【課件】高三非謂語總復(fù)習(xí) 課件

非謂語動詞

句子成分1.一般謂語都是由一個動詞或動詞短語來充當(dāng)

Shegothereatsix.2.有些謂語是由“系動詞+表語”構(gòu)成

Thegirlfeltcold.Heisateacher.句子成分3.有些謂語由“情態(tài)動詞+do”構(gòu)成

CanyouspeakFrench?Wemustbecareful.4.如果不及物動詞作謂語，則不可以直接加賓語，但可以在不及物動詞后加介詞再跟賓語

Wedependonourselves,notothers.一：非謂語使用條件：一個句子當(dāng)中，已經(jīng)存在一個謂語動詞,又沒有連詞的情況下,還有別的動詞出現(xiàn)時Shegotoffthebus,but

leftherhandbagonherseat.Shegotoffthebus,leavingherhandbagonherseat.非謂語不定式（todo)過去分詞(-ed)-ing動名詞或現(xiàn)在分詞-ed分詞二：非謂語動詞有哪些？非謂語動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)(以動詞make為例)

時態(tài)

語態(tài)主動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)-ing一般式完成式-ed一般式

todo一般式完成式進行式

making

beingmade

havingmadehavingbeenmade

/

madetomaketobemadetohavemadetohavebeenmadetobemaking/動詞-ing：主，謂,賓，定,狀,表，補動詞-ed：主，謂,賓，定,狀,表，補不定式：主，謂,賓，定,狀,表，補√√√√√√√√√√√√√√√√三、非謂語動詞在句中通常作什么成分？

Seeingisbelieving.

Toseeistobelieve.若主語和表語都是非謂語動詞,應(yīng)保持形式上的一致。

1、不定式和動名詞均能作主語、表語

Infact_____isahardjobforthepolicetokeeporderinanimportantmatch.A.thisB.thatC.thereD.itD為避免頭重腳輕，保持句子平衡，用it作形式主語，真正的主語todo置于句后。下列句型中常用動名詞作真正的主語:Itis/wasnouse/goodnotanyuse/goodoflittleuse/gooduseless+doingsth.1）有些動詞后只跟不定式作賓語，如：P18

2）有些動詞后只跟動名詞作賓語，如：P22

2、不定式和動名詞都可作賓語,有何區(qū)別？3）有些動詞后既可以跟不定式，又可以跟動名詞作賓語，但意義上有明顯差別，如：P264）有些動詞后可用it代替todo做形式賓語

1)Ican’tstand______withJaneinthesameoffice.Shejustrefuses_____talkingwhilesheworks.A.working;stoppingB.towork;stoppingC.working;tostopD.towork;tostop

2)Hegotwell-preparedforthejobinterview,forhecouldn’trisk____thegoodopportunity.A.toloseB.losingC.tobelostD.beinglostCB

3)LittleJimshouldlove____tothetheatrethisevening.A.tobetaken

B.totake

C.beingtaken

D.taking

如果like,love,prefer前有would/should,

后面則應(yīng)該接動詞不定式。

AAfind/think/consider/feel/makeit+賓補(adj./n.短語)+todosth.Ifounditimpossibletoanswerallthequestionswithinthetimegiven.我發(fā)現(xiàn)在規(guī)定的時間內(nèi)答完所有的問題是不可能的。Ourschoolmakesitaruletoturnoffthelights.我們學(xué)校規(guī)定學(xué)生們每晚10：00熄燈。不定式做賓補時省略to:五看二聽一感覺，三個使役緊跟著，一個幫助兩均可，如若主動變被動，該to一定要帶上。3、不定式和分詞作賓語補足語,有何區(qū)別？Thebossevenmadethemworkonweekends.Theywereevenmadetoworkonweekendsbytheboss.

①Iheardher______(sing)anEnglishsongjustnow.②Iheardher________(sing)anEnglishsongwhenIpassedbyherroomyesterday.③IheardtheEnglishsong____

(sing)manytimes.(4)IheardtheEnglishsong____________(sing)whenIpassedbyherroomyesterday.

(5)Thepolicemannoticedthesuspect(嫌疑犯)_________(enter)thebank.singsingingsungbeingsungentering現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動、進行之意；過去分詞表示被動與完成；不定式表示在謂語動詞表即將發(fā)生的動作。

例如：①Thequestion__________(discuss)atthemeetingyesterdayisofgreatimportance.②Thequestion_____________(discuss)atthemeetingnowisofgreatimportance.③Thequestion______________(discuss)atthemeetingtomorrowisofgreatimportance.discussedbeingdiscussedtobediscussed4、不定式和分詞作定語,有何區(qū)別？1.Thefilm_______(direct)byChaplinwasveryinteresting.directed2.Thestreetwascoveredwith_____(fall)leaves.3.Chinaisacountry_________(develop)veryquickly.4.Areyougoingtothemeeting__________(hold)intheteachers’officetomorrow?5.AmeliaEarhartisthefirst_____(fly)acrosstheAtlantic.6.Whydidn’tyouattendthemeeting__________(hold)now?fallendevelopingtobeheldtofly非謂語作定語的5種形式：doing/beingdonedonetodo/tobedonebeingheldTodo作狀語：P19-20分詞作狀語：P255、不定式和分詞作狀語,有何區(qū)別？非謂語作狀語的6種形式：todo/tobedonedoing/havingdonedone/havingbeendone解題技巧：1.判斷是或否考察非謂語2.判斷是否表目的3.判斷非謂語動詞和邏輯主語的關(guān)系4.判斷非謂語動詞與主句謂語的先后關(guān)系5.否定not置于非謂語結(jié)構(gòu)前Practice:1).When_______(heat),waterwillbechangedintovapour(水汽).While_______(heat)water,wecanchangeitintovapour.2)_____(see)fromthehill,thecitylooks

beautiful._______(see)fromthehill,youwillfindthecitybeautiful.3)_________(learn)Englishwell,youneedalargevocabulary.4)______________(finish)theirhomework,thestudentswenthome.5)________________(give)therightanswer,theteacheraskedmetositdown.

