考研考博-英語-內(nèi)蒙古商貿(mào)職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解1

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-內(nèi)蒙古商貿(mào)職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共120題)1.不定項選擇題

WildBillDonovanwouldhavelovedtheInternet.TheAmericanSpymasterwhobuilttheOfficeofStrategicServicesintheWorldWarIIandlaterlaidtherootsfortheCIAwasfascinatedwithinformation.Donovanbelievedinusingwhatevertoolscametohandinthegreatgameofespionage—spyingasa“profession”.ThesedaystheNet,whichhasalreadyremadesucheverydaypastimesasbuyingbooksandsendingmail,isreshapingDonovan’svocationaswell.

Thelatestrevolutionisn’tsimplyamatterofgentlemenreadingothergentlemen’se-mail.Thatkindofelectronicspyinghasbeengoingonfordecades.Inthepastthreeorfouryears,theWorldWideWebhasgivenbirthtoawholeindustryofpoint-and-clickspying.Thespookscallit“open-sourceintelligence”,andastheNetgrows,itisbecomingincreasinglyinfluential.In1995theCIAheldacontesttoseewhocouldcompilethemostdataaboutBurundi.Thewinner,byalargemargin,wasatinyVirginiacompanycalledOpenSourceSolutions,whoseclearadvantagewasitsmasteryoftheelectronicworld.

AmongthefirmsmakingthebiggestsplashinthisnewworldisStraitford,Inc.,aprivateintelligence-analysisfirmbasedinAustin,Texas.Straitfordmakesmoneybysellingtheresultsofspying(coveringnationsfromChiletoRussia)tocorporationslikeenergy-servicesfirmMcDermottInternational.Manyofitspredictionsareavailableonlineatwww.S.

StraifordpresidentGeorgeFriedmansaysheseestheonlineworldasakindofmutuallyreinforcingtoolforbothinformationcollectionanddistribution,aspymaster’sdream.LastweekhisfirmwasbusyvacuumingupdatabitsfromthefarcornersoftheworldandpredictingacrisisinUkraine.“Assoonasthatreportruns,we’llsuddenlyget500newInternetsign-upsfromUkraine,”saysFriedman,aformerpoliticalscienceprofessor.“Andwe’llhearbackfromsomeofthem.”O(jiān)pen-sourcespyingdoeshaveitsrisks,ofcourse,sinceitcanbedifficulttotellgoodinformationfrombad.That’swhereStraitfordearnsitskeep.

Friedmanreliesonaleanstaffof20inAustin.Severalofhisstaffmembershavemilitary-intelligencebackgrounds.Heseesthefirm’soutsiderstatusasthekeytoitssuccess.Straitford’sbriefsdon’tsoundliketheusualWashingtonback-and-forthing,wherebyagenciesavoiddramaticdeclarationsonthechancetheymightbewrong.Straitford,saysFriedman,takesprideinitsindependentvoice.

1.TheemergenceoftheNethas（）.

2.Donovan’sstoryismentionedinthetextto（）.

3.Thephrase“makingthebiggestsplash”（line1,paragraph3）mostprobablymeans（）.

4.Itcanbelearnedfromparagraph4that（）.

5.Straitfordismostproudofits（）.

問題1選項

A.receivedsupportfromfanslikeDonovan

B.remoldedtheintelligenceservices

C.restoredmanycommonpastimes

D.revivedspyingasaprofession

問題2選項

A.introducethetopicofonlinespying

B.showhowhefoughtfortheUS

C.giveanepisodeoftheinformationwar

D.honorhisuniqueservicestotheCIA

問題3選項

A.causingthebiggesttrouble

B.exertingthegreatesteffort

C.achievingthegreatestsuccess

D.enjoyingthewidestpopularity

問題4選項

A.Straitford’spredictionaboutUkrainehasprovedtrue

B.Straitfordguaranteesthetruthfulnessofitsinformation

C.Straitford’sbusinessischaracterizedbyunpredictability

D.Straitfordisabletoprovidefairlyreliableinformation

問題5選項

A.officialstatus

B.nonconformistimage

C.efficientstaff

D.militarybackground

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:B

【解析】第1題:該題考查了考生對一段的文意的總體把握。解題的關(guān)鍵在于第一段的最后一句話：“ThesedaystheNet,whichhasalreadyremadesucheverydaypastimesasbuyingbooksandsendingmail,isreshapingDonovan’svocationaswell.”其中考生要把握好“Donovan’svocation”這個短語的含義，它指的就是“intelligenceservices”，也就是情報行業(yè)，而“reshape”意為改造，那么結(jié)合這兩點就可以發(fā)現(xiàn)B選項就是這兩點的轉(zhuǎn)述說法，意為“改造了情報工作”。A選項錯誤在于Donovan并不是互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的粉絲，因為從第一句虛擬語氣可以看出在他的年代并沒有互聯(lián)網(wǎng)，因此A錯誤；C選項也不對，第一段寫的是“remade”和restored還是有區(qū)別的；選D選項的是考生沒有區(qū)分“reshape”和“revive”的含義，revive意為使復(fù)活，從原文中我們并不能得到互聯(lián)網(wǎng)什么時候消失過，所以也不存在復(fù)活，因此答案為B。

