考研考博-英語-伊犁職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解1

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-伊犁職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.問答題

Thementakingpart,ontheotherhand,areclearlyrecognizable.Thereisnothingabout

theirappearancetosuggestthat

theybelongtoanentirelydifferentage.Thisillusioniscreatedby

A

bychangingfashions.Overtheyears,thegreatmajorityofmenhavesuccessfullyresistedall

B

C

attemptstomakeitchangetheirstyleofdress.Thesamecannotbesaidforwomen.

D

【答案】試題答案：D;them

【解析】考查代詞。由“thegreatmajorityofmen”可知此處對應(yīng)的代詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。

2.單選題

Anoisyaggressivecousinofthecrow,themagpiehasthosebird’sthievishhabits.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Anoisy

B.aggressive

C.those

D.habits

【答案】A

【解析】根據(jù)題意，如果noisy和aggressive是并列的關(guān)系，共同修飾cousin，那么應(yīng)該用and來連接，所以noisy應(yīng)該用來修飾aggressive，改為noisily副詞形式，句意：喜鵲是烏鴉吵鬧好斗的近親，也有鳥那種偷偷摸摸的習(xí)性。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

3.單選題

Someplantsare（）todiseaseandmustbetakengoodcareofforthewholegrowingperiod.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.fantastic

B.subordinate

C.susceptible

D.imperative

【答案】C

【解析】形容詞辨析題。fantastic極好的；subordinate從屬的，次要的；susceptible易受……影響的；imperative緊急的；必要的。句意：有些植物易受病害的影響，必須在整個(gè)生長過程中得到很好的照顧。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

4.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

Followingahealthymealplanisanessentialwaytogetmore_1_.Whateverplanyouchoose,be_2_toincludeavarietyof_3_foodsandavoidskippingmeals.Youwouldn’texpecttogetthe_4_performanceoutofyourcarifyoufilled_5_withlowgradefuel,orifyoudidn’tputanyfuelinitatall._6_yourbodyatleast_7_youtreatyourcar.

And,speakingofeating,beparticularlycarefulabout_8_foodsyouchoosetosnackonduringtheday.Whenyoustarttofeeltired,yourfirst_9_mightbetoheadtothenearestvendingmachine_10_abagofchipsoracandybar._11_thesefoodsmaygiveyouaquickfixofenergy,theywillsoon_12_youfeelingmoretiredthanyouwerebefore.Limityourintakeof_13_snacks,oreliminatethemfromyourdietaltogether._14_wastingyourchangeonvendingmachinefood,_15_packsomehealthysnacks_16_appleslicesorcarrotsticks?

Asforbeverages,therearehealthier_17_tocoffee,sugarysodaandthehighly-caffeinated“energy”drinks.Nexttimeyouhavetheurgetopouryourselfyet_18_mugofcoffee,trysomegreenteainstead(_19_haslesscaffeine).And,ifyouarelookingforanyaddedboost,youmightconsider_20_oneofthehealthiervarietiesof“energydrinks”onthemarket.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.energy

B.right

C.strength

D.power

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.patient

B.certain

C.careful

D.sure

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.necessary

B.healthy

C.specific

D.available

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.hopeful

B.most

C.maximum

D.essential

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.one

B.up

C.out

D.it

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.Treat

B.Face

C.Buildup

D.Copewith

問題7選項(xiàng)

A.asniceas

B.asfaras

C.aswellas

D.asgoodas

問題8選項(xiàng)

A.that

B.what

C.any

D.whichever

問題9選項(xiàng)

A.method

B.instinct

C.conclusion

D.suggestion

問題10選項(xiàng)

A.in

B.over

C.for

D.about

問題11選項(xiàng)

A.As

B.Since

C.And

D.Though

問題12選項(xiàng)

A.leave

B.take

C.allow

D.give

問題13選項(xiàng)

A.processing

B.processed

C.preparing

D.prepared

問題14選項(xiàng)

A.Otherthan

B.Exceptfor

C.Inviewof

D.Insteadof

問題15選項(xiàng)

A.howto

B.maybe

C.whynot

D.donot

問題16選項(xiàng)

A.like

B.for

C.to

D.as

問題17選項(xiàng)

A.ones

B.categories

C.alternatives

D.options

問題18選項(xiàng)

A.oneanother

B.another

C.other

D.anyother

問題19選項(xiàng)

A.which

B.it

C.one

D.that

問題20選項(xiàng)

A.totry

B.try

C.tried

D.trying

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:B

第5題:D

第6題:A

第7題:C

第8題:C

第9題:B

第10題:C

第11題:D

第12題:A

第13題:B

第14題:A

第15題:C

第16題:A

第17題:C

第18題:B

第19題:A

第20題:D

【解析】第1題:考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)“精力，活力”；B選項(xiàng)“左邊，權(quán)利，正確”；C選項(xiàng)“加強(qiáng)”；D選項(xiàng)“動(dòng)力”。句意：跟著一個(gè)健康的進(jìn)食計(jì)劃是獲取更多（）的關(guān)鍵。根據(jù)第二段第三行g(shù)iveyouaquickfixofenergy，我們可知這題選A。

