劍橋商務(wù)英語(yǔ)BEC中級(jí)口語(yǔ)講義

i、WhytakeBECexams?stronggrowthrigorousqualitycontrolwidesuitabilitywidebusinesscontextvalueforstudyandbusinesscareerinternationalrecognitionforworkandstudyii、WhatisInternationalBusinessEnglish?什么是國(guó)際商務(wù)英語(yǔ)？國(guó)際商務(wù)英語(yǔ)，指的是人們從事國(guó)際商務(wù)活動(dòng)中所使用的具有行業(yè)特征的英語(yǔ)，這些行業(yè)包括：國(guó)際貿(mào)易、國(guó)際金融、國(guó)際會(huì)計(jì)、國(guó)際運(yùn)輸、國(guó)際商法、保險(xiǎn)、銀行、經(jīng)濟(jì)、營(yíng)銷、物流、企業(yè)管理、商業(yè)服務(wù)等。由此看來(lái)，商務(wù)英語(yǔ)不是一種獨(dú)立的語(yǔ)言，它仍然是英語(yǔ)，是在國(guó)際商務(wù)背景下使用的英語(yǔ)。iii>HowtolearnInternationalBusinessEnglish?怎樣學(xué)習(xí)國(guó)際商務(wù)英語(yǔ)？掌握一定的商務(wù)英語(yǔ)詞匯、短語(yǔ)和句型。(1)詞匯方面commerciale.g.TheTVshowwasinterruptedbytoomanyspecte.g.Hecalledonsomeprospectsbutfailedtomakeasale.makee.g.TheseproductsareofChinesemake.Thefactorymanufacturedfivemakesoftractors.(2)短語(yǔ)方面softsellinghardsellingSomesalespeopleadoptadirect'hardsell'approach,whileothersuseamoreindirect4softsell'approach.haveabadyearThecorporationishavingabadyearanditwi11probablybenecessarytodismissafewofficestaff.breakinto/penetratethemarketThereischancethatwe'11managetobreakintotheUKmarket(3)句型方面Iamwritingtoyouconcerning***Youcan'tmissit.Ican'tagreemore.Itmayhaveslippedyourmind,but…Youcanalwaysreachmeatthenumber…Wewouldverymuchappreciateitifyoucould…Inotedwithinterestyouradvertisementfor…Yes,that*strue,butontheotherhand***That'sexactlywhatIthink.Maybe,butdon'tyouthink…？Youarewantedonthephone.Asrequested,weencloseforyourattention-e'(4)舊詞”新義”honoure.g,Allcreditcardshonouredhere.Thebankhonouredthischeque.covere.g.Ihavegotmyselfcoveredagainstfire.royaltye.g.Besidescopyright,thewritergota10percentroyaltyonsales.Thetechnologytransferfeeshallbepaidinroyalties.(5)同義詞、近義詞、相似詞的辨析。chairman,president,CEO,ManagingDirector,GeneralManager.dealer,merchant,trader,businessman,distributor.deputy,vice-,associate,assistant.discharge,unload,landdiscount,reduction,rebate,allowance.熟悉世界貿(mào)易組織。熟悉國(guó)際商務(wù)英語(yǔ)有關(guān)行業(yè)的基本術(shù)語(yǔ)及其內(nèi)涵意義。學(xué)習(xí)國(guó)際商務(wù)常識(shí)，略知相關(guān)專業(yè)知識(shí)。密切了解國(guó)際商務(wù)最新動(dòng)態(tài)。iv、BEC2ContentBEC2考試主要是考學(xué)生的語(yǔ)言能力，包括聽(tīng)、說(shuō)、讀、寫四個(gè)方面。試卷所設(shè)計(jì)的語(yǔ)言文字基本山都與商務(wù)有關(guān)。另外，還考學(xué)生的英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法、結(jié)構(gòu)等內(nèi)容。BEC2考試分筆試和口試兩大部分。筆試包括閱讀、寫作和聽(tīng)力。PreliminaryVantageAdvanced

Reading1hr30mins?1hr1hrWriting45mins1hr10minsListening40mins40mins40minsSpeaking(2candidates)mins?*mins*?mins??vi、BEC2Gradesoneoverallgradeeachskillcountsfor25%candidatesalsoreceiveprofileofperformancePreliminary:twopassgradesVantageandAdvance:threepassgradesvii、IntroductiontoBPPreparationResourcevocabularytextbook《PassCambridgeVantage》Teamwork,Entertainingaclient,Brandpower,Newpremises,Healthandsafety,Businesstravel,Marketingdisasters,Goingglobal是BV常考的商務(wù)專題。下面以Brandpower舉例說(shuō)明：1.掌握商務(wù)詞匯短語(yǔ)1.