第2題:該題需要考生有全局觀念，它和文章大意相關(guān)，需要結(jié)合全文進(jìn)行作答。作者舉一個例子一定是為了體現(xiàn)他的主旨觀點，因此，Donovan的故事也是一個引子，目的是引出作者真實想要表達(dá)的觀點，這就是全文的重點和主旨，本文的主旨是在第一段的最后一句有體現(xiàn)，并且之后的幾段也都是圍繞著互聯(lián)網(wǎng)影響了情報工作這一點來展開的，因此和這個主旨最匹配的是A選項。C選項并不對，因為全文的重點并不是信息戰(zhàn)爭，只是提及了它而已。

第3題:本題考查了考生對文中詞組詞義的猜測能力及對全文的掌握程度。這個詞組的直譯含義是“做出了最引人注目的效果”，如果不知道這個詞組的含義也沒有關(guān)系，我們可以從后文得知：Straitford是這個領(lǐng)域的新興佼佼者，因此它肯定是在這個行業(yè)獲得了成功的，而其他選項在全文中均無明顯體現(xiàn)，找不到相關(guān)依據(jù)。

第4題:本題考查了學(xué)生的推理及引申能力，考生需要對第四段有一個總體的把握和細(xì)節(jié)的追究。第四段主要講了Friedman對于互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的態(tài)度如何，以及他們公司是如何利用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)來進(jìn)行盈利的，文中舉出了烏克蘭（Ukraine）為例說明了他們公司利用網(wǎng)絡(luò)對于形勢的預(yù)測水平。A選項的說法是主觀推斷，因為文中并沒有提及關(guān)于烏克蘭的預(yù)測是否正確，屬于過度推斷；B選項說法太過絕對，根據(jù)常識我們也知道互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的信息不能保證百分百正確，并且在文中第四段的最后一句說了“這些開放資源的利用也是有風(fēng)險的”，這一句也提示了我們信息并不一定是百分百正確的；C選項說他們公司的特點是不可預(yù)測性，這一點在全文中均未體現(xiàn)，并且該公司就是做風(fēng)險預(yù)測的，更不存在公司的特點是不可預(yù)測性這一說；D選項的話，根據(jù)第四段的最后一句，“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)收集情報有風(fēng)險，而該公司會幫助客戶辨別信息真?zhèn)巍笨梢酝茢喑?，該公司的信息還是有一定的可靠性的，雖然不能保證百分百真實，但是還是經(jīng)過篩選的信息，較為可靠。

第5題:本題考查了考生對最后一段的理解程度，解題的關(guān)鍵是本段的最后一句話：“Straitford,saysFriedman,takesprideinitsindependentvoice.”這句話告訴了我們Straitford公司引以為傲的是它有著獨立的立場，這就是它不同于其他公司的獨特之處，而B選項“nonconformistimage”的意思就是有自己獨特的形象，不默守陳規(guī)，因此B選項是正確答案的轉(zhuǎn)述，答案為B。

2.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingpassagefromChineseintoEnglish

美國的一位頂尖心理學(xué)家說，如果人們關(guān)注于六個具體要素就會感到幸福。這六個要素分別是：活在當(dāng)下（M）,有好奇心（C），做喜歡的事（L）,為他人著想（T）,培養(yǎng)關(guān)系（N）,

照顧身體（B）。公式就是：感覺很棒=（活在當(dāng)下x16+好奇心+做喜歡的事x2）+（為他人著想x5+培養(yǎng)關(guān)系x2+照顧身體x33）。

弗吉尼亞州喬治梅?森（Mason）大學(xué)的托徳-卡什丹博士（DrToddKashdan）對英國人幸福程度的全國性研究結(jié)果進(jìn)行了評價。他說：“感覺幸福沒有單一的訣竅，但當(dāng)這六種成分都添加進(jìn)來并正確配比后，你就會感覺人生很幸福。這六種成分的每一種都需要付出一點努力，你只要知道你的努力會給你帶來極大的回報?！?/p>

委任這次研究的整形外科手術(shù)營銷總監(jiān)史蒂芬?泰勒（StephenTayler）說：“我們無比高興地看到與卡什丹博士的合作創(chuàng)建了幸福感的真正公式：我們希望幸福公式將繼續(xù)幫助提振精祌，讓全英國人民的臉上都有笑容?！?/p>

