考研考博-英語-華南理工大學(xué)考試押題三合一+答案詳解3

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-華南理工大學(xué)考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共120題)1.單選題

Inlargepartasaconsequenceofthefeministmovement,historianshavefocusedagreatdealofattentioninrecentyearsondeterminingmoreaccuratelythestatusofwomeninvariousperiods.Althoughmuchhasbeenaccomplishedforthemodernperiodpremoderncultureshaveprovedmoredifficult:sourcesarerestrictedinnumber,fragmentary,difficulttointerpret,andoftencontradictory.ThusitisnotparticularlysurprisingthatsomeearlierscholarshipconcerningsuchcultureshassofargoneunchallengeD.AnexampleisJohannBaehofen’s1861treatiseonAmazons,women-ruledsocietiesofquestionableexistencecontemporarywithancientGreece.

Startingfromthepremisethatmythologyandlegendpreserveatleastanucleusofhistoricalfact,Bachofenarguedthatwomenweredominantinmanyancientsocieties.HisworkwasbasedonacomprehensivesurveyofreferencesintheancientsourcestoAmazonianandothersocietieswithmatrilinealcustoms—societiesinwhichdescentandpropertyrightsaretracedthroughthefemaleline.Somesupportforhistheorycanbefoundinevidencesuchasthatdrawnfrom

Herodotus,theGreek“historian”ofthefifthcenturyB.C.,whopeaksofanAmazoniansociety,theSauromatae,wherethewomenhuntedandfoughtinwars.Awomaninthissocietywasnotallowedtomarryuntilshehadkilledapersoninbattle.

Nonetheless,thisassumptionthatthefirstrecordersofancientmythshavepreservedfactsisproblematiC.IfonebeginsbyexaminingwhyancientsrefertoAmazons,itbecomesclearthatancientGreekdescriptionsofsuchsocietiesweremeantnotsomuchtorepresentobservedhistoricalfact-realAmazoniansocieties-butrathertooffer"morallessons"onthesupposedoutcomeofwomen'sruleintheirownsociety.TheAmazonswereoftencharacterized,forexample,astheequivalentsofgiantsandcentaurs,enemiestobeslainbyGreekheroes.Theircustomswerepresentednotasthoseofrespectablesociety,butastheveryantithesesofordinary-Greekpractices.

Thus,IwouldarguethepurposeofaccountsoftheAmazonsfortheirmaleGreekrecorderswasdidactic,toteachbothmaleandfemaleGreeksthatallfemalegroups,formedbywithdrawalfromtraditionalsociety,aredestructiveanddangerous.MythsabouttheAmazonswerenotforthemale-dominatedstatusquo,inwhichgroupscomposedexclusivelyofeithersexwerenotpermittedtosegregatethemselvespermanentlyfromsocietyBachofenwasthusmisledinhisrelianceonmythsforinformationaboutthestatusofwomen.Thesourcesthatwillprobablytellcontemporaryhistoriansmostaboutwomenintheancientworldaresuchsocialdocumentsasgravestones,willsandmarriagecontracts.Studiesofsuchdocumentshavealreadybegunto,showhowmistakenwearewhenwetrytoderiveourpictureoftheancientworldexclusivelyfromliterarysources,especiallymyths.

1.Theprimarypurposeofthepassageisto（）.

2.AllofthefollowingarestatedbytheauthorasproblemsconnectedwiththesourcesforknowledgeofpremodernculturesEXCEPT（）.

3.Whichofthefollowingispresentedinthepassageasevidencesupportingtheauthor'sviewoftheancientGreeks'descriptionsoftheAmazons?

4.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheprobablereactionsofmanymalesinancientGreecetotheideaofasocietyruledbywomencouldbestbecharacterizedas（）.

5.TheauthorsuggeststhatthemainreasonforthepersistinginfluenceofBachofen'sworkisthat（）.