掌握商務(wù)詞匯短語(yǔ)E.g.tobuy/develop/launch/sell/test/own/stretch/damageabrandE.g.brandimage/leader/loyalty/name/power/stretching掌握相關(guān)商務(wù)知識(shí)E.g.Explainwhyyoubroughtoneoftheproducts.strongsenseofbrandloyaltyreasonablepricegoodafter-salesservicereliabilityoftheproductgoodandconsistentqualityuser-friendlydesigngoodvalueformoneyinstyle掌握相關(guān)背景知識(shí)Tesco,JSainsbury,Asda《WorkinginEnglish》*mockexampapers:9setsviii、RegisterforBVix、BusinessResearchAnsweringbusinessstudiesquestionBusinessStudiesisaskillsbasedsubjectwhichtestsstudents*abi1itytousetheirknowledge.Therearefourbasicskills:

LevelOneDescription/IdentificationLevelTwoExplanationLevelThreeAnalysisLevelFourEvaluationTogainthehighestgrades,candidatesmustshowevidenceofthehigherskillsKeytypesofquestionsIdentify/state/describe..KeytypesofquestionsIdentify/state/describe..Explain/outline---Discuss…Examine/assess/analyse..somequestionofitCriticallyassess/towhatextent…evaluateResponsesshould:makeapointmakeapointanddevelopitpresenttwosidesofthedebatemakeapointanddevelopfullywithexplainbothsidesandHowtoanswerquestionsExamplequestion:Whatdeterminesthepriceofaproduct?Exampleanswer:Thepriceofaproductisinfluencedbythecosts.1Thisisbecausefirmshavetochargeapricewhichisgreaterthancoststomakeaprofit.2Howeverintheshortrunafirmmaysellaproductataloss.Thismaybetogainmarketshareorbecausetheproductisstillattheintroductionphaseandhashighresearchandlaunchcosts.3Overallitdependsonwhetherweareconsideringashortorlongtermpricingpolicy.Firmsmaybewillingtomakealossintheshortrun.Itwillalsodependontheobjectivesofthefirm.Somepublicsectororganisations,e.g.maysimplytrytocovercosts.ExampleQuestion:Shouldfirmstraintheiremployees?Answer:BytrainingtheiremployeesfirmsmaybeabletoincreasetheirprofitsBECAUSEtrainedstaffarelikelytobemoreproductiveandmakelesmistakes.EmployeesmightalsobemoremotivatedBECAUSEtheymightbeabletoundertakemoreinterestingworkandBECAUSEmanagersareshowingthattheyvaluetheirstaff(whichcansatisfytheiresteemneeds).HOWEVERtrainingcostsmoneyandisnotalwayssuccessful.Itcanalsoleadtoalossofproductionwhilestaffarebeingtrained.OVERALL,managementwillhavetoweighupthepotentialbenefitsagainstthecosts.If,forexample,thefirmhasthenecessaryresources,thetrainingisrelativelycheapandislikelytoleadtosignificantincreasesinproductivityandprofitabilitythefirmlikelytoinvestinit.If,ONTHEOTHERHAND,thefirmlacksthenecessaryfinanceandstaffalreadyhavetheskillsrequiredthentrainingisLESSLIKELY.IIntroductiontoBVSpeakingformatconversationpresentationdiscussioncriteriapronunciationvocabulary&grammardiscoursemanagementinteractivecommunicationexaminerinterlocutorassessorCambridgeexaminerIIPresentationExamplePART2:Mini-presentationWHATISIMPORTANTWHEN-?SelectingapplicantsforajobY WorkingexperienceY