【答案】Ifpeoplefocusonthesixspecificfactorsidentified,theywillfeelgood,accordingtoatopUSpsychologist.Thefactorsareliveinthemoment(M),becurious(C),dosomethingyoulove(L),thinkofothers(T),nurturerelationships(N),andcareofyourbody(B).AndtheformulaisFeelingGood=(MxI6+C+Lx2)+(Tx5+Nx2+Bx33)。

DrToddKashdan,ofGeorgeMasonUniversityinVirginia,reviewedtheresultsofnationwideresearchintohowBritishfeel.Hesaid:“Thereisnosinglesecrettofeelinggood,butwhenthesesixingredientsarecarefullyattendedto,intherightdoses,youwillbeontargetforahappylife.“Eachoftheingredientsrequiresabitofwork.Justknowthatyourhardworkwillleadtothegreatestrewardspossible.”

StevenTaylor,marketingdirectorofTransformCosmeticSurgery,whocommissionedtheresearch,said:“Wecouldn’tbemorepleasedthatthepartnershipwithDrKashdanledtothecreationofanactualformulatoFeelGood,WehopethattheFeelGoodFormulawillcontinuetohelpboostspiritsandputasmileonfacesacrosstheUK.”

3.單選題

Betweenabout1910and1930,newartisticmovementsinEuropeanartweremakingthemselvesfeltintheUnitedStates.AmericanartistsbecameacquaintedwiththenewaltontheirtripstoParisandattheexhibitionsinthefamousNewYorkgalleryb291t（namedafteritsaddressonFifthAvenue）ofthephotographerMiredStieglitz.ButmostimportantinthespreadofthemodernmovementsintheUnitedStateswasthesensationalArmoryShowof1913heldinNewYork,inwhichtheworksofmanyoftheleadingEuropeanartistswereseenalongwiththeworksofanumberofprogressiveAmericanpainters.

SeveraloftheAmericanmodernistswhowereinfluencedbytheArmoryShowfoundtheurbanLandscape,especiallyNewYork,anappealingsubject.Comparedwiththeworksoftherealistpainters,theworksofAmericanmodernistsweremuchfurtherremovedfromtheactualappearanceofthecity;theyweremoreinterestedinthe“feel”ofthecity，moreconcernedwiththemeaningbehindappearance.However,boththepaintersofthe“AshCanSchool”andthelaterrealistswerestilltiedtonineteenth-centuryorearlierstyles,whiletheearlymodernistssharedintheinternationalbreakthroughsoftheartofthetwentiethcentury.

ThegreatestofthesebreakthroughswasCubism,developedmostfullyinFrancebetween1907and1914,whichbroughtaboutamajorrevolutioninWesternpainting.ItoverturnedtherationaltraditionthathadbeenbuiltuponsincetheRenaissance,InCubism,naturalformswerebrokendownanalyticallyintogeometricshapes.Nolongerwasacleardifferentiationmadebetweenthefigureandthebackgroundofapainting;theobjectsrepresentedandthesurfaceonwhichtheywerepaintedbecameone.TheCubistsabandonedtheconventionalsinglevantagepointoftheviewer,andobjectsdepictedfrommultipleviewpointswereshownatthesametime.

1.Withwhattopicisthepassageprimarilyconcerned?

2.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatEuropeanarttrendsprobablyaffectedUnitedStatesartmostduringwhichofthefollowingyears?

3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasameansthroughwhichAmericanartistslearnedaboutnewmovements?

4.WhydoestheauthormentionAlfredStieglitz?

5.Accordingtotheauthor,whichofthefollowingwasafavoritesubjectforAmericanmodernists?

問題1選項

A.ThedevelopmentofCubism.

B.ModernartmovementsintheUnitedSates.

C.ContemporaryartistsintheUnitedStates.

D.Theinfluenceofphotographyonlandscapepainters.

問題2選項

A.1901

B.1908

C.1913

D.1936

問題3選項

A.Lessonsfromsuccessfulartists.

B.Theexhibitionsatthegallery“291”.

C.TripstoEurope.

D.TheArmoryShowof1913.

問題4選項

A.Todemonstratethatphotographywasthemajorinfluenceinmodernart.

B.Tocomparehimtootherartistsofthetime.

C.Topointoutthatmanyartistlearnedtheircraftbystudyingwithhim.

D.Togiveanexampleofsomeonewhohadaninfluenceonmodernart.

問題5選項

A.Portraitsoffamouspeople.

B.Countryscenes.

C.Picturesofbuildings'interiors.

