基本句子結(jié)構(gòu)和并列句講義-初中英語 外研版 八年級(jí)下冊(cè)

初中英語外研版八年級(jí)下冊(cè)基本句子結(jié)構(gòu)和并列句【課前檢查】Module7復(fù)習(xí)題一、根據(jù)句意及首字母提示完成單詞。1.Beforeyougoshopping,you’dbettermakeal.2.ThewoflittleBobwasfourkiloswhenhewasborn.3.Childrenshouldn’tdontheirparentsallthetime.4.Damingstudiesveryhard,sohe’smadegreatp.5.Helikestowearsinsummerbecauseofthehotweather.Keys:1.gress5.sunglassesModule6復(fù)習(xí)題1.Myteacherasksme________myhomeworkontime.A.finishB.tofinishC.finishedD.finishing2.Thebox_________toomuchroom,doesn’tit?A.picksupB.takesupC.climbsupD.getsup3.----I’m________hungry.----Wouldyoulike________chocolate?A.abit;alittleB.abitof;alittleC.alittle;abitD.abitof;abit4.Ididn’ttake________manyphotos________Tonydid.A.so;as B.so;that C.as;so D.thesame;as5.----Congratulations!You’vewonthefirstprize!----You________bejoking.A.can’tB.mayC.must D.could6.XuSongisapopularsinger.Hisnewsongswill_________nextmonth.A.comeinB.comeup

