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專題四形容詞和副詞-2-高考感悟考點(diǎn)歸納Ⅰ.單句填空1.(2018·江蘇卷)Despitethepoorserviceofthehotel,themanagerisreluctant(reluctance)toinvestinsufficienttrainingforhisstaff.2.(2018·全國(guó)Ⅲ卷)Hescreamstheloudest(loud)ofall.3.(2018·浙江卷)Therecouldbeanevenhigher(high)costonyourhealth.4.(2018·全國(guó)Ⅰ卷)Accordingtoareviewofevidenceinamedicaljournal,runnerslivethreeyearslonger(long)thannon-runners.5.(2018·全國(guó)Ⅱ卷)AccordingtotheWorldBank,Chinaaccountsforabout30percentoftotalglobal(globe)fertilizerconsumption.6.(2017·全國(guó)Ⅲ卷)Itiscertainly(certain)funbutthelifestyleisalittleunreal.-3-高考感悟考點(diǎn)歸納7.(2017·浙江卷)Sixteenyearsearlier(early),Pahlssonhadremovedthediamondringtocookameal.8.(2017·全國(guó)Ⅰ卷)Evenworse(bad),theamountoffastfoodthatpeopleeatgoesup.9.(2017·全國(guó)Ⅱ卷)Steamenginesareusedtopullthecarriagesanditmusthavebeen
fairly
(fair)
unpleasantforthepassengers.10.(2017·全國(guó)Ⅱ卷)ThecentralLondonRailwaywasoneofthemostsuccessful(success)ofthesenewlines,andwasopenedin1900.-4-高考感悟考點(diǎn)歸納Ⅱ.單句改錯(cuò)1.(2018·全國(guó)Ⅲ卷)Immediate,Iraisedmyhand.Immediate→Immediately2.(2018·全國(guó)Ⅰ卷)Ifelthappilythattheirlifehadimproved.happily→happy3.(2017·全國(guó)Ⅱ卷)Beside,theyoftengetsomeusefulinformationfromtheInternet.Beside→Besides4.(2017·全國(guó)Ⅱ卷)Theyoftengetupearlierandwaterthevegetablestogether.earlier→early-5-高考感悟考點(diǎn)歸納5.(2017·全國(guó)Ⅲ卷)Ienjoyedstudyingdifferencekindsofcarsandplanes,playingpopmusic,andcollectingthelatemusicalbums.difference→different6.(2017·全國(guó)Ⅰ卷)Theinstructoraskedmetostopthecar.ItwasareliefandIcametoasuddenlystopjustinthemiddleoftheroad.suddenly→sudden-6-高考感悟考點(diǎn)歸納考點(diǎn)一
形容詞與副詞的比較級(jí)1.形容詞與副詞比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的構(gòu)成規(guī)則◆規(guī)則變化-7-高考感悟考點(diǎn)歸納-8-高考感悟考點(diǎn)歸納-9-高考感悟考點(diǎn)歸納特別提醒①有少數(shù)幾個(gè)雙音節(jié)形容詞,既可以加-er和-est,又可以加more和most構(gòu)成比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)。這些雙音節(jié)詞是:common,handsome,quiet,wicked,pleasant,cruel,stupid和以-ow,-er結(jié)尾的詞。②有些形容詞沒(méi)有程度可分或形容詞本身就表示某種程度,因此沒(méi)有比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)。這類形容詞有:right(正確的),wrong(錯(cuò)誤的),excellent(優(yōu)秀的),favourite(最喜愛(ài)的),possible(可能的),empty(空的)等。-10-高考感悟考點(diǎn)歸納◆不規(guī)則變化
-11-高考感悟考點(diǎn)歸納2.兩者相比用“比較級(jí)+than”表示。如:Robertjumpsmuch
higher
thananyoftheothers.Whilefindinginformationiseasier
than
ever,atthesametime,researchinghasbecomemorecomplex.3.比較級(jí)的修飾語(yǔ)常見(jiàn)的有:rather,much,still,even,far,any(用于否定句或疑問(wèn)句),alot,a
little,agreatdeal,by
far,abit等。如:Tonycanhardlyboilanegg,still
lesscookdinner.Ifeelmuch
bettertoday.4.“the+比較級(jí)...,the+比較級(jí)...”表示“越……,就越……”。如:The
longeryoustayhome,the
better(itwillbe).5.“the+比較級(jí)+ofthetwo+名詞”表示“兩者中較……的那個(gè)”。The
taller
of
the
twoboysismycousin.-12-高考感悟考點(diǎn)歸納6.“a/an+形容詞比較級(jí)+名詞”表示“一個(gè)更……的……”。Itmaynotbeagreatsuggestion.Butbeforea
