(新高考)高考英語一輪復習課件必修三 Unit 4 Space Exploration (含詳解)

Unit4

SpaceExploration主題語境：人與社會(科學與技術)【話題詞匯】1.biotechnologyn．生物科技2.transplantn．&vt.

移植3.technologicaladj.技術的4.potentialadj.潛在的5.innovationn.創(chuàng)新；改革6.digitaladj.數(shù)字的；數(shù)碼的7.artificialadj.人工的8.intelligencen.智能9.high-techadj.高技術的；高科技的10.devicen.裝置；設備11.appliancen.器具；器械12.genen.基因13.beneficialadj.有利的；有益的14.advantagen.優(yōu)點；優(yōu)勢15.disadvantagen.缺點；劣勢16.advancedadj.先進的【話題短語】1.contrastwith與……形成對照2.bythismeans/inthisway用這種方式3.sideeffects副作用4.testout試驗5.portablecomputer便攜式電腦6.virtualnet虛擬網(wǎng)絡7.textmessage手機短信8.digitaltechnology數(shù)字技術9.artificialintelligence人工智能10.newandhightechnologyindustry高新技術產(chǎn)業(yè)【話題佳句】1.Thereisnodoubtthatwebenefitalotfromthescientificadvancementsinmanydifferentways.毫無疑問，我們在許多不同的方面受益于科學的進步。2.Scientistsarestilluncertain/notsurehowgenesinfluenceaging.科學家們?nèi)匀徊磺宄蛟趺从绊懰ダ稀?.Scienceandtechnologyplayanimportantroleinoursocialistconstruction.科技在我們的社會主義建設中起重要作用。【話題練習】1.Thedaywillcomeintimewhenintelligentrobotswilltaketheplaceofmachineoperatorstododangerouswork.智能機器人會取代機器操作工人從事危險工作的這一天遲早會到來。2.Weneedmoremoneyifwearetomakeanyfurtheradvancesinthisareaofscience.要想在這一科學領域取得進一步的發(fā)展，我們需要更多的資金。Ⅰ.重點單詞1．________________adj.精神的；思想的2．________________n.交通工具；車輛3．________________n.渴望；欲望vt.

渴望；期望4．________________vt.

標志著；標明；發(fā)信號n.信號；標志5．________________adv.否則；要不然6．________________prep.在更遠處；超出7．________________vt.&vi.論證；爭辯8．________________n.模式；圖案9．________________n.監(jiān)視器；檢測儀v.監(jiān)視；監(jiān)測；監(jiān)控10．________________adj.定期的；經(jīng)常的mentalvehicledesiresignalotherwisebeyondarguepatternmonitorregularⅡ.拓展單詞1．__________vt.使失望→___________adj.失望的；

沮喪的→__________adj.令人失望的→____________n.失望；

沮喪2．________n.缺乏；

短缺；vt.

沒有；

缺乏→________adj.缺乏的；

沒有的；

不足的3．________vt.查明；

確定；

決定→___________

n.決定；

確定→________adj.有決心的；意志堅定的4．________adj.聰明的；有智力的→_________n.智力；才智5．________n.渴望；

欲望；vt.渴望；

期望→________adj.令人滿意的→________adj.渴望的；

想得到的disappointdisappointeddisappointingdisappointmentlacklackingdeterminedeterminationdeterminedintelligentintelligencedesiredesirabledesired6．________v．&n.限制→________n．限制；

能力上的不足→________adj.有限的→________adj.無限制的；

無界限的7．________vt.系；綁；貼；(使)附屬→________n．附件；喜愛；連接8．__________adj.獨立的；自主的→___________adv.獨立地；自立地→__________n.獨立9．________adj.足夠的→________n.足夠；充分10．________adj.當前的；現(xiàn)在的n.水流；電流；思潮→________n.通貨；貨幣limitlimitationlimitedlimitlessattachattachmentindependentindependentlyindependencesufficientsufficiencycurrentcurrency聯(lián)想拓展t結尾的形容詞變名詞以ce結尾①independent→independence②absent→absence③patient→patience④significant→significance⑤brilliant→brilliance

result構成的短語①asaresultof因為②resultfrom因……發(fā)生；隨……發(fā)生③resultin造成；導致④asaresult結果⑤withtheresultof帶有……的結果Ⅲ.核心短語1．________________最后2．________________為了；以便3．________________所以；結果是4．________________繼續(xù)做；堅持干5．________________提供生活所需6．________________對……感到好奇7．________________弄懂；弄清楚8．________________在飛船上；在船上；在飛機上9．________________導致；造成10．_________________抱著……希望inclosingsoastoasaresultcarryonprovideforsb.becuriousaboutfigureoutonboardresultininthehopeofdoingsth.聯(lián)想拓展in結尾的動詞短語①cutin插嘴②breakin闖入③givein讓步④handin上交⑤bringin引進⑥dropin拜訪與科技有關的常用詞匯①digitaladj.數(shù)字的；數(shù)碼的②downloadvt.