D.Citylandscapes.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:D

【解析】1.本文第一句話就點明了“從1910年到1930年，歐洲藝術(shù)的新運動開始在美國產(chǎn)生影響?！北疚闹饕v述了現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)運動在美國的興起到高潮，從紐約畫廊的啟發(fā)到立體派的重大突破，都是圍繞美國的現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)運動而展開的，故本文的主題就是美國的現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)運動。故B項正確。

.2主旨大意題。由第一段“ButmostimportantinthespreadofthemodernmovementsintheUnitedStateswasthesensationalArmoryShowof1913heldinNewYork,inwhichtheworksofmanyoftheleadingEuropeanartistswereseenalongwiththeworksofanumberofprogressiveAmericanpainters.但是，對美國現(xiàn)代運動的傳播最重要的是1913年在紐約舉行的轟動一時的軍械庫展覽，在這次展覽中，許多歐洲著名藝術(shù)家的作品和一些進(jìn)步的美國畫家的作品一起展出?？芍绊懽畲蟮氖前l(fā)生在1913年的軍械庫展覽。故C項正確。

3.推理判斷題。由第一段AmericanartistsbecameacquaintedwiththenewaltontheirtripstoParisandattheexhibitionsinthefamousNewYorkgalleryb291t(namedafteritsaddressonFifthAvenue)ofthephotographerMiredStieglitz.美國藝術(shù)家在去巴黎的旅行中，在紐約著名的b291t畫廊(以第五大道的地址命名)舉辦的攝影家Stieglitz的展覽中，開始了解這種新的藝術(shù)。可知BC兩項在文中有都有提及；D項在“ButmostimportantinthespreadofthemodernmovementsintheUnitedStateswasthesensationalArmoryShowof1913heldinNewYork,但是，對現(xiàn)代運動在美國的傳播最重要的是1913年在紐約舉行的轟動一時的軍械庫展覽”有提及。故只有A項沒提到。

4.推理判斷題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞AlfredStieglitz定位到第一段AmericanartistsbecameacquaintedwiththenewaltontheirtripstoParisandattheexhibitionsinthefamousNewYorkgalleryb291t(namedafteritsaddressonFifthAvenue)ofthephotographerMiredStieglitz.美國藝術(shù)家在去巴黎的旅行中，在紐約著名的b291t畫廊(以第五大道的地址命名)舉辦的攝影家Stieglitz的展覽中，開始了解這種新的藝術(shù)。可知AlfredStieglitz是紐約畫廊的攝影師，他是影響現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)運動的攝影家之一。故D項“舉一個對現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)有影響的人的例子”正確。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。由第二段SeveraloftheAmericanmodernistswhowereinfluencedbytheArmoryShowfoundtheurbanLandscape,especiallyNewYork,anappealingsubject.一些受軍械庫展覽影響的美國現(xiàn)代主義者發(fā)現(xiàn)城市景觀，尤其是紐約，是一個吸引人的主題?？芍狣項“城市風(fēng)景”是美國現(xiàn)代主義者喜歡的主題。

4.單選題

Overthelastfifteenyears,runninghasbecomeapopular（

）for30millionparticipantsofallages.

問題1選項

A.fantasy

B.pastime

C.symposium

D.penalty

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。fantasy“幻想”；pastime“消遣，娛樂”；symposium“座談會’；penalty“懲罰”。句意：在過去的三十年里，跑步對于3000萬名各個年齡層的參與者來說成為了一種非常受歡迎的消遣方式。選項B符合題意。

5.翻譯題

Ofcourse,thereisfarmoreoilundergroundthancanberecovered.Itmaybeinapooltoosmallortoofarfromapotentialmarkettojustifytheexpenseofdrilling.Someoilliesunderregionswheredrillingisforbidden,suchasnationalparksorotherpubliclands.Evengiventhebestextractiontechniques,onlyabout30to40percentoftheoilinagivenpoolcanbebroughttothesurface.Therestisfartoodifficulttoextractandhastoremainunderground.

Moreover,gettingpetroleumoutofthegroundandfromundertheseaandtotheconsumercancreateenvironmentalproblemsanywherealongtheline.Pipelinescarryingoilcanbebrokenbyfaultsorlandslides,causingseriousoilspills.Spillagefromhugeoil-carryingcargoships,calledtankers,involvedincollisionsoraccidentalgroundings(suchastheoneoffAlaskain1989)cancreateoilslicksatsea.Offshoreplatformsmayalsoloseoil,creatingoilslicksthatdriftashoreandfoulthebeaches,harmingtheenvironment.Sometimes,thegroundatanoilfieldmaysubsideasoilisremoved.TheWilmingtonfieldnearLongBeach,California,hassubsidedninemetersin50years;protectivebarriershavehadtobebuilttopreventseawaterfromfloodingthearea.Finally,therefiningandburningofpetroleumanditsproductscancauseairpollution.Advancingtechnologyandstrictlaws,however,arehelpingcontrolsomeoftheseadverseenvironmentaleffects.