better
oneisputforward,we’llmakedowithit.7.“比較級(jí)+and+比較級(jí)”的結(jié)構(gòu),表示“越來(lái)越……”。Thegirlbecomesmore
and
morebeautiful.8.“no+比較級(jí)+than”表示“和……一樣不”。Heisno
taller
thanhisbrother.9.more...than...表示一個(gè)人兩種品質(zhì)的比較,意為“與其……倒不如……”。Heismoreshythanunfriendly.10.某些以-ior結(jié)尾的形容詞,與to搭配。如:junior,senior,superior等。Thebookis
superior
tothatoneIjustfinishedreading.-13-高考感悟考點(diǎn)歸納考點(diǎn)二
形容詞與副詞的最高級(jí)1.三者或者三者以上的比較用最高級(jí),表示最高級(jí)的詞前要用定冠詞the。最高級(jí)的修飾語(yǔ)常見(jiàn)的有:序數(shù)詞,byfar,nearly,almost,bynomeans,not
really,notquite等。Andyiscontentwiththetoy.Itisthe
bestonehehasevergot.Thisisby
far
the
most
inspiringmoviethatIhaveeverseen.2.“否定詞+比較級(jí)”表示最高級(jí)意義?!猈hatdoyouthinkofyournewiPad?—Good.I
don’tthinkIcanfindabetterone.3.“比較級(jí)+thananyother+單數(shù)名詞”表示最高級(jí)意義,意思為“比其他任何……都……”。Heistaller
than
any
otherboyinhisclass.-14-高考感悟考點(diǎn)歸納考點(diǎn)三
形容詞與副詞的原級(jí)表示雙方在程度、性質(zhì)、特征等方面相同時(shí),用“as+形容詞(副詞)原級(jí)+as”的結(jié)構(gòu);表示雙方不相同時(shí),用“notso(as)+形容詞(副詞)原級(jí)+as”結(jié)構(gòu)。如:Thereareasmallnumberofpeopleinvolved,possibly
as
few
astwenty.Thisbuildinglooksnot
so(as)high
asthatone.常用as...as結(jié)構(gòu)的詞組:1.aslongas只要Iwillworkas
long
asIlive.2.asfaras遠(yuǎn)到……;就……而言As
far
asIknow,heisreliable.-15-高考感悟考點(diǎn)歸納3.ashighas高達(dá)……Theaveragecostofonedayinahospitalinthatcountrycanrunas
high
as$400.4.assoonas一……就……Iwillcallyouupas
soon
asIgetthere.5.aswellas既……又;和……一樣好Hewhoplaysthepianoaswellashisfatherhasexperienceas
well
asknowledge.6.asgoodas與……一樣;幾乎;簡(jiǎn)直;和……一樣好-16-高考感悟考點(diǎn)歸納考點(diǎn)四
倍數(shù)的表達(dá)1.Ais+倍數(shù)+比較級(jí)+than+B.2.Ais+倍數(shù)+as+原級(jí)+as+B.3.Ais+倍數(shù)+the+名詞(size,length,height
等)+of+B.4.Ais+倍數(shù)+that+of+B.-17-高考感悟考點(diǎn)歸納5.Ais+倍數(shù)+what引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句.Thisbuildingisthree
times
higher
thanthatone.這個(gè)建筑物比那個(gè)建筑物高兩倍。Thisbuildingisthree
times
as
high
asthatone.=Thisbuildingisthree
times
the
height
ofthatone.這個(gè)建筑物是那個(gè)建筑物的三倍高。Theoutputofthisyearis3times
that
of2013.=Theoutputofthisyearis3times
what
it
wasin2013.今年的產(chǎn)量是2013年的三倍。It’ssaidthatthepowerplantisnowtwice
as
large
aswhatitwas.據(jù)說(shuō),現(xiàn)在這個(gè)發(fā)電廠是原來(lái)的兩倍大了。-18-高考感悟考點(diǎn)歸納考點(diǎn)五
常用的分詞形容詞和副詞有些動(dòng)詞的分詞可以用做形容詞,在該形容詞后加-ly
則可以構(gòu)成相應(yīng)的副詞。-19-高考感悟考點(diǎn)歸納-20-ⅠⅡⅢⅣⅠ.單句填空1.Infact,1924isoftenconsideredthebeginningofatruly(true)modernOlympicera.2.Raymond’sparentswantedhimtohavethebest(good)possibleeducation.3.Theaimofeducationistoteachyoungpeopletothinkforthemselvesandnotfollowothersblindly(blind).4.Thenewgroupofstudentsisbetter-behavedthantheothergroupwhostayedhereearlier(early).5.Thefinalscoreofthebasketballmatchwas93-94.Wewereonlynarrowly(narrow)beaten.6.Alanisacarefuldriver,buthedrivestheleastcarefully(careful)ofmyfriends.