考研考博-英語(yǔ)-中國(guó)石油大學(xué)勝利學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解1

書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-中國(guó)石油大學(xué)勝利學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

（

）thereislittlewecandotomodifytheweather,wecanatleastknowwhatkindofweathertoexpect.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Since

B.When

C.While

D.Unless

【答案】C

【解析】【試題解析】考查語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)。這句話空格同樣考查狀語(yǔ)從句中關(guān)系副詞的用法和含義。從句的意思是“我們?cè)诟淖兲鞖夥矫鏌o(wú)能為力”，和后句“我們至少知道天氣未來(lái)的變化”存在轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，分析四個(gè)選項(xiàng)，選項(xiàng)A表示原因關(guān)系，選項(xiàng)D表示讓步條件關(guān)系，選項(xiàng)B可以表示時(shí)間條件關(guān)系，而while除了表示時(shí)間條件關(guān)系還可以表示轉(zhuǎn)折。句意為：盡管我們?cè)诟淖兲鞖夥矫鏌o(wú)能為力，但我們至少知道天氣未來(lái)的變化。故正確答案選C。

2.單選題

Itusedtobe——inpopularimagination,ifnotalwaysinreality——thatitwasthemanofthehousewhototedthetoolbelt,fixingaleakyfaucethereandrepairingaholeinthedrywallthere,whileoverseeinghomeimprovements,fromnewbookshelvestoroomadditions.Itseemedpartofourevolutionarydevelopmentasatool—usingspeciesthatitwasmen,alone,whowouldprowltheaislesofhardwarestores.

Demographicschange.WomenaccounttodayforfullyhalfoftheU.S.S140billionretailhardwareandhomeimprovementindustrysalesintheUnitedStates.Theyhavebeenmotivatedbythedo-it-yourselfmovementthatbeganintheearly1980s,andbychangingeconomicandsocialrealitiesthathavemadewomenmoreself-reliant.Homeimprovementtelevisionshows,specialtymagazines,teachingclinics,andevenwebsitescatertothesedo-it-yourselfers,understandingthatwomenarethe“instigators”ofhomeimprovementprojectswhetherornotthereisamaninthehouse.Thecommonwisdomintheindustryisthatwomenhavesignificantcontrolnotonlyoverselectionofproducts,butalsooverthehouseholdbudget.

1.Whichofthefollowingcanbestsumlipthepassage?

2.Womenaretakinguphomerepairsmoreandmorejustbecause（

）.

3.Wecanguessfromcontextcluesthattheword4lotote”means

（

）.

4.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Womennowcanworkonhomeimprovementallbythemselves,notneedingmen’shelp.

B.Womenarenowbecomingexpertsathomeimprovement.

C.It’swomen,notmen,whonowgotohardwarestores.

D.Womenarebornbetterathomerepairs.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.menareunwillingtodoit

B.womenhavebeenfoundtobemoretalentedatit

C.womenareaffectedbycertainthoughtsandmovement

D.womanwanttodemonstratethattheyaresuperiortomen

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.torepair

B.tocarry

C.tosell

D.tobuy

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Womenhaven'ttakenuphomeimprovementatall

B.Nowadays,mendon’tworkonhomeimprovementanymore.

C.Moreandmorewomennowmakeeffortstobecomedo-it-yourselfers.

D.Mencan’tbetheinstigatorofhomeimprovements.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:C

【解析】1.主旨大意題。文章最主要討論的是女性所扮演的角色的變化:之前不參與家居環(huán)境改進(jìn)相關(guān)的工作，現(xiàn)在主要依靠自己對(duì)家居環(huán)境進(jìn)行改進(jìn)，并決定產(chǎn)品的選擇和家庭預(yù)算。因此B項(xiàng)“如今，女性變得善于進(jìn)行家居環(huán)境改進(jìn)”比較能概括文章大意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第二段指出:Theyhavebeenmotivatedbythedo-it-yourselfmovementthatbeganintheearly1980s,andbychangingeconomicandsocialrealitiesthathavemadewomenmoreself-reliant(受20世紀(jì)80年代初期的‘自己動(dòng)手’運(yùn)動(dòng)的推動(dòng)和變化的經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)現(xiàn)實(shí)的影響，女性更多的是依靠自己)。故選C項(xiàng)“女性受到了某些思想和運(yùn)動(dòng)的影響”。

3.詞義題?！皌otote”出現(xiàn)在第一句:Itusedtobe——inpopularimagination,ifnotalwaysinreality——thatitwasthemanofthehousewhototedthetoolbelt,fixingaleakyfaucethereandrepairingaholeinthedrywallthere,whileoverseeinghomeimprovements,fromnewbookshelvestoroomadditions(過(guò)去,…的通常是一個(gè)家庭中的男性，雖然現(xiàn)實(shí)不一定如此，但至少在大家的觀念里是這樣的。包括在這兒修理一個(gè)漏水龍頭，在那兒填補(bǔ)干墻上的一個(gè)洞，與此同時(shí)還要監(jiān)督家居的環(huán)境改進(jìn)，從購(gòu)置新書(shū)架到其他房間布置物)。分析句子可知,whototedthetoolbelt作定語(yǔ)修飾“男性”,通過(guò)后面的“在這兒修理一個(gè)漏水龍頭…”推斷totedthetoolbelt應(yīng)該表示“攜帶工具腰帶”,因此四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中與“totote”意思最接近的應(yīng)該是B。

4.判斷推理題。第二段指出:Theyhavebeenmotivatedbythedo-it-yourselfmovementthatbeganintheearly1980s,andbychangingeconomicandsocialrealitiesthathavemadewomenmoreself-reliant(受20世紀(jì)80年代初期的‘自己動(dòng)手’運(yùn)動(dòng)的推動(dòng)和變化的經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)現(xiàn)實(shí)的影響，女性更多的是依靠自己),由此推斷C項(xiàng)“如今，越來(lái)越多的女性努力成為自己動(dòng)手者”符合原文。

3.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish

隨著年歲的增長(zhǎng)，精力日減，效率漸低，作風(fēng)漸延：激情有失，理智有增?？磥?lái)，這樣的互易不可能總是得失相當(dāng)?shù)摹５?，一定的年齡總有一定的長(zhǎng)處。因此，可以告慰的是，即使你已度過(guò)了部分盛年，在未來(lái)的經(jīng)歷中，依然會(huì)有另一種盛年期的出現(xiàn)。某些重要的盛年期似乎在人生后期才達(dá)到頂峰。

原始人一旦由于周圍的許多令人愉快的情景而第一次開(kāi)口大笑了，又由于笑對(duì)周圍所產(chǎn)生的那些明顯的愉快的效果，笑就開(kāi)始具有了人類社會(huì)所特有的價(jià)值。具有用爽朗的笑聲來(lái)傳播愉快能力的人，開(kāi)始比他的較為嚴(yán)肅、古板的同事更能享受到社會(huì)的優(yōu)惠，從而使自己處于有利的地位。他成了個(gè)“善于交際的人”，在社交方面成了大家所推舉的人，受到社會(huì)的喜愛(ài)。

當(dāng)今的世界，即非絲綢之路的吋代，亦非馬可波羅(MarcoPolo)吋代。從上海去東京，只需兩個(gè)多小時(shí)。從中國(guó)區(qū)地球另一端的美國(guó)，也能在日歷的同一天到達(dá)。昔日遙遠(yuǎn)的地理距離，被現(xiàn)代科學(xué)技術(shù)一下縮短到令人難以置信的程度。這是人類文明的共同成果。

【答案】Asweage,wetradestrengthforingenuity,speedforthoroughnessandpassionforreason.Theseexchangesmaynotalwaysseemfair,butateveryage,therearesomeadvantages.Soitisreassuringtonotethatevenifyou’vepassedsomeofyour“primes”,youstillhaveotherprimeyearstoexperienceinthefuture.Itseemsthatsomeprimeperiodwillreachitspeaklaterinourlife.

Oncetheprimitivemenburstoutlaughingforthefirsttimebecauseofsomethingpleasantaroundthem,andthenthelaughbringstheobviouslypleasanteffectaround,thelaughhashadvaluethatthehumanbeingsisholding.Thepersonwhopossessestheabilitytospreadhappinessbybrightandclearlaughwillgetmoresocialbenefitsthanhisseriousandstuffycolleagues,whichgetshiminanadvantageousposition.Thushebecomesa“goodmixer”whoiscommendedbyothers,especiallygiftedsocially.

TheworldtodayisneithertheeraofSilkRoad,northeageofMarcoPolo.ItjusttakesabouttwohoursfromShanghaitoTokyo.Onthesamedayonthecalendar,youalsocanarriveintheUnitedStatesontheothersideoftheearthfromChina.Thefargeographicdistanceoftheolddayshasbeenshortenedtoanunbelievableextentbymodernscienceandtechnology.It’sthecommonachievementsbroughtaboutbytheprogressofhumancivilization.

4.單選題

Theoldbeliefthattheuniverseneverchangesisquitewrong.Evenbeforetheinventionofthetelescope,astronomersnoticedthatbrightstarssuddenlyappearinthesky，andthenlaterdisappear.（1）Infactwenowknowthattheyarereallyoldstarswhichareslowlydying.Arecentcaseofanovaoccurredin1918，andoneofthefewpeoplewhosawthiswastheAmericanastronomerEdwardBarnard.Hewasdrivingalonginacar,occasionallylookingupintothesky.Suddenlyhenoticedastarthathehadneverseenbefore,andexclaimed,“Thatstarshouldnotbethere!”Hewasinfactwatchingtheexplosionofanova.

（2）Astheydoso,theyletouthugecloudsofmaterial.Sometimesaslargeastheearth,andtheseexplodeintospaceataspeedofabout8，000,000kilometersperhour.Whenthishappens,thehotterpartsofthestarbecomevisible,andthisiswhynovaearesobright.Althoughtheexplosionsarehugeonahumanscale,theyonlyconsumeasmallpartofthedyingstar’senergy.（3）Indeed,thereareevensomestarswhichexplodeonceafortnight.

Thereareotheroldstarswhichdonotdieslowly,butarecompletelydestroyedbyonegreatexplosion.（4）Theexplosionofasupernovaisequivalenttoaboutamillion,million,million,millionhydrogenbombsgoingoffatthesametime.Justbeforetheexplosionthestar’sdensitybecomeverygreatanditspinsataveryhighspeed.Amatchboxofmaterialtakenfromthestaratthattimewouldweighabout1,000tons,andthestarwouldbeturningatabout16,000,000kilometersperhour.（5）OnesupernovawhichChineseastronomersobservedin1054canstillbeseenbyustoday.Ithasbeenshiningforatleastninehundredyears.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Novaeareoldstarswhichareslowlydying.

B.Theyareknownas“supernovae.”

C.Thedeathisaslowone,andthestarmaycontinuetoexplodeforthousandsofyears.

D.Theexplosionofasupernovaislikeacosmicbomb.

E.Theexplosionitselfoccurssuddenly,inthespaceofaminute,butthesupernovacontinuestoshinelongaftertheevent.

F.Thesestarswerecalled“novae”becausetheywerethoughttobenew.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Novaeareoldstarswhichareslowlydying.

B.Theyareknownas“supernovae.”

C.Thedeathisaslowone,andthestarmaycontinuetoexplodeforthousandsofyears.

D.Theexplosionofasupernovaislikeacosmicbomb.

E.Theexplosionitselfoccurssuddenly,inthespaceofaminute,butthesupernovacontinuestoshinelongaftertheevent.

F.Thesestarswerecalled“novae”becausetheywerethoughttobenew.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Novaeareoldstarswhichareslowlydying.

B.Theyareknownas“supernovae.”

C.Thedeathisaslowone,andthestarmaycontinuetoexplodeforthousandsofyears.

D.Theexplosionofasupernovaislikeacosmicbomb.

E.Theexplosionitselfoccurssuddenly,inthespaceofaminute,butthesupernovacontinuestoshinelongaftertheevent.

F.Thesestarswerecalled“novae”becausetheywerethoughttobenew.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Novaeareoldstarswhichareslowlydying.

B.Theyareknownas“supernovae.”

C.Thedeathisaslowone,andthestarmaycontinuetoexplodeforthousandsofyears.

D.Theexplosionofasupernovaislikeacosmicbomb.

E.Theexplosionitselfoccurssuddenly,inthespaceofaminute,butthesupernovacontinuestoshinelongaftertheevent.

F.Thesestarswerecalled“novae”becausetheywerethoughttobenew.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Novaeareoldstarswhichareslowlydying.

B.Theyareknownas“supernovae.”

C.Thedeathisaslowone,andthestarmaycontinuetoexplodeforthousandsofyears.

D.Theexplosionofasupernovaislikeacosmicbomb.

E.Theexplosionitselfoccurssuddenly,inthespaceofaminute,butthesupernovacontinuestoshinelongaftertheevent.

F.Thesestarswerecalled“novae”becausetheywerethoughttobenew.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:E

【解析】（1）空格處后面一句話有兩個(gè)關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)，一是infact,”實(shí)際上”的意思，表示與前文（空格處所填入的句子）是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系；另一個(gè)關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)是old的這個(gè)詞，既然前后是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，那么空格處會(huì)有一個(gè)與old相反的表述。綜上，Thesestarswerecalled“novae”becausetheywerethoughttobenew.符合題意。

（2）空格處位于句首，因此可以考慮是一個(gè)主題句，即后面的內(nèi)容都是圍繞這個(gè)句子展開(kāi)。因此需要把握整段文字的主要內(nèi)容：講述了一顆新星慢慢衰落的過(guò)程，因此Novaeareoldstarswhichareslowlydying符合題意。

（3）空格處前面講述了恒星爆炸，空格處后一句講述的是”甚至有些恒星會(huì)每?jī)芍鼙ㄒ淮巍保韵轮馐怯行┖阈堑谋ú⒉皇侵挥幸淮?，可能?huì)延續(xù)很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間，因此Thedeathisaslowone,andthestarmaycontinuetoexplodeforthousandsofyears.符合題意。

（4）空格后的句子提到了一個(gè)關(guān)鍵詞supernova，因此，空格處需要將這個(gè)概念引出來(lái)。再聯(lián)系空格前一句中的otheroldstars可知Theyareknownas“supernovae.”符合題意。

（5）空格后的句子提到”中國(guó)天文學(xué)家在1054年觀測(cè)到的一顆超新星至今仍可看見(jiàn)”，這個(gè)例子說(shuō)明超新星爆炸后仍然可以長(zhǎng)時(shí)間發(fā)光，因此Theexplosionitselfoccurssuddenly,inthespaceofaminute,butthesupernovacontinuestoshinelongaftertheevent.符合題意。

5.單選題

Withtherapidglobalizationofscienceitself(morethan40percentofscientificPh.D.studentstrainedintheUnitedStatesarenowforeignnationals,roughlyhalfofwhomreturntotheircountriesoforigin),theonceundisputedU.S.scientificlead,whetherrelevanttoproductleadornot,isdiminishing.

ThecompetitionofforeignstudentsforpositionsinU.S.graduateschoolshasalsocontributedtomakingscientifictrainingrelativelyunattractivetoU.S.students,becausetherapidlyincreasingsupplyofstudentshasdiminishedtherelativerewardsofthiscareerpath.Forthebestandbrightestfromlow-incomecountries,apositionasaresearchassistantintheUnitedStatesisattractive,whereasthebestandbrightestU.S.studentsmightnowseebetteroptionsinotherfields.Scienceandengineeringcareers,totheextentthattheyareopeninguptoforeigncompetition(whetherimportedoravailablethroughbettercommunication),alsoseemtobebecomingrelativelylessattractivetoU.S.students.

Withrespecttotheroleofuniversitiesintheinnovationprocess,the”speculativeboomofthe1990s(which,amongotherthings,madeitpossibletoconvertscientificfindingsintocashratherquickly)waslargelyunexpected.Theboombroughtuniversitiesandtheirfacultiesintomuchclosercontactwithprivatemarketsastheytriedtogainasmuchoftheeconomicdividendsfromtheirdiscoveriesaspossible.Forawhile,thepathbetweendiscoveriesinbasicscienceandnewflowsofhardcashwasconsiderablyshortened.Butduringthenextfewdecades,thispathlikelywillreverttowarditsmoretraditionallengthandreestablish,inahealthyway,themoretraditional(andmoreindependent)relationshipbetweenthebasicresearchdoneatuniversitiesandthoseentitiesthattranslateideasintoproductsandservices.

Intheinterveningyears,anothernewforcealsogreatlyfacilitatedglobalization:therapidgrowthoftheInternetandcheapwide-bandwidthinternationalcommunication.Today,complexdesignactivitiescantakeplaceinlocationsquiteremovedfrommanufacturing,otherbusinessfunctions,andtheconsumer.Indeed,thereisnowampleopportunityforreal-timecommunicationbetweenbusinessfunctionsthatarequiteindependentoftheirspecificlocations.Forexample,softwaredevelopment,withallitschangesandcomplications,cantoaconsiderableextentbedoneoverseasforaU.S.customer.Foreigncallcenterscanrespondinstantlytoquestionsfromthousandsofmilesaway.Theresultisthatlow-wageworkersintheFarEastandinsomeothercountriesarecomingintoevermoredirectcompetitionwithamuchwiderspectrumofU.S.labor:unskilledinthecaseofcallcenters;morehighlyskilledinthecaseofprogrammers.

1.Therapidglobalizationofscience

（

）.

2.Accordingtothistext（

）.

3.Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthat

（

）.

4.Allofthefollowingmighthavecontributedtoglobalizationexcept

（

）.

5.Thistextismainlyabout（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.hasledtotherapidgrowthoftheInternet

B.hasdiminishedtherelativerewardsofscienceandengineeringcareers

C.hasresultedinthefiercecompetitionofscientifictrainingintheUS

D.hascontributedtothediminishofU.S.scientificleadership

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.thecareersunattractivetoU.S.studentsmaynotbesotoforeignstudents

B.scienceandengineeringcareersareunattractiveexclusivelytoU.S.students

C.U.S.studentsarenotcourageousenoughtofaceforeigncompetition

D.U.S.studentsarenotwellpreparedtocompetewithforeignstudents

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.scientistsrarelyexpecttomakemoneyfromtheirdiscoveriesinbasicscience

B.itwillbemucheasiertoconvertscientificfindingsintocashinthenearfuture

C.theboomofthe1990scouldbeconsideredsomewhatunhealthy

D.theboomofthe1990swilllastatleastforseveraldecades

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.theunprecedenteddevelopmentofInternet

B.theclosercontactofuniversitieswithprivatemarkets

C.real-timecommunicationbetweenbusinessfunctions

D.theprevalenceofwide-bandwidthinternationalcommunication

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.thescientificleadershipoftheU.S

B.theshortageofscientistsintheU.S

C.Therapidglobalizationofscience

D.Bettercommunicationandglobalization

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】1.文章第一段提到美國(guó)40%的博士生都是來(lái)自其他國(guó)家，而這些學(xué)生在美國(guó)接受完教育后選擇回到自己的祖國(guó)，因此，隨著科學(xué)本身的國(guó)際化，美國(guó)在科學(xué)界領(lǐng)域的地位正在下降（isdiminishing）。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

2.文章第二段提到了美國(guó)本國(guó)的學(xué)生與國(guó)外留學(xué)生對(duì)工作選擇的期望不同：那些來(lái)自于低收入國(guó)家的學(xué)生會(huì)對(duì)一個(gè)研究助理的職位趨之若鶩，而本國(guó)的學(xué)生卻對(duì)此不感興趣，他們有更好的選擇(seebetteroptionsinotherfields)。選項(xiàng)A“對(duì)于美國(guó)本國(guó)學(xué)生沒(méi)有吸引力的工作，對(duì)外國(guó)學(xué)生卻有著吸引力”符合題意。

3.文章第三段前半部分提到90年代的投機(jī)性高漲（speculativeboom），這種高漲導(dǎo)致學(xué)校里的老師只想盡可能多的去獲得更多的經(jīng)濟(jì)利益(theboombroughtuniversitiesandtheirfacultiesintomuchclosercontactwithprivatemarketsastheytriedtogainasmuchoftheeconomicdividendsfromtheirdiscoveriesaspossible)，后半部分Butduringthenextfewdecades,thispathlikelywillreverttowarditsmoretraditionallengthandreestablish,inahealthyway,themoretraditional(andmoreindependent)relationshipbetweenthebasicresearchdoneatuniversitiesandthoseentitiesthattranslateideasintoproductsandservices提到接下來(lái)的幾十年，一種健康的方式在逆轉(zhuǎn)之前的道路，由此可推斷90年代的繁榮被認(rèn)為是不健康的。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

4.文章最后一段前半部分提到互網(wǎng)的誕生、廉價(jià)的款待網(wǎng)絡(luò)溝通方式（therapidgrowthoftheInternetandcheapwide-bandwidthinternationalcommunication）、不同地方的商業(yè)機(jī)構(gòu)的實(shí)時(shí)溝通都推動(dòng)了全球化進(jìn)程（real-timecommunicationbetweenbusinessfunctionsthatarequiteindependentoftheirspecificlocations），所以只有選項(xiàng)B沒(méi)有推動(dòng)全球化，符合題意。

5.文章第一二段主要講述了由于留學(xué)生的增多，并且這些學(xué)生大都會(huì)選擇回自己的國(guó)家，從而導(dǎo)致美國(guó)在科學(xué)界的領(lǐng)先地位開(kāi)始動(dòng)搖，第三段講述了90年代那種不健康的高漲：很多學(xué)校的教師將科學(xué)與經(jīng)濟(jì)利益掛鉤，最后一段提到的全球化的原因跟導(dǎo)致的結(jié)果。所以文章主要在論述美國(guó)在科學(xué)界的領(lǐng)先地位與科學(xué)全球化的關(guān)系。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

6.單選題

Outputfromthepowerstations_______steeplyasrestrictionsonthemovementofcoaltookeffect.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.fellbehind

B.fellback

C.fellthrough

D.fellaway

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)“fellbehind”，意為“落后，拖欠”；B選項(xiàng)“fellback”，意為“撤退，回落”；C選項(xiàng)“fellthrough”，意為“落空，失敗”，D選項(xiàng)“fellaway”，意為“消失，背離，拋棄”。句意：由于對(duì)煤炭運(yùn)輸?shù)南拗粕Вl(fā)電站的發(fā)電量急劇下降。因此，D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

7.單選題

Thesenatorwasaccusedofwafflingonmajorissues.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.vaguing

B.stiffening

C.vacillating

D.reshuffling

【答案】A

【解析】考查同義形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)vaguing“模糊的，含糊的，不明確的，曖昧的”；B選項(xiàng)stiffening“變硬，（使）變粘稠”；C選項(xiàng)vacillating“躊躇的，搖擺的”；D選項(xiàng)reshuffling“重新安排，重新排序”。句意：這位參議員被指責(zé)在重大問(wèn)題上含糊其辭。Waffling“優(yōu)柔寡斷的，模糊不清的”，A選項(xiàng)與該詞意思最相近，因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

8.翻譯題

ThegovernmentisdesperatetosellthemosttroubledofSouthKorea’sbigcompaniestoforeigners.This,ministersbelieve,isthebestwaytoacceleratethecorporaterestructuringbeguninthewakeoftheAsianfinancialcrisisin1997,andtoclearthewayformoresustainableeconomicgrowth.Thisweek,aftermonthsofon-offtalkswithforeignsuitors,thegovernment’splansmovedabigstepforward,andthenanequallybigstepback.

【答案】政府急切地想把韓國(guó)處境最艱難的公司賣給外國(guó)人。官員們相信，這是加快自1997年金融危機(jī)開(kāi)始的企業(yè)重組的最佳途徑，也是為可持續(xù)的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)開(kāi)辟道路的最佳途徑。在與外國(guó)收購(gòu)者進(jìn)行了數(shù)月斷斷續(xù)續(xù)的談判后，本周，政府的計(jì)劃向前邁出了一大步，然后又后退了一大步。

9.單選題

Childrenandoldpeopledonotlikehavingtheirdaily______upset.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.habit

B.routine

C.practice

D.custom

【答案】B

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.habit習(xí)慣B.routine常規(guī)；慣例

C.practice實(shí)踐；實(shí)際行動(dòng)D.custom風(fēng)俗；習(xí)俗

【考查點(diǎn)】搭配。

【解題思路】按照句意“孩子和老人不喜歡打亂他們的日常______”，dailyroutine是常見(jiàn)搭配，表示“日常生活，日常工作”，該題選擇B項(xiàng)恰當(dāng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A項(xiàng)habit是可數(shù)名詞，要加s；

C項(xiàng)是指在一個(gè)特定的組織或情況下通常的或預(yù)期的做法；

D項(xiàng)不符合句意。

【句意】孩子和老人不喜歡打亂他們的日常生活。

10.單選題

Notalldecisionsarealike.（1）iseverydecisionmadeinthesamemanner.Althoughsomeactionsyouundertake（2）theirbasisfromnewlymadedecisions,thereareotherinstances（3）decision-makingdoesnotreallytakeplace.Thelatter,accordingtoDeaconandFirebaugh,mayinvolveroutine,programmed,impulsiveorintuitiveaction.Whenyouwakeupinthemorningandpreparetoattendclass,doyouconsciouslymakedecisionsabout（4）thingsaswhich,sideofyourhairtocombfirst,howtobrushyourteeth,orwhichshoeto（5）first?Probably（6）.Althoughyoumayhavemadeaconsciousdecisionaboutwhatyouweregoingtoweartoclass,youprobably（7）anytimeinmakingadecisionabouthowtogetreadytoattendclass.Everyindividualhascertainhabitsorroutinebehaviors.Althoughtheyoriginatedfromdecisionsmade（8）inyourlife,younolongerconsciouslymakethesedecisionseachtimeyouundertakethistypeofaction.Routineplansoractionsserveausefulpurposeinyourdailylifeandmanagement.Howlongwouldittakeyoutogetup,getready,andwalktoclassifyouhadtomakeseparatedecisionsforeachactionyoutake?Youuseroutineplansoractionsasresourcetomake（9）decisions.

Inadditiontothehabitualbehaviorsorroutinesyoufollow,youalsohavecertainspecificactionsyouundertakeina（10）situations.Thesearecalledprogrammeddecisions.Programmeddecisionsaredifferentfromroutines.Routineplansoractionsarepatternsofbehavioralactionsrepeatedlyundertakenonaconsistentandregularbasis.Programmeddecisions,（11）,utilizeyourpastexperienceinasimilarsituationForinstance,youknowyouaregoingtohaveatest.Yourmethodofstudyingforthistestwillbedone（12）yourknowledgeofasimilarexperience.Thedegreeofsuccess（13）achievedwillbeadeterminantinhow,when,where,andthelengthoftimeyoustudyforthistest.

Programmeddecisions,likeroutines,area(n)（14）inyourmanagement.Whentheactionundertakenproves.tobesuccessfulyourepeatthesameactionthenexttimeasimilarsituationoccurs.Thesuccessfulachievement,（15）thesatisfactionyoureceived,determineswhenandtheextenttowhichyoumodifytheoriginaldecision（16）employingitagainin（17）situations.

Bothroutineand（18）decisionsserveusefulpurposes.Theyactasresourcesby（19）theneedtomakenewdecisions.Theyalsoevaluatemanagerialactions.Thesuccessyouachieveenablesyoutobypassor（20）theuseofthedecision-makingprocess.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Not

B.No

C.Nor

D.Never

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.toderive

B.derive

C.deriving

D.derived

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.when

B.that

C.which

D.Where

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.some

B.thesame

C.somany

D.such

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.putdown

B.puton

C.putoff

D.putup

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.yes

B.not

C.ok

D.no

問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)

A.didn'tspend

B.wouldn'tspend

C.won'tspend

D.hadn'tspent

問(wèn)題8選項(xiàng)

A.atthefighttime

B.atanearlytime

C.atanearliertime

D.attheearliesttime

問(wèn)題9選項(xiàng)

A.similar

B.old

C.new

D.separate

問(wèn)題10選項(xiàng)

A.different

B.regular

C.routine

D.given

問(wèn)題11選項(xiàng)

A.moreover

B.therefore

C.however

D.ontheotherhand

問(wèn)題12選項(xiàng)

A.using

B.havingused

C.touse

D.tohaveused

問(wèn)題13選項(xiàng)

A.lately

B.previously

C.recently

D.currently

問(wèn)題14選項(xiàng)

A.resource

B.determinant

C.experience

D.achievement

問(wèn)題15選項(xiàng)

A.repeatedby

B.provedby

C.measuredby

D.metby

問(wèn)題16選項(xiàng)

A.until

B.before

C.after

D.since

問(wèn)題17選項(xiàng)

A.anyother

B.allother

C.theother

D.otherlike

問(wèn)題18選項(xiàng)

A.habitual

B.impulsive

C.programmed

D.conscious

問(wèn)題19選項(xiàng)

A.eliminating

B.satisfying

C.increasing

D.reducing

問(wèn)題20選項(xiàng)

A.minimize

B.maximize

C.make

D.employ

【答案】第1題:

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:B

第6題:B

第7題:A

第8題:C

第9題:C

第10題:D

第11題:D

第12題:A

第13題:B

第14題:A

第15題:C

第16題:B

第17題:D

第18題:C

第19題:A

第20題:A

【解析】（1）語(yǔ)法和搭配。Nor的倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，表“…..也不”，句意：所有的決定都不相同，每個(gè)做決定的方式也不相同。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

（2）固定搭配。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)，可知空格為謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，選項(xiàng)A和C可排除。整篇文章的時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)，所以選用動(dòng)詞原形derive，derive…from“源自”。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

（3）語(yǔ)法題。根據(jù)題意，可知空格中需要填入一個(gè)關(guān)系詞，引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞instances“舉例”，選項(xiàng)when關(guān)系副詞在從句中作狀語(yǔ)，表示“當(dāng)……的時(shí)候”。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

（4）固定搭配。such…as“例如，諸如”，表示舉例子。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

（5）詞組辨析。putdown“記下，鎮(zhèn)壓”；puton“穿上”；putoff“延期”；putup“舉起，張貼”。句意：首先穿那只鞋？選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

（6）上下文語(yǔ)義理解。根據(jù)前面一句“doyouconsciouslymakedecisions…”，可知前面一句是一般疑問(wèn)句，根據(jù)文意，應(yīng)該為否定回答，所以選用not，選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

（7）上下文語(yǔ)義理解和邏輯關(guān)系。前一句為讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，意為：盡管你可能已經(jīng)有意識(shí)地決定了要穿什么去上課，可知后一句意思為：你可能不會(huì)花時(shí)間做決定。前后兩句形成讓步關(guān)系。并且整個(gè)句子談?wù)摰氖沁^(guò)去的事情，選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

（8）上下文語(yǔ)義理解。根據(jù)文意：每個(gè)人都會(huì)有一些習(xí)慣和日常行為，盡管這些行為習(xí)慣來(lái)源于生活中更早的一些決定。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

（9）上下文語(yǔ)義理解。上文提到了常規(guī)習(xí)慣對(duì)以后生活的帶來(lái)影響，根據(jù)文意：你可以使用日常計(jì)劃或行動(dòng)作為來(lái)源去做出新的決定。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

（10）上下文語(yǔ)義理解。根據(jù)上文“Inadditiontothehabitualbehaviorsorroutinesyoufollow”，可知除了你所遵循的習(xí)慣行為或慣例，你也要在具體的情況下采取特殊的行動(dòng)。specificactions和specificsituations形成對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

（11）邏輯關(guān)系。上文提到了程序化決策不同于常規(guī)決策，空格后提到了在類似的情況下利用你過(guò)去的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，前后形成了對(duì)比關(guān)系。所以用搭配ontheotherhand，表示“另一方面”。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

（12）語(yǔ)法題。根據(jù)上文“Yourmethodofstudyingforthistestwillbedone”，可知空格前句子完整，空格為狀語(yǔ)成分，并且表伴隨，所以選用-ing分詞作伴隨狀語(yǔ)，選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

（13）上下文語(yǔ)義理解。lately“近來(lái)，不久前”；previously“以前，預(yù)先”；recently“最近”；currently“當(dāng)前”。句意：以前取得的成功程度將決定你如何、何時(shí)、何地、以及為這次考試學(xué)習(xí)的時(shí)間長(zhǎng)短。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

（14）上下文語(yǔ)義理解。resource“資源，來(lái)源”；determinant“決定因素”；experience“經(jīng)驗(yàn)，經(jīng)歷”；achievement“成就”。句意：程序化的決策，就像常規(guī)決定一樣，是你管理中一種資源。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

（15）上下文語(yǔ)義理解。repeat“重復(fù)”；prove“證明”；measure“測(cè)量”；meet“遇見(jiàn)”。句意：成功的成就，用你得到的滿足感來(lái)衡量。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

（16）上下文語(yǔ)義理解。until“直到”；before“在之前”；after“在之后”；since“自從”。句意：成功的成就，由你所獲得的滿足感來(lái)衡量，決定了你在什么時(shí)候以及在多大程度上，在其用于其他類似的情況之前，修改了最初的決定。所以選用before“在之前”。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

（17）下文語(yǔ)義理解題。anyother“其他的”；allother“所有其他”；theother“兩者中的另一個(gè)”。句意：成功的成就，由你所獲得的滿足感來(lái)衡量，決定了你在什么時(shí)候以及在多大程度上，在其用于其他類似的情況之前，修改了最初的決定。所以意思為“其他類似的”，選用“otherlike”，選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

（18）上下文語(yǔ)義理解和語(yǔ)法。habitual“習(xí)慣的，習(xí)以為常的”；impulsive“沖動(dòng)的，任性的”；programmed“程序化的”；conscious“意識(shí)到的，神志清晰的”。句意：常規(guī)決策和程序化決策都有其有用的目的。根據(jù)語(yǔ)法，both前后的成分保持并列，具有同一性質(zhì)。上文也提及了程序化決策。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

（19）上下文語(yǔ)義理解。eliminate“消除，排除”；satisfy“使?jié)M意”；increase“增加”；reduce“減少”。句意：它們作為一種資源，消除了做出新決定的需要。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

（20）上下文語(yǔ)義理解。minimize“最小化”；maximize“最大化”；make“制作，使”；employ“采用，雇用”。句意：您所取得的成功使您能夠繞過(guò)或?qū)Q策過(guò)程實(shí)現(xiàn)最小化。

11.單選題

China’sresponsetoNorthKorea’sshellingofYeonpyeongIslandtwoweeksagohasbeenremarkablyflaccid.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.firm

B.shrewd

C.ambiguous

D.limp

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)firm“堅(jiān)定的；牢固的；嚴(yán)格的；結(jié)實(shí)的；堅(jiān)決的；牢牢控制的；堅(jiān)挺的”；B選項(xiàng)shrewd“精明的；狡猾的；機(jī)靈的”；C選項(xiàng)ambiguous“模糊不清的，模棱兩可的；不明確的，不明朗的；引起歧義的”；D選項(xiàng)limp“柔軟的，無(wú)力的；軟弱的”。句意：中國(guó)對(duì)朝鮮兩周前炮擊延坪島的反應(yīng)，一直表現(xiàn)得非常遲緩。flaccid“松弛的，軟弱的；蔫軟的；無(wú)活力的；不見(jiàn)成效的”，D選項(xiàng)與該詞意思最相近，因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

12.單選題

The（

）preventsthepeopleinthetwoneighboringnationsfromlivinginpeace.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.brevity

B.amenity

C.enmity

D.fidelity

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。brevity“簡(jiǎn)潔”；amenity“舒適，愉悅”；enmity“敵意，憎恨”；fidelity“忠誠(chéng)”。題干中提到有一種東西會(huì)阻止兩鄰國(guó)友好相處，這種東西很明顯是enmity，選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

13.單選題

Thistypeofchair,easily____orfoldedaway,isidealforuseinthegarden.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.putout

B.putin

C.putup

D.putforth

【答案】C

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.putout熄滅B.putin投入（時(shí)間或精力）

C.putup使物體直立起來(lái)D.putforth提出

【答案】C

【考查點(diǎn)】詞組辨析與語(yǔ)義銜接

【解題思路】空格處所填短語(yǔ)的主語(yǔ)為“這種類型的椅子”，并且該短語(yǔ)與后文“折疊起來(lái)”并列，因此，C選項(xiàng)putup“使物體直立起來(lái)”與原句語(yǔ)義銜接最緊密，指的是把折疊椅打開(kāi)擺放。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、D選項(xiàng)與原句語(yǔ)義銜接不當(dāng)。

【句意】這種椅子易于擺放或折疊，非常適合在花園里使用。

14.單選題

_____wearehavingthesedays!

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Whatalovelyweather

B.Whatlovelyweathers

C.Whatlovelyweather

D.Whatlovelyaweather

【答案】C

【解析】考查what感嘆句結(jié)構(gòu)。What的用法有：What+a/an+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)，What+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式/不可數(shù)名詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)，weather為不可數(shù)名詞，所以選項(xiàng)C用法正確，其余均表述有誤。

15.單選題

Thefirehascausedgreatlosses,butthefactorytriedto______theconsequencesbysayingthatthedamagewasnotasseriousasreported.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.decrease

B.subtract

C.minimize

D.degrade

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)decrease“減少，減小”，強(qiáng)調(diào)事物逐漸減少的過(guò)程，主要是指數(shù)量、質(zhì)量等方面的減少；B選項(xiàng)subtract“減去”；C選項(xiàng)minimize“最小化，將……減到最小”；D選項(xiàng)degrade“降低（地位），貶低”。句意：這場(chǎng)火災(zāi)造成了巨大損失，但工廠表示損失沒(méi)有報(bào)道的嚴(yán)重，試圖將后果降到最低。

16.單選題

Theword“sophism”hasanunfavorableconnotationandmeansarguingdeceitfully,attemptingtoturnapoorcaseintoagoodonebymeansofcleverbut______reasoning.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.implacable

B.queer

C.fictitious

D.specious

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A項(xiàng)implacable“不能安撫的，難和解的”，B項(xiàng)queer“奇怪的，異常的”，C項(xiàng)fictitious“虛構(gòu)的，假想的”，D項(xiàng)specious“似是而非的，外表美觀的”。由meansarguingdeceitfully（意思是欺騙性地辯論）和turnapoorcaseintoagoodonebymeansofcleverbut______reasoning（通過(guò)聰明但______的推理把一個(gè)糟糕的案例變成一個(gè)好案例）可知，空格處填入D項(xiàng)符合。句意：“詭辯”這個(gè)詞有一個(gè)不利的含義，意思是欺騙性地辯論，試圖通過(guò)聰明但似是而非的推理把一個(gè)糟糕的案例變成一個(gè)好案例。因此，該題選擇D項(xiàng)。

17.單選題

______totheRevolutionaryWar,theUnitedStateswasanEnglishcolony.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Prior

B.Before

C.Preceding

D.Following

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配。A項(xiàng)prior“先前的，優(yōu)先的”，B項(xiàng)before“之前”，C項(xiàng)preceding“在……之前，在前的”，D項(xiàng)following“其次的，接著的”。根據(jù)句子可知，priorto固定搭配，表示“在……之前”。句意：獨(dú)立戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)之前，美國(guó)是英國(guó)的殖民地。因此，該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

18.單選題

Hurricanesarekillerwinds,andtheir（

）powerliesinthephysicaldamagetheycando.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.cumulative

B.destructive

C.turbulent

D.prevalent

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。cumulative意為“累積的”；destructive意為“破壞性的”；turbulent意為“騷亂的，混亂的”；prevalent意為“流行的，盛行的”。

句意：颶風(fēng)是致命風(fēng)，它們的破壞性力量在于它們所能造成的身體傷害。

19.單選題

Thepolicearesuspicious（

）hiswordsbecausehealreadyhasarecord.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.to

B.at

C.on

D.of

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定搭配。besuspiciousof“對(duì)……感到懷疑”。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。句意：警察對(duì)他的話感到懷疑因?yàn)樗呀?jīng)做好了記錄。

20.單選題

Thenationalbankhasbeenuncommonlypowerfulincomparisontoitscounterpartsinothernations.Itretainsthispotencypartlybecauseitscontrolofthenation’sbankingsystemisunencumberedbygovernmentalinterference,andthusitsactionsremainlargely_______.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.discretionary

B.bureaucratic

C.compulsory

D.lucrative

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)discretionary“自由決定