問題1選項

A.comparecompetingnewapproachestounderstandingtheroleofwomeninancientsocieties

B.investigatetheramificationsofBachofen'stheoryaboutdominanceofwomeninancientsocieties

C.explaintheburgeoninginterestamonghistoriansindeterminingtheactualstatusofwomeninvarioussocieties

D.criticizethevalueofancientmythsindeterminingthestatusofwomeninancientsocieties

問題2選項

A.partialcompleteness

B.restrictedaccessibility

C.difficultyofinterpretation

D.limitedquantity

問題3選項

A.TherequirementthatSauromataewomenkillinbattlebeforemarrying

B.Thefailureofhistorianstoverifythatwomenwereevergovernorsofancientsocieties

C.TheclassingofAmazonswithgiantsandcentaurs

D.Thewell-establishedunreliabilityofHerodotusasasourceofinformationaboutancientsocieties

問題4選項

A.confusedanddismayed

B.waryandhostile

C.cynicalanddisinterested

D.curiousbutfearful

問題5選項

A.feministshaveshownlittleinterestisancientsocieties

B.Bachofen'sknowledgeofAmazoniancultureisunparalleled

C.reliableinformationabouttheancientworldisdifficulttoacquire

D.ancientsocietiesshowthebestevidenceofwomeninpositionsofpower.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】1.主旨大意題。文章提及古代文化研究婦女在各歷史時期的地位受到資料限制而且相互矛盾，之后談及神話和傳說對這一問題的分析，最后作者認為，對這類文獻資料的研究早已開始證明，當我們通過神話來獲取對古代世界的理解，是十分失誤的。因此，綜合考慮，這篇文章的主要目的是選項D。

2.細節(jié)事實題。通過題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到原文“Althoughmuchhasbeenaccomplishedforthemodernperiodpremodemcultureshaveprovedmoredifficult:sourcesarerestrictedinnumber,fragmentary,difficulttointerpret,andoftencontradictory.”，中文翻譯：雖然在現(xiàn)代時期己經(jīng)完成了很多，但前現(xiàn)代文化被證明是更困難的：來源受到限制，數(shù)量有限，不完整，難以解釋，而且常常是矛盾的。因此最佳答案為B選項，只有B沒有提及。

3.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)題干定位到原文“IfonebeginsbyexaminingwhyancientsrefertoAmazons,itbecomesclearthatancientGreekdescriptionsofsuchsocietiesweremeantnotsomuchtorepresentobservedhistoricalfact-realAmazoniansocieties-butrathertooffer"morallessons"onthesupposedoutcomeofwomen'sruleintheirownsociety.”，中文翻譯：如果我們先研究一下為什么古人會提到亞馬遜人，下面的一點就變得清晰了，那就是古希臘對于這種社會的廟睡不是太多的被用來表達觀察的歷史事實一一真正的亞馬遜社會的_——而是為了對于婦女在其社會中的統(tǒng)治的預(yù)期后果提供一種“道德教導(dǎo)”。以及原文中“TheAmazonswereoftencharacterized,forexample,astheequivalentsofgiantsandcentaurs,enemiestobeslainbyGreekheroes.Theircustomswerepresentednotasthoseofrespectablesociety,butastheveryantithesesofordinary-Greekpractices.”，原文翻譯為：例如，亞馬遜人經(jīng)常被描述為巨人和馬人的等份物，被希臘英雄殺死的敵人。他們的習(xí)俗并不是作為受人尊敬的社會的習(xí)俗來呈現(xiàn)的，而是作為普通希臘習(xí)俗的真實對照。由此可以推斷出答案選擇C。

4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干定位到原文“...toteachbothmaleandfemaleGreeksthatallfemalegroups,formedbywithdrawalfromtraditionalsociety,aredestructiveanddangerous.MythsabouttheAmazonswerenotforthemale-dominatedstatusquo,Linwhichgroupscomposedexclusivelyofeithersexwerenotpermittedtosegregatethemselvespermanentlyfromsociety.”.”。中文翻譯為：是教誨古希臘的男性和女性這樣一個道理，即那些脫離了傳統(tǒng)社會而形成的純女性群體是破壞性的和危險的。有關(guān)亞馬遜人的神話是用作論據(jù)來為男人統(tǒng)治的現(xiàn)狀做辯護的，在這種現(xiàn)狀下，純粹地由任一性別構(gòu)成的群體是不允許與社會永久性地隔絕開來的。由此可知，B項符合題目描述。

5.推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干可定位到原文“Althoughmuchhasbeenaccomplishedforthemodernperiodpremoderncultureshaveprovedmoredifficult:sourcesarerestrictedinnumber,fragmentary,difficulttointerpret,andoftencontradictory.ThusitisnotparticularlysurprisingthatsomeearlierscholarshipconcerningsuchcultureshassofargoneunchallengeD.AnexampleisJohannBaehofen’s1861treatiseonAmazons,women-ruledsocietiesofquestionableexistencecontemporarywithancientGreece.”中文翻譯為：雖然對現(xiàn)當代的研究成就斐然，但是古代文化的研究要證明更為困難：資料來源數(shù)量有限，支離破碎，難以解釋且經(jīng)?；ハ嗝堋Ｒ虼?，人們并不特別驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)，有關(guān)這些古代文化的早期學(xué)術(shù)研究迄今為止聽憑其流傳下來，而未遭到質(zhì)疑。其中一個實例就是約翰?巴霍芬1861年論述亞馬遜人的論文，而所謂亞馬遜人，即那些由女性統(tǒng)治的社會，其難置可否的存在與古希臘同期。綜合可知。C選項是其主要原因。