下載③surfv.上網(wǎng)；瀏覽④3Dtechnology3D技術⑤electronicbooks電子讀物⑥technologicalinnovation科技創(chuàng)新Ⅳ.重點句型1．make＋賓語＋賓語補足語Thesedisasters___________________________，(讓每個人都感到悲傷和失望)butthedesiretoexploretheuniverseneverdied.2．Thisisbecause...“那/這是因為”____________(這是因為)peoplebelieveintheimportanceofcarryingonspaceexplorationdespitethehugerisks.3．exploringspace是動名詞短語在句中作主語。Firstly,________________(探索太空)hasalreadymadeadifferenceinthefightagainstworldhunger.4．It＋be＋形容詞＋(for/ofsb.)todosth.對某人來說，做……是……_________________(有必要)anewhomeforpeopleinspace，astheresourcesonEarthwillrunout.madeeveryonesadanddisappointedThisisbecauseexploringspaceItisnecessarytofind高頻考點探究Ⅰ.核心詞匯1．determinevt.

查明；確定；決定【教材原句】Nomatterwhatyoudeterminetodo,Iwouldsidewithyou.無論你決定做什么，我都支持你。

(1)determinetodosth.決心做某事determineon/upon(doing)sth.決定(做)某事(2)determinedadj.有決心的；

意志堅定的bedeterminedtodosth.下定決心做某事bedeterminedthat...決心……(3)determinationn.決定；

確定【練透考點】單句語法填空①Theoutcomeofthiselectionwillbe________(determine)bythevotesandbythelaw.②Everyoneconcernedactedwithgreatcourageand____________(determine)．③Weare________(determine)torescuehistwocountrymen.【佳句背誦】Heisdeterminedtogetaheadofothersinstudies,soheworksdayandnight.他決心在學習上勝過別人，所以他日夜努力。determineddeterminationdetermined2．a(chǎn)rguevt.&vi.論證；爭辯；爭論【典型例句】Hedoesnotarguewiththem,becauseheknowstheydidnotexperiencewhathewentthrough.他不會跟他們爭辯，因為他知道他們沒有體驗過他遭遇的事情。(1)arguewithsb.about/oversth.與某人爭論某事arguefor/against(doing)sth.據(jù)理力爭/反對某事o/outofdoingsth.說服某人做/不做某事arguethat...主張/爭辯說……(2)argumentn.爭論；爭吵；論點haveanargumentwithsb.與某人爭吵/爭論beyondargument無可爭辯【熟詞生義】Theselatestdevelopmentsargueachangeingovernmentpolicy.最近的事態(tài)發(fā)展表明政府改變了政策。(argue：證明，表明)【練透考點】單句語法填空/完成句子①It_____________(argue)bysomethatgiftedchildrenshouldbegroupedinspecialclassesinthepastfewyears.②InthisarticleIwillpointoutsomefurtherexplanations,andargue________oneofthem.③Thecommitteeisconcernedaboutplayers'behaviour,especially___________(與裁判爭吵)referees.④We'dliketoaskyoutohelpus_______________.(解決一場爭論)hasbeenarguedforarguingwithsettleanargument【佳句背誦】AndwhatIargueistheseareourvalues,theseareideals,thesearethethingswelookupto.我要說明的是，這些是我們的價值觀，是理想，是我們所向往的。3．disappointedadj.失望的；

沮喪的【典型例句】Onebyone，theapplicantslefttheinterview'sofficewithdisappointedlooksonthefaces.一個接一個，求職者面帶失望的表情離開了面試間。(1)bedisappointedat/with/aboutsth.對……失望bedisappointedin/withsb.對某人感到失望(2)disappointingadj.令人失望的；

令人掃興的(3)disappointvt.

