Unit5Usinglanguage課件-高中英語(yǔ)外研版（2019）必修第一冊(cè)

Unit5Lesson2UsinglanguageAttributiveclausesII

Lookatthesentencesfromthereadingpassageandanserthequestions.a.Eventually,itmanagestoreachtheplaceswhereitwillspendthewinter.b.Thesolutiontothemysteryofthemonarch'samazingabilitycomesatatimewhenitisinserioustrouble.c.Sadly,humanactivityisthemainreasonwhythenumberofmonarchbutterfliesisfalling.d.Inmanyoftheplaceswherethebutterflycanbefound,peoplearedestroyingthenaturalenvironment.Question1：Whatdo“where”,”when”and“why”refertoineachsentence?a.wherereferstotheplacesb.whenreferstoatimec.whyreferstothemainreasond.wherereferstotheplaces

dEventually,itmanagestoreachthoseplaces.Itwillspendthewinterthere.eItisinserioustrouble.Theesatthistime.fSadly,humanactivityisthemainreasonwhythenumberofmonarchbutterfliesisfalling.Question2:What'sthedifferencebetweenthetwogroupsofsentences?Sentences(a),(b)and(c)containaclausedefininganounorpronouninthesentence.Sentences(d),(e)and(f)areconstructedwithapairofsimplesentences,withonedefininganounorpronounintheothersentenceineachpair.Question3:Whydoestheauthorchoosetousesentence(a),(b)and(c)inthereadingpassage?Becausethereisacloserlinkandconnectionbetweentheitemandtheclausedefiningitinsentences(a),(b)and(c).Itwillalsomakethepassageclearer,andcreateanemphaticeffectonthelocation,timeandreasonbeingdefined.PracticeReadthepassageandunderlinethewordsthatwhere,whenandwhyreferto.InApril2017,twogiantpandasfromChinaarrivedatazoointheNetherlands.There,theywerewelcomedtotheChinese-stylecompoundwheretheyweretolive.On30May,afterthepreparationswerecomplete,thedayfinallycamewhenthepandasmettheirfansforthefirsttime.Peoplewereexcited-thezooistheonlyplaceinthecountrywhereitispossibletoseepandas.Infact,thelasttimetherewerepandasintheNetherlandswasin1987.Andofcourse,themainreasonwhytheyweresoexcitedisthatpandasarejustsocute!Attributiveclauses定語(yǔ)從句II

4.As引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句用法(1)As既可以引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句也可以用于非限定性定句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)，表語(yǔ)等。常用于以下句型當(dāng)中：Such/so…..as….像…..一樣thesame….as…和…...同樣的Acomputerissousefulamachineaswecanuseeveryday.Heisnotthesamemanashewas.(2)引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，此時(shí)譯為“正如，像”等?？梢苑旁诰涫?，句中或句末。AsIremember,therewereanetbarhere.TaiwanisaninseparablepartofChina,asisknowntoall.★thesameas...和thesamethat...引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別ThisisthesamebikethatIlostyesterday.(同一事物)ThisisthesamebikeasIlostyesterday.（同類事物）5.關(guān)系副詞的運(yùn)用(1)When在定語(yǔ)從句中做時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，先行詞為表示時(shí)間的time,day等IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstcametoBeijing.(when=onwhich)(2)Where在定語(yǔ)從句中做地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，先行詞為表地點(diǎn)的place,spot等Canyoutellmetheofficewhereheworks?(where=inwhich)(3)Why在定語(yǔ)從句中做原因狀語(yǔ)，先行詞只有reason.Idon’twanttolistentoanyreasonwhyyouwereabsent.(why=forwhich)★關(guān)系副詞=相應(yīng)的介詞+關(guān)系代詞★Where引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句還可以修飾抽象空間的名詞如case(情形)，situation,position(位置),stage(階段)，point（地步）等Whatarethesituationswherebodylanguageistheonlyformofcommunication?在哪些情況下身體語(yǔ)言是唯一的溝通方式。(此時(shí)where=inwhich)6.幾個(gè)特殊的先行詞(1)way在定語(yǔ)從句中做狀語(yǔ)時(shí)的三種引導(dǎo)方式that/inwhich/不填Thewayinwhich/that/不填heexplainsthesentencetousisquitesimple.比較：Thewaywhich/that/不填hetoldtouswasquitesimple.★way在定語(yǔ)中作tell的賓語(yǔ)(2)先行詞timetime表示“次數(shù)”時(shí)，用關(guān)系代詞that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句Thisisthefirsttimethatthepresidenthasvisitedthecountry.time作“一段時(shí)間”講時(shí)，應(yīng)用關(guān)系副詞whenThiswasthetimewhentherewerenoradios,notelephonesornoTVsets★此時(shí)when=duringwhich在..期間(3)先行詞reason當(dāng)在定語(yǔ)從句中作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，定語(yǔ)從句的4種引導(dǎo)方式why/forwhich/that/不填Thisisthereasonwhy/forwhich/that/不填hecannotcomehere.比較：Isthisthereasonthat/which/不填heexplainedtousforhisabsencefromtheconference.★reason在定語(yǔ)從句中做explain的賓語(yǔ)7.介詞+關(guān)系代詞★該結(jié)構(gòu)的關(guān)系代詞只有兩種即介詞+which（指物）介詞+whom（指人）★該結(jié)構(gòu)介詞的選用原則：(1)根據(jù)定語(yǔ)從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的習(xí)慣搭配ThisisthebookonwhichIspent$8.ThisisthebookforwhichIpaid$8.(2)根據(jù)先行詞的搭配習(xí)慣IrememberthedaysduringwhichIlivedthere.IrememberthedayonwhichIgraduatedfromuniversity.(3)根據(jù)整個(gè)句子所表達(dá)的意思來(lái)決定Thecolorlessgaswithoutwhichwecan’tliveiscalledoxygen.(4)英語(yǔ)中為了強(qiáng)調(diào)某一名詞，不定式前面也可以加上關(guān)系代詞。Hereisthemoneywithwhichtobuythepiano.Sheistherightpersononwhomtodepend注意：①如果介詞后移，關(guān)系代詞可以省略Theperson(whom/who/that)youwillwritetoisTodd.②有些含有介詞的動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)介詞不能提前如lookfor/after;takecareof;sendfor;hearfrom/of/aboutdealwith等Thisisthebabythatyouwilllookafter.定語(yǔ)從句的主謂一致(1)當(dāng)先行詞是oneof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞，定語(yǔ)從句的位于動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式TheGreatWallisoneoftheworld-famousbuildingsthatdrawlotsofvisitoreveryyear.(2)當(dāng)先行詞是theonly+oneof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞，從句謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)形式TheGreatWallistheonlyoneofthebuildingsontheearththatisseenfromthemoon.(3)先行詞如果是整個(gè)句子，定語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)GreatchangeshavetakenplaceinChina,asisknowntoall.Hehaspassedthedrivingtest,whichsurprisesallofus.9.定語(yǔ)從句的轉(zhuǎn)化定語(yǔ)從句可以轉(zhuǎn)換為–ing或-ed形式Thegirl(whois)dancingnowjustreturnedfromTaiwan.Ilovethestories(whichwere)writtenbyHemingway.Theman(whostands)standingthereismyfriend.10.定語(yǔ)從句的解題方法(1)判斷從句是否為定語(yǔ)從句（先行詞，關(guān)系詞，定語(yǔ)從句）(2)準(zhǔn)確判斷先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中的成分(主、賓、表、定、狀)從而正確選定使用關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞注意：①關(guān)系代詞whose的用法。Whose在定語(yǔ)從句中做定語(yǔ)。當(dāng)先行詞是人：whose=the+名詞+ofwhom當(dāng)先行詞是物：whose=the+名詞+ofwhichDoyouknowtheboywhoseparents/theparentsofwhomareonholiday?I’dlikearoomwhosewindow/thewindowofwhichfacesthesea.②That引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，名詞性從句和強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的區(qū)別:定語(yǔ)從句中的that:關(guān)系代詞，在后面的定語(yǔ)從句中做句子成分。名詞性從句中的that：從屬連詞，只起連接主從句的作用，在從句中不做句子成分。強(qiáng)調(diào)句中的that,運(yùn)用于itis/was…that..結(jié)構(gòu)；判斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)：去掉強(qiáng)調(diào)句型結(jié)構(gòu)，成分仍然完整。比較：ThisisthebookthatIamlookingfor.(that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句)ItisatBashumiddleschoolthatIhavestudiedforthreeyears.(that和前面的itis構(gòu)成強(qiáng)調(diào)句型)Thefactthathestolethemoneysurprisedallofus.(that引導(dǎo)名詞性從句--同位語(yǔ)從句)Thathewillcometotheconferencehasexcitedallofus.(that引導(dǎo)名詞性從句--主語(yǔ)從句)Weallexpectthattheywin,formembersoftheirteamarestronger.(that引導(dǎo)名詞性從句--賓語(yǔ)從句)Thereasonforyourfailureisthatyoulackconfidenceinyourself.(that引導(dǎo)名詞性從句--表語(yǔ)從句)PracticeKey:wherewhenwhywhereSummarySummarizewhatwehavelearnttoday.Homework用適當(dāng)?shù)拇~和副詞完成電子郵件，必要時(shí)可加介詞。Hi,Anne.IarrivedinSriLankalastweekandI’mstayingwiththepeople(1)______ImetinLondon.SriLankais