2.單選題

Itisaninterestingfact______trytodothesamethingsasnaturedoes,theyusuallyhavetodotheminadifferentway.

問題1選項

A.thatwhenmen

B.whenthatmen

C.thatmen

D.whenmen

【答案】A

【解析】考查主語從句和狀語從句。句意：一個有趣的事實是，當人們試圖做自然所做的同樣的事情時，他們通常不得不以不同的方式去做。It作形式主語，真正的主語是橫線到句尾部分，其中主語從句中包含一個時間狀語從句，that引導(dǎo)主語從句，when引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，所以A選項thatwhenmen正確。其余選項語法錯誤。因此A選項正確。

3.單選題

Isthishappeninginyourneighborhood?Children,notebookcomputersstuckundertheirarms,awaittheyellowbusforthetriptomiddleschool.Onthesurface,thequestionofcomputersinschoolsisano-brainer.Itwouldbestrangetoinsistthattoday’stechnologyshouldn’tbeusedtomaketheclassroomexperiencemoreindividualized,moreeffective,moreimmediate,moreexciting.Computershavebeeninschoolsmorethan20years—andprobablyevendonesomegood.

ButtheideaofapersonalcomputerasanecessarydailytoolforeveryAmericangrammarschoolpupilisaltogetherdifferentthing.Bewarethesuperficiallyattractivevisionof10-year-oldsdoingmostoftheirwork—andhomework—onacomputer.Itisanotherillusorysilverbulletthatpromisestosolveallofsociety’sillsthroughtechnology.Regardlessofwhetherparentsortaxpayersbuythemachinery,it’sbadpolicy.

Determiningtheproperroleofcomputersinschoolsistooimportanttobelefttocomputersuppliersandeducators.Aneducatedpublicwithclearandrealisticexpectationsneedstohelpdeterminetherighttrackfortechnology.

EducatorsforeverseemtoseektheultimateincurricularorteachingtoolsTheyarealwayspreoccupiedwithinnovation—juniorhighschool,newmath,wholelanguage,openclassrooms,andmasterylearning,tonameafew.Someideasturnedoutwellandovertimehaveearnedpermanentpositionsinoureducationsystems.Otherreflectedchangeforchanges’sakeandwoundupinthetrashbin,wheretheybelong.

Exactlywhatistobesolvedwithcomputersinschools?Arewelookingtoimproveinstructionalcapacityandflexibility?Arewetryingtomaketeachersandaidsmoreproductivebylettingstudentstakeadvantageofprogrammedlearningtools?Thisallsoundsgood,andmuchhasbeenaccomplishedwithcomputer-assistedinstruction.

Butthat’snotthesameasmakingthecomputerasymbolofwell-temperededucationalpolicy.There’sdangerinthemessagethatachildisnotfullyeducatedifheorshecan’tsurftheWorldWideWedskillfully,movearoundinWindowsortheFounder,useawordprocessingprogram,orprograminLogoorBasic.

Theseskillscanbelearnedoutsidetheclassroom.Worse,thetimeittakesstudentstoacquirethemistimestolenfromthelegitimateteachingschedule—andthat’sabadtrade.

Andwhatkindofcomputersshouldbepurchased?We’renottalkingbrandnames.Mostschoolsystemsdon’thavethemoneytoreplacePCsorMacsonthetwo-to-three-yearcyclethatshiftingtechnologiesdemand.Ontheotherhand,$2500—thecostofjustonecomputer—investedinbooksfortheschoollibraryproducesanassetthathas,shallwesay,alongershelflife.

Andwhochangesthefactorycultureofschoolroomstoallowcomputerstobemoreeffective?Andwhoteachestheteachers?Thesearethereallytoughissues—theonesthatmorehardwarewon’tsolve.