PersonalqualitiesSample1IchoosetopicA-whatisimportantwhenselectingapplicantsforajob.Astothistopic,asfarasIamconcerned,thereare3thingstoconsider.First,1thinkworkingexperienceisveryimportantwhenselectingapplicants.Applicantswhohavealreadyhadtheworkexperienceintherelevantfieldswilllearnthenewjobeasierandquicker.Anditwillalsosavethecompanyalotoftrainingfeesiftheapplicanthasrelatedexperience.Second,wemustconsiderthepersonalqualitiesoftheapplicants,suchaspersonalityandhealth.Companiestendtoemploypeoplewhosecharacterfitsaspecialjob.Forexample,consultingcompanytendstoemployapplicantwhoisanalyticalandknowledgeable,butadvertisingagents1iketheiremployeestobeenergeticandcreative.Third,1believelanguageisofgreatimportancewhenselectingapplicants.Nowadays,wedobusinesswithpeoplefromal1overtheworld.AlwayswebuygoodsfromAfrica,andsei1ourelectronicproducttoEurope;aforeignlanguageespeciallyEnglishisneededifthecompanywantstoexpandtotheworld.Applicantswhocanspeakoneormoreforeignlanguageswillhaveabetterchancetogetthejob.Sample2Asweallknow,thecriteriausedbyHRprofessionalsinscreeningandselectingapplicantsnormallyincludesuchfactorsasworkingexperience,personalqualitiesandcommunicativeskiIls.Firstly,wepayalotofattentiontoworkingexperienceoftheapplicant.Apersonwithasolidrecordofrelatedexperienceismorelikelytofitinwithanewcompany.Thereforeheorshecanbetrustedtofulfil1thetasksandsolvetheproblemsinamoreprofessionalandcompetentway.Inadditiontothis,wealsolookatthepersonalqualitiesoftheapplicant.Doesheorshehasintegrity,perseveranceor'cando'spirit?Surelyanyorganizationcanbenefitfromthereliability,devotionandenthusiamofitsemployees.Finally,goodcommunicativeskiIlssuchasinterpersonalskiIlsandteamspiritarealsobecominganimportantpreconditioninselectingqualifiedemployees.WHATISIMPORTANTWHEN-?PreparingforajobinterviewY StudyingthejobadvertisementY FindingoutaboutthecompanyBeforeyougoforaninterview,youmustmakepreparationssoastofacetheinterviewerwithmoreconfidence.Theyincludestudyingthejobadvertisement,findingoutaboutthecompany,preparingyourselfpsychologically,etc.Firstly,youshouldstudythejobadvertisementcarefullysothatyoucanmatchyourknowledge,skillsandabilitieswiththespecificationsrequiredforthepost.Youmustassuretheinterviewerthatyouhaveallthequalificationsrequired,soyouaretherightsortofpersontheyarelookingfor.Secondly,youshouldknowmoreaboutthecompany,suchasitsprofile,structure,existingproblems,requirements,campaignsandfutureplans.AsaChinesesayinggoes:uknowtheopponentandknowyourself,andyoucanfightahundredbattleswithoutdefeat.99Finally,youshouldalsoprepareyourselfpsychologicallyandthiswillhelpyoucombatstress.Rehearsingtheinterviewwithyourfriends,forexample,isagoodrelaxationexercisethatcaninstal1confidenceinyou.IllPresentationDiscourseManagementOpeningSentenceWell,I'dliketomakeashort/brief/mini/one-minutepresentationonthetopic…Body（一般講2-3個(gè)要點(diǎn)，根據(jù)語(yǔ)速和知識(shí)點(diǎn)調(diào)整）First,???Second***.Third,???3. ClosingSentenceAnyway,that*swhyIthinkso.Thankyouverymuch.Thankyoufortakingyourtime.Thankyouforlistening.