C.comeon

D.comeout7.IfyouseethecartoonTomandJerry,itwillmakeyou________alot.A.laughB.tolaughC.laughingD.laughedKeys:BBAACDAModule4復(fù)習(xí)題完成句子1.我妹妹已經(jīng)病了三天了。Mysister_____________________________________________threedays.2.每天服藥兩次，你會(huì)感覺好些的。_____________________________________________everydayandyou’llfeelbetter.3.那位90歲的老人身體狀況很好。The90-year-oldmanis_____________________________________________.4.跑完步后，我渾身發(fā)熱。I’m______________________________afterrunning.5.你應(yīng)該積極參加戶外運(yùn)動(dòng)。Youshould_____________________________________________outdooractivities.完成句子1.Mysisterhasbeenillforthreedays.2.Takethemedicinetwiceeverydayandyou’llfeelbetter.3.The90-year-oldmanisinexcellentcondition.4.I’mhotalloverafterrunning.5.Youshouldtakeanactivepartinoutdooractivities.【問題查找】一、請(qǐng)根據(jù)所講內(nèi)容寫出劃線部分的句子成分：1.Thestudentsgotontheschoolbus.2.Hehandedmethenewspaper.3.Ishallansweryourquestionafterclass.4.WhatabeautifulChinesepainting!5.Theywenthuntingtogetherearlyinthemorning.6.HetookmanyphotosofthepalacesinBeijing.7.Wouldyoupleasetellmeyouraddress?8.Hesatthere.9.Henoticedamanentertheroom.10.Theapplestastedsweet.Keys:1.主語、定語；2.賓語3.謂語、狀語4.定語5.狀語賓語、狀語7.間接賓語、直接賓語8.狀語9.賓補(bǔ)10.表語二、單項(xiàng)選擇題1.Becareful,_________youwillfalloffthebike.A.butB.andC.soD.or2.Edisonsaid,“Nevergiveup,_________you'llmakeit.”A.yetB.orC.andD.but3.LucyandLilyaretwins.Lucylikesplayingtabletennis,_________Lilydoesn't.A.orB.butC.andD.yet4.Mr.GreenknowslittleGerman,______hecan'tunderstandtheinstructionsonthebottleofthepills.A.butB.soC.forD.orKeys:1-4DCBB【要點(diǎn)精講】英語簡(jiǎn)單句的六種基本句型目標(biāo)一：掌握句子的基本成分組成句子的各個(gè)部分即句子成分。句子成分包括：主語、謂語、賓語、表語、定語、狀語、補(bǔ)足語等。1.主語（subject）:句子說明的人或事物。1）Thesunrisesintheeast.太陽從東方升起。（名詞）2）Helikesdancing.他喜歡跳舞。（代詞）3）Twentyyearsisashorttimeinhistory.二十年在歷史中是個(gè)很短的時(shí)間。(數(shù)詞)4）Seeingisbelieving.眼見為實(shí)。（動(dòng)名詞）5)Toseeistobelieve.眼見為實(shí)。（不定式）2.謂語（predicate）:說明主語的動(dòng)作、狀態(tài)和特征。1)WestudyEnglish.我們學(xué)習(xí)英語2)Heisasleep.他睡著了。3.表語（predicative）:表示主語“是什么”或者“怎么樣”，表語前面的動(dòng)詞稱為系動(dòng)詞。1)Heisateacher.他是個(gè)老師（名詞）2)Fiveandfiveisten.五加五等于十（數(shù)詞）3)Heisasleep.他睡著了（形容詞）4)Hisfatherisin.他的父親在家（副詞）5)Thepictureisonthewall.畫在墻上。(介詞短語)6)Thatsoundsgood那聽起來很好。7)Tomlooksthin.湯姆看上去很瘦。常見的系動(dòng)詞有:be,sound（聽起來),look（看起來),feel(摸起來),smell（聞起來),taste（嘗起來、吃起來),feel（感覺)等。4.賓語：動(dòng)作、行為的對(duì)象1)IlikeChina.我喜歡中國(guó)。（名詞）2)Youcanhelpme.你能幫助我。（代詞）3)Howmanydoyouneed?Weneedtwo.你們需要多少？我們需要兩個(gè)。（數(shù)詞）4)Ilikeplayingsoccer.我喜歡踢足球。（動(dòng)名詞）5)Iwanttohaveanapple.我想要吃個(gè)蘋果。（不定式）6)Didyouwritedownwhathesaid?你寫下他所說的話了嗎？（賓語從句）雙賓語-----間接賓語（指人）和直接賓語（指物）Tom’smotherbuyhimsomebooks.湯姆的媽媽給他買了一些書。5.賓補(bǔ)：對(duì)賓語的補(bǔ)充，全稱為賓語補(bǔ)足語。1)Weelectedhimmonitor.我們選他當(dāng)班長(zhǎng)（名詞）2)Wewillmakethemhappy.我們將讓他們高興。（形容詞）3)Wefoundnobodyin.我們發(fā)現(xiàn)沒人在里面。(副詞)4)Hisfatherhelphimtodohishomework.他的父親幫他做家庭作業(yè)。（帶to不定式）6.定語：修飾名詞或代詞的詞、詞組或句子。1)HeisaChineseteacher.他是個(gè)語文老師。（名詞）2)Heisourfriend.他是我們的朋友。（代詞）3)Ihavethreebooks.我有三本書。（數(shù)詞）4)Heisagoodstudent.他是個(gè)好學(xué)生。（形容詞）5)Theboyinredismybrother.穿紅衣服的男孩是我的弟弟。(介詞短語)7.狀語：用來修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞或句子。表示行為發(fā)生的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因、目的、結(jié)果、程度、條件、方式等。1)Igotoschoolatseveno’clock.我在七點(diǎn)鐘上學(xué)。2)Hereadsthebookintheroom.他在房間里看書。3)Idon’tlikethrillersbecausetheyarescary.我不喜歡恐怖片因?yàn)樗鼈兲珖樔肆恕Ｄ繕?biāo)二：掌握簡(jiǎn)單句的基本句型1.主語+系動(dòng)詞+表語（+狀語）主語系動(dòng)詞表語狀語Thesebooksareinteresting.Tomisveryhappytoday.在此句式中，V是系動(dòng)詞(linkv．)，常見的系動(dòng)詞有：一

be動(dòng)詞類：

am,

is,are,was,were

二

表示變化類：become,

get,

turn,

grow,go

三

感官動(dòng)詞類：look,sound,smell,taste,feel,appear,seem

四

表示延續(xù)性的動(dòng)詞：remain,stay,keepe.g.1)Heisastudent.2)Hisfaceturnedred.3)Theappletastessweet.4)Thesoldierkeepsstill.2.主語+謂語（不及物動(dòng)詞）（+狀語）主語謂語狀語Thefirstbookcameoutin2009.Therainhasstopped.在此句式中，V是不及物動(dòng)詞(vi．)。

1)Thebellrang.2)Shecame．3)Myheadaches.

3.（狀語+）主語+謂（及物動(dòng)詞+賓（+狀語）狀語主語謂語賓語狀語Iboughtaverygoodbooklastweek.Everydaymymotherpreparesbreakfastforme.在此句式中，V是及物動(dòng)詞(vt．)，因此有賓語。

e.g.1)Henryboughtadictionary.2)Mikeatethreecakes.3)Shedrewabeautifulpicture.4.主語+謂語（及物動(dòng)詞）+間接賓語+直接賓語+（狀語）主語謂語間接賓語直接賓語狀語Hishobbyhasbroughthimenjoyment.Myfatherboughtmeaverygoodbikeonmybirthday.在此句式中，V是帶有雙賓語的及物動(dòng)詞。常見的須帶雙賓語的動(dòng)詞有g(shù)ive，ask，bring，offer，send，pay，lend，show，tell，buy，get；rob，warn等。e.g.1)Myfatherboughtmeacar.