Childrenarebestservedwhenschoolscontributetoshapingthesolidfoundationsonwhichtheirfuturewillbebuilt.Thestudentwhocanreadwithcuriosityandunderstanding,whohasmasteredbasicmathematicalconcepts,whocanevaluateideascritically,istheoneschoolsshouldaimtoproduce.

1.A“no-brainer”inthethirdsentenceofthefirstparagraphprobablymeans（）.

2.Whocandeterminetheproperroleofcomputersinschools?

3.Accordingtotheauthor,teachingcomputerintheschoolclassroomisbadpracticebecause（）.

4.Inthelastparagraphtheauthorimpliesthat（）.

5.Theauthor’sattitudetowardsthepresentwayofteachingcomputersinschoolsis（）.

問題1選項

A.somethingthatistakenforgranted

B.anideathatisbrainlessandfoolish

C.aproposalthatisnotworthyofseriousconsideration

D.amachinethatcannevertaketheplaceofhumanbrain

問題2選項

A.Computersuppliers

B.Computeeducate

C.Theeducatedpublic

D.Alloftheabove

問題3選項

A.thecomputeristooexpensivealuxuryforschoolpupils

B.thepupilsarenotintelligentlymatureenoughtomastertheskills

C.ittakestoomuchtimewhichmighthavebeenspentonregularcourses

D.thepupilscanlearnnothingfromcomputer-assistedinstruction

問題4選項

A.computerskillscontributenotingtoapropereducation

B.computerteachingisanindispensablepartofaneducation

C.thefundamentalpurposeofaneducationisbeingignored

D.teachersshouldbetaughthowtoteachcomputerskills

問題5選項

A.critical

B.objective

C.positive

D.optimistic

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“no-brainer”定位到第一段，結(jié)合上下文的意思，孩子們每天帶著電腦去上學(xué)，在學(xué)校允許使用計算機已經(jīng)有20年了。說明計算機的使用在學(xué)校里被認為是理所當然的。選項A正確。

2.根據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容可知，決定計算機在學(xué)校中應(yīng)該起什么作用是一件重要的事，不能僅交由計算機供應(yīng)商和教育工作者來定，公眾也應(yīng)該有發(fā)言權(quán)。選項D正確。

3.根據(jù)第七段的內(nèi)容可知，這些技能可以在課堂外學(xué)到，更糟糕的是它占用了學(xué)生們花在學(xué)習(xí)上的時間。所以選項C符合原文。

4.根據(jù)最后一段可知，學(xué)校的根本任務(wù)是為學(xué)生的未來打下堅實的基礎(chǔ)，學(xué)校旨在培養(yǎng)的學(xué)生應(yīng)是具有好奇心和理解力，能掌握數(shù)學(xué)基本概念，并能對現(xiàn)存的一些觀念進行獨立評價。言外之意，由于盲目地進行計算機教育，這些基礎(chǔ)容易被忽視。選項C符合原文。

5.很明顯，本文中作者對于在課堂上教計算機是持批判態(tài)度的，文中提到了會由此帶來的不良影響。所以選項A正確。

4.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingsentencesintogoodEnglish.

1.當前，世情、國情、黨情繼續(xù)發(fā)生著深刻變化，我們面臨的發(fā)展機遇和風(fēng)險挑戰(zhàn)前所未有。全黨一定要牢記人民的信任和重托，更加奮發(fā)有為、兢兢業(yè)業(yè)地工作，繼續(xù)推動科學(xué)發(fā)展、促進社會和諧，繼續(xù)改善人民生活、增進人民福祉，完成時代賦予的光榮而艱巨的任務(wù)。

2.學(xué)生活動是美國大學(xué)的一個顯著特點，每周都有數(shù)不清的由學(xué)生組織的各種各樣的活動。這些活動涵蓋了體育、文藝、文化、政治和社會等各個方面，其主要目的是為了娛樂。新的學(xué)生活動組織不斷涌現(xiàn)，而中國學(xué)生的參與使這一局面變得更加熱烈，他們甚至在耶魯大學(xué)上演了曹禺的話劇《雷雨》。

3.中國是一個有五千年歷史的文明古國，有著與外來文化取長補短、兼容并蓄的傳統(tǒng)。我們的祖先歷來強調(diào)“以和為貴”。由此，中國人民選擇和平發(fā)展的道路是基于中國的文化傳統(tǒng)、是基于慘痛的歷史與嚴酷的現(xiàn)實所做出的明智選擇。

【答案】1.Atpresent,astheglobal,nationalandourParty’sconditionscontinuetoundergoprofoundchanges,wearefacedwithunprecedentedopportunitiesfordevelopmentaswellasrisksandchallenges.ThewholePartymustbearinmindthetrustthepeoplehaveplacedinusandthegreatexpectationtheyhaveofus.Wemustaimhigherandworkharderandcontinuetoboostthescientificdevelopment,promotesocialharmony,andimprovepeople’slivessoastocompletethegloriousandarduoustasksbestowedonusbythetimes.

2.StudentactivitiesareanotherremarkablefeatureofAmericancollegelife.Eachweektherearecountlessactivitiesofallsortsorganizedbystudents—athletic,artistic,cultural,politicalorsocial,allofwhicharejustforfun.Newstudentorganizationsareconstantlybeingcreated,andChinesestudentscontributetothisferment.TheyevenstageCaoYu’splayRainstorminYale.

3.Chinaisanancientcivilizationwitha5,000-year-longhistory,havingthetraditionofseekingmutualcomplementarities,accommodationandintegrationwithforeigncultures.Ourancestorshavealwaysemphasizedthe“cherishingofharmony”.Accordingly,thechoicebytheChinesepeopletofollowapeacefulpathtodevelopmentisawisedecisionbasedonChina’straditionalculture,painfulhistoryandseriousreality.

5.單選題

Eversinceitsdiscovery,Plutohasneverreallyfittedin.AfterthepaleandglowinggiantNeptune,itislittlemorethanacosmicdustmite,sweptthroughthefarthestreachesofthesolarsystemonaplanewildlytiltedrelativetotherestoftheplanets.ItissmallerthanNeptune'slargestmoon,andthearcofitsorbitissoovalthatitoccasionallycrossesitsmassiveblueneighbor’spath.

Foryears,ithasbeenseenasoursolarsystem'soddestplanet.Yesterday,however,scientistsreleasedperhapsthemostconvincingevidenceyetthatPluto,infact,isnotaplanetatall.Forthefirsttime,astronomershavepeeredintoabeltofrocksbeyondPlutounknownuntil10yearsago—andfoundaworldthatrivalsPlutoinsize.Thescientistspositthatlargerrocksmustbeoutthere,perhapsevenlargerthanPluto,meaningPlutoismorelikelythekingofthisdistantrealmofspacedetritusthanthetiniestofthenineplanets.

Whendiscoveredin1930,’’Plutoatthatpointwastheonlything(thatfar)outthere,sotherewasnothingelsetocallitbutaplanet,"saysMikeBrown,anastronomerattheCaliforniaInstituteofTechnologyinPasadena.“Nowitjustdoesn'tfit.”Inonesense,thequestionofPluto’splanetarystatusisarcane,theprovinceofpocket-protectedscientistsandsun-deprivedpenpushersdeterminedtodecidesomeofficialdesignationforaballofdustandice3billionmilesaway.

Yetitisalsounquestionablysomethingmore.Fromsciencefairdioramastogovernmentfunding,planetsholdaspecialplaceinthepublicimagination,andhowPlutoiseventuallyseen—bykidsandCongressalike—couldshapewhatfuturegenerationslearnaboutthismysteriousoutpostontheedgeofthesolarsystem.Thedebatehasspilttheastronomicalcommunityfordecades.EvenbeforethedistantbandofrocksknownastheKuiperBeltwasfound,Pluto'sunusualbehaviormadeitsuspicious.

Elsewhere,thesolarsystemfitintonearfamilies:therockyinnerplanets,theasteroidbelt,thehugeandgaseousouterplanets.Pluto,though,waspeculiar.WiththediscoveryoftheKuiperBelt~countlessbitsofrockandiceleftunusedwhenthewheelofthesolarsystemfirstformed—Plutosuddenlyseemedtohavecousins.Yetuntilyesterday,itheldtoitsplanetarydistinctionbecauseitwasfarlargerthananythinglocatedthere.

TherubnowisQuaoar(pronouncedKWAH-oar),1billionmilesbeyondPlutoandroughlyhalfaslarge.NamedafterthecreationforceofthetribethatoriginallyinhabitedtheLosAngelesbasin,Quaoarforecastsproblemsfortheerstwhileninthplanet,saysdiscovererDr.Brown:"ThecaseisgoingtogetalothardertodefendthedaysomebodyfindssomethinglargerthanPluto."

Tosome,theproblemisnotwithPluto,butthedefinitionof"planet".Inshort,thereisnone.TotheGreeks,whocoinedtheterm,itmeant’wanderer”,describingthewaythattheplanetsmovedacrossthenightskydifferentlyfromthestarsbehindthem.Today,withourmorenuancedunderstandingoftheuniverse,thewordnolongerhasmuchscientificmeaning.

NewYork’sHaydenPlanetariumcausedacommotiontwoyearsagobysupposedlydemotingPluto,lumpingitwiththeKuiperBeltobjectsinitshugemobileofthesolarsystem.“Inreality,however,theplanetariumwasmakingamuchbroaderstatement，’’saysNellDegrasseTyson,anastrophysicistthere.Thetextbooksofthefutureshouldfocusmoreonfamiliesoflikeobjectsthan”planets，’.ThediscoveryofQuaoarstrengthensthisidea:"Everyoneneedstorethinkthestructureofoursolarsystem,"hesays,“We'vejuststoppedcountingplanets."

Still,manyareloathtopartwiththeplanetPluto.TheynotethatPluto,infact,isdistinctfrommanyKuiperBeltobjects.Ithasathinatmosphere,forone.Itreflectsagreatdealoflight,whilemostKuiperBeltobjectsareverydark.AndunlikeallbutahandfulofknownKuiperBeltobjects,ithasamoon.”MaybePluto,then,shouldberepresentativeofanewclassofplanets,"saysMarkSykes,anastronomerattheUniversityofArizonainTucson,nIt*sthefirstexample,andwearejustbeginningtofindthiscategory?'

1.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?

2.FromwhenwasPlutoseriouslyquestionedaboutitsplanetarystatus?

3.Thesentence"Inshort,thereisnone."(Para.7)canbeparaphrasedaswhichofthefollowing?

4.WhichofthefollowingdoesNOTsupportthestatementthatPlutoisour”solarsystem’soddestplanet”?

5.Theword’’commotion”intheexpression"NewYork’sHaydenPlanetariumcausedacommotiontwoyearsago”(Para.8)canbereplacedby（

）.

問題1選項

A.RockslargerthanPlutohavebeenfoundintheKuiperBelt

B.TheKuiperBeltdidnotexistwhenPlutowasfirstdiscovered

C.TheastronomersaredividedwithregardtothestatusofPluto

D.ThereisalmostnodifferencebetweenPlutoandotherKuiperBeltobject

問題2選項

A.Asearlyas1930.

B.Morethanadecadeago.

C.WhentheKuiperBeltwasdiscovered.

D.WhenQuaoarwasdiscovered.

問題3選項

A.ThereisnoproblemwithPluto'splanetarystatus

B.ThereisnotmuchdifferencebetweenPlutoandotherplanets.

C.Thereisyetnoscientificdefinitionoftheterm"planet*'.

D.Thereisnocleardistinctionbetweenplanetsandstars.

問題4選項

A.Itsorbitistoooval.

B.Itisunusuallysmall.

C.Itisfarthestfromthesun.

D.Itmainlyconsistsofdustandice.

問題5選項

A.exchangeofopinions

B.wildimagination

C.thoroughinvestigation

D.agitatedconfusion

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:C

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:D

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。題干詢問‘根據(jù)短文，下列哪個選項是正確的?’。A選項“在柯伊伯帶已發(fā)現(xiàn)比冥王星更大的巖石”和B選項“在冥王星被首次發(fā)現(xiàn)時，柯伊伯帶是不存在的”在文中沒有提及，排除；由最后一段第二句“TheynotethatPluto,infact,isdistinctfrommanyKuiperBeltobjects.他們注意到冥王星實際上不同于許多柯伊伯帶的天體?！贝_定D選項“冥王星與其它柯伊伯帶物體之間幾乎沒有差異”錯誤。由第三段第二句“Inonesense,thequestionofPluto'splanetarystatusisarcane,在某種意義上，冥王星的行星地位問題是晦澀難解的”和第四段中“Thedebatehasspilttheastronomicalcommunityfordecades.十年來，這個爭論一直困擾著天文學(xué)界，讓天文學(xué)界分成了持不同觀點的派系?！贝_定C選項“關(guān)于冥王星的地位，天文學(xué)家們出現(xiàn)了分歧”正確。

2.推理判斷題。題干詢問‘冥王星的行星地位從什么時候開始受到嚴肅的質(zhì)疑?’。

文章第一段第一句“Eversinceitsdiscovery,Plutohasneverreallyfittedin.自從發(fā)現(xiàn)它以后，冥王星事實上一直未能融入太陽系?！备鶕?jù)第二段第二句“Yesterday,however,scientistsreleasedperhapsthemostconvincingevidenceyetthatPluto,infact,isnotaplanetatall.Forthefirsttime,astronomershavepeeredintoabeltofrocksbeyondPluto…然而，昨天，科學(xué)家們發(fā)布了可能是迄今為止最令人信服的證據(jù)，證明冥王星實際上根本不是一顆行星。天文學(xué)家們第一次觀測到冥王星以外的巖石帶?！焙偷谒亩巫詈笠痪洹癊venbeforethedistantbandofrocksknownastheKuiperBeltwasfound,Pluto'sunusualbehaviormadeitsuspicious.甚至在遙遠的柯伊伯帶被發(fā)現(xiàn)之前，冥王星的異常行為就已經(jīng)讓人產(chǎn)生了懷疑?！?，確定C選項“當凱伯帶被發(fā)現(xiàn)時”符合題意，正確。

3.推理判斷題。題干詢問‘他說:“簡而言之，沒有。”(第7段)可改述為下列哪一項?’，所以答案在第七段。由第七段第一句“Tosome,theproblemisnotwithPluto,butthedefinitionof’’planet’.在一些人看來，這個問題（即冥王星是否是行星的問題）與冥王星無關(guān)，而是與對‘行星’的定義有關(guān)?！?、第七段第二句“TotheGreeks,whocoinedtheterm,itmeant'wanderer",describingthewaythattheplanetsmovedacrossthenightskydifferentlyfromthestarsbehindthem.對于創(chuàng)造了“漫游者”一詞的希臘人來說，它的意思是“漫游者”，描述行星在夜空中移動的方式與它們背后的恒星不同。”及第七段最后一句“Today,withourmorenuancedunderstandingoftheuniverse,thewordnolongerhasmuchscientificmeaning.今天，隨著我們對宇宙更加細致入微的理解，這個詞不再有太多的科學(xué)意義?！贝_定C選項“對術(shù)語‘行星’仍沒有科學(xué)定義”正確。

4.細節(jié)事實題。題干詢問‘下面哪個選項不支持冥王星是我們“太陽系中最奇怪的行星”的說法?’。由第一段第二句“AfterthepaleandglowinggiantNeptune，itislittlemorethanacosmicdustmite,sweptthroughthefarthestreachesofthesolarsystem...蒼白,發(fā)光的巨頭海王星之后,它只不過是一個宇宙塵螨，橫掃最遠到達太陽系的……”確定B選項“它非常小”和C選項“它離太陽最遠”與原文一致；由第一段最后一句“thearcofitsorbitissoovalthatitoccasionallycrossesitsmassiveblueneighbor'spath.它的軌道呈橢圓形，偶爾會穿過它巨大的藍色鄰居的軌道?！贝_定A選項“它的軌道是很橢圓形的”與原文一致；所以用排除法，確定D選項“它主要地由塵埃和冰構(gòu)成”符合題意。

5.詞匯題。題干詢問‘“紐約的海登天文館在兩年前引起了一場騷亂”(第8段)中的“騷動”一詞可以被替換為…’。由第八段第一句“supposedlydemotingPluto,lumpingitwiththeKuiperBeltobjectsinitshugemobileofthesolarsystem.據(jù)推測，冥王星將被降級，并與柯伊伯帶的巨大移動星系中的物體放在一起?！焙偷诰哦蔚谝痪洹癝till,manyareloathtopartwiththeplanetPluto.盡管如此，許多人還是不愿與冥王星分離。”確定D選項“公開爭論不休的混淆”符合語境，正確。

6.單選題

Thehumanvoiceoftensounds（）onthephone.

問題1選項

A.twisted

B.irregular

C.deformed

D.distorted

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項twistedadj.扭曲的；B選項irregularadj.不規(guī)則的，無整齊的；C選項deformedadj.丑陋的，畸形的；D選項distortedadj.歪曲的，失真的，受到曲解的。根據(jù)humanvoice可知，D項符合搭配。句意：人聲在電話里聽起來總是有些失真。

7.單選題

Thebiggestsafetythreatfacingairlinestodaymaynotbeaterroristwithagun,butthemanwiththeportablecomputerinbusinessclass.Inthelast15years,pilotshavereportedwellover100incidentsthatcouldhavebeencausedbyelectromagneticinterference.Thesourceofthisinterferenceremainsunconfirmed,butincreasingly,expertsarepointingtheblameatportableelectronicdevicessuchasportablecomputers,radioandcassetteplayersandmobiletelephones.

RTCA,anorganizationwhichadvisestheaviationindustry,hasrecommendedthatallairlinesbansuchdevicesfrombeingusedduring“critical”stagesofflight,particularlytake-offandlanding.Someexpertshavegonefurther,callingforatotalbanduringallflights.Currently,rulesonusingthesedevicesareleftuptoindividualairlines.Andalthoughsomeairlinesprohibitpassengersfromusingsuchequipmentduringtake-offandlanding,mostarereluctanttoenforceatotalban,giventhatmanypassengerswanttoworkduringflights.

Thedifficultyispredictinghowelectromagneticfieldsmightaffectanaircraft’scomputers.Expertsknowthatportabledevicesemitradiationwhichaffectsthosewavelengthswhichaircraftusefornavigationandcommunication.But,becausetheyhavenotbeenabletoreproducetheseeffectsinalaboratory,theyhavenowayofknowingwhethertheinterferencemightbedangerousornot.

Thefactthataircraftmaybevulnerabletointerferenceraisestheriskthatterroristsmayuseradiosystemsinordertodamagenavigationequipment.Asworrying,though,isthepassengerwhocan’theartheinstructionstoturnoffhisradiobecausethemusic’stooloud.

1.Thepassageismainlyabout（

）.

2.Whatissaidabouttheover100aircraftincidentsinthepast15years?

3.Fewairlineswanttoimposeatotalbanontheirpassengersusingelectronicdevicesbecause（

）

4.Whyisitdifficulttopredictthepossibleeffectsofelectromagneticfieldsonanairplane’scomputers?

5.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheauthor（

）.

問題1選項

A.anewregulationforallairlines

B.thedefectsofelectronicdevices

C.apossiblecauseofaircraftcrashes

D.effectivesafetymeasuresforairflight

問題2選項

A.Theymayhavebeencausedbythedamagetotheradiosystems

B.Theymayhavetakenplaceduringtake-offandlanding

C.Theywereprovedtohavebeencausedbythepassengers’portablecomputers

D.Theyweresuspectedtohaveresultedfromelectromagneticinterference

問題3選項

A.theydon’tbelievethereissuchadangerasradiointerference

B.theharmfuleffectofelectromagneticinterferenceisyettobeproved

C.mostpassengersrefusetotakeaplanewhichbanstheuseofradioandcassetteplayers

D.theyhaveothereffectivesafetymeasurestofallbackon

問題4選項

A.Becauseitisextremelydangeroustoconductsuchresearchonanairplane

B.Becauseitremainsamysterywhatwavelengthsareliabletobeinterferedwith

C.Becauseresearchscientistshavenotbeenabletoproducethatsameeffectsinlabs

D.Becauseexpertslackadequateequipmenttodosuchresearch

問題5選項

A.isinfavorofprohibitingpassenger’useofelectronicdevicescompletely

B.hasoverestimatedthedangerofelectromagneticinterference

C.hasn’tformedhisownopiniononthisproblem

D.regardsitasunreasonabletoexerciseatotalbanduringflight

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.主旨大意題。文章開篇第一句話點明主旨:Thebiggestsafetythreatfacingairlinestodaymaynotbeaterroristwithagun,butthemanwiththeportablecomputerinbusinessclass(如今航空公司面臨的最大的安全威脅可能不是持槍的恐怖分子，而是商務(wù)艙里帶著便攜式電腦的乘客)。故選C。

2.細節(jié)事實。根據(jù)題干定位至第一段:Inthelast15years,pilotshavereportedwellover100incidentsthatcouldhavebeencausedbyelectromagneticinterference(在過去的15年中，飛行員報告說100多起事故可能由電磁干擾引起的)。

3.細節(jié)事實。根據(jù)題干定位至第二段:mostarereluctanttoenforceatotalban,giventhatmanypassengerswanttoworkduringflights(由于許多乘客想在飛行期間工作，多數(shù)航空公司不愿意執(zhí)行全面禁令)。

4.細節(jié)事實。第三段給出了原因:But,becausetheyhavenotbeenabletoreproducetheseeffectsinalaboratory,theyhavenowayofknowingwhethertheinterferencemightbedangerousornot.(由于他們無法在實驗室中重現(xiàn)這些效應(yīng)，他們無法知道干擾是否有危險)。

5.觀點態(tài)度。根據(jù)文章大意，可以看出作者的態(tài)度。

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