使失望(4)disappointmentn.失望；

沮喪toone'sdisappointment令某人失望的是【練透考點】單句語法填空①Tomy____________(disappoint),theyrefusedmyrequest.②Wewerealldisappointed__________thenewsthatourpicnicwascancelledbecauseoftherain.③Theauthorfeels___________(disappoint)aboutthesolutiontotheproblem.【佳句背誦】WhatdisappointedmewasthatIfailedtopassthetest.使我失望的是我考試失敗。disappointmentat/with/aboutdisappointed4．limitedadj.有限的【典型例句】Lifeislimited,butthereisnolimittoservingpeople.生命是有限的，但為人民服務是無限的。(1)belimitedto受限于……(2)limitv.限制；限定

limit...to限定在……范圍內(nèi)(3)limitn.限制；限度setalimitto限定范圍在……thereisa/nolimitto...……是有限/無限的withinlimits在某種程度上；有一定限制【練透考點】單句語法填空/完成句子①Thisdictionaryusesa________(limit)numberofwords,around2000,initsdefinition.②Theorganizationcommitteesetalimit________thenumber.③Thelengthofthearticleshould________________(限制在)400wordsorso.④Thereis__________(無限的)thechild'simagination.【佳句背誦】Limitedresourcesarerestrictingourcapacityfordevelopingnewproducts.有限的資源正制約著我們開發(fā)新產(chǎn)品的能力。limitedtobelimitedtonolimitto5．a(chǎn)ttachvt.

系；綁；貼【典型例句】IhavenochoicebuttobotheryoutocorrectmymistakesinthematerialIattachtotheletter.我別無選擇，只有麻煩您幫我修改一下我附在信后的材料。(1)attachsth.tosth.把……附在……上attachimportance/significanceto重視，認為……重要/有意義(2)attachedadj.(作表語)附屬于；依戀beattachedto附屬于；依戀(3)attachmentn.附屬物；愛慕；依戀【練透考點】單句語法填空①Onreturninghome,shefoundanote________(attach)tothedoor,reading“Callinlater”．②Learningstrategies,________whichteachersattachimportance,havenotyetdrawnenoughattentionofstudents.③Theboyisnowstudyinginthemiddleschool________(attach)tothenormaluniversity.【佳句背誦】Forfurtherinformation,pleasecontactusontheattachedform.如需更多信息，請憑附表聯(lián)系我們。attachedtoattached6．lackvi.&vt.缺乏；沒有；n.缺乏【典型例句】Theylackphysicalexerciseandtheskilltocommunicatewiththeirfriendsfacetoface.他們?nèi)狈w能鍛煉和面對面與朋友交際的能力。(1)forlackof因缺乏……alackof缺乏……(2)lackingadj.短缺的；缺乏的belackingin缺少……【練透考點】單句語法填空①Though________(lack)money,hisparentsmanagedtosendhimtoauniversity.②Moreandmorehigh-risebuildingshavebeenbuiltinbigcitiesfor________ofspace.③Thisiswhatmotivationorthe________ofitcando.句式升級(分詞作主語改寫)④Helackstheconfidenceinhisstudy，whichaccountsforwhyhemakeslittleprogress._________________________accountsforwhyhemakeslittleprogress.lackinglacklackLackingtheconfidenceinhisstudyⅡ.核心短語7．carryon繼續(xù)干，堅持干【典型例句】Herbraveryhasgivenhimthewilltocarryonwithhislifeandhiswork.她的勇氣激發(fā)了他繼續(xù)生活和工作下去的意愿。carryout進行，

開展，

執(zhí)行(計劃、命令)carrythrough完成；

把……進行到底；

使人渡過難關carryoff拿走；

奪走carrysb.back使回想起；

回憶起【練透考點】用含有carry的短語填空①Theywill________theexperimentregardlessofwhatwillhappen.②Thecollegeteam________alltheprizesofthetabletennis.③AndIhopetheywillfindmoreappropriatemeansto________thisfight.④Thesmellofthesea________her________toherchildhood.【佳句背誦】Theymanagedtocarryontheirexperimentsinspiteofthedifficulties.雖有困難，他們還是設法使試驗繼續(xù)下去。carryoutcarriedoffcarryoncarriedback8．resultin導致；