2)Myfatherboughtacarforme.3)Hegavemethreeyuan.4)Hegavethreeyuantome.5.主語+謂語（及物動(dòng)詞）+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語（+狀語）主語謂語賓語賓語補(bǔ)足語狀語Wecanhelpyoudevelopnewskills.stepbystep.Idonotwantyoutoworktoohard.Thenewsmadeeveryonehappy.在此句式中，V是有賓語補(bǔ)足語的及物動(dòng)詞。常帶賓語補(bǔ)足語的詞有形容詞、副詞、介詞短語、名詞、不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞常見的可接賓語補(bǔ)足語的動(dòng)詞很多，哪些動(dòng)詞可接哪幾種形式作賓補(bǔ)，須根據(jù)動(dòng)詞的慣用法而定，不能統(tǒng)而概論。例如：e.g.1)Tommadethebabylaugh.2)Wemadehimourmonitor.3)Ican’tmakemyselfunderstood.4)Wewanttohavethedeskrepaired.6.There+be+主語（+狀語）Therebe主語狀語Therearemanybooksinhisschoolbag.Thereisaverynicecuponthetable.在此句式中，主語在be動(dòng)詞后面，當(dāng)有兩個(gè)并列的主語時(shí)，be動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)采用“就近原則”并列句目標(biāo)一：了解并列句的基本概念定義：并列復(fù)合句是指并列連詞and,but,or等把兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的簡(jiǎn)單句連在一起而構(gòu)成的句子。目標(biāo)二：掌握并列句的基本構(gòu)成構(gòu)成：簡(jiǎn)單句+并列連詞+簡(jiǎn)單句目標(biāo)三：掌握并列連詞表達(dá)的關(guān)系3.并列連詞前后簡(jiǎn)單句之間的關(guān)系： (1)并列關(guān)系:and,notonly...butalso,both...and... TheyarewatchingTV,andtheothersarelisteningtotheradio. (2)選擇關(guān)系:or,either...or... Thechildrencangowithus,ortheycanstayathome. (3)轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系:but,or Shewastired,butshedidnotstopworking. Bequiet,oryoucan’thearmeclearly. (4)因果關(guān)系:so Theweatherisverygood,sowecanhaveoutpartyintheopenair.目標(biāo)四：掌握常見的連詞詞義4.常用的連詞 And和、與 Both...and.........和......都 Notonly...butalso...不但......而且..... Or或者/否則 Either...or...或者......或者...... Neither...nor...既不......也不...... But但是 So所以/因此【查漏補(bǔ)缺】一、寫出以下句子屬于哪種基本句型。

1.Heleftwithoutsayingaword.

2.Mymothergivesmeabookasapresent.

3.Tonycaughtacoldyesterdayafternoon.

4.Helooksyoungerthanbefore.

5.StudentsoftenhelptheoldbuyvegetablesonSunday.

6.Therewillbeasportsmeetingtomorrowinourschool.Keys:1.主謂2.主謂賓賓3.主謂賓4.主系表5.主謂賓賓補(bǔ)6.therebe句型二、單項(xiàng)選擇題—WouldyouliketocometomypartyonSaturday,Sam?—I’dloveto,________Ican’t.Ihavetotakeapianolesson. A.and B.butC.or2.—Anna,youwearanewdresstoday!—Itfitsmewell,________thecolourisnotmyfavourite. A.and B.so C.but3.We’regoingtoSuzhouAmusementParkinLinda’scar.Youcancomewithus________you canmeetustherelater. A.orB.butC.and4.Youmakelunch,______I’lltakecareofthebaby. A.butB.orC.and5.John,workhard______youwillmakemuchprogress. A.orB.norC.and6.Ithinktheactorisfamous,noneofmyfriendshaseverheardofhim. A.andB.or C.butKeys:1-6BCCCCC【梳理優(yōu)化】一、歸納總結(jié)