heatedheatingSeenSeeingTolearnHavingfinishedHavingbeengiven分詞作狀語時的邏輯主語問題

分詞作狀語時，其邏輯主語必須同句子的主語一致；如果不一致，需在分詞前加一個邏輯主語，分詞和它的邏輯主語合稱獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)或用狀語從句。

1)

Beinganorphan,thenursetreatedhimkindly.2)Hebeinganorphan,thenursetreatedhimkindly.3)Ashewasanorphan,thenursetreatedhimkindly.

FTT(Trueorfalse)訂正下列句子:1．Whilelookingatthemap,apoliceofficercameupandaskedifhecouldhelpme.2．Beingafineday,thechildrenwenttothepark.3．Arrivingatthestation,Tom'swalletwasstolen現(xiàn)在分詞與不定式作結(jié)果狀語時的區(qū)別1).Europeanfootballisplayedin80countries,_________itthemostpopularsportintheworld.

A.makingB.makesC.makeD.tomake

2).Hehurriedtothestationonly________thatthetrainhadleft.A.tofindB.findingC.foundD.tohavefound

AA

6、現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞作表語的區(qū)別delighting令人高興的——delighted感到高興的disappointing令人失望的——disappointed感到

失望的encouraging令人鼓舞—encouraged感到鼓舞的pleasing令人愉快的——pleased感到愉快的puzzling令人費解的——puzzled感到費解的satisfying令人滿意的——satisfied感到滿意的surprising令人驚異的——surprised感到驚異的worrying令人擔(dān)心的——worried感到擔(dān)心的InApril，thousandsofholidaymakersremained____abroadduetothevolcanicashcloud.A．stickingB．stuckC．tobestuckD．tohavestuck7、不定式何時用主動表被動下列情況下不定式用主動形式表示被動意義：1．在“主語＋系動詞＋表語＋todo”結(jié)構(gòu)中，如果句子的主語是do邏輯上的賓語，不定式用主動形式。Theproblemisdifficulttosolve.Englishiseasytolearn.2．不定式作定語，與被修飾詞之間為動賓關(guān)系，而與句中的另一名詞或代詞之間有主謂關(guān)系時用主動式。但如果沒有這種主謂關(guān)系，則需要用不定式的被動形式。Ican‘tgowithyou;Ihaveameeting_______

(attend).IamleavingforBeijingtomorrow.Doyouhaveanything________(take)toyourson?toattendtobetaken3．在“疑問詞＋不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)中。Idon'tknowwhattodo.Shewilltellyouwhichbustotake.8、動名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)

動名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)由物主代詞或人稱代詞賓格、名詞所有格或普通格加動名詞構(gòu)成。

1)

LiPing’s/Myhelpinghermovedherdeeply.2)Iappreciateyour/you/LiPing’s/LiPingcomingtoseeme.3)Isthereanyhopeofourteamwinningthematch?4)Whatmademeangrywasmanystudentsfailingintheexam.

(動名詞結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語,其邏輯主語用賓格或所有格均可)(動名詞結(jié)構(gòu)作主語,其邏輯主語用所有格)(邏輯主語是無生命名詞時,只用普通格)(以-s結(jié)尾的名詞,只用普通格)1)Iwouldappreciate_____backthisafternoon.A.youtocallB.youcallC.yourcallingD.you’recalling2)________madehermotherveryangry.A.MarymarryingJimB.Mary’smarriedJimC.Mary’smarryingJimD.Mary’sbeingmarriedJimCC9.獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)Allthingshavebeenconsidered，herpaperisofgreatervaluethanyours.Allthingsconsidered，herpaperisofgreatervaluethanyoursTheguestshadleft,sohebegantotakeashortrest

Theguestshavingleft，hebegantotakeashortrest.Ifweatherpermits，we'llgosightseeing.Weatherpermitting，we‘llgosightseeing.

①一種習(xí)慣用法是：在“名詞/代詞＋介詞短語”構(gòu)成的獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)中，名詞/代詞和介詞后面的名詞沒有任何冠詞或所有格修飾，也不用with引導(dǎo)。LastnightIfollowedhimhereandclimbedin，swordinhand.②獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)也可以由“with＋名詞/代詞＋不定式/形容詞/副詞/介詞短語/分詞”構(gòu)成。Withthemachinetodoallthework，wewillfinishourtaskontime.Hestaredather，withhismouthopen.Withhisparentsaway，theboybecamenaughtier.Hestoodatthewindow，withhishandsinhispockets.Allflights_____becauseofthesnowstorm,wedecided