造成【典型例句】Researchhasshownthathavingapreferenceforjunkfoodcanresultinobesity.研究表明，偏愛垃圾食品會導致肥胖。asaresultof由于(后跟原因)resultfrom起因，由于(后跟原因)withtheresultthat...結果……withoutresult毫無結果【練透考點】①Ilearnedthatshoutingandthreatsofpunishmentwouldresult________adisaster.②As________result,peoplewilleatmorefoodtotrytomakeupforthatsomethingmissing.③Jennynearlymissedtheflightasaresult________doingtoomuchshopping.【佳句背誦】Competitioncanbehealthy,butifitispushedtoofaritcanresultinbullying.競爭可以是良性的，但如果被推向極端，就會導致恃強凌弱。inaofⅢ.典型句式精析9．Thesedisastersmadeeveryonesadanddisappointed,butthedesiretoexploretheuniverseneverdied.這些災難讓每個人都感到悲傷和失望，

但探索宇宙的欲望從未消失?！镜湫屠洹縎heknewthatthesesolutionswerenotgoingtomakemehappy.她知道這些方法不會讓我高興。本句中madeeveryonesadanddisappointed是make的復合結構，

即make＋賓語＋賓語補足語；

其中形容詞sadanddisappointed作賓語補足語。make的復合結構如下：①makesb.dosth.使/讓某人做某事②makesb./sth.done使某人或某事被……③makesb./sth.doing使某人或某事一直做……④make＋sb./sth.＋adj.使某人或某事(變得)……⑤make＋sb./sth.＋n.讓某人或某物成為……

【練透考點】單句語法填空/完成句子①ShefearsmoregunsonthestreetsintheUSAwillmakethings________(bad)．②Heraisedhisvoiceinordertomakehimself________(understand).③Hemakestheboywhodidn'tfinishhishomework________(stand)thereallthetime.④Whenitwasgettingdark,Marytriedto___________________.(留我們吃晚飯)【佳句背誦】Aftergraduation,hebelievesthatthesystemwillmakehimabetterdoctor.畢業(yè)之后，他相信這種體制會使他成為一名更好的醫(yī)生。worseunderstoodstandingmakeusstayforsupper10．Firstly，exploringspacehasalreadymadeadifferenceinthefightagainstworldhunger.首先，