1.英語句子成分主要包括、、、、、、等。英語句子基本句式主要有6種，如下：①②③④⑤⑥二、并列連詞前后簡(jiǎn)單句之間的關(guān)系：(1)并列關(guān)系:and,notonly...butalso,both...and...(2)選擇關(guān)系:or,either...or...(3)轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系:but,or(4)因果關(guān)系:so【強(qiáng)化鞏固】一、判斷下列句子結(jié)構(gòu)1.Hewrotecarefullysomeletterstohisfriends.2.Allthestudentsthinkhighlyofhisteaching3.Weneedaplacetwicelargerthanthisone.4.HeaskedustosinganEnglishsong.5.Don'tgetnervous，helpyourselftowhatyoulike．6.Wewillmakeourschoolmorebeautiful.Keys:1.主謂賓賓2.主謂賓3.主謂賓4.主謂賓賓補(bǔ)5.主系表6.主謂賓賓補(bǔ)二、單項(xiàng)選擇1.Goingtothemoviesisgood,________Ireallyonlylikelisteningtomusic.A.andB.butC.soD.or2.Althoughhe'sover70,________heisfullofenergy.A.butB.andC.so D./3.Practicemore,________you'lllearnEnglishbetter.A.orB.soC.andD.but4.Whenyougetintotrouble,willyousolveitbyyourself________askothersforhelp?A.orB.andC.butD.so5.Itisraininghard,________thefarmersarestillworkinginthefield.A.andB.butC.soD.becauseKeys:1-5BDCAB【課后練習(xí)】一、判斷下列句子結(jié)構(gòu)：Ourschoolisnotfarfrommyhome.2.Allthestudentsthinkhighlyofhisteaching.3.Allofusconsideredhimhonest.4.Mygrandfatherboughtmeapairofsportsshoes.5.Hebrokeapieceofglass.6.Hewrotecarefullysomeletterstohisfriends.7.Theypushedthedooropen.8.Grandmatoldmeaninterestingstorylastnight.Keys:1.主系表2.主謂賓3.主謂賓賓補(bǔ)4.主謂賓賓5.主謂賓6.主謂賓賓主謂賓賓補(bǔ)8.主謂賓賓二、用適當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞填空1.JustnowIcalledyou,________youdidn'thear.2.Befriendlytoothers,________otherswillbefriendlytoyou.3.Cindydidn'tdecidewhethertogotoamovie________watchTVathome.4.TomorrowisSaturday.Wecangoforapicnic,________wecangosightseeing.5.It'sverycoldoutside,________childrenarestillhavingfuninthepark.Keys:1.but2.and3.or4.or5.but三、完形填空Whichisthebestwaytolearnaforeignlanguage?Werememberedthatwealllearnedourownlanguagewhenwewere1.Ifwecanlearnasecondlanguageinthesameway，itwon’tseemtobeso2.Thinkofwhatsmallchildrendo.Theylistento3peoplesayandtheytrytoimitatewhatthey4.Whentheywant,something,theyhaveto5forit.Theyareusinglanguage,talking6itallthetime.If7useasecondlanguagelikethisallthetime,theywilllearnitmore8.Itisalsoimportanttorememberthatwelearnourownlanguagebyhearingpeoplespeakit,9byseeingwhattheywrite.Inschool,thoughyoulearntohearandspeak,toreadandwrite,youmustlearnallthenewwordsthroughtheears:youcanreadthem,spellthemandwritethem10.()1．A．boysB．girlsC．oldD．young()2．A．importantB．difficultC．interestingD．easy()3．A．thatB．whichC．whatD．where()4．A．seeB．listenC．hearD．speak()5．A．sendB．lookC．waitD．a(chǎn)sk()6．A．inB．byC．onD．with()7．A．peopleB．teachersC．childD．workers()8．A．slowlyB．hardlyC．quicklyD．carefully()9．A．notB．a(chǎn)ndC．butD．then()10．A．firstB．earlierC．beforeD．LaterKeys:1-5.DBCCD6-10DACBD四、閱讀理解Everyyear，alotofchildrenintheUSAgotosummercamps．Somegotoplayoutdoorsinthewoods，inthemountainsoronthelakes．Butfamiliesnowhavemanychoicesofspecialcamps．Thesecanbeinthemiddleofnatureorabigcity．Specialcampsofferyoungpeoplethechancetolearnaboutdifferentsubjects．Intechnologycamps，onesubjectthatchildrencanlearnaboutisvideogamedesign．Theylearnhowtousecomputerprogramstocreategamesoftheirown．OneprogramthatteachesvideogamedesigniscalledCybercamps．Childrencanlearnhowtodesigntheirownvirtual(實(shí)際上的)worldstosettheirvideogamein．Then，theyprogramtheirownrulesandobjectsintothegame．Cybercampsalsoofferscoursesinrobotbuildinga