-21-ⅠⅡⅢⅣ7.Shedevotedherselfentirely(entire)toherresearchanditearnedheragoodreputationinherfield.8.Hebegantotakepoliticalscienceseriously(serious)onlywhenheleftschool.9.Thecommitteeisdiscussingtheproblemrightnow.Itwillhopefully(hope)havebeensolvedbytheendofnextweek.10.Scientistshopethattheseprecautionswillpreventanyfurther(far)damagetothepaintings.11.Therewassuchalongqueueforcoffeeattheintervalthatweeventually(eventual)gaveup.12.Bobranthe100metersin9.91seconds,andIhavenotseenabetter(good)onethisyear.13.Mr.Smithusedtosmokeheavily(heavy)buthehasgivenitup.-22-ⅠⅡⅢⅣ14.Afterthelongjourney,thethreeofthemwentbackhome,hungry(hunger)andtired.15.Acoughisusuallynothingtoworryaboutunlessitlastsfortendaysormore(many).16.Runningacompanyisnotsimply(simple)amatterofhiringpeople—theyalsoneedtobetrained.17.Themainpurposeofnaturalherbal(藥草的)medicinesistohelpthebodyreturntoitsnormalstatesothatitcanberestoredwholly(whole).18.Inspiteofrepeatedwrongsdonetohim,helooksfriendly(friend)topeoplegreetinghim.19.Itlooksliketheweatherischangingforworse(bad).Shallwesticktoourplan?-23-ⅠⅡⅢⅣ20.Surprised(surprise)andhappy,Tonystoodupandacceptedtheprize.-24-ⅠⅡⅢⅣⅡ.單句改錯(cuò)1.Hehadsuchmanyfallsthathewasblackandblueallover.such→so2.Althoughtheclimateandthelandscapearepleased,peopleleadatoughlifethere.pleased→pleasing3.I’msurewe’llhaveawonderfullytimetogether.wonderfully→wonderful4.IcouldgoodremembertheincidentthathappenedonthecoldMondayevening.good→well5.Unfortunate,therearetoomanypeopleinmyfamily.Unfortunate→Unfortunately-25-ⅠⅡⅢⅣ6.Iwenttovisitherthismorning,butshegotverymuchangrywithmeforspendingmymoneyonflowers.去掉much7.Afteranhourorsowebegantofeelveryfrightening.frightening→frightened8.Afterlearningthebasicsofthesubject,nothingelseseemedverypracticallytome.practically→practical9.LocatedinNorthAmerica,Canadaisthesecondlargecountrywiththelargestnumberoflakesintheworld.large→largest10.TheflowersthatIboughtwereMom’sfavoritest.favoritest→favorite-26-ⅠⅡⅢⅣⅢ.語(yǔ)篇填空Sometimeago,afriendofmine,whoworkedinapartofthecityIdidn’tknowvery1.well(good),invitedmetocallonhim.IttookmehourstogetthereandItook2.great(greatly)troubletofindaproperspottoparkmycar.AsIwasalreadythree-quartersofanhourlate,Iparkedmycar3.quickly(quick).-27-ⅠⅡⅢⅣAtnoon,justIwasleavingmyfriend’soffice,it4.suddenly(sudden)struckmethatIhadnoideawhereIhadparkedmycar.Icould5.hardly(hard)gouptoapolicemanandtellhimthatIhadlostasmallgreencarsomewhere!Walkingdownthestreet,Iexaminedeachcar6.
closely
(close)andwasveryhappytoseeasmallgreencarjustbehindanoldcar.ButHow7.disappointed(disappoint)Iwastodiscoverthatthoughthecarwas8.exactly(exact)likemyown,itbelongedtosomeoneelse!Feelingquite9.tired(tire),Iwentoffforlunch.Sometime10.later(late),Ilefttherestaurantandwalkeddownthe
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