第三課時(shí)第二講IConversationPART1:ExchangepersonalinformationThispartaimstopreparethecandidateforphaseofthespeakingtest,whichtakestheformofaninterview,witheachcandidatetalkinginturntotheexaminer.Thisinvolvesthecandidateansweringquestions,respondingtoacommentorparticipatinginanexchangeorgreeting.Activity1:Askingeachother'sname(includingspelling),hometown,occupation,hobbiesFurtherprobing:describeyourhometown(location,city,town,village)climate,population,etc.Furtherprobing:describeyouroccupation/ormajor(ifstudent),likesanddislikesaboutyouroccupation.Furtherprobing:askingeachotheraboutmaritalstatus/withorwithoutboyfriend/girlfriend.Askingforopiniononmarried/singlelife,whichisbetter?Furtherprobing:askingeachotherabouthobbies.PossibleQuestionsSuggestedAnswersandNoteWhat' syourregistration number?2 My registrationnumber is…What' syourname?Howdoyouspellyourname?Howdoyouspellyourfamilyname/surname/lastname?Mylastnameis…Mygivennameis…，butmyfriendsalwayscallme…，myEnglishname.Youcancallme…，ifyoulike/wish.nicknameWhereareyoufrom?Wouldyousayit'sagoodplacetolivein?(Why?)Doyoulikelivingin…？Wherewouldyoulikeratherlive…or…？(Why?)Doyouthinkitwouldbebettertolivein…or…？(Why?)2 Weather2 TransportationEnvironment2 HousingHousesarepriceyinthisarea.2 Nightlife(exciting,dynamic)2 Localpeople2 Localgovernment2 Jobopportunities2 Resorts(skiing)2 AtmosphereU sellingpointsPossibleQuestionsSuggestedAnswersandNote1) Doyoucomefromalargefamilyorasmallfamily?Canyoutellmeabitaboutinyourfamily?ExtendedfamilyNuclearfamily2)Doyouworkorareyouastudentin…？2)Whatdoyoudo?Whatdoyoustudy?What,syourmajor?Whatdoyoulikemostaboutyourjob?(Why?)Whatdoyoulikemostaboutyourstudies?(Why?)U Majorv.Imajoredin…,andminoredin…EversinceIwasachild,Iwasinterestedin…2 JobSatisfaction2 Interesting&challengingTravelingopportunityTraining(careerdevelopment)FinancialbenefitsFreeTimeDoyouhavemuchfreetime?Howdoyouspendyourfreetime?Whatdoyoudoinyourfreetime?What'syourhobby?Whydoyoulike…？Isthereanyparticularreasonwhyyouenjoy**?Whendidyoufirsttakeup/start…(Whydidyoustartthen?)2 Particularreason2 Cultivateahobby2 It'snevertoolatetotakeahobby.—Churchill2 Outdooractivities:Sports:tennis/golf/baseball/attendthegym/fitnesscenterU Workout=exercise2 Rechargethebattery:AttendatrainingcourseReadvariousbooks,forexample，一2 ChatonlineWatchTV(passiveviewer)TV=one-eyedmonsterads(advertisementadvert)(1 CommercialU TeleplayU Educationalprograms(1 AmusementprogramsMusic:classical/light/pop/jazz/bluesfolk2 FineartsAbstractpainting/oilpaintingU Iamfondoftraveling.Travelingisagoodwayoflearningandagoodwayofcommunicatingwithotherpeople.U No,Idon*thavemuchfreetime,becausesomanywonderfulcoursesarefixed.tl Ipreferdoingexercises,(mostoftime)I'dliketoattendthegymorgotothefitnesscenters.Iftimeisenough,I'11readvariousbooks.第四課時(shí)第三講ITongueTwisterGoodcookiescouldbecookedbygoodcookifagoodcookcouldcookgoodcookies.Ifyouunderstand,sayunderstand.Ifyoudon'tunderstand,saydon*tunderstand.Ifyouunderstandsayyoudon,tunderstand.Howcan1understandyouunderstand.Understand?PeterPipepickedapeckofpickledpepperspreparedbyhisparentsandputthemonalargepaperplate.IIConversationPossibleTopics&QuestionsSuggestedAnswersandNoteTransportHowdidyoucomeheretoday?Howdidyoutraveltothetest?Didyoucomeherebybus?Ifyoucouldtravelbyanyformoftransportyouwant,whatwouldyouchoose?