【答案】參考譯文：

當(dāng)然，地下還能發(fā)現(xiàn)更多的石油，油藏可能太小或遠(yuǎn)離潛在的市場因而鉆井費用過高。一些石油存在于禁止鉆井的地區(qū)，如國家公園或其他公共土地。即使提供最好的提取技術(shù)，油藏中也只有大約30%到40%的石油可以抽至地面。其余的因為太難抽取而不得不留在地下。

此外，從地下和海底開采石油并運送到消費者的途中的任何地方都會產(chǎn)生環(huán)境問題。石油運輸管道可能因為故障或塌方損壞，造成嚴(yán)重的石油泄露。運載石油的油輪在發(fā)生碰撞或意外擱淺（如在1989年阿拉斯加發(fā)生的油輪擱淺）的情況下，石油泄露會導(dǎo)致海上產(chǎn)生浮油。海上鉆井平臺也可能會泄漏石油，導(dǎo)致油污漂流到岸上造成海灘污染，危害環(huán)境。有時一個油田的石油被抽取后，地面會發(fā)生下沉。加利福尼亞州長灘附近的威爾明頓油田在50年內(nèi)下沉了9米；人們不得不建造保護(hù)屏障以防止海水灌進(jìn)這個地區(qū)。最后，石油的煉制、燃燒以及其產(chǎn)品也會造成空氣污染。不過，先進(jìn)的技術(shù)和嚴(yán)格的法律正在協(xié)助控制這些對環(huán)境的不利影響。

6.單選題

AreportsubmittedtotheUnitedStatesCongressin1971emphaticallyrecommendeda（）nationalefforttoadoptmetricsystem.

問題1選項

A.concerted

B.representative

C.respective

D.spontaneous

【答案】D

【解析】concerted協(xié)調(diào)的,協(xié)定的；representative典型的；respective分別的,各自的；spontaneous

自發(fā)的,無意識的。句意：1971年提交給美國國會的一份報告著重建議各國自發(fā)地努力采用公制系統(tǒng)。選項D符合句意。

7.單選題

Whatthecorrespondentsentusisan（

）newsreport.Wecandependonit.

問題1選項

A.evident

B.authentic

C.ultimate

D.immediate

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。evident明顯的；authentic真實的，可靠的；ultimate最終的，最后的；immediate即刻的。句意：那位記者發(fā)給我們的是一份內(nèi)容真實的新聞報道。我們可以相信它。由dependon可推知該信息報道是真實的，答案B。

8.單選題

Cancerresearchersarelearningtoreadgeneslikeacrystalballtopredicthowpatientswillrespondtocancertherapy,whowillsuffertheworstsideeffectsandwhattreatmentsmaybebestforaparticularpatient.Foreseeingtheoutcomeoftreatment,andknowingwithcertaintywhichdrugsarebestforindividualpatients,havelongbeenthegoalsofcancerresearchers.

Foratleast40years,oncologistshavepuzzledoverwhysomepatientsrespondsowelltochemotherapywhileothersobtainmodestbenefitsornoneatall.ThediscoverydecadesagothatlinkedachromosomeabnormalitytooneformofleukemiapavedthewayforthedevelopmentofthedrugGleevecbyDrukerandtheabilitytoidentifythepatientsmostlikelytobenefit.Morerecently,withthewealthofknowledgefromthehumanGenomeProject,researchershavebeenabletodevelopevenmorespecifictoolstocreategeneticprofilesoftumorsandmatchthoseprofileswiththerightdrugs.Thetoolsalsohelpdeterminewhichpatientsaremostlikelytoexperiencetheworstsideeffectsofspecifictypesofchemotherapyandguidethemtoothertreatments.

ResearchersfromtheUniversityofChicagostudiedalterationsoftheUGT1A1gene,associatedwithanincreasedchanceofchemotherapysideeffects.MarkRatainandhisteamstudied61coloncancerpatientsreceivingirinotecanandlearnedthatpatientswithalterationsofthegenelabeledas7/7weremostlikelytosufferseverelossesofwhitebloodcells.Patientswiththe6/7alterationtypehadintermediatesideeffects,andpatientswiththe6/6typehadnone.