探索太空已經(jīng)在與世界饑餓的斗爭中發(fā)揮了作用?！镜湫屠洹縇isteningtoloudmusicatrockconcertshascausedhearinglossinsometeenagers.在搖滾音樂會上聽很吵的音樂已造成了一些青少年的聽力喪失?！驹~塊必記】exploringspace是動名詞短語在句中作主語。動名詞作主語有如下幾種常見情況：(1)位于句首作主語。(2)用it作形式主語，把動名詞(真實主語)置于句尾作后置主語。常用于“Itisnousedoing...”，“Itisnogooddoing...”，“Itisawasteoftimedoing...”等句型中。(3)動名詞的復合結構作主語。當動名詞有自己的邏輯主語時，?？梢栽谇懊婕由弦粋€名詞或代詞的所有格作動名詞的邏輯主語，構成動名詞的復合結構?！揪毻缚键c】完成句子①他們來幫忙對我們是極大的鼓勵。_________________wasagreatencouragementtous.②勸說這樣的人加入真是浪費時間。Itisawasteoftime_________________________.【佳句背誦】WatchingnewsonTVhasbecomearoutineforme.在電視上看新聞成為了我的常規(guī)之事。TheircomingtohelppersuadingsuchapersontojoinusⅠ.高考能力同步化——單句語法填空1．[2020·全國卷Ⅰ]WhileItendtobuyalotofbooks,thesethreeweregiventomeasgifts,whichmightaddtothemeaningIattach________them.2．[2020·新高考全國Ⅰ卷]Writingapoemof120wordsresult________disqualification.3．[2020·江蘇高考]It'snotwhathappenstousthat________(determine)ourlives—it'swhatwemakeofwhathappens.4．[2020·江蘇高考]Later,heworkedinAfrica,wheremanypeoplesufferedfromblindnessforlack________propertreatment.5．[2019·天津高考]Withabroaderperspective，wewillbemorefree，moreopen-minded，andless________(limit)inwhatwecanbecome!toindeterminesoflimited6．________(work)intheseconditionsisnotapleasurebutasuffer.7．Elizabethhasalreadyachievedsuccess________herwildestdreams.8．WhenIturnedup,thechildren__________(argue)overwhichTVprogrammetowatch.9．Thehallwasalreadyfull,andhundredsof_____________(disappoint)fanswereturnedawayatthedoor.10．Determined________(carry)onasifeverythingwerenormal,herespondedwithakindofindifference.WorkingbeyondwerearguingdisappointedtocarryⅡ.必備知識試題化——完成句子1．Despitehis________________experience,hegotthejob.他雖然經(jīng)驗不足，但還是獲得了這份工作。2．Somethingsare________________，butyoucanlearnmuchfromthem.有些事你無法控制，但卻可以從中學到很多。3．_______________________，hefailedagaininthedrivingtest.讓他很失望的是，他這一次又沒有通過駕駛測試。4．Itisunwiseforthestudentsto___________________________theexam.對學生來說，過分重視考試是不明智的。5．Afterheleft,Ijusttriedto________asnormal.他離開之后，我就像往常一樣繼續(xù)努力干。lackofbeyondcontrolTohisgreatdisappointmentattachtoomuchimportancetocarryonⅢ.教材語篇高考化——語法填空閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Peoplehavealwayswantedtolearnmoreaboutspace.Beforethemid-20thcentury,mostpeoplefelt1.________(travel)intospacewasanimpossibledream.However,2.________thehelpofscientists,peoplesucceededinrealizingtheirdream3.________(explore)space.On4October1957,theSputnik1satellite4.__________(launch)bytheUSSR.5.________scientiststrytomakesurenothinggoeswrong,ingwithtoexplorewaslaunchedAlthoughThesedisastersmadeeveryone6.__________(disappoint),butpeoplestillbelieveintheimportanceof7.________(carry)onspaceexploration.In2003,Chinabecamethethirdcountryto8.__________(independent)sendhumansintospace.ThenShenzhou6and7completed9.________secondmannedorbitandthefirstChinesespacewalk.Inspiteofthedifficulties,scientistshopefuture10.________(discovery)willnotonlyenableustounderstandtheuniversebutalsohelpussurvivewellintothefuture.disappointedcarryingindependentlyadiscoveries閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容寫一篇60詞左右的內(nèi)容概要。WeGirlsCanDoAnything—Right,Barbie!Barbie,the11.5inchfashiondollfromMattelToys,Inc.,isoneofthemostpopulartoysinhistory.Thesuccessandlongevity,practicallyunheardofinthetoyindustry,makesBarbieoneofthehottestAmericanpopularitemsofthetwentiethcentury.Theproduct'senduranceisduetoitsinnerplayvalue.Withimagination,aswellashands,achildcanusethedollinmanyways;itbecomeswhatevershewants.AffordabilityofthefashionhasalsobeenafactorinBarbie'spopularity.TheLiveActiondollsof1971,dressedinrockandrolloutfits,wereamongthefirstinwhichtheappealcouldbeobtainedonlybypurchasingthedoll.Earlyon,criticsallegedthatBarbieover-emphasizedbeauty,fashionabledress,andtheacquisitionofmaterialthings.In1964theNationalstated,“Sheisasocialclimberandatediousself-lover.”TwoyearslateracriticattackedBarbie'sobsessionwithfashioninWomen'sWearDaily.ThecompanyclaimedthatBarbiewasneverintendedtobearolemodelforgirls.Butlikealldolls,Barbiereplicatesthehumanbodyandthereforehumancharacteristicsareprojectedontoit.GirlsplayingwiththedollwereunawarethattheircollectionsofBarbie'sdresseswereofhautecouture(高級時裝)innature,buttheyrecognizedsimilarstylesintheirmother'sclosets.GirlsalsounderstoodlowneckdressandskintightpantslikeBarbieherself,representedtheworldofgrown-ups,aworldtheywerepreparingtoenter.Thedollismanythingstomanypeople.Barbie'snegativeaspectscannotbedenied,butshecanbeavehicleforgrowth._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Step1語篇解讀理清結構[文章大意]本文是_________文，文章主要說明了

_____________________________________________。[結構分析]文章第一、二段說明了

________________________________________________第三段寫的是

_________________________________，但該公司回應稱芭比娃娃從未想過要成為女孩的榜樣。第四、五段主要是說__________________________________________。說明

芭比娃娃之所以成功和長壽，是因為它的內(nèi)在價值和購買力“芭比之所以成功和長壽，是因為它的內(nèi)在價值和可負擔性。”

盡管批評人士抱怨芭比娃娃過于強調(diào)美麗芭比娃娃的世界是成人世界的反映，它是兒童成長的見證Step2篩選信息提煉要點段落關鍵詞/中心句Para1._____________________________________________________Para2._____________________________________________________Para3._____________________________________________________Para4._____________________________________________________Para