(Why?)Whichformoftransportwouldyouliketotravelby?Howdoyouthinkyouwilltraveltoworkin15years'time?Howdoyouthinkyouwilltraveltowork15yearsfromnow?2 Bus/taxi/cab/privatecar/subway/Tubeunderground/tramtime/safety/money2 lightway/subway/airportItwouldbefastdevelopingin15yearstimeandwillcovereverywhereinBeijing.Itwillbereallyconvenient.HotelsWhatkindofaccommodationdoyouusuallystayinwhenyougoonhoiiday?Doyoustayinahoteloranapartmentyouareonholiday?Whatkindsoffaci1itiesdoyouthinkhotelsoughttoprovideforbusinesspeople?(Why?)Doyouthinkcompaniesshouldpayfortheirstafftostayinexpensivehotelsonbusinesstrips?(Why?/Whynot?)Shouldpeoplestayinexpensivehotelsonbusinesstrips?(Why?/Whynot?)2 hotel/motel/vilia/apartment/flat(BrE)/dormcitybreaks,beachholidayssun-tanned/fast-tannedcenter2 campingcamportent2 Hitchhiking,hitchhiker(takeagapyear)2 Domestictravel2 SightseeingHi-tech,LocalAreaNet, internet,databasesystem,fax2 Wellequippedconference room,sound-proofmulti-functionhallvideo-conferencing,tele-conferencing2 Itdepends(onthedifferentcircumstances).Ifyoufixadealwhichisworth$1000000,inthatcase,yourcompanywillpayforyoutolive***Ifyougothereforonly$2,it'simpossible.PossibleTopics&QuestionsSuggestedAnswersandNoteJobWhatkindofjobwouldyouliketodomost?(Why?)Whatwouldyouridealjobbe?Whatkindofjobdoyoulike?Shouldcompaniesoffertrainingtostaff?(Why?/Whynot?)Doyouthinkcompaniesshouldprovidetrainingforstaff?Wouldyouliketoworkabroad?(Why?/Whynot?)Istheopportunitytoworkinanothercountryimportanttoyou?JobtitleJobresponsibilityJobsatisfaction2 trainingdproductivitydprofitamotivationBut:trainingacostmoney,time,staffopportunitycostinternalconflict2 broadenone*shorizon,experience??,isquiteanexperiencetome.2 ,?,isarealeye-openerculturemessengerTrainingCourseWhatkindoftrainingcoursehaveyouevertaken?Haveyouevertakenanytrainingcourse?Whatdoyouthinkismostimportantwhenyouchooseatrainingcourse?(Why?)Whatdoyouusuallyexpectfromatrainingcourse?NewOrientalSchoolBEConlinetrainingcourseComputerskilltrainingcourseLocationTransportationDurationofcourseCostFlexibilityoftrainerTopicscoveredMaterialsFollowupadviceHighexpectancyLifeexpectancyPossibleTopics&QuestionsSuggestedAnswersandNoteFuturePlanWhatwouldyouliketodoafteryoufinishyourstudies?(Why?)Whatareyoudoingnowforthepreparationofyourfutureplan?Whatifyoufailedtofindajobasa…？Whatwouldyoudoifyoucouldn,tfindajobasa…？goabroad,lookforajob,huntforajob,studyfurther,postgraduate2 knowledgepreparation:attendtrainingcourse2 psychologicalpreparation:bematureimproveinterpersonalskills2 Itisnotquitepossible.U Ifyoudon'twantme,thereareseveralothercompanieswaitingforme,actuallyI'vegotseveraloffers.U Canyoudoit?AmE:Yes,definitelyisapieceofcake.BrE:I'msure1candoit.TeamworkWhatkindofpeopledoyoumostlikeworking/studyingwith?(Why?)Whatdoyouthinkmakesagoodteam?Whatisagoodteam?Doyouthinkyouworkinagoodteam?(Why?/Whynot?)2 HonestandhavegoodinterpersonalskillsCooperationandfriendlyatmosphere2 MutualtrustIIIConversationTopics

Askingaboutpersonalviews.1.WhydoyoustudyEnglish?2.Whydoyouwanttostudybusiness?3.cheques,Whatdoyouthinkofsomemodernmethodsofpayment(creditcards,banktransfers)?4.Whatroledoesthecomputerplayinmodernbusiness?5.Whataresomenecessarystepsforpreparingabusinesstripoverseas?6.office?Whichkindofofficewouldyouprefertoworkin,cellularoranopen-plan7.Whatdoyouthinkofinternationaltrade?8.Howtodealwithcustomerenquiresonthephone?9.variousTransportation:(Whatisyourusualmeansoftransportation?Comparethemeansoftransportation)10.Healthandsafetyintheworkplace(Howtoensureahealthyworkingenvironmentforemployees?Whataresomehealthhazardsintheoffice/factoryshop?Whatsafetymeasuresshouldbeadoptedintheworkplace?)11.Howtokeepabalancebetweengrowthandenvironmentprotection?12.RadioandTV(Whatareyourfavorite/TVprograms?Why?)13. Whatkindofroledoesadvertisingplayinpromotingyourproducts/services?Whichformofadvertisingismosteffectiveinyouropinion?11.Whataretherequiredqualitiesofamodernmanager?15.Whatdoyouknowaboutflexibletime?第五課時(shí)第四講1LifeEnglishTalkingaboutmoneyIfyouhavemoney,youcaneasilymakemoney.Moneymakesmoney.Moneybegetsmoney.Ifyouareindebt,youloseyourself-respect.Youloseyourmotivation.Yourdebtcontinuestogrow.Youstarttoworry.Youneedtoborrowmoremoney.Yougetevendeeperindebt.Moneycomes.Moneygoes.Butthememoryisalwaysthere.Moneytalks.Moneyrules.Moneyispower.Moneyburnsaholeinyourpocket.Itgoesoutasfastasitcomesin.You*reaspendthrift.Don'tsquanderyourhard-earnedmoney.Putyoursavingsinthebank.Neverlivebeyondyourmeans.Beagoodconsumer.Beasmartshopper.Beacleverbuyer.HPresentationTopicsTeamWorkWHATISIMPORTANTWHEN-?MANAGINGAPROJECT1 ENCOURAGINGTEAMWORK1 KEEPINGTOSCHEDULEWHATISIMPORTANTWHEN-?CHOOSINGPEOPLETOWORKINTEAMS1 VARIETYOFEXPERIENCE1 PERSONALQUALITIESKeypoint:improveworkingefficiency.ThisplaysacrucialroleinthecommercialpracticeinWesternworld.Explaintheimportanceofteamwork:Teamworkreflectsthecombinedexperiences,knowledge,intelligenceandviewsofagroupofpeople,soitwilldefinitelyimprovethequalityandefficiencyofthework.Iftheparticipantsworkedtogether,itwouldbeeasyforthemtocomeupwithcreativeideas.Thisisparticularlyvaluableforarelativelycomplexwork,forthepeopleworkinginateam,ifoneofthemgetsstuckonamatter,others/therestcouldchipintheirideasandgettheproblemsorted.Butifyouworkonyourown,forinstance,youarethesolemanagerinthedepartment.Ifpeopledidnotworkasateam,everyonewouldhavetowaitforthedecisionsmadebythemanageranditwasnoteasytogetpeopletotakeonresponsibi1ityforanything.Ahugeandcomplicatedprojectisnotpossibletobecompleted/donebymerelyoneperson.Forinstance,3Gorgesproject-ahugeamountofmoney,30millionpeoplehavetoemigratetoelsewhere,alotofcommercialcontractsYouwillgetboredquicklyifyouworkonyouown.Butifyouworkinateam*"Workinginateamcanincreasepersonalawarenessofabilitiesandcomplementaryskillsincolleague.Howtoimproveteamwork:Generalideas;friendlyatmosphere;notbossy;patient;goodmanners;modest;leadership;goodinterpersonalskills;varietyofexperienceVarietyofexperienceandabroadhorizonwouldhelptotackleurgentmattersandestablishhisorherpersonalprestige.Wei1-experiencedstaffarecapableofovercomingstormsandcrises.Oncomingacrossproblematicissues,neworinexperiencedstaffusuallywillfeeldepressedandevenstarttopanic.Oneoranumberofexperiencedstaffwill,inthiskindofsituation,automaticallybecomethespiritualleadersoftheteamandcangettheissuesinquestionsolvedquickly.Awiderangeofexperiencesareimportanttoateammember,becauseyouneverknowwhatkindofproblemsmightsuddenlycomeuptoyou.Experiencesindifferentfieldswillenhancethechanceofsuccessfullysortingouttheproblemwithyourknowledgewhichisbasedonyourpastexperience.Personalqualities:ThebasisoftheteamworkismutualtrustandfriendlyatmosphereGoodmanners,nottoobossy,patient,modest,leadership,goodinterpersonalskills.ProjectManagementWHATISIMPORTANTWHEN-?MANAGINGAPROJECT1 ENCOURAGINGTEAMWORK1 KEEPINGTOSCHEDULEKeypoints:Teamwork,timepressure(keepingtotheschedule)Teamwork:asexplainedintheteamworksectionTimepressure:Awell-designedschedulecanclarifyyourselftotheproject.Youshouldensurethatyouwouldberunningbeforethescheduleratherthanafterit.Timeisalwaysofessenceforaproject.Failuretokeeptotheschedulewillresultin/causelatecompletion.Latecompletionwillleadto:civillitigation,injuredpartywillbecomeentitledtoclaimcompensation/enti11edtosuethebreachingcompany.Whentheprojectisbeingprocessed/inthecourseofcarryingouttheproject,therewillbealotofcommercialactivitiesinvolved.Suchasinvestmentbanksadvancecash;rawmaterialsupply,planningpermission,sub-contract/outsource.Failuretosticktotheschedulewillaffectabovematters.CompetitionWHATISIMPORTANTWHEN-?DEALINGWITHCOMPETITION1 PRICINGPOLICIES1 ADVERTISINGSTRATEGIESWHATISIMORTANTWHEN-?SETTINGPRICESFORNEWPRODUCTSPRODUCTIONCOSTS1 COMPETIORS'PRICESKeypoints:Pricing;Advertising;Productioncosts;Competitor'sprice;Marketing;awiderangeofservicesandproductsPricing:(Foraconsumer):allconsumerswouldliketogoforhigherqualityandlessexpensiveproducts.Itisacommonsense.(Foramanager):correctpricingpoliciescancapturealargenumberofconsumersinashortperiodoftime.Foranewlyestablishedcompany:correctpricingpoliciesareparticularlyimportantfornewlyestablishedbusinesses.Themajortaskforthemattheearlystageistodrawthepublicattentionandmaketheircompanyandtheirbrandknowntothepublic.Whenanewproductisputintomarket,theremaybeveryfewpeopleknowing/whoknowaboutit-**(e.g.Thaicurrysource)Competitors'price:Onceanewproductisputintomarket,itwillimmediatelyfacethecompetitionfromrivals.Thepricewarsometimescanbeincrediblyfierceandcrude.Competitors*pricewillmirrortheconsumers*attitudeaboutcertainproductsandthesatisfactionabouttheirprices.Ifyoufixedthepricehigherthanyourrivalswithouthigherqualityofservice,youmightsoonfindyourselfinanunfavorablesituation.Correctpricingpoliciescouldalsodefeatsomecompetitorsinashortperiodoftime.Forexample:Safeway,Tescopricewaragainstallsmallbreadmanufactures.Inthiscase,SafewayandTescofixedtheirpricefor7pperloaf,whichis23pcheaperthantheircompetitors*offer.Asaresultofthis,in35daystime,mostoftheircompetitorswentintoliquidation.Advertisingstrategies:Thefundamentaltaskforacompanyistomakeitsproductsanditselfknowntothepublic.Therearemanywaystoachievethis,advertisingisthemostimportantone.Advertisingthroughdifferentmediacancovernearlyeverycornerintheworld.Themainchannelsare:-TV-Radio-Internet-Newspaper-BillBoard-Poster"MagazineTheadvantage/pointofadvertisingisnotonlyaboutpropagandizingyourcompanybutalsocompetingagainst/withyourrivals.Acompany,throughproperadvertisements,canmanagetointroducetheadvantagesoftheirproductscomparingtotheirrivals*,andthereforeconvincetheconsumersthattheirproductswouldbetherightchoice.Forinstance,Carmanufacturescanputintheirnewdesignstotheads,e.g.ABS,doubleairbagstoconvincetheprospectivecustomersthattheircarsaresaferthanothers.第六課時(shí)第五講ILifeEnglishTalkingabouttimeHowarewedoingfortime?Dowehavetimeforthat?Howmuchtimedowehaveleft?Areweonschedule?Dowehavetime?Arewemakinggoodtime?Timesfliesbytooquickly.Timepassesbytooswiftly.Timewaitsfornoman.Enjoylifewhileyou'restillyoung.Don'tmissanyopportunity.Don*tpassupanygoodchances.Timeisimportant.Timeisvaluable.Timeisprecious.Doasmuchasyoucaneveryday.Takeeveryopportunityandchancegiventoyou.Don,twasteanytime.IIPresentationTopicsMotivatingstaffWHATISIMPORTANTWHEN-?MOTIVATINGSTAFF1 FINANCIALBENEFITSCAREERDEVELOPMENTOPPORTUNITIES1CAREERDEVELOPMENTOPPORTUNITIESWHATISIMPORTANTWHEN-?INTRODUCINGAREWARDSYSTEMFORSTAFF1 PURPOSEOFTHEREWARDSYSTEM1 TYPESOFREWARDOFFEREDWHATISIMPORTANTWHEN-?AIMINGTOREDUCESTAFFTURNOVER1 FINANCIALINCENTIVES1 CAREERSTRUCTUREKeypoints:Financialbenefits;Careerdevelopment/structure;reducestaffturnoverFinancialBenefits:Managers,companyownersandsupervisorshavealwaysbeenfrustratedandbewilderedbyemployeeswithlittleornomotivation.Staffalwayswantrewardfortheircontributiontothecompanyandwhattheyareworth.Suchfactorsarejustlikemarketforces.Thefundamentalreasonoflookingforajobistogetpay.Staffdothejobwhattheyarepaidfor.However,quiteoften,thestaffworkovertimeundertheirmanagers*demand.Ifthecompanyfailstogiveproperfinancialbenefitsstaffmightsubsequentlyfeelnotbeingfairlytreated,andthereforefrustratetheirenthusiasmfortheirwork.Staffwantsomesortofrecognitionforthejobthattheydo.Correctfinancialbenefitsplanwillarousetheirenthusiasm;otherwisetheywouldfeelbeingignored.Thejobthatthestaffaredoingisnotalwaysinteresting,ortheworkingenvironmentmaynotbepleasant,ortheircolleaguesmightnotbeveryhelpfulandcooperative.Tnthiskindofsituation/underthekindofcircumstance,thestaffwouldbecomestressfulanduninterestedintheirjob.Correctfinancialbenefitscannormallydistractstafffromtheirdissatisfactionwith***.Careerdevelopment/structure:Job-huntingisalwaysatwo-wayprocess.Ononehand,theemployeeslookfortheiridealjobs,ontheotherhandtheemployer,atthesametime,lookforcompetitivepeople.Anemployerhasanumberofmethodstoattractthebestpeopleintoitsbusiness.Suchashighpay,travelingo