ScientistsattheMassachusettsGeneralHospitalexaminedgenesthatnormallyhavetheabilitytorepairdamagetoDNAincellscalledXPDandXRCC1.Thenumberofvariationsinthesegenesindicateshowlongapatientislikelytosurvive.SaradaGurubhagavatulaandherteamstudiedvariationsofthesegenesin103patientsdiagnosedwithadvancednon-small-celllungcancer.Patientswithatotalofthreevariationsinthegenessurvivedamedianof6.8months;thosewithtwovariationssurvived11months;patientswithonevariationsurvived16.6months;andthosewithnovariationssurvived20.4months.Gurubhagavatulasaysthevariationscouldbeidentifiedandthosewiththeworstpredictedoutcomesputonchemotherapyregimensthatofferbetteroddsofsurvival.

ScientistsatCedars-SinaiMedicalCenterandGenomicHealthInc.havedevelopedawaytotestlungtumorforgeneticprofilesassociatedwithresponsestothenewlungcancerdrugIressa.Thedrughasbeenshowntoshrinktumorsin10%to12%ofpatientswithadvancedlungcancer.DavidAgusatCedar-Sinaifoundapatternof185genesthatareturnedoffandoninamannerthatcorrelateswithresponsetoIressaortoalackofresponse.Whenusedcommercially,thetestwilltargetpatientsmostlikelytobenefitandwillallowpatientstomakeotherchoicesifthenegativeprofileisfound.

1.Thetextismainlyabout（

）.

2.TheachievementsfromHumanGenomeProjectenableresearchersto

（

）.

3.Thepurposeoftheauthorinmentioningthethreeresearchesisto

（

）.

4.Saradaandherteamareconvincedthat

（

）.

5.Inthe3rdparagraph,theword"alteration"means（

）.

問題1選項

A.thesearchforeffectivecancertreatmentdrugs

B.thegoalsofcancertreatment

C.thesuccessinreadinggenes

D.thecancertreatmentbyexamination

問題2選項

A.diagnoseachromosomeabnormalitymoreaccurately.

B.developcancertreatmentdrugslikeGleevec.

C.administercancertreatmentwithlesssideeffect.

D.comeupwithchemotherapyasaneffectivetoolforcancertreatment.

問題3選項

A.makeacontrastiveanalysisofthem.

B.illustratetheachievementsincancertherapy.

C.presentthesimilaritiesanddifferencesbetweenthem.

D.showhowalteredgenescancausecancer.

問題4選項

A.researchongenesoffersthemgreaterpredictivepower.

B.lungcanceriscausedbyvariationofgenes.

C.patientscansurvivelungcancerbyalteringtheirgenes.

D.chemotherapycansaveeventheworstlungcancerpatients.

問題5選項

A.investigations

B.activities

C.predictions

D.changes

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】1.主旨大意題。題目問的是“這篇文章的主要內(nèi)容是……”。文章第一段提到癌癥研究者正在像占卜者看水晶球一樣來閱讀基因（Cancerresearchersarelearningtoreadgeneslikeacrystalballtopredicthowpatientswillrespondtocancertherapy）；文章第二段提到研究者如何通過基因計劃提高對癌癥這類病的了解，并研究出相應(yīng)的藥物（Morerecently,withthewealthofknowledgefromthehumanGenomeProject,researchershavebeenabletodevelopevenmorespecifictoolstocreategeneticprofilesoftumorsandmatchthoseprofileswiththerightdrugs.），接下來的段落通過一些例子來說明在基因方面的成就，可知全文都是在講述基因檢測與癌癥治療，選項D符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。題目問的是“人類基因工程的成果讓研究者……”。文章第二段提到“研究人員能夠開發(fā)出更具體的工具來創(chuàng)建腫瘤的基因圖譜，并將這些圖譜與正確的藥物進(jìn)行匹配”（Morerecently,withthewealthofknowledgefromthehumanGenomeProject,researchershavebeenabletodevelopevenmorespecifictoolstocreategeneticprofilesoftumorsandmatchthoseprofileswiththerightdrugs），由此可知選項C“用副作用更少的藥物進(jìn)行治療”符合題意。

3.推理判斷題。題目問的是“作者提及三位研究者的目的是什么”。文章第三、四、五段是為了用具體的例子來說明在人類基因工程的幫助下，在治療癌癥方面取得的成就。選項B符合題意。

4.推理判斷題。題目問的是“Sarada和她的團(tuán)隊認(rèn)為……”。文章第四段提到Sarada和她的團(tuán)隊研究了能夠修復(fù)DNA中受損的基因。他們的研究了103例晚期非小細(xì)胞肺癌患者的這些基因變異，她認(rèn)為這些變異可以被識別，然后把最糟糕的預(yù)測結(jié)果考慮進(jìn)化學(xué)治療的實施中，從而提高生存幾率（thevariationscouldbeidentifiedandthosewiththeworstpredictedoutcomesputonchemotherapyregimensthatofferbetteroddsofsurvival），由此可以推斷選項A“對基因的研究提高了預(yù)測能力”符合題意。

