考研考博-英語-四川大學(xué)錦城學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解4

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-四川大學(xué)錦城學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Whenwethinkofcreativepeople,thenamesthatprobablyspringtomindarethoseofmensuchasLeonardodaVinci,AlbertEinstein,andPabloPicasso,i.e.greatartists,inventorsandscientists—aselectandexceptionallygiftedbodyofmenwithraretalentandgenius.Thetendencytoregardcreativityandimaginativethinkingastheexclusiveprovinceofaluckyfewdisregardthecreativeandimaginativeaspectsinherentinthesolutionofmanyofthetasksweregularlyhavetoface—thediscoveryanddevelopmentofnewmethodsandtechniques,theimprovementofoldmethods,existinginventionsandproducts.

Everyonehascreativeabilitytosomeextent.Creativethinkinginvolvesposingoneselfaproblemandthenfindingasolutionalongnewandunconventionallines.Itinvolvesdrawingnewcomparisons,discoveringnewcombinations,and/ornewapplicationsofthingsthatarealreadyknown.Itfollows,then,thatacreativepersonwillexhibitgreatintellectualcuriosityandimagination.Hewillbealertandobservantwithagreatstoreofinformationwhichhewillbeabletosortoutandcombine,inthesolutionofproblems.Hewillbeemotionallyreceptivetonewandunconventionalideasandwillbelessinterestedinfactsthanintheirimplications.Mostimportantofall,hewillbeabletocommunicatefreelyandwillnotbetooconcernedaboutotherpeople’sreactiontohisapparently“crazy”ideas.PeoplecalledtheWrightbrothersmadbutitdidnotstopthemfrombecomingthefirstmentoconstructandflyaheavier-than-aircraft.

1.Theauthorbelievesthatcreativethinking（）.

2.Creativethinkinginvolves（）.

3.Acreativepersonmustlookatfacts（）.

4.Inordertosolvescientificproblems,peopleshould（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.isonlypossessedbygreatartists

B.requiresraretalentandgenius

C.isneededinsolvingmanyproblems

D.belongstoafewluckypeople

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.facingtheproblemandfindingasolution

B.observingtheactionsofgreatpeople

C.drawingnewpicturesofoldthings

D.discoveringnewemotions

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.fortheirfacevalue

B.forwhattheyimply

C.andrememberthem

D.whicharelessinteresting

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.notbeafraidofothers’opinions

B.beascrazyaspossible

C.possessstrangenotions

D.havemorefreedom

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:A

【解析】1.根據(jù)第二段第二句“Creativethinkinginvolvesposingoneselfaproblemandthenfindingasolutionalongnewandunconventionallines.”創(chuàng)造性思維需要給自己提出一個(gè)問題,然后沿著新的、非常規(guī)的路線找到解決方案。所以選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

2.根據(jù)第二段第二句“Itinvolvesdrawingnewcomparisons,discoveringnewcombinations,and/ornewapplicationsofthingsthatarealreadyknown.”創(chuàng)造性思維需要對一些事物重新進(jìn)行比較,發(fā)現(xiàn)新的結(jié)合點(diǎn)以及已知事物新的應(yīng)用方法。也就是推陳出新,所以選項(xiàng)C正確。

3.根據(jù)第二段倒數(shù)第三句“Hewillbeemotionallyreceptivetonewandunconventionalideasandwillbelessinterestedinfactsthanintheirimplications.”有創(chuàng)造力的人會(huì)在情感上接受新的和非傳統(tǒng)的想法,對事實(shí)所暗示的東西興趣更大,而不是事實(shí)本身。選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

4.根據(jù)第二段倒數(shù)第二句“Mostimportantofall,hewillbeabletocommunicatefreelyandwillnotbetooconcernedaboutotherpeople’sreactiontohisapparently“crazy”ideas.”最重要的是,有創(chuàng)造力的人能夠自由交流,不會(huì)太在意別人對他的“瘋狂”想法的反應(yīng)。也就是說,不要害怕別人對自己的看法,所以選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

2.單選題

Thegirlwas（）Juliaafterhergrandmother.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.appointed

B.named

C.nominated

D.elected

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。benamedafter以…的名字命名，和…的名字一樣。句意：這個(gè)女孩以她祖母的名字命名為茱莉亞。選項(xiàng)B正確。

3.單選題

Johnmade（）keysforthehouse:oneforhiswifeandoneforhimself.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.deviate

B.duplicate

C.dozen

D.deliberate

【答案】B

【解析】詞義辨析題。deviate偏離的；duplicate復(fù)制的；dozen一打；deliberate故意的。句意：約翰復(fù)制了兩把房子的鑰匙,

一把給妻子,

一把給自己。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

4.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

Ifyouwerelikemostchildren,youprobablygotupsetwhenyourmothercalledyoubyasibling’s(兄弟姐妹的)name.Howcouldshenotknowyou?Diditmeanshelovedyouless?

Probablynot.Accordingtothefirstresearchtotacklethistopichead-on,misnamingthemostfamiliarpeopleinourlifeisacommoncognitive(認(rèn)知的)errorthathastodowithhowourmemoriesclassifyandstorefamiliarnames.

Thestudy,publishedonlineinAprilinthejournalMemoryandCognition,foundthatthe“wrong”nameisnotrandombutisinvariablyfishedoutfromthesamerelationshippond:children,siblings,friends.Thestudydidnotexaminethepossibilityofdeeppsychologicalsignificancetothemistake,sayspsychologistDavidRubin,“butitdoestelluswho’sinandwho’soutofthegroup.”

Thestudyalsofoundthatwithinthatgroup,misnamingsoccurredwherethenamessharedinitialorinternalsounds,likeJimmyandJoanieorJohnandBob.Physicalresemblancebetweenpeoplewasnotafactor.Norwasgender.

Theresearchersconductedfiveseparatesurveysofmorethan1,700people.Someofthesurveysincludedonlycollegestudents;othersweredonewithamixed-agepopulation.Someaskedsubjectsaboutincidentswheresomeoneclosetothem—familyorfriend—hadcalledthembyanotherperson’sname.Theothersurveysaskedabouttimeswhensubjectshadthemselvescalledsomeoneclosetothembythewrongname.Allthesurveysfoundthatpeoplemixedupnameswithinrelationshipgroupssuchasgrandchildren,friendsandsiblingsbuthardlyevercrossedtheseboundaries.

Ingeneral,thestudyfoundthatundergraduateswerealmostaslikelyasoldpeopletomakethismistakeandmenaslikelyaswomen.Olderpeopleandwomenmadethemistakeslightlymoreoften,butthatmaybebecausegrandparentshavemoregrandchildrentomixupthanparentshavechildren.Also,mothersmaycallontheirchildrenmoreoftenthanfathers,giventraditionalgendernorms.Therewasnoevidencethaterrorsoccurredmorewhenthemisnamerwasfrustrated,tiredorangry.

1.Howmightpeopleoftenfeelwhentheyweremisnamed?

2.WhatdidDavidRubin’sresearchfindaboutmisnaming?

3.Whatismostlikelythecauseofmisnaming?

4.Whatdidthesurveysofmorethan1,700subjectsfindaboutmisnaming?

5.Whydomothersmisnametheirchildrenmoreoftenthanfathers?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Unwanted.

B.Unhappy.

C.Confused.

D.Indifferent.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Itisrelatedtothewayourmemorieswork.

B.Itisapossibleindicatorofafaultymemory.

C.Itoccursmostlybetweenkidsandtheirfriends.

D.Itoftencausesmisunderstandingsamongpeople.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Similarpersonalitytraits.

B.Similarspellingsofnames.

C.Similarphysicalappearance.

D.Similarpronunciationofnames.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Itmoreoftenthannothurtsrelationships.

B.Ithardlyoccursacrossgenderboundaries.

C.Itismostfrequentlyfoundinextendedfamilies.

D.Itmostoftenoccurswithinarelationshipgroup.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Theysuffermorefrustrations.

B.Theybecomewornoutmoreoften.

C.Theycommunicatemorewiththeirchildren.

D.Theygenerallytakeonmoreworkathome.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】第1題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“當(dāng)人們的名字被叫錯(cuò)時(shí)，他們會(huì)有什么感覺？”。根據(jù)第一段第一句Ifyouwerelikemostchildren,youprobablygotupsetwhenyourmothercalledyoubyasibling’sname.（如果你和大多數(shù)孩子一樣，當(dāng)你的母親用兄弟姐妹的名字叫你時(shí)，你可能會(huì)感到沮喪）可知，當(dāng)人們的名字被叫錯(cuò)時(shí)，他們會(huì)感到沮喪；所以B項(xiàng)“不開心”正確。A項(xiàng)“不受歡迎的”、C項(xiàng)“困惑”和D項(xiàng)“冷漠”都不準(zhǔn)確。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

第2題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“關(guān)于誤稱，大衛(wèi)魯賓的研究有何發(fā)現(xiàn)？”。根據(jù)第三段Thestudy,publishedonlineinAprilinthejournalMemoryandCognition,foundthatthe“wrong”nameisnotrandombutisinvariablyfishedoutfromthesamerelationshippond:children,siblings,friends.（這項(xiàng)4月份在線發(fā)表在《記憶與認(rèn)知》雜志上的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，“錯(cuò)誤”的名字并非隨機(jī)產(chǎn)生的，而是來自于同一個(gè)關(guān)系池：孩子、兄弟姐妹、朋友）可知，叫錯(cuò)名字通常發(fā)生在姊妹和朋友之間，所以C項(xiàng)“它主要發(fā)生在孩子和他們的朋友之間”正確。A項(xiàng)“這與我們的記憶工作方式有關(guān)”這不屬于大衛(wèi)魯賓的研究的發(fā)現(xiàn)；B項(xiàng)“它可能是一個(gè)內(nèi)存故障的指示器”沒有提到；D項(xiàng)“它經(jīng)常引起人們之間的誤解”這不是研究的發(fā)現(xiàn)。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

第3題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“最可能導(dǎo)致誤稱的原因是什么？”。根據(jù)第四段Thestudyalsofoundthatwithinthatgroup,misnamingsoccurredwherethenamessharedinitialorinternalsounds,likeJimmyandJoanieorJohnandBob.Physicalresemblancebetweenpeoplewasnotafactor.Norwasgender.（研究還發(fā)現(xiàn)，在這組人中，如果名字的首字母或內(nèi)部發(fā)音相同，就會(huì)出現(xiàn)誤稱，比如吉米和瓊妮或約翰和鮑勃；人與人之間的外貌相似不是一個(gè)因素，性別也不是）可知D項(xiàng)“名字發(fā)音相似”正確；C項(xiàng)“相似的外貌”錯(cuò)誤；A項(xiàng)“相似的性格特征”文中沒有提到；B項(xiàng)“名字的相似拼寫”，文中只是提到相同的首字母，不代表名字相似。因此，該題選擇D項(xiàng)正確。

第4題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“對1700多名受試者的調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)了什么？”。根據(jù)題干定位到文章第五段，最后一句指出Allthesurveysfoundthatpeoplemixedupnameswithinrelationshipgroupssuchasgrandchildren,friendsandsiblingsbuthardlyevercrossedtheseboundaries.（所有的調(diào)查都發(fā)現(xiàn)，人們混淆了關(guān)系群體中的名字，比如孫輩、朋友和兄弟姐妹，但很少跨越這些界限），可知這個(gè)調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)人們會(huì)出現(xiàn)誤稱大多都是混淆了關(guān)系群體中的名字，所以D項(xiàng)“它最經(jīng)常發(fā)生在一個(gè)關(guān)系組”正確。A項(xiàng)“它往往會(huì)傷害人際關(guān)系”，表述與原文完全不符；B項(xiàng)“它幾乎不會(huì)跨越性別界限”，文章提到的是很少跨越關(guān)系群體這個(gè)界限，B項(xiàng)表述不準(zhǔn)確；C項(xiàng)“它在大家庭中最常見”，表述比較片面，關(guān)系群體包括孫輩、朋友和兄弟姐妹等。因此，該題選擇D項(xiàng)正確。

第5題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“為什么母親比父親更經(jīng)常給孩子叫錯(cuò)名字？”。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二句Also,mothersmaycallontheirchildrenmoreoftenthanfathers,giventraditionalgendernorms.（此外，由于傳統(tǒng)的性別規(guī)范，母親可能比父親更經(jīng)常與孩子交流）可知，C項(xiàng)“與孩子交流更多”正確。最后一句提到Therewasnoevidencethaterrorsoccurredmorewhenthemisnamerwasfrustrated,tiredorangry.（沒有證據(jù)表明，誤稱者在沮喪、疲憊或生氣時(shí)更容易出錯(cuò)）可知，誤稱名字和沮喪、疲憊或生氣沒什么關(guān)系，所以A項(xiàng)“她們遭受更多的挫折”、B項(xiàng)“她們更容易疲憊”和D項(xiàng)“她們通常在家里承擔(dān)更多的工作”均不符合題意。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

5.單選題

Themost（

）featureofthebuildingisitsenormousdome-shapedroof.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.distinctive

B.instinctive

C.definite

D.infinite

【答案】A

【解析】考察形容詞辨析。distinctive“與眾不同的”；instinctive“本能的”；definite“明確的”；infinite“無限的”。句意：這棟建筑的最與眾不同的特點(diǎn)就是它那巨大的圓形屋頂。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

6.單選題

Duetohisrecentfailuretomeetthedeadline,Jasonis（）fromthelistforpromotion.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.eliminated

B.retreated

C.pried

D.wrenched

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)eliminated“消除”；B選項(xiàng)retreated“撤退”；C選項(xiàng)pried“撬動(dòng)”；D選項(xiàng)wrenched“猛扭”。句意：由于最近未能按時(shí)完成任務(wù)，賈森被從晉升名單上除名了。本句表示從名單上除名。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

7.單選題

Theidealcompanionmachine-thecomputer-wouldnotonlylook,feel,andsoundfriendlybutwouldalsobeprogrammedtobehaveinapleasantmanner.Thosequalitiesthatmakeinteractioncomfortable,andyetthemachinewouldremainslightlyunpredictableandthereforeinteresting.Initsfirstencounteritmightbesomewhathesitant,butasitcametoknowtheuseritwouldprogresstoamorerelaxedandintimatestyle.Themachinewouldnotbeapassiveparticipantbutwouldadditsownsuggestions,information,andopinions;itwouldsometimestaketheinitiativeindevelopingorchangingthetopicandwouldhaveapersonalityofitsown.

Friendshipsarenotmadeinaday,andthecomputerwouldbemoreacceptableasafriendifitimitatedthegradualchangesthatoccurwhenonepersonisgettingtoknowanother.Atanappropriatetimeitmightalsoexpressthekindofaffectionthatstimulatesattachmentandintimacy.Thewholeprocesswouldbeaccomplishedinasubtlewaytoavoidgivinganimpressionofover-familiaritythatwouldbelikelytoproduceirritation.Afterexperiencingawealthofpowerful,well-timedfriendshipindicators,theuserwouldbeverylikelytoacceptthecomputerasfarmorethanamachineandmightwellcometoregarditasafriend.

Anartificialrelationshipofthistypewouldprovidemanyofthebenefitsthatcouldcontinuefrompreviousdiscussions.Itwouldhaveafamiliaritywiththeuser'slifeasrevealedinearliercontact,anditwouldbeunderstandingandgood-humored.Thecomputer’sownpersonalitywouldbelivelyandimpressive,anditwoulddevelopinresponsetothatoftheuser.Withfeaturessuchasthese,themachinemightindeedbecomeaveryattractivesocialpartner.

1.Whichofthefollowingisnotafeatureoftheidealcompanionmachine?

2.Thecomputerwoulddevelopfriendshipswithhumansina(n)-way（

）.

3.Whichofthefollowingaspectsisnotmentionedwhenthepassagediscussesthebenefitsofartificialrelationships?

4.Throughoutthepassage,theauthorisinhisattitudetowardthecomputer（

）.

5.Whichmightbethemostappropriatetitleofthepassage?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Activeincommunication

B.Attractiveinpersonality.

C.enjoyableinperformance

D.unpredictableinbehavior

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Quick

B.unpredictable

C.productive

D.inconspicuous.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Beingabletopickupaninterestingconversation.

B.Beingsensitivetoearliercontact.

C.Beingreadytolearnabouttheperson'slife

D.Havingapleasantandadaptablepersonality.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.favorable

B.critical

C.vague

D.hesitant

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Artificialrelationships.

B.Howtoformintimaterelationships

C.Theaffectionatemachine

D.Humansandcomputers

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)題。第一段指出:machinewouldremainslightlyunpredictable(機(jī)器有一點(diǎn)不可預(yù)測),因此D項(xiàng)與原文不符。

2.細(xì)節(jié)題。第二段:Thewholeprocesswouldbeaccomplishedinasubtlewaytoavoidgivinganimpressionofover-familiaritythatwouldbelikelytoproduceirritation(整個(gè)過程將以一種微妙的方式完成，以避免給人一種過于熟悉的印象，這可能會(huì)引起不安)。表明這種電腦與人類建立關(guān)系的過程是'inasubtleway,故選D項(xiàng)(不顯眼的，不引人注意的)。

3.細(xì)節(jié)題。第一段:itwouldsometimestaketheinitiativeindevelopingorchangingthetopicandwouldhaveapersonalityofitsown(它有時(shí)會(huì)主動(dòng)發(fā)展或改變話題，并擁有自己的個(gè)性),可以看出A跟D項(xiàng)有提到,butasitcametoknowtheuseritwouldprogresstoamorerelaxedandintimatestyle(但當(dāng)它逐漸了解用戶時(shí)，它會(huì)發(fā)展成一種更輕松、更貼心的風(fēng)格),可以看出C項(xiàng)有提到。而B選項(xiàng)(對早起的接觸很敏感)與"Initsfirstencounteritmightbesomewhathesitant"不符,故選B。

4.態(tài)度方向。形容這種電腦作者用到的詞匯有:comfortable、interesting等,不難看出作者對這種電腦的態(tài)度是"favorable"贊賞的。

5.主旨大意題。作者介紹了這種“仿真交際”電腦與人類如何建立關(guān)系，并圍繞這種電腦的各項(xiàng)特點(diǎn)來介紹它是具有人情味、人性化的,因此C項(xiàng)作標(biāo)題最合適。

8.單選題

Canyouexplainthis（）oftenyearsinyourjobhistorywhichyouhavenotaccountedfor?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.interruption

B.gap

C.split

D.paring

【答案】B

【解析】名詞辨析題。interruption"中斷,干擾";gap"缺口,差距,間隔";split"劈裂,裂縫;paring"削皮"。選項(xiàng)中只有g(shù)ap可以表示時(shí)間的間隔。句意：你能解釋一下在你的工作經(jīng)歷中你沒有解釋的十年空白期嗎?選項(xiàng)B正確。

9.單選題

Doyourememberlastsummer,whenfurioustravelerswerepoundingonCongresstodosomethingaboutairlinecustomerservice?Airlinespromisedtoimprove,andtheyadoptednewstandardsjustbeforeChristmas.Butasanothersummernears,plentyofexperiencedtravelersdon’tseemuchimprovementincustomerserviceoverall.

Thismonth,theDepartmentofTransportation’s(DOT)inspectorgeneral’sofficewillissueitsfirstcriticalarticleonwhetherairlinesarehonoringtheirpromises.Onesurveysuggestsproblems:ThenumberofcomplaintstotheDOTaboutthetop10airlinesinthefirstquartersoared89%fromayearago.

Hitlastsummerbypassengercomplaintsandthethreatofconsumer-protectionlawsbyCongress,14carriersvoluntarilyagreedtoadoptasetofbasiccustomer-servicestandardscalledCustomersFirst.Fromimmediaterefundstotruthfulreservationagentstotoiletsthatflushduringonboarddelays,the“12commitments”topassengerswereintroducedasamajorefforttoimproveservice.Sincethen,airlineshavebeenredesigningwebsites,retrainingemployeesandupgradingtechnology.

Recently,DOTinspectorgeneralKennethMead,atMcCain’srequest,sent20examinerstoairportstodocumentwhethereachairlineisdoingwhatitpromised.Meadcautionstravelersshouldn’texpecttoomuch.Mostofthepromisesareaimedatbettercommunicationwithcustomers,notproblemsfreeflights.

“Wethinkpassengers,bothbusinessandleisure,perceivetravelasmoreofaquarrelthesedays,”spokeswomanShellySassonsays.“Someofthisisperception,butalotisreality.”“Andwhenimprovementsaremade,ittakesalongtimeforthemtobenoticed”,shesays.

Now,theeffortsmaybeworking.Duringthefirstquarter,Deltahadthesecond-lowestrateofcomplaintsamongthetop10carriers.Still,itsrate,alongwithothercarriers,isupfromlastyear.McCainandotherlawmakerssaynewconsumerprotectionlawsaren’toutofthequestioniftheindustry’svoluntaryprogramdoesn’twork.

56.Thepassagetellsusthat______.

57.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedinthepassage?

58.Whichofthefollowingstatementsisclosestinmeaningtothesentence“Someofthisisperception,butalotisreality.”(Para.5)?

59.Theauthorhaswrittenthelastparagraphmainlytomean______.

60.Inparagraph1,thephrase“poundingon”means“______”.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.passengercomplaintsincreasethoughairlineshavetakenstepstoimproveairservice

B.passengercomplaintsdecreaseforairlineshavetakenstepstoimproveairservice

C.airservicehasbeenimprovedgreatlythoughitishardtobenoticedbypassengers

D.airserviceneedsimprovingbadlyastheresultsofpassengercomplaints

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Governmenthassentofficialstocheckanyimprovementtheairserviceairlineshavemade.

B.Somepeoplesuggestpassengersshowmoreunderstandingtoairlinesabouttheireffortstobetterairservice.

C.Toimproveairservicedoesn’tmeanthattherewillnolongerbeanydeficienciesinairtraveling.

D.Itisthoughtthatpassengersshouldbepatientwhentheyarewaitingforanyimprovementmadebyairlines.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Somepeople’scomplaintsaboutairservicearerathersubjective,butmostpeople’sarefairlyobjective.

B.Whenpeopletravelbyair,theyusuallyquarrel,whichisafactpassengersallsee.

C.Somepeopletakeabiasedviewonairservicebecausetheydon’tseefacts.

D.Mostpeoplesawfacts,butafewpeoplefailed.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.therateofcomplaintsisgoingupinallairlinesinspiteoftheeffortstheymade

B.improvementssomeairlineshavemadearenoteffective,whichleadstomorecomplaints

C.theremaybeaneedtopasslawstoimproveairlinecustomers’service

D.somepeoplearetooaggressivewhencomplainingaboutairservicethoughairlineshavemadegreateffortsonit

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.strikingat

B.urging

C.attacking

D.soundingwithloudnoises

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】56.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

56.Thepassagetellsusthat______.56.文章告訴我們______。

A.passengercomplaintsincreasethoughairlineshavetakenstepstoimproveairserviceA.盡管航空公司已經(jīng)采取措施改善航空服務(wù)，乘客的投訴仍在增加

B.passengercomplaintsdecreaseforairlineshavetakenstepstoimproveairserviceB.乘客投訴減少了，因?yàn)楹娇展疽呀?jīng)采取措施改善航空服務(wù)

C.airservicehasbeenimprovedgreatlythoughitishardtobenoticedbypassengersC.航空服務(wù)已經(jīng)有了很大的改善，盡管它很難被乘客注意到

D.airserviceneedsimprovingbadlyastheresultsofpassengercomplaintsD.由于乘客投訴的結(jié)果，航空服務(wù)急需改善

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】首先，文章前兩段先講述旅客對航空公司的客戶服務(wù)的態(tài)度，以及不斷上升的投訴率；然后中間部分是對航空公司所做的一些努力的描述，最后總結(jié)，雖然航空公司做出了很多努力，但是某些航空公司的投訴率仍然在上升，乘客總是將旅行視為一場爭吵。綜合理解，文章想要告訴讀者的是，雖然航空公司做出了努力，但是乘客的投訴仍然在上升。該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B選項(xiàng)“乘客投訴減少了，因?yàn)楹娇展疽呀?jīng)采取措施改善航空服務(wù)”與原文相反，反向干擾；

C選項(xiàng)“航空服務(wù)已經(jīng)有了很大的改善，盡管它很難被乘客注意到”表述不全面，以偏概全；

D選項(xiàng)“由于乘客投訴的結(jié)果，航空服務(wù)急需改善”也與原文相反，反向干擾。

57.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

57.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedinthepassage?57.下面哪個(gè)選項(xiàng)沒有在文章中提到？

A.Governmenthassentofficialstocheckanyimprovementtheairserviceairlineshavemade.A.政府已經(jīng)派出官員去檢查航空公司的航空服務(wù)是否有所改善。

B.Somepeoplesuggestpassengersshowmoreunderstandingtoairlinesabouttheireffortstobetterairservice.B.一些人建議乘客對航空公司改善航空服務(wù)的努力表現(xiàn)出更多的理解。

C.Toimproveairservicedoesn’tmeanthattherewillnolongerbeanydeficienciesinairtraveling.C.改善航空服務(wù)并不意味著航空旅行將不再有任何缺陷。

D.Itisthoughtthatpassengersshouldbepatientwhentheyarewaitingforanyimprovementmadebyairlines.D.人們認(rèn)為，乘客在等待航空公司做出任何改進(jìn)時(shí)應(yīng)該有耐心。

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】D選項(xiàng)“人們認(rèn)為，乘客在等待航空公司做出任何改進(jìn)時(shí)應(yīng)該有耐心”在文章中并沒有提到，所以該題選擇D項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)定位至第四段第一句“最近，在麥凱恩的要求下，美國交通部監(jiān)察長肯尼斯?米德派出20名檢查人員前往機(jī)場，記錄每家航空公司是否履行了承諾”可知，A項(xiàng)“政府已經(jīng)派出官員去檢查航空公司的航空服務(wù)是否有所改善”符合原文；

B選項(xiàng)定位文章倒數(shù)第二段“發(fā)言人雪萊?薩松說：‘我們認(rèn)為，無論是商務(wù)旅客還是休閑旅客，如今都將旅行視為一場爭吵……而且，當(dāng)航空公司做出改進(jìn)時(shí)，需要很長時(shí)間才能引起注意?！?，從中可以得知，航空公司所做的一些努力要很長時(shí)間才能引起旅客的注意，所以可以推知，人們對航空公司的一些努力應(yīng)該表示理解，B項(xiàng)“一些人建議乘客對航空公司改善航空服務(wù)的努力表現(xiàn)出更多的理解”符合原文；

C選項(xiàng)定位至第四段最后兩句“米德提醒游客不要期望太多。航空公司的大多數(shù)承諾都是為了更好地與客戶溝通，而不是為了解決免費(fèi)航班的問題。”，理解可知，航空公司對客戶服務(wù)進(jìn)行了改善，但是這不代表會(huì)令每個(gè)客戶滿意，C項(xiàng)“改善航空服務(wù)并不意味著航空旅行將不再有任何缺陷”符合原文。

58.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

58.Whichofthefollowingstatementsisclosestinmeaningtothesentence“Someofthisisperception,butalotisreality.”(Para.5)?58.下面哪個(gè)陳述的意思最接近第五段中的這句話：“有些是看法，但很多是現(xiàn)實(shí)”？

A.Somepeople’scomplaintsaboutairservicearerathersubjective,butmostpeople’sarefairlyobjective.A.有些人對航空服務(wù)的抱怨比較主觀，但大多數(shù)人是比較客觀的。

B.Whenpeopletravelbyair,theyusuallyquarrel,whichisafactpassengersallsee.B.當(dāng)人們乘飛機(jī)旅行時(shí)，他們經(jīng)常吵架，這是乘客們都能看到的事實(shí)。

C.Somepeopletakeabiasedviewonairservicebecausetheydon’tseefacts.C.有些人對航空服務(wù)有偏見，因?yàn)樗麄兛床坏绞聦?shí)。

D.Mostpeoplesawfacts,butafewpeoplefailed.D.大多數(shù)人看到了事實(shí)，但少數(shù)人沒看到。

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干定位至倒數(shù)第二段“發(fā)言人雪萊?薩松說：‘我們認(rèn)為，無論是商務(wù)旅客還是休閑旅客，如今都將旅行視為一場爭吵，其中一些是人們的看法，但很多都是現(xiàn)實(shí)?！⊿omeofthisisperception,butalotisreality）”，從中可知，旅客經(jīng)常將旅行視為一場爭吵，即經(jīng)常對航空公司表示出抱怨，而后面提到一些是人們的看法，但大部分是現(xiàn)實(shí)，其中perception本身就是“感覺、感知”的意思；綜合理解，可以推斷，Someofthisisperception,butalotisreality這句話的意思是說“有些人對航空公司的抱怨是主觀上的，但大部分還是很客觀”，A項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】B選項(xiàng)“當(dāng)人們乘飛機(jī)旅行時(shí)，他們經(jīng)常吵架，這是乘客們都能看到的事實(shí)”、C選項(xiàng)“有些人對航空服務(wù)有偏見，因?yàn)樗麄兛床坏绞聦?shí)”和D選項(xiàng)“大多數(shù)人看到了事實(shí)，但少數(shù)人沒看到”理解錯(cuò)誤，曲解原文。

59.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

59.Theauthorhaswrittenthelastparagraphmainlytomean______.59.作者寫的最后一段主要是想表達(dá)______。

A.therateofcomplaintsisgoingupinallairlinesinspiteoftheeffortstheymadeA.盡管所有航空公司都做出了努力，但他們的投訴率仍在上升

B.improvementssomeairlineshavemadearenoteffective,whichleadstomorecomplaintsB.一些航空公司所做的改進(jìn)并不有效，這導(dǎo)致了更多的抱怨

C.theremaybeaneedtopasslawstoimproveairlinecustomers’serviceC.或許有必要通過法律來改善航空公司客戶的服務(wù)

D.somepeoplearetooaggressivewhencomplainingaboutairservicethoughairlineshavemadegreateffortsonitD.有些人在抱怨航空服務(wù)時(shí)過于咄咄逼人，盡管航空公司已經(jīng)做出了很大的努力

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】定位至文章最后一段，最后一句提到“如果行業(yè)的自愿項(xiàng)目不起作用，新的消費(fèi)者保護(hù)法也不是不可能（newconsumerprotectionlawsaren’toutofthequestion）”，理解可知，最后一句表達(dá)的意思是“如果航空公司所做的一些努力沒有用的話，旅客或許可以選擇法律來保障自己的權(quán)益”，C項(xiàng)符合這一描述。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“盡管所有航空公司都做出了努力，但他們的投訴率仍在上升”定位最后一段中間兩句“在第一季度，達(dá)美航空的投訴率在十大航空公司中排名第二。盡管如此，與其他航空公司相比，它的投訴率仍有所提高?！?，從中我們得知，不是所有的航空公司的投訴率仍在上升，所以該項(xiàng)曲解原文；

B選項(xiàng)“一些航空公司所做的改進(jìn)并不有效，這導(dǎo)致了更多的抱怨”中的someairlines（一些航空公司）同樣曲解原文；

D選項(xiàng)“有些人在抱怨航空服務(wù)時(shí)過于咄咄逼人，盡管航空公司已經(jīng)做出了很大的努力”，文中并沒有提到有人在抱怨時(shí)咄咄逼人，最后一段只是提及投訴率仍有所上升，該項(xiàng)屬于無中生有。

60.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

60.Inparagraph1,thephrase“poundingon”means”______”.60.在第一段中，詞組“poundingon”的意思是“______”。

A.strikingatA.襲擊，攻擊

B.urgingB.力促，竭力主張

C.attackingC.攻擊，抨擊

D.soundingwithloudnoisesD.發(fā)出很大的聲音

【考查點(diǎn)】詞義推測題。

【解題思路】首先，定位至文章第一句“你還記得去年夏天，憤怒的旅客（furioustravelers）poundingon國會(huì)對航空公司的客戶服務(wù)采取措施嗎（todosomething）？”，從furious可以看出，旅客的情緒特別強(qiáng)烈；后面提到todosomething可推測，旅客要求國會(huì)對航空公司采取一些行動(dòng)，綜合理解可知，poundingon指的是“強(qiáng)烈要求”，故B項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A選項(xiàng)“襲擊，攻擊”、C選項(xiàng)“攻擊，抨擊”和D選項(xiàng)“發(fā)出很大的聲音”理解錯(cuò)誤，曲解原文。

10.單選題

Everymemberofsocietyhastomakea（

）tostruggleforthefreedomofthecountry.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.warranty

B.guarantee

C.resolve

D.pledge

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。warranty意為“保證，擔(dān)保”，通常指承諾退款，類似質(zhì)保；guarantee意為“保證，擔(dān)?！?，通常指只負(fù)責(zé)修理，類似保修；resolve意為“決定”；pledge意為“保證，誓言”，makeapledge意為“宣誓，發(fā)誓”。

句意：每個(gè)社會(huì)成員都必須宣誓為國家自由而奮斗。

11.單選題

Hefelt______ofwhathehaddoneinschool.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.shy

B.ash

C.advisable

D.ashamed

【答案】D

【解析】【試題解析】考查詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)shy“害羞的；易受驚的；對（做）……心懷顧忌”；B選項(xiàng)ash“灰燼”；C選項(xiàng)advisable“明智的，可取的”；D選項(xiàng)ashamed“感到羞恥的；慚愧的”。句意：他為自己在學(xué)校里的所作所為感到______。根據(jù)語境，這里指的是對他做過的事的態(tài)度，D選項(xiàng)ashamed“感到羞恥的；慚愧的”符合題意。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

12.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

TheAmericansnolongerexpectpublicfigures,whetherinspeechorinwriting,tocommandtheEnglishlanguagewithskillandgift.Nordotheyaspiretosuchcommandthemselves.Inhislatestbooks,DoingOurOwnThing,TheDegradationofLanguageandMusicandWhyWeShouldLike,Care,JohnMcWhorter,alinguistandcontroversialistofmixedliberalandconservativeviews,seesthetriumphof1960s’counter-cultureasresponsibleforthedeclineofformalEnglish.Butthecultoftheauthenticandthepersonal,“doingourownthing”,hasspeltthedeathofformalspeech,writing,poetryandmusic.Whileeventhemodestlyeducatedsoughtanelevatedtonewhentheyputpentopaperbeforethe1960s,eventhemostwellregardedwritingsincethenhassoughttocapturespokenEnglishonthepage.Equally,inpoetry,thehighlypersonal,performativegenreistheonlyformthatcouldclaimrealliveliness.InbothoralandwrittenEnglish,talkingistriumphingoverspeaking,spontaneityovercraft.

Illustratedwithanentertainingarrayofexamplesfrombothhighandlowculture,thetrendthatMr.McWhorterdocumentsisunmistakable.Butitislessclear,totakethequestionofhissubtitle,WhyWeShouldLike,Care.Asalinguist,heacknowledgesthatallvarietiesofhumanlanguage,includingnon-standardoneslikeBlackEnglish,canbepowerfullyexpressive—thereexistsnolanguageordialectintheworldthatcannotconveycomplexideas.Heisnotarguing,asmanydo,thatwecannolongerthinkstraightbecausewedonottalkproper.

Russianshaveadeeplovefortheirownlanguageandcarrylargechunksofmemorizedpoetryintheirheads,whileItalianpoliticianstendtoelaboratespeechthatwouldseemold-fashionedtomostEnglish-speakers.Mr.McWhorteracknowledgesthatformallanguageisnotstrictlynecessary,andproposesnoradicaleducationreforms—heisreallygrievingoverthelossofsomethingbeautifulmorethanuseful.WenowtakeourEnglish“onepaperplatesinsteadofchina”.Ashame,perhaps,butprobablyaninevitableone.

1.AccordingtoMcWhorter,thedeclineofformalEnglish（）.

2.Theword“talking”(paragraph1)denotes（）.

3.TowhichofthefollowingstatementsisMcWhortermostlikelytoagree?

4.ThedescriptionofRussians’loveofmemorizingpoetryshowstheauthor’s（）.

5.Accordingtothelastparagraph,“paperplates”isto“china”as（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.isinevitableinradicaleducationreforms

B.isbutalltoonaturalinlanguagedevelopment

C.hascausedthecontroversyoverthecounter-culture

D.broughtaboutchangesinpublicattitudesinthe1960s

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.modesty

B.personality

C.liveliness

D.informality

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Logicalthinkingisnotnecessarilyrelatedtothewaywetalk.

B.BlackEnglishcanbemoreexpressivethanstandardEnglish.

C.Non-standardvarietiesofhumanlanguagearejustasentertaining.

D.Ofallthevarieties,standardEnglishcanbestconveycomplexideas.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.interestintheirlanguage

B.appreciationoftheirefforts

C.admirationfortheirmemory

D.contemptfortheirold-fashionedness

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.“temporary”isto“permanent”

B.“radical”isto“conservative”

C.“functional”isto“artistic”

D.“humble”isto“noble”

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】第1題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由本文最后一段的最后一句話“Ashame,perhaps,butprobablyaninevitableone”（也許這是一種遺憾，但也許是不可避免的）可知，在語言發(fā)展過程中，正式英語的衰落是非常正常的，這段介紹了正式英語的衰落，最后一句話是對這個(gè)衰落過程的總結(jié)。A選項(xiàng)“在激進(jìn)的教育改革中是不可避免的”沒有原文依據(jù)、C選項(xiàng)“引發(fā)了反主流文化的爭議”、D選項(xiàng)“在20世紀(jì)60年代改變了公眾的態(tài)度”均說法錯(cuò)誤，20世紀(jì)60年代反文化運(yùn)動(dòng)的勝利是正式英語衰落的原因。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

第2題:語義推測題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“talking”定位到第一段第四句話“Butthecultoftheauthenticandthepersonal,‘doingourownthing’,hasspeltthedeathofformalspeech,writing,poetryandmusic”（但是，“做我們自己的事”這種對真實(shí)和個(gè)人的狂熱已經(jīng)宣告了正式演講、寫作、詩歌和音樂的死亡）再聯(lián)系本段最后一句話“InbothoralandwrittenEnglish,talkingistriumphingoverspeaking,spontaneityovercraft”（在英語口語和書面語中，說勝于演講，自發(fā)性勝于技巧）可以推測talking對應(yīng)的是非正式的意思。A選項(xiàng)“謙遜”、B選項(xiàng)“個(gè)性”、C選項(xiàng)“活力”均為干擾項(xiàng)，與語義不符。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

第3題:判斷推理題。由題干定位到第二段最后一句話“Heisnotarguing,asmanydo,thatwecannolongerthinkstraightbecausewedonottalkproper”（他并不像許多人那樣，認(rèn)為我們不能再正確地思考，因?yàn)槲覀冋f話不恰當(dāng)）可知McWhorter認(rèn)為邏輯思維不一定與我們說話的方式有關(guān)。B選項(xiàng)“黑人英語可能比標(biāo)準(zhǔn)英語更有表現(xiàn)力”說法錯(cuò)誤，文中提到黑人這樣的非官方語言具有強(qiáng)大的表現(xiàn)力，但沒有與標(biāo)準(zhǔn)英語作比較；C選項(xiàng)“各種非標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的人類語言也同樣有趣”；D選項(xiàng)“在所有的變體中，標(biāo)準(zhǔn)英語最能傳達(dá)復(fù)雜的思想”均為干擾項(xiàng)，沒有原文依據(jù)。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

第4題:判斷推理題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“l(fā)oveofmemorizingpoetry”定位到最后一段第二句話“Mr.McWhorteracknowledgesthatformallanguageisnotstrictlynecess