第2題:考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)“耐心的”；B選項(xiàng)“清楚”；C選項(xiàng)“小心的”；D選項(xiàng)“確信的”。句意：無論你選什么樣的計(jì)劃，你都得（）。根據(jù)句意，這里排除A，C；空格后面有介詞to，certainto表“肯定，絕對”。ShelookscertaintowinanOscar.（她絕對會得奧斯卡），而sureto表“務(wù)必，確?！?。Besuretogiveyourfamilymyregards.（務(wù)必代我向你的家人問好）。所以這里答案應(yīng)該選D。

第3題:考查上下文文意。A選項(xiàng)“必要的”；B選項(xiàng)“健康的”；C選項(xiàng)“仔細(xì)的”；D選項(xiàng)“可供選擇的”。從第一句話Followingahealthymealplan里面的關(guān)鍵詞healthy，我們可以推斷這里選B。

第4題:考查上下文文意。A選項(xiàng)“有希望的”；B選項(xiàng)“大部分的”；C選項(xiàng)“最大化的”；D選項(xiàng)“必要的”。句意：你不會預(yù)期裝劣質(zhì)油卻要求你的車開出（）狀態(tài)。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞performance“性能”，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)只有B能與其搭配，所以答案選B。

第5題:考查固定搭配。句意：你不會預(yù)期車子加劣質(zhì)油卻要求你的車開出最佳狀態(tài)。根據(jù)句意應(yīng)該填與fill能夠搭配的詞或者直接填名詞或代詞作賓語，所以可以排除A。fillout“填寫，變大”代入句中不合邏輯，排除C選項(xiàng)；fillupwith“加滿”貌似符合題意，但是從句主語是you指的是人，人不可以裝滿油，應(yīng)該是車子裝滿油，所以排除B選項(xiàng)；答案應(yīng)該選D，用it指代車子作fill的賓語。

第6題:考查上下文文意。A選項(xiàng)“對待”；B選項(xiàng)“面對”；C選項(xiàng)“增進(jìn)，加強(qiáng)”；D選項(xiàng)“處理”。句意：至少（）你的身體要像對待你的車（）。根據(jù)這句的關(guān)鍵詞treat，可知空格處也應(yīng)該填treat。B，C，D選項(xiàng)代入句中也不符合邏輯。

第7題:考查詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)“和……一樣好”；B選項(xiàng)“至于，和……一樣遠(yuǎn)”；C選項(xiàng)“和……一樣，以及”；D選項(xiàng)“幾乎一樣”。句意：至少對待你的身體（）對待你的車子。根據(jù)句意這里應(yīng)該填C。我們不能斷言所有人都很愛惜自己的車子，所以不能選A。

第8題:考查從句連接詞。句意：談到吃的，特別要關(guān)注這些你在白天當(dāng)零食的（）食物。根據(jù)句子分析snack在句子中作becarefulabout的賓語，snack后面接定語從句因?yàn)橄刃性~在food后面作賓語所以省略了that，所以food前面不接從句連接詞，否則會造成從句沒有謂語，所以我們選C。

第9題:考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)“方式，途徑”；B選項(xiàng)“本能，直覺”；C選項(xiàng)“結(jié)論”；D選項(xiàng)“建議”。句意：當(dāng)你餓了，你的第一（）肯定是找離你最近的售賣機(jī)。根據(jù)句意，答案選B，其他選項(xiàng)不符合邏輯。

第10題:考查介詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)“在……里面”；B選項(xiàng)“在……之上”；C選項(xiàng)“為了”；D選項(xiàng)“關(guān)于”。句意：當(dāng)你餓了，你的第一反應(yīng)肯定是找離你最近的售賣機(jī)（）一包薯片或者一根糖。根據(jù)生活邏輯，找販賣機(jī)和一包零食之間存在目的關(guān)系的，所以答案選C。

第11題:考查上下文文意。A選項(xiàng)“因?yàn)椤保籅選項(xiàng)“自從，因?yàn)椤保籆選項(xiàng)“以及”；D選項(xiàng)“盡管”。根據(jù)這句的quickfix以及后面的moretired可知，這里存在著一個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，而選項(xiàng)中表轉(zhuǎn)折的詞只有Though，所以答案選D。

第12題:考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)“讓……處于某種狀態(tài)，離開”；B選項(xiàng)“拿走”；C選項(xiàng)“要求”；D選項(xiàng)“給”。句意：它們會讓你很快（）覺得自己比以前更累了。根據(jù)句意，這里選擇A選項(xiàng)。糖果一段時(shí)間后會讓你感覺自己處在一種比以前更累的狀態(tài)。

第13題:考查上下文語義。句意：限制自己（）食物的攝入。這句話是一個(gè)祈使句，去掉括號的選項(xiàng)也不缺主要成分，所以括號內(nèi)應(yīng)該填一個(gè)形容詞來修飾食物。根據(jù)句意C，D選項(xiàng)可以排除。由專有名詞“加工食物”processedfood，可以推斷這里答案選B。

第14題:考查詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)“除了”；B選項(xiàng)“除了……之外”；C選項(xiàng)“鑒于”；D選項(xiàng)“代替，而不是”。句意：（）浪費(fèi)你的錢在售賣機(jī)的食物上。把選項(xiàng)代入句中，可以排除C，D選項(xiàng)。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞wasting以及后面的healthysnacks，我們可知這里作者對買售賣機(jī)里面的零食是不贊同的，而且是建議用有益健康的零食來替代加工食品，所以答案選A。B選項(xiàng)雖然和A選項(xiàng)意思相近但是它有暗含，除了做這件事好/不好，做其他另外的事也好/不好，所以這里答案不能選B。

第15題:考查上下文語義。A選項(xiàng)“怎么做”；B選項(xiàng)“也許”；C選項(xiàng)“為什么不”；D選項(xiàng)“沒有”。句意：（）打包一些健康的零食……？。該選項(xiàng)的關(guān)鍵是該句中末尾的問號，問號構(gòu)成反問句，所以我們這題符合邏輯的是答案C。

第16題:考查上下文語義。A選項(xiàng)“喜歡，例如”；B選項(xiàng)：“為了”；C選項(xiàng)：“朝著”；D選項(xiàng)“如同像什么一樣”。句意：為什么不打包一些健康的零食（）蘋果片或者蘿卜棒？蘋果片和蘿卜棒是兩種健康零食，所以文章中這里是在舉例子，答案選A；如果要用as舉例子的話需要和such連用。

第17題:考查固定搭配。A選項(xiàng)“一個(gè)”；B選項(xiàng)“種類”；C選項(xiàng)“替代品”；D選項(xiàng)“選擇”。句意：至于飲料，這里有比咖啡、含糖蘇打水和高咖啡因的“能量”飲料更健康的（）。根據(jù)句子的關(guān)鍵詞to，所以這里選C。

第18題:考查上下文。句意：下一次你迫切需要使自己清醒（）杯咖啡。這里結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，需要填的詞義是“另一杯”；yetanother是固定搭配，所以答案選B。如果這里作轉(zhuǎn)折連詞選擇其他選項(xiàng)，又會造成后面一句話只有主語沒有謂語。

第19題:考查從句引導(dǎo)詞。句意：（）所含的咖啡因更少。答案選A，括號里的內(nèi)容相當(dāng)于一個(gè)非限制性定語從句，所以只能用which引導(dǎo)。如果當(dāng)成定語從句選that的話應(yīng)該把括號內(nèi)的內(nèi)容放在instead的前面。選B選項(xiàng)應(yīng)該把it大寫I。

第20題:考查非謂語形式。句意：你可以（）在市場上多種多樣的“功能飲料”。根據(jù)句中關(guān)鍵詞consider可以排除B，C，選B選項(xiàng)會造成句子兩個(gè)謂語，consider后面不可以接過去分詞；considerto“認(rèn)為”；considerdoingsth“考慮做某事”。這里根據(jù)句意我們選擇D。

5.單選題

Youneverseehim,butthey’rewithyoueverytimeyoufly.Theyrecordwhereyouaregoing,howfastyou’retravelingandwhethereverythingonyourairplaneisfunctioningnormally.Theirabilitytowithstandalmostanydisastermakesthemseemlikesomethingoutofacomicbook.They'reknownastheblackbox.

Whenplanesfallfromthesky,asaYemeniairlinerdidonitswaytoComorosIslandsintheIndiaoceanJune30,2009,theblackboxisthebestbetforidentifyingwhatwentwrong.SowhenaFrenchsubmarinedetecteddevice’shomingsignalfivedayslater,thediscoverymarkedahugesteptowarddeterminingthecauseofatragedyinwhich152passengerswerekilled.

In1958,AustralianscientistDavidWarrendevelopedaflight-memoryrecorderthatwouldtrackbasicinformationlikealtitudeanddirection.Thatwasthefirstmodeforablackbox,whichbecamearequirementonallU.S.commercialflightsby1960.Earlymodelsoftenfailedtowithstandcrashes,however,soin1965theboxwascompletelyredesignedandmovedtothebackoftheplane-thearealeastaffectedbyimpact-fromitsoriginalpositioninthelandingwells(起落架艙).Thesameyear,theFederalAviationAuthorityrequiredthattheboxes,whichwereneveractuallyblack,bepaintedorangeoryellowtobediscoveredmoreeasily.

Modemairplaneshavetwoblackboxes:avoicerecorder,whichtrackspilots’conversations,andaflight-datarecorder,whichmonitorsfuellevels,enginenoisesandotheroperatingfunctionsthathelpinvestigatorsreconstructtheaircraft’sfinalmoments.Placedinaninsulatedcaseandsurroundedbyaquarter-inch-thickpanelsofstainlesssteel,theboxescanwithstandmassiveforceandtemperaturesupto2,000'F.Whensubmerged,they’realsoabletoemitsignalsfromdepthsof20,000ft.ExpertsbelievetheboxesfromAirFranceFlight447,whichcrashednearBrazilonJune1.2009,areinwaternearlythatdeep,butstatisticssaythey'restilllikelytoturnup.Intheapproximately20deep-seacrashesoverthepast30years,onlyoneplane’sblackboxeswereneverrecovered.

1.Whatdoestheauthorsayabouttheblackbox?

2.WhatinformationcouldbefoundfromtheblackboxontheYemeniairliner?

3.Whywastheblackboxredesignedin1965?

4.WhydidtheFederalAviationAuthorityrequiretheblackboxesbepaintedorangeoryellow?

5.WhatdoweknowabouttheblackboxesfromAirFranceFlight447?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Itensuresthenormalfunctioningofanairplane.

B.Theideaforitsdesigncomesfromacomicbook.

C.Itsabilitytowardoffdisasterisincredible.

D.Itisanindispensabledeviceonanairplane.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Dataforanalyzingthecauseofthecrash.

B.Thetotalnumberofpassengersonboard.

C.Thesceneofthecrashandextentofthedamage.

D.Homingsignalssentbythepilotbeforethecrash.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Newmaterialsbecameavailablebythattime.

B.Toomuchspacewasneededforitsinstallation.

C.Theearlymodelsoftengotdamagedinthecrash.

D.Theearlymodelsdidn’tprovidetheneededdata.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Todistinguishthemfromthecolouroftheplane.

B.Tocautionpeopletohandlethemwithcare.

C.Tomakethemeasilyidentifiable.

D.Toconformtointernationalstandards.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Thereisstillagoodchanceoftheirbeingrecovered.

B.Thereisanurgentneedforthemtobereconstructed

C.Theyhavestoppedsendinghorningsignals.

D.TheyweredestroyedsomewherenearBrazil

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.根據(jù)第一段…whethereverythingonyourairplaneisfunctioningnormally.確定A選項(xiàng)正確。選項(xiàng)B設(shè)計(jì)理念來自漫畫書。與原文不符。根據(jù)第一段Theirabilitytowithstandalmostanydisaster...沒有提到incredible這個(gè)詞，確定C選項(xiàng)不正確。D選項(xiàng)在文中未提及。所以A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

2.根據(jù)第二段：...thediscoverymarkedahugesteptowarddeterminingthecauseofatragedy...:這一發(fā)現(xiàn)為查找失事原因邁進(jìn)了一步。由此推斷A選項(xiàng)分析失事原因的數(shù)據(jù)。B選項(xiàng)機(jī)上共有多少名乘客，這一數(shù)字是在飛機(jī)起飛前就確定的。C選項(xiàng)失事場景以及損毀范圍。與原文不符。D選項(xiàng)飛機(jī)失事前，飛行員發(fā)出的歸航信號。這一信號是黑匣子發(fā)出來的，與原文不符。所以A選項(xiàng)正確。

3.根據(jù)第三段：Earlymodelsoftenfailedtowithstandcrashes...早期的模型沒有發(fā)揮避險(xiǎn)作用。確定C選項(xiàng)早期模型在飛機(jī)失事中被損壞正確。A選項(xiàng)在那時(shí)找到新的制作材料。原文未提及。B選項(xiàng)需要填充太多的空間。與原文不符。D選項(xiàng)早期的模型沒有提供必要的數(shù)據(jù)。與原文不符。所以C選項(xiàng)正確。

4.根據(jù)第三段：...bepaintedorangeoryellowtobediscoveredmoreeasily：涂上桔色或黃色的漆以便于發(fā)現(xiàn)。確定C選項(xiàng)使之更易辨認(rèn)正確。A:將其與飛機(jī)的顏色區(qū)分開。B選項(xiàng)警告人們要小心處置。D選項(xiàng)與國際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)一致。原文都未提及。所以C選項(xiàng)正確。

5.根據(jù)最后一段：Whensubmerged,they'realsoabletoemitsignalsfromdepthsof20,000ft.當(dāng)黑匣子被潛入到20000ft深水中時(shí)也能發(fā)射出信號。ExpertsbelievetheboxesfromAirFranceFlight447...areinwaternearlythatdeep,butstatisticssaythey'restilllikelytoturnup.研究者相信法國447號飛行器潛入到水里大概就是這個(gè)深度，根據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)，他們?nèi)耘f可能出現(xiàn)。確定A選項(xiàng)它們被發(fā)現(xiàn)的可能性很大正確。B選項(xiàng)急需重新建造它們，與原文不符。C選項(xiàng)他們停止發(fā)送歸航信號，原文未提及。D選項(xiàng)它們在巴西附近某處被損壞，與原文不符。所以A選項(xiàng)正確。

6.單選題

HispastaffectionforJane（）anynewrelationshipimpossibleforhim.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.resented

B.rendered

C.repelled

D.resorted

【答案】B

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析題。resent厭惡，憎恨；render致使，提出；repel擊退，抵制；resort求助，訴諸。句意：他過去對Jane的感情致使他無法開始一段新戀情。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

7.單選題

WoodcarvingbeganasanecessityinAmericaanddevelopedintoanart.Becauseofthelackofothermaterials,earlysettlerswereforcedtomaketoolsandutensilsoutofwood.Atfirst,thesearticleswerewhittledwithaknife,butwhenpioneercraftsmensetuptheirprimitiveshopsmostofthemwerefashionedonalathe—amachinewhichholdsanobjectandrotatesitwhileitisbeingshapedbyatool.

However,evenafterMassachusetts-bornThomasBlancharddesignedalathewhichcouldturnirregularshapes—aninnovationthat,madepossiblemassproductionofgunstocks,shoelasts,oblongandsquarewoodware—craftsmenwhocoulduseknifeandchiselskillfullywerestillindemand.Somefoundreadyemploymentinshopsofcabinet-makersandchair-makers,whileotherscarveddecoys(捕獸的圈套).Stillothersspecializedincreatingshopsigns,shipfigureheads,orindecoratinginteriorwoodwork.Afewevenacceptedcommissionstomakebusts(半身像)ofprominentcitizens.

36.ThispassagemostlikelycamefromalongerworkaboutearlyAmerican（）.

37.Thepassagesuggeststhattheearlyshopsformakingtoolswere（）.

38.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat,beforeThomasBlanchard’sinvention,lathes（）.

39.Whichofthefollowingobjectwasanimportantwood-workingtoolusedbyearlyAmericancraftsmen?

40.Accordingtothepassage,whenwoodenarticlesbegantobemass-produced,whatdidmanyindividualwood-workersdo?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.artsandcrafts

B.politicalleaders

C.loggingindustries

D.fashiondesign

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.notverysophisticated

B.knownfordoingveryquickwork

C.dependentonimportedmaterials

D.frequentedonlybyfashionablepeople

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.werenotmadeofwood

B.couldnotproducesquareobjects

C.werefoundonlyincabinmakingshops

D.couldbeusedtomakemosttoolsandutensils

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Abust

B.Adecoy

C.Afigurehead

D.Achisel

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.TheymovedoutofMassachusetts.

B.Theyfoundwoodmakingspecializeditems.

C.Theymadedemandsongovernmentleaders.

D.Theytookjobsonshipsassailors.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:B

【解析】36.推理判斷題。A選項(xiàng)artsandcrafts“藝術(shù)與手工藝”；B選項(xiàng)politicalleaders“政治領(lǐng)袖”；C選項(xiàng)loggingindustries“木材業(yè)”；D選項(xiàng)fashiondesign“時(shí)裝設(shè)計(jì)”。定位在第一段第一句WoodcarvingbeganasanecessityinAmericaanddevelopedintoanart.（在美國，木雕開始是作為必需品，然后發(fā)展成為一門藝術(shù)。）本文主要圍繞本句展開討論，故選A。

37.推理判斷題。關(guān)鍵詞定位在第一段末尾句Atfirst,thesearticleswerewhittledwithaknife,butwhenpioneercraftsmensetuptheirprimitiveshopsmostofthemwerefashionedonalathe—amachinewhichholdsanobjectandrotatesitwhileitisbeingshapedbyatool.（起初，這些物品是用刀來切割的，但先驅(qū)工匠們建立他們原始的店鋪時(shí)，大多數(shù)物品都是在車床上加工的。車床是一種機(jī)器，它可以固定物體，并能在物體旋轉(zhuǎn)的同時(shí)進(jìn)行加工。）而第二段中craftsmenwhocoulduseknifeandchiselskillfullywerestillindemand.（能熟練運(yùn)用刀和鑿子的工匠仍然供不應(yīng)求。）由此可知，制作工具的早期商店還是不夠精細(xì)的。A選項(xiàng)“不是很有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的；不是很精致”，B選項(xiàng)“以工作速度快而聞名”，C選項(xiàng)“依賴進(jìn)口材料”，D選項(xiàng)“只有懂時(shí)尚的人才會光顧”，BCD選項(xiàng)原文中并未提及，故選A。

38.推理判斷題。定位在第二段的第一句However,evenafterMassachusetts-bornThomasBlancharddesignedalathecouldturnirregularshapes…（然而，即使是出生在馬薩諸塞州的托馬斯?布蘭查德設(shè)計(jì)的一臺車床也只能加工不規(guī)則形狀的物體。）由此可以推理出在他發(fā)明的車床之前都是不能加工出有規(guī)則形狀的物體。由此可知B選項(xiàng)“不能制造正方形的物體”正確。A選項(xiàng)“不是用木頭做的”，文章并未介紹車床制作的材料。C選項(xiàng)“只能在櫥柜店看到”屬于無中生有。D選項(xiàng)“可以用來制造大多數(shù)工具和器皿”根據(jù)原文Becauseofthelackofothermaterials,earlysettlerswereforcedtomaketoolsandutensilsoutofwood.（由于缺乏其他材料，早期的定居者被迫用木頭制造工具和器皿。）可以知道早期的車床只能做出木質(zhì)的工具和器皿。可知D選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。故選B。

39.客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。定位在第二段第一句的末尾處craftsmanwhocoulduseknifeandchiselskillfullywerestillindemand.（能夠熟練使用刀和鑿子的工匠仍然供不應(yīng)求。）可知D選項(xiàng)“鑿子”為正確答案。A選項(xiàng)“半身像”，B選項(xiàng)“捕獸的圈套”，C選項(xiàng)“裝飾船頭的人像”，A，B，C選項(xiàng)皆為成品，并不是工具類的物品，不屬于工具，故選D。

40.推理判斷題。定位在第二段的最后三句Somefoundreadyemploymentinshopsofcabinet-makersandchair-makers,whileotherscarveddecoys.Stillothersspecializedincreatingshopsigns,shipfigureheads,orindecoratinginteriorwoodwork.Afewevenacceptedcommissionstomakebustsofprominentcitizens.（一些準(zhǔn)備在櫥柜和椅子制造商中就業(yè)，而其他人雕刻捕獸的圈套。甚至，其他人專門做店鋪招牌、裝飾船頭的人像或者裝飾室內(nèi)木制品。一部分木雕師甚至接受任務(wù)給名人做上半身塑像?！保┮虼丝芍?，個(gè)體木工們找到并細(xì)分了自己這塊工作的方向。由此可知，B選項(xiàng)“他們找到了木工制作的專門事項(xiàng)”正確。A選項(xiàng)“他們搬出了馬薩諸塞州”，C選項(xiàng)“他們向政府領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人提出要求”，D選項(xiàng)“他們在船上當(dāng)水手”ACD選項(xiàng)在原文中并未提及，故選B。

8.單選題

Althoughheisveryrich,hisundutifulchildrenarethe______ofhislife.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.torch

B.torment

C.topic

D.topper

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A項(xiàng)torch“火把、火炬”；B項(xiàng)torment“折磨、痛苦”；C項(xiàng)topic“主題”；D項(xiàng)topper“第一流人物、大禮帽”；句意：雖然他很有錢，但他那些不孝順的孩子是他生活中的折磨。因此該題B項(xiàng)正確。

9.單選題

Thereisno（）forhardworkandperseveranceofyouwanttosucceed.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.alteration

B.equivalent

C.alternative

D.substitute

【答案】C

【解析】本題考查了名詞的辨析。alteration“改變；變化”；equivalent“相等的”；alternative“可供選擇的事物”；substitute“代替”，根據(jù)“勤奮和堅(jiān)持”與“成功”之間的關(guān)系，我們可以知道一般來說“勤奮和堅(jiān)持”是“成功”的必要條件，所以想要成功，除了“勤奮和堅(jiān)持”之外就沒有別的選擇符合邏輯，故正確答案為選項(xiàng)C。句意為：你想成功的話，除了勤奮和堅(jiān)持之外你沒有別的選擇。

10.單選題

Whiletyping,Kathyhadahabitofstopping（）ogiveherlongandflowinghairasmooth.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.promptly

B.simultaneously

C.eventually

D.occasionally

【答案】D

【解析】副詞辨析。句意：在打字的時(shí)候，凱西停下來梳理一下她柔順的長發(fā)的習(xí)慣。promptly敏捷地，迅速地；simultaneously同時(shí)地；eventually最終，最后；occasionally偶爾。因此，D項(xiàng)符合句意。

11.單選題

Eyecontactisanonverbaltechniquethathelpsthespeaker“sell”hisorherideastoanaudience.Besidesitspersuasivepowers,eyecontacthelpsholdlistenerinterest.

Asuccessfulspeakermustmaintaineyecontactwithanaudience.Tohavegoodrapport(關(guān)系)withlisteners,aspeakershouldmaintaindirecteyecontactforatleast75percentofthetime.Somespeakersfocusexclusivelyontheirnotes.Othersgazeovertheheadsoftheirlisteners.Botharelikelytoloseaudienceinterestandesteem.Peoplewhomaintaineyecontactwhilespeaking,whetherfromapodium(演講臺)orfromacrossthetable,are“regardednotonlyasexceptionallywell-disposedbytheirtargetbutalsoasmorebelievableandearnest.”

Toshowthepotencyofeyecontactindailylife,wehaveonlytoconsiderhowpassers-bybehavewhentheirglanceshappentomeetonthestreet.Atoneextremearethosepeoplewhofeelobligedtosmilewhentheymakeeyecontact.Attheotherextremearethosewhofeelawkwardandimmediatelylookaway.Tomakeeyecontact,itseems,istomakeacertainlinkwithsomeone.

Eyecontactwithanaudiencealsoletsaspeakerknowandmonitorthelisteners.Itis,infact,essentialforanalyzinganaudienceduringaspeech.Visualcues(暗示)fromaudiencememberscanindicatethataspeechisdragging,thatthespeakerisdwellingonaparticularpointfortoolong,orthataparticularpointrequiresfurtherexplanation.Aswehavepointedout,visualfeedbackfromlistenersshouldplayanimportantroleinshapingaspeechasitisdelivered.

1.Thispassageismainlyconcernedwith______.

2.Accordingtothepassage,agoodspeakermust______.

3.Theword“target”inthelastsentenceofthesecondparagraphcanbestbereplacedby______.

4.Indailylife,whentheglancesoftwopassers-byhappentomeet,thesetwopersonswillinevitably______.

5.Eyecontactwithanaudience,accordingtotheauthor,hasallthefollowingbenefitsforthespeakerEXCEPTthatitdoesn’t______.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.theimportanceofeyecontact

B.thepotencyofnonverbaltechniques

C.successfulspeechdelivery

D.aneffectivewaytogainvisualfeedbacks

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.“sell”hisorherideastoanaudience

B.maintaindirecteyecontactwithlisteners

C.beverypersuasiveandbelievable

D.beexceptionallywell-disposed

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.“destination”

B.“goal”

C.“audience”

D.“followers”

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.smiletoeachother

B.feelawkwardandlookawayimmediately

C.trytomakeaconversationwitheachother

D.noneoftheabove

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.helpthespeakertocontroltheaudience

B.helpthespeakertogainaudienceinterestandesteem

C.helpthespeakertoknowwhetherheistalkingtoomuchaboutacertainpoint

D.helpthespeakertoanalyzehisaudiencewhenheisbeginninghisspeech

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:D

【解析】1.主旨大意題。結(jié)合全文可知，文章首先提出了目光接觸這個(gè)技巧，接著介紹了具體的做法以及它發(fā)揮的重要作用。因此A選項(xiàng)“目光接觸的重要性”最符合文章主旨。B選項(xiàng)“非語言技巧的效力”，文章只介紹了目光接觸這一種非語言技巧，而不是對非語言技巧效力的概述，所以B錯(cuò)誤。C選項(xiàng)“成功的演講”，良好的目光接觸只是成功演講的因素之一，C選項(xiàng)過于寬泛，所以C錯(cuò)誤。D選項(xiàng)“獲得視覺反饋的一種有效方法”只是目光接觸的作用之一，不能全面地概括文章主旨，所以D錯(cuò)誤。

2.客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干可以定位到文章第二段第一句Asuccessfulspeakermustmaintaineyecontactwithanaudience.（一個(gè)成功的演講者必須與聽眾保持目光接觸。），說明本文認(rèn)為成功的演講者必須與聽眾保持目光接觸。因此B選項(xiàng)“與聽眾保持直接的目光接觸”正確。A選項(xiàng)“向聽眾‘推銷’他或她的想法”，C選項(xiàng)“具有很強(qiáng)的說服力和可信度”，D選項(xiàng)“非常友好”都是保持目光接觸起到的作用和結(jié)果，所以A,C,D錯(cuò)誤。

3.語義推測題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“target”可以定位到文章第二段最后一句Peoplewhomaintaineyecontactwhilespeaking,whetherfromapodiumorfromacrossthetable,are“regardednotonlyasexceptionallywell-disposedbytheirtargetbutalsoasmorebelievableandearnest.”（無論是在講臺上還是在桌子對面講話時(shí)，保持目光接觸的人“不僅會被他們的聽眾視為非常友好的人，而且會被視為更可信、更認(rèn)真的人?！保?，說明“target”在文中是指“講話的聽眾”的意思。因此C選項(xiàng)“聽眾”正確。A選項(xiàng)“目的地”，B選項(xiàng)“目標(biāo)”，D選項(xiàng)“追隨者”均不符合題意，所以A,B,D錯(cuò)誤。

4.推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章第三段Toshowthepotencyofeyecontactindailylife,wehaveonlytoconsiderhowpassers-bybehavewhentheirglanceshappentomeetonthestreet.Atoneextremearethosepeoplewhofeelobligedtosmilewhentheymakeeyecontact.Attheotherextremearethosewhofeelawkwardandimmediatelylookaway.Tomakeeyecontact,itseems,istomakeacertainlinkwithsomeone.（為了顯示目光交流在日常生活中的作用，我們只需要考慮路人在街上偶然相遇時(shí)的目光是如何表現(xiàn)的。一個(gè)極端是那些在目光接觸時(shí)覺得必須微笑的人。另一種極端是那些感到尷尬，會立刻把目光移開的人。進(jìn)行目光交流，似乎是為了與某人建立某種聯(lián)系。），說明在日常生活中在這種情況下，不同的人有不同的反應(yīng)或表現(xiàn)，并不是非做出某種表現(xiàn)或反應(yīng)不可。A選項(xiàng)“向?qū)Ψ轿⑿Α保珺選項(xiàng)“感到尷尬并立即移開目光”是兩種極端的情況，不代表一定會發(fā)生，所以A,B錯(cuò)誤。C選項(xiàng)“試圖與對方進(jìn)行交談”，建立聯(lián)系不一定意味著進(jìn)行談話，所以C錯(cuò)誤。因此D選項(xiàng)“以上都不是”正確。

5.客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。A選項(xiàng)“幫助演講者控制聽眾”，由原文Eyecontactisanonverbaltechniquethathelpsthespeaker“sell”hisorherideastoanaudience.（目光接觸是一種非語言技巧，有助于演講者向聽眾“推銷”他或她的想法。）可知，目光接觸有助于讓聽眾認(rèn)同演講者的想法，是對聽眾的一種控制，A選項(xiàng)屬于目光接觸的好處，排除A。B選項(xiàng)“幫助演講者獲得聽眾的興趣和尊重”，由原文Somespeakersfocusexclusivelyontheirnotes.Othersgazeovertheheadsoftheirlisteners.Botharelikelytoloseaudienceinterestandesteem.（有些演講者只專注于他們的筆記。有些人的目光越過聽眾的頭頂。兩種做法都有可能失去觀眾的興趣和尊重。）可知，目光接觸有助于演講者獲得聽眾的興趣和尊重，B選項(xiàng)屬于目光接觸的好處，排除B。C選項(xiàng)“幫助演講者了解他是否在某一點(diǎn)上說得太多了”，由原文Visualcuesfromaudiencememberscanindicatethataspeechisdragging,thatthespeakerisdwellingonaparticularpointfortoolong（聽眾的視覺線索可以表明演講拖沓，演講者在某一點(diǎn)上停留的時(shí)間過長）可知，目光接觸有助于演講者了解自己的演講是否冗長，C選項(xiàng)屬于目光接觸的好處，排除C。D選項(xiàng)“幫助演講者在開始演講時(shí)分析他的聽眾”，由原文Eyecontactwithanaudiencealsoletsaspeakerknowandmonitorthelisteners.Itis,infact,essentialforanalyzinganaudienceduringaspeech.（與聽眾的目光接觸也能讓演講者了解并觀察聽眾。事實(shí)上，這對于在演講中分析聽眾是必不可少的。）可知，目光接觸有助于演講者在演講全程分析聽眾，而不只是演講開始時(shí)，D選項(xiàng)表述不符合原文，所以本題選D。

12.單選題

Ididn’tknowitthen,butthisdisruptivewayofreadingstartedwiththeveryfirstnovelIeverpickedup.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.harmful

B.persistent

C.interruptive

D.characteristic

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。disruptive在句中是“破壞性的，擾亂性的”；A選項(xiàng)harmful“有害的”；B選項(xiàng)persistent“持久穩(wěn)固的”；C選項(xiàng)interruptive“中斷的，阻礙的”；D選項(xiàng)characteristic“有特征的”，句意：我當(dāng)時(shí)不知道，但這種顛覆性的閱讀方式始于我撿到的第一本小說。因此只有C項(xiàng)符合。

13.單選題

Thejournalistgotthe（

）newsthatthefamousactresswouldchangeherhusbandfortheseventhtime.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.sentimental

B.sensational

C.sensible

D.sensitive

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。sentimental意為“傷感的，多情的，多愁善感的”；sensational意為“轟動(dòng)的，引起嘩然的”；sensible意為“明智的，理智的，合理的”；sensitive意為“敏感的，易受傷害的”。

句意：這位記者得到了一個(gè)轟動(dòng)的消息，那就是這位著名女演員將第七次更換丈夫。

14.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

WouldyoustopbuyingApple’sproductsifitdecidedtohelptheFBIopenaterroristsiPhone?Ithoughtnot.

WhichistosaythatAppleCEOTimCook,inhisrefusaltohelptheFBIbreakintoiphones,isaheadofmostofthepopulation.Butmaybenotallthatfarahead.Hisverypublicstancemighteventurnouttobethesmartestthinghe’sdoneforApplesincebecomingCEO.

Weallgiveourprivacyawayeveryday,constantly,toapanoplyofentities.IactuallysnortedalaughwhenFacebookandGoogleproclaimedtheirsupportforCook’sposition.FacebookandGooglehordemoredataaboutusthananyothercommercialentitiesandmakebillionsofdollarsonit.Remember,theirproductsarefree;theircorebusinessissellingthedetailsofourlivestoadvertisers.

Atthemoment,whenmostconsumerssaythey’reconcernedaboutprivacy,they’rekiddingthemselves.ArecentsurveybyTRUSTeandtheNationalCyberSecurityAlliancefoundthat92percentofrespondentswhousetheInternetsaidtheyworryaboutonlineprivacy,yet89percentdonotavoidbusinessestheyfeelarenotrespectingtheirprivacy.

Inotherwords,ouranxietiesaboutthisstuffarecompletelydisconnectedfromouractions.

Andencroachmentsonourprivacyareonlygoingtogetworse.WearableslikeFitbits,smarthomedeviceslikeNest,connectedcarsandInternetofThingssensorsareallcreatingevermoredataaboutevermoredetailedandintimateaspectsofourlives.Artificialintelligencesoftwarecanstitchtogetherdifferentkindsofdatatopaintaridiculouslyaccuratepictureofanindividual.

Inmanyways,wewelcomethis—thebettertechnologyknowsus,thebetteritcanserveus.Butatwhatpointdoestheexploitationofourdetailsturnfromconvenienceintoinvasion?Anddon’twewantcontrolofthatknobtounderstandanddecidewhatwe’reagreeingtoshare?

Cookismakingusthinkaboutallthatnow.Domostpeoplecaremuchaboutthisonecase,thisonephone?Notlikely.Butthisfightismakingusrealizethatweneedtomakesomedecisions,individuallyandasasociety,aboutdigitalprivacybeforeitgetsawayfromus.AcynicmightsayApplecanaffordtotakethisstandbecauseitdoesn’trelyonsellingadvertisingasabusinessmodel.Buteverycompanyshouldtakethepublic’sinterestinApple’sdecisiontoheart.Privacyisrisingtoanewlevelofawareness.

Apple,sooftenontheforefront,seemstoknowthis.TheFBIsaidCook’sstandisamarketingploy.InCook’slettertocustomers,hesnorted,“Absolutelynot.Nothingcouldbefurtherfromthetruth.”Headded,“Thisisandalwayshasbeenaboutourcustomers.Wefeelstronglythatifweweretodowhatthegovernmenthasaskedofus-tocreateabackdoortoourproducts—notonlyisitunlawfulbutitputsthevastmajorityofgoodandlaw—abidingcitizens,whorelyoniphonetoprotecttheirmostpersonalandimportantdata,atrisk.”

So,really,Cooks’positionmaynotbeaploy.Itcouldturnouttobebrilliantmarketing.

1.WhydidtheauthorsnortalaughwhenFacebookandGoogleproclaimedtheirsupportforCook’sposition?

2.Whatdoestheword“encroachment”inparagraph6mean?

3.ThefollowingdevicesarecreatingmoredataaboutourlivesinamoredetailedandintimatewayEXCEPT（）.

4.Whatcanweinferfromthispassage?

5.Thebesttitleforthispassagewouldbe（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Becausetheydidn’tagreewithCookfromthebottomoftheirhearts.

B.Becausetheypossessedmoreinformationaboutusthananyothercommercialentities.

C.BecausetheymadebillionsofdollarsbysupportingApple.

D.Becausetheydidn’tcareabouttheirclientsprivacyatall.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.protection

B.violation

C.promotion

D.exploitation

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Truste

B.InternetofThingssensors

C.WearableslikeFitbits

D.SmarthomedeviceslikeNest

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Cook’srefusalisregardedasameretacticbythegeneralpublic.

B.Allcompaniesthatprovidefreeproductsaresellingdetailsofourlivestoadvertisers.

C.Mostpeoplesaytheyareconcernedabouttheirprivacybutactuallytheyfailtopaymuchattentiontoit.

D.EverycompanyshouldlearnfromApples’businessmodels.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Awarenessofprivacyprotectionshouldbepromoted

B.WhetherCook’srefusalisjustaploy

C.ThebattlebetweenFBIandApple

D.HowTimCookaimstoprofitfromprotectin