5.詞義題。題目問的是“在第三段中，alteration的意思是……”。文章第三段第一句提到“芝加哥大學(xué)的研究人員研究了UGT1A1基因的改變，這與化學(xué)療法副作用增加有關(guān)”（ResearchersfromtheUniversityofChicagostudiedalterationsoftheUGT1A1gene,associatedwithanincreasedchanceofchemotherapysideeffects），alteration有“改變”的意思，選項D符合題意。

9.單選題

Theawardceremonywillbethe______oftheinauguralSingaporeInternationalWaterWeekthatisheldfrom23to27June2008．

問題1選項

A.twilight

B.insight

C.highlight

D.highland

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。twilight“黃昏，薄暮”；insight“洞察力”；highlight“最精彩的部分”；highland“高地”。句意：屆新加坡國際水資源周于2008年6月23日至27日舉行，頒獎儀式將是開幕式上的亮點。因此C選項符合題意。

10.單選題

Aninternationaltreatysignedseveralyearsago（

）tradeinplantsandanimalsofendangeredspecies.

問題1選項

A.bans

B.eliminates

C.promotes

D.protects

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞辨析。ban意為“明令禁止，取締”；eliminate意為“排除，取消”；promote意為“促進(jìn)，推進(jìn)”；protect意為“保護(hù)，保衛(wèi)”。由主語aninternationaltreaty（國際條約）和賓語tradeinplantsandanimalsofendangeredspecies（瀕危動植物的貿(mào)易）可知謂語動詞用ban符合邏輯。

句意：幾年前簽署的一項國際條約禁止瀕危動植物貿(mào)易。

11.不定項選擇題

測試新增的題干

問題1選項

A.1

B.2

C.3

D.4

【答案】A

【解析】第1題:測試試題解析

12.翻譯題

與群眾不同，知識分子喜歡推理，對事實感興趣。他們思想上批判的習(xí)性，使他們成為那種很能蠱惑大多數(shù)人的宣傳的抵制者。知識分子是那種重證據(jù)，厭惡不合乎邏輯和謬論的人。他們把過于簡單化看作是思想上犯錯誤的根源，他們不喜歡口號、絕對肯定和總的概括，而這些恰恰是宣傳家慣用的手法。在這個人口加速過度增長，組織加速過度膨脹，以及出現(xiàn)了更為有效的廣泛宣傳工具的時代里，我們?nèi)绾文鼙４鎮(zhèn)€性的完整，又如何能再堅持個人的價值呢？這是一個至今可提出并可能得到較好的回答的問題。再過一代，尋找答案可能為時已晚，而在那個未來的令人窒息的集體風(fēng)氣中，可能壓根就想不起提出這樣的問題了。

【答案】Unlikethemass,theintellectualsliketoreasonandareinterestedinfacts.Withcriticalthinkinghabits,theyhavebecomeleaderswhoresistpropagandaswhichconfusemostpeople.Theclerisylaystressonevidence,andarenottooreadytobelieveillogicalityandfallacy.Theyconsideroversimplificationastherootofthoughttomakeamistake.Meanwhiletheacademiciansdislikeslogan,absoluteaffirmationandgrossgeneralization,whichareapropagandist’susualmeasures.Therefore,howcanwekeepupintegrityofpersonality,andhowtocontinueupholdingthevalueofindividualinfaceofoverpopulationandoverexpansionoforganizationsaswellasmanymoreeffectiveandcomprehensivepropagandatools?Uptonow,itisaquestionthatcanbeproposedandgivenagoodanswertobutitwillbetoolatetofindoutananswertosuchquestionforthenextgenerationinthefuturewherethestiflingcollectiveatmosphereprevails,descendantsmaynotthinkofsuchquestionatall.

13.單選題

Accordingtosociologists,thereareseveraldifferentwaysinwhichapersonmaybecomerecognizedastheleaderofsocialgroupintheUnitedStates.Inthefamily,traditionalculturalpatternsconferleadershipononeorbothoftheparents.Inothercases,suchasfriendshipgroup,oneormorepersonsmaygraduallyemergeasleaders,althoughthereisnoformalprocessofselection.Inlargergroups,leadersareusuallychosenformallythroughelectionorrecruitment.

Althoughleadersareoftenthoughttobepeoplewithunusualpersonalability,decadesofresearchhavefailedtoproduceconsistentevidencethatthereisanycategoryof“naturalleaders”.Itseemsthatthereisnosetofpersonalqualitiesthatallleadershaveincommon；rather,virtuallyanypersonmayberecognizedasaleaderifthepersonhasqualitiesthatmeettheneedsofthatparticulargroup.

