcurrentsthathavenotyetbeenfound

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.coolsummers

B.moderateclimates

C.scientificfindings

D.specificrecordsofoceancurrents

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】1.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

1.Thephrasethatbestexpressesthemainideaofthisselectionis______.1.最能表達(dá)這篇文章主旨的短語是______。

A.interestingfactsabouttheGulfStreamA.關(guān)于墨西哥灣流的有趣事實(shí)

B.scientificexperimentsontheGulfStreamB.關(guān)于墨西哥灣流的科學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)

C.currentssimilartotheGulfStreamC.類似于墨西哥灣流的洋流

D.tropicalsealifeintheGulfStreamD.墨西哥灣流中的熱帶海洋生物

【考查點(diǎn)】主旨大意題。

【解題思路】首先，定位首段第一句“墨西哥灣流就像一條友好的藍(lán)色河流，穿過寒冷的綠色大西洋，是世界上最強(qiáng)大的力量之一”，和末段最后一句“但對我們大多數(shù)人來說，知道墨西哥灣流和類似的洋流給那些本來會(huì)非常寒冷的國家?guī)頊嘏妥銐蛄恕笨芍?，文章討論的主題是墨西哥灣流；然后，文章第二、三段描述了墨西哥灣流的旅行過程，以及第四段談到了關(guān)于墨西哥灣流旅行的科學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)，全文用一種生動(dòng)有趣的語言的來描寫，故A項(xiàng)“關(guān)于墨西哥灣流的有趣事實(shí)”最能表達(dá)文章主旨，該題選擇A項(xiàng)符合題意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B項(xiàng)“關(guān)于墨西哥灣流的科學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)”和C項(xiàng)“類似于墨西哥灣流的洋流”是最后兩段的內(nèi)容，不足以概括文章主旨，這兩項(xiàng)屬于以偏概全；

D項(xiàng)“墨西哥灣流中的熱帶海洋生物”只在文章第二段最后一句有提及，該項(xiàng)也屬于以偏概全。

2.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

2.ThewaterintheGulfStreamis______.2.墨西哥灣流中的水是______。

A.pleasantlygreenA.親切的綠色

B.icyandblueB.冰冷的和藍(lán)色的

C.coldandgreenC.冷的和綠色的

D.warmandblueD.溫暖的和藍(lán)色的

【考查點(diǎn)】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)第一段第一句“墨西哥灣流就像一條友好的藍(lán)色河流……”，和第四句“如果沒有這條小溪的溫暖，英格蘭宜人的綠色鄉(xiāng)村就會(huì)像拉布拉多一樣寒冷，而拉布拉多并不比英格蘭更靠北”可知，墨西哥灣流是藍(lán)色河流，且?guī)頊嘏?，D項(xiàng)“溫暖的和藍(lán)色的”符合題意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A項(xiàng)“親切的綠色”和C項(xiàng)“冷的和綠色的”，墨西哥灣流是藍(lán)色河流而非綠色，這兩項(xiàng)屬于曲解原文；

B項(xiàng)“冰冷的和藍(lán)色的”中的icy與原文相反，該項(xiàng)屬于反向干擾。

3.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

3.TheeffectoftheGulfStreamonEnglandisto______.3.墨西哥灣暖流對英國的影響是______。

A.makepossiblethegreencountrysideA.讓綠色鄉(xiāng)村成為可能

B.makeEnglandaregionforEskimosB.使英格蘭成為愛斯基摩人的領(lǐng)地

C.coolpleasantlytheairinEnglandC.使英國的空氣涼爽宜人

D.makenecessarytheburningofcoalsinwinterD.使冬天燒煤成為必要

【考查點(diǎn)】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)第一段第四句“如果沒有這條小溪的溫暖，英格蘭宜人的綠色鄉(xiāng)村就會(huì)像拉布拉多一樣寒冷……”，理解可知，如果沒有墨西哥灣暖流，那么英國就沒有宜人的綠色鄉(xiāng)村，換句話說，墨西哥灣暖流讓英國宜人的綠色鄉(xiāng)村成為可能，A項(xiàng)“讓綠色鄉(xiāng)村成為可能”符合題意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B項(xiàng)“使英格蘭成為愛斯基摩人的領(lǐng)地”，根據(jù)第一段最后一句“如果這條‘藍(lán)色河流’的溫度降低到15度，英國、斯堪的納維亞、法國北部和德國可能會(huì)成為愛斯基摩人的一個(gè)地區(qū)”可知，如果墨西哥灣流溫度降低，英國就會(huì)淪為愛斯基摩人地區(qū)，但這并不是暖流帶來的影響，該項(xiàng)屬于反向干擾；

C項(xiàng)“使英國的空氣涼爽宜人”沒有提到，該項(xiàng)屬于無中生有；

D項(xiàng)“使冬天燒煤成為必要”，墨西哥灣帶來了暖流，所以不需要燒煤，該項(xiàng)屬于反向干擾。

4.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

4.Scientistshaveusedpapersinbottlestodeterminethenumberof______.4.科學(xué)家們用瓶子里的紙張來確定______的數(shù)量。

A.beliefsabouttheexperimentsofthebottlesA.關(guān)于瓶子實(shí)驗(yàn)的信念

B.languagesspokenalongthecourseoftheGulfStreamB.沿墨西哥灣暖流行進(jìn)過程中所說的語言

C.yearsneededfortheStreamtomakeacompletetripC.河流完成一次完整旅行所需的年數(shù)

D.similarcurrentsthathavenotyetbeenfoundD.尚未發(fā)現(xiàn)的類似洋流

【考查點(diǎn)】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干定位至第四段“科學(xué)家們認(rèn)為，這條河流需要三年時(shí)間才能完成一次完整的旅行。他們的信念是基于瓶子被扔進(jìn)河中漂流的過程。這些瓶子里裝著用多種語言印制的紙張，要求發(fā)現(xiàn)者記下發(fā)現(xiàn)的地點(diǎn)和日期，然后寄回。”從中理解可知，科學(xué)家們在瓶子里裝著紙張，然后扔進(jìn)河中，瓶子的發(fā)現(xiàn)者還要記錄發(fā)現(xiàn)地點(diǎn)和日期，這都是為了證實(shí)科學(xué)家的猜想，即這條河流完成一次完整的旅行需要的時(shí)間，C項(xiàng)“河流完成一次完整旅行所需的年數(shù)”符合題意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A項(xiàng)“關(guān)于瓶子實(shí)驗(yàn)的信念”和B項(xiàng)“沿墨西哥灣暖流行進(jìn)過程中所說的語言”根據(jù)解題思路可知，這兩項(xiàng)屬于曲解原文；

D項(xiàng)“尚未發(fā)現(xiàn)的類似洋流”沒有提到，該項(xiàng)屬于無中生有。

5.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

5.ManycountriesshouldbethankfultotheGulfStreamandsimilarcurrentsfor______.5.許多國家應(yīng)該感謝墨西哥灣流和類似的洋流帶來的______。

A.coolsummersA.涼爽夏季

B.moderateclimatesB.溫和的氣候

C.scientificfindingsC.科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)

D.specificrecordsofoceancurrentsD.海洋洋流的具體記錄

【考查點(diǎn)】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)文章最后一句“但對我們大多數(shù)人來說，知道墨西哥灣流和類似的洋流給那些本來會(huì)非常寒冷的國家?guī)頊嘏妥銐蛄恕笨芍?，許多國家應(yīng)該感謝墨西哥灣流和類似的洋流帶來的溫暖氣候，B項(xiàng)“溫和的氣候”符合題意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A項(xiàng)“涼爽夏季”沒有提到，該項(xiàng)屬于無中生有；

C項(xiàng)“科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)”和D項(xiàng)“海洋洋流的具體記錄”是科學(xué)家們的研究，與題干無關(guān)，這兩項(xiàng)屬于張冠李戴。

16.單選題

Thearchaeologist（

）thatthevasewas1500yearsold.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.upheld

B.estimated

C.sustained

D.unitized

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。upheld意為“支持”；estimate意為“估計(jì)，預(yù)測”；sustain意為“維持”；unitize意為“統(tǒng)一（化），組成”。

句意：考古學(xué)家估計(jì)這個(gè)花瓶有1500年歷史了。

17.單選題

Itisreportedthathemeanstoexchangeintoanotherregiment,（）forthepurposeofseparatinghimselffromme.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.avowingly

B.avowing

C.avowed

D.avowedly

【答案】D

【解析】語法題。avowing“承認(rèn)，公開宣稱”；avowed“公開宣布的”；avowedly“公然地”?？崭駪?yīng)該用副詞來修飾整個(gè)句子。句意：據(jù)報(bào)道他打算調(diào)到另一個(gè)政權(quán)，目的是公然地和我劃清界限。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

18.單選題

Itusedtobesostraightforward.Ateamofresearchersworkingtogetherinthelaboratorywouldsubmittheresultsoftheirresearchtoajournal.Ajournaleditorwouldthenremovetheauthors7namesandaffiliationsfromthepaperandsendittotheirpeersforreview.Dependingonthecommentsreceived,theeditorwouldacceptthepaperforpublicationordeclineit.Copyrightrestedwiththejournalpublisher,andresearchersseekingknowledgeoftheresultswouldhavetosubscribetothejournal.

Nolonger.TheInternet-andpressurefromfundingagencies,whoarequestioningwhycommercialpublishersaremakingmoneyfromgovernment-fundedresearchbyrestrictingaccesstoit-ismakingaccesstoscientificresultsareality.TheOrganizationforEconomicCo-operationandDevelopment（OECD.hasjustissuedareportdescribingthefar-reachingconsequencesofthis.Thereport,byJohnHoughtonofVictoriaUniversityinAustraliaandGrahamVickeryoftheOECD,makesheavyreadingforpublisherswhohave,sofar,madehandsomeprofits.Butitgoesfurtherthanthat.Itsignalsachangeinwhathas,untilnow,beenakeyelementofscientificendeavor.

Thevalueofknowl