Furthermore,althoughitiscommonlysupposedthatsocialgroupshaveasingleleader,researchsuggeststhattherearetypicallytwodifferentleadershiprolesthatareheldbydifferentindividuals.Instrumentalleadershipisleadershipthatemphasizesthecompletionoftasksbyasocialgroup.Groupmemberslooktoinstrumentalleadersto“getthingsdone”.Expressiveleadership,ontheotherhand,isleadershipthatemphasizesthecollectivewell-beingofasocialgroup’smembers.Expressiveleadersarelessconcernedwiththeoverallgoalsofthegroupthanwithprovidingemotionalsupporttogroupmembersandattemptingtominimizetensionandconflictamongthem.Groupmembersexpectexpressiveleaderstomaintainstablerelationshipswithinthegroupandprovidesupporttoindividualmembers.

Instrumentalleadersarelikelytohavearathersecondaryrelationshiptoothergroupmembers.Theygiveordersandmaydisciplinegroupmemberswhoinhibitattainmentofthegroup’sgoals.Expressiveleaderscultivateamorepersonalorprimaryrelationshiptoothersinthegroup.Theyoffersympathywhensomeoneexperiencesdifficultiesorissubjectedtodiscipline,arequicktolightenaseriousmomentwithhumor,andtrytoresolveissuesthatthreatentodividethegroup.Asthedifferencesinthesetworolessuggest,expressiveleadersgenerallyreceivemorepersonalaffectionfromgroupmembers;instrumentalleaders,iftheyaresuccessfulinpromotinggroupgoals,mayenjoyamoredistantrespect.

1.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?

2.ThepassagementionsallofthefollowingwaysbywhichpeoplecanbecomeleadersEXCEPT

3.Inmentioning“naturalleaders”inparagraphtwo,theauthorismakingthepointthat

4.Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutleadershipcanbeinferredfromparagraphtwo?

5.Thepassageindicatesthatinstrumentalleadersgenerallyfocuson

問題1選項

A.Theproblemsfacedbyleaders

B.Howleadershipdiffersinsmallandlargegroups

C.Howsocialgroupsdeterminewhowillleadthem

D.Theroleofleadersinsocialgroups

問題2選項

A.recruitment.

B.formalelectionprocess.

C.specificleadershiptraining.

D.traditionalculturalpatterns.

問題3選項

A.fewpeoplequalifyas“naturalleaders'

B.thereisnoproofthat“naturalleaders”exist.

C.“naturalleaders”areeasilyacceptedbythemembersofasocialgroup.

D.“naturalleaders”shareasimilarsetofcharacteristics.

問題4選項

A.Apersonwhoisaneffectiveleaderofaparticulargroupmaynotbeaneffectiveleaderofanothergroup.

B.Fewpeoplesucceedinsharingaleadershiprolewithanotherperson.

C.Apersoncanbestlearnhowtobeaneffectiveleaderbystudyingresearchonleadership.

D.Mostpeopledesiretobeleadersbutcanproducelittleevidenceoftheirqualifications.

問題5選項

A.ensuringharmoniousrelationship.

B.sharingresponsibilitywithgroupmembers.

C.identifyingnewleaders.

D.achievingagoal.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】1.主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一句，“thereareseveraldifferentwaysinwhichapersonmaybecomerecognizedastheleaderofsocial…”，開篇點題，在美國有很多種方式成為某個團(tuán)體的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者。所以主要闡述不同領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者在社會中的角色。選項D符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段，在家庭、友誼小組或更大的群體中，領(lǐng)導(dǎo)產(chǎn)生的方式不相同，探討了每一種團(tuán)體的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)產(chǎn)生方式。選項C符合題意。

3.信息推斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段，“decadesofresearchhavefailedtoproduceconsistentevidencethatthereisanycategoryof“naturalleaders”，數(shù)十年都沒有充足的證據(jù)來證明存在“天生領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者”，選項B符合題意。

4.信息推斷題?？疾閷Φ诙挝囊獾睦斫?。文中提到只要一個人有特定的資質(zhì)就能成為領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人。根據(jù)文章“anypersonmayberecognizedasaleaderifthepersonhasqualitiesthatmeettheneedsofthatparticulargroup”，可以成為特定團(tuán)體的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者。選項A符合題意。

5.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段，“…maydisciplinegroupmemberswhoinhibitattainmentofthegroup’sgoals.”，“…iftheyaresuccessfulinpromotinggroupgoals,…”根據(jù)這兩句可以得出，工具性領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者更加注重目標(biāo)一些。選項D符合題意。

14.單選題

Healwaystakesprideinhiswork.Heisvery______.

問題1選項

A.humble

B.devoted

C.